高考英语语法专项训练+内容
英语语法专项训练
目录
1.名词
2.句子成分和基本句型
3.冠词
4.人称代词
5.物主代词
6.反身代词
7.疑问代词
8.指示代词
9.不定代词
10.数词
11.形容词
12.副词
13.连词
14.介词
15.情态动词16.动词
17.动词的时态
一般现在时
现在进行时
一般过去式
一般将来时
18.简单句
反义疑问句
感叹句
19.并列句
20.There be 句型
21.常见习惯用语
22.非谓语动词
23.动词的主谓一致
1 名词
基础知识
一.种类
专有名词 London, John, the Communist Party of China
普通名词类名词 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table
集体名词 class, family, army, police, team, people
物质名词 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand
抽象名词happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest
二.功用
主语 My family is now in New York.
表语 His father is a scientist.
宾语 We love our great motherland.
宾语补足语 He made London the base for his work.
定语 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语 The car cost him 1000 dollars.
同位语 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here.
三.名词的数
名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如：English,air,water,cotton,work…
可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。
四.可数名词复数形式的构成规律是：
1. 一般情况加s,如：pen—pens, doctor—doctors,boy—boys,其读音规则是在清辅音后读［s］，在元音和浊辅音后读［z］。如:map—map ， boy—boys.
2. 在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后面加es，如：bus—buses,class—classes,其读音为［iz］。
3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s，其读音为［iz］。
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i 再加es，读作［z］，如：factory—factories,country—countries, family—families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如:boy—boys,day—days。
5. 以o结尾的名词的复数形式一般要加es，但如果o前面是元音字母或外来词，缩写词以o 结尾的则只加s，如：tomato—tomatoes,hero —heroes;photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos
6. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es，如：knife—knives, leaf —leaves, 但有些例外的词如roof的复数形式是roofs。
7. 不规则名词的复数形式是要单个记忆的，它没有规律可循，如:man—men,woman—women, child—children, foot—feet,tooth—teeth, mouse—mice
8. 单复同形的名词有：fish, sheep,deer…
9. 单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people,police 等。名词还有格的变化，其主格可作主语，宾格可作宾语。还有所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's其复数形式是s'，如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's，如：a student's room, students' rooms, Children's Day.在表示时间、距离、世界、国家……名词的所有格要用's，如：a twenty minutes' walk.但无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，如：the capital of our country, the colour of the flowers。
五．“某国人”的单复数变化：
中日不变( Chinese---Chinese；Japanese
--Japanese)，英法变(Englishman-Englishmen；Frenchman--Frenchmen)．其余在后边加-s。如：American --Americans；German-Ger-mans; Australian - Australians.
2．单复数同形。如：fish-- fish; sheep -sheep; deer-deer。
3．元音发生变化。如：man- men；foot- feet。4．词尾加-cn或-ren。如：child---children, ox-oxen(牛)。
5．复合名词单复数变化:
(l)主要词改为复数。如：boy student--boy students；father-in-law----fathers-in-law (2)含man或woman的复合名词，前后两词都要改为复数形式。
如：man doctor--men doctors, woman teacher -women teachers.
6.字母、数字、引语或缩略词变复数．一般在词后加–‘s．也可以加-s。
如：three a’s(三个a) 1990s/1990's（20世纪90.年代）。
7．其他情况。如：medium--- media媒体。六.不可数名词的特殊复数形式：
1．物质名词和抽象名词一般是借助“数间十量词+of+不可数名词”结构来表示一定的数量。
量词可以是单数．也可以是复数，但of 后的不可数名词只能用原形。如：a glass of water 两杯水，two glasses of water两杯水。2．当物质名词转化为个体名词时，视为可数名词，有复数形式。如：water（水）----waters （大水，洪水）
3．当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，视为可数名词．有复数形式，如fish，作鱼的“条数”讲时，复数形式为fish;作鱼的“种类”讲时．复数为fishes。
4．当物质名词表示份数时，视为可数名词．有复数形式。如．a coffee一杯咖啡，two coffees 两杯咖啡。
5. 抽象名词在-些固定词组中可用做可数名词。如：catch a cold感冒．have a rest休息。
七、名词所有格
名词所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格．有三种形式：
（一）-‘s所有格表示有生命的名词的所有格。
l. 一般在名词词尾加-’s。如：Lily's bag。
2．若名词以s结尾，直接在词尾加’。如：Teachers' Day。
（二）of所有格表示无生命的名词的所有格，结构为“the+名词+of+ the ／物主代词十名词”。
如：the window of the room房间的窗户。
（三）双重所有格：-’s所有格和of所有格结合在一起表示的所有关系。
1．of+名词所有格。如：a friend of Lucy's 露西的一位朋友。
2．of+名词性物主代词。如：a friend, of mine 我的一位朋友。
专项训练
一、选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里
1.Mike is one of the English ____ in our school.
A.boy
B.boys
C.a boy
2. June 1st is _____ Day.
A.Child’s
B.Children’s
C. Children
3. There are seven ____ in a week.
A.days
B.day
C.dayes
4. We are in model ____ group.
A.ships
B.cars
C.plane
5.These bottles of ____ are fresh.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,ks
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,kes
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,k
6.Have you got any nice ____ ?
A.photos
B.a photo
C.photo
7.I go to shool on ____.
A.bus
B.feet
C.foot
8.I can see two _____ standing there.
A.woman
B.women
C.womans
9.Those _____ are on the desk.
A.newspaper
B.book
C.story books
10.May I have two _____?
A.apples
B.cake
C.egg
11.These are four ____ in the pencil-box.
A.knife
B.knifes
C.knives
12.This ____ is big.
A.T-shirt
B.T-shirtes
C.T-shirts
13.A pig’s ____ are big.
A.ears
B.ear
C.eares
14.Give me some ____ , please.
A.box
B.water
C.teas
15.There are six ____ in the photo.
A.people
B.woman
C.man
二、写出下列名词的复数形式。
1.map
2. fish
3. hand
4. bus
5. dish
6. baby
7. city
8. knife
9. tomato
10. man
11. foot
12. child
13. day
14. box 15. photo
16. pencil-box
17. leaf
18. Sunday
19. dress
20. match
21．zoo
22．exam
23. German
24. foot 25．Englishman________ 26. Japanese_______
三、根据括号内所提供的词或首字母提示，在空白处填入正确的词。
l. I have a lot of____________ (homework) to do every day.
2. Some____(child) are flying ________ ( kite) near the river.
3. It is the best one of the___________ (photo) in my family.
4. Are they building any_______ (library) in the city?
5. Can you cut this big pear into two _________(half)?
6. After three_________(month) study, the scientists worked out the physics problem.
7.__________ (tree) are planted in most of the mountain villages
8.1 like a_________. It's neither hot nor cold.
9. T________ comes after Monday.
10. Here is a card for you with our best________ (wish).
11. There're different________ (fish) in the sea.
12. Thousands of people lost their _________ (life) in the disaster.
13. Could you tell me how many_______________ (boy student) were at the party?
14. Jim's drawing is much better than any of his __________( classmate)
15. This is a __________(visitor) car. Mine is over there.
2 句子成分和基本句型基础知识
句子是由各种词类按照一定的语法规则组成的，可以表达完整的概念。句子开头第一个字母一定要大写，结尾要注明标点符号。
一、句子的成分
组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
1 主语：主语表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语或从句担任。主语要放在句首。
The girl studies in No.4 Middle School. 这个女孩子在四中学习。(叙述“谁”)
The post office is open.
邮局开门了。(叙述“事，什么”)
2 谓语：谓语起着说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。
He studies hard.
他学习很努力。
He made us laugh heavily.
3 表语：表语用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词和不定式以及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。
He is a lawyer.
他是一名律师。(名词作表语)
The girl is only four.
这个小姑娘仅仅四岁。(数词作表语)
4 宾语：宾语是及物动词所示动作的对象或介词的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语及从句都可以担任作宾语。宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
My father enjoys tea.
我父亲喜欢喝茶。(名词作宾语)
5 状语：状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
She drove fast.(副词作状语)
她把车开得飞快。
6 定语：定语用于修饰名词或代词。可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词的地方都可以有定语。
The blue car is Jeff's.
那辆蓝色的轿车是杰夫的。(形容词作定语) 二、句子的基本句型
由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等句子成分，按不同方式可组合成五种基本句型：(句子成分的表示方法：S: Subject主语；V: Verb动词；O: Object宾语；P: Predica tive表语；OC: Object Complement宾语补足语；InO: Indirect Object间接宾语；DO：Dir ect Object 直接宾语)
第一种：S+V(主语+谓语动词)
T he boy sleeps. 孩子睡了。
第二种：S+V+O(主语+谓语动词+宾语)
He plays the violin. 他演奏小提琴。
第三种：S+V+P(主语+连系动词+表语)
She is a doctor. 她是医生。
第四种：S+V+InO+DO(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
I gave her a present.
我给了她一件礼物。
第五种：S+V+O+OC(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语)
We call him Jack
我们都叫他杰克。
三、注意：
1.一些不及物动词之后加上介词就可以具有及物动词的功能，其后就可以接宾语了。这一类词组有：
listen to 听；look at 看；
look after 照看；turn on 打开；turn off 关上；look for 寻找；live on 以……为生；put on 穿上；
hand in 上交；
pick up 捡起；
belong to属于；arrive at/in 到达等。
2.要求双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的动词，直接宾语提前，动词后加to或for，现归纳如下。
①后面加to的动词：give 给
tell 告诉
bring 带来
send 寄，送
hand 交给
read 读
pass 递给
return 把……还给……lend 借给
throw 扔……给……leave 留给promise 许诺，答应refuse 拒绝
②后面加for的动词：get 得到
make 制造，做
buy 买
do 做
play 演奏
order 命令
sing 唱歌
pay 为……而付钱
专项训练
分析下列句子的句子成分
1、The rain has stopped．雨停了。
2、I get up at 7：30 every morning．我每天早晨7点半起床。
3、I’m a student．我是一名学生。
4、You look fine．你看上去气色很好。
5、I closed the window．我把窗户关上。
6、They wanted to go there．他们想去那里。
7、The teacher told them a story．老师给他们讲了一个故事。
8、He read the letter to his mother．他把信读给他妈妈听。
9、He found the film interesting．他发现那部电影很有趣。
10、They made him their monitor．他们推选他当班长。
3 冠词基础知识
冠词在英语中只有3个词，分为两类：不定冠词a 与an，定冠词the。 a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前，an用于以元音开始的单词前。不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物，而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物，可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。
一、冠词的种类
冠词是一种虚词，它本身不能单独充当句子成分，也没有词义，它只能用在名词的前面，帮助说明其含义。可以分为三种：定冠词the；不定冠词a/an;零冠词，即不用冠词。
二、不定冠词( a/an)的基本用法
1．在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物前。
2.泛指人或事物的某一种，以区别于其他种类。
3.泛指某人或某物。
4.用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。
5.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词（如coffee,food,tea,try,pleasure）前，表示“一阵，一份，一类，一场，一杯”。
6.用于可视为一体的两个名词前。
7.表示“一个”，意为one,但数的概念没有one强。
8.表示“同一”的意思。
9.表示“某一个”，一般与表示星期的名词连用。
10.用在专有名词前，表示“类别”。
11.用于某些固定词组中。如：have a look/walk/break/try/rest/bath, in a hurry, for a while等。
如：
1．I have a pen.
2.A dog is an honest animal.
3.An old man is looking for you, Mr. Green.
4. We have a music class once a week.
5.I am not sure. I’ll have a try.
6．a knife and fork一副刀叉
7.I have a good friend.我有一个好朋友。
8.They were nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。
9．They came on a Sunday.他们是某个周日来的。
10.This is a Van Gogh.这是一幅凡·高的厕。
三、定冠词( the)的用法
1．用于双方都知道的人或事物前。如：
Is the book yours?
2．特指的或上文提到过的人或事物！如：
The girl in the car is my sister.
3．表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：
Man is now studying and using the sun.
4．用在序数词、形容词最高级前．或用于对两个
人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级阿。如： He is the first to come here.
Of the twins,1 like the taller one.
5．用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩。如：
The Browns are all living in China.
6.用在单数可数名词前，表示-类八或事物，以区
别于其他种类。如：
Do you know who invented the computer'?
7．用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名
词，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest one
in China.
8．与某些形容词连用，表示一类人。如：
The rich should help the poor.
9．用在表示方位或乐器名称的名词前。如：
Can you play the guitar?
There is a park in the east of the town.
10.用于形容词only，very，same等前面。如：
That is the very thing I've been looking for.
11.与复数名词连用-指整个群体。如：
They are the teachers of this school.
12.用在某些固定词组中。如：
in the daytime,in the end, at the moment,
at the foot of,the number of等。
四、零冠词（不用冠词）
1.不可教名词和复数名词泛指人或事物的某一种，
以区别于其他种类时，前面用零冠词。如：
Cats have sharp eyes at night.
Money is not everything.
2.某些专有名词（如人名、地名、国名）物质名
词与抽象名词前用零冠词。如：
Philip has lived in China for years.
3.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或
名词所有格等修饰时，前面用零冠词。如：
This;s my address. Let's keep in touch.
4.在节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等前面用零
冠词。但若特指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需要
在月份、季节前加the。如：
Spring is the best season of the year.
The winter of the year 2009 was very cold.
5.称呼或表示职位、头衔的名词前用零冠词。如：
Li Lei was made monitor for this month.
6．三餐、球类运动、娱乐及学科的名词前用零冠词。如：
What do you usually have for lunch?
Do you like playing football or baseball?
7．“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等词前用零冠词。如：
His company is located in Beijing Road.
8．与by连用的交通工具名称前用零冠词。如：
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,ually go to school by bike.
9．公共假日、节日名称前用零冠词，但与festival 一起构成的传统节日前要加the。如：
We had an evening party on New Year's Day.
The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China.
10.表示特定的公园、街道、车站、桥梁、学校等的名词前用零冠词。如：
Many old people take exercise in Beihai Park every morning.
11.在某些固定词组或习惯用语中用零冠词。如at night, day and night，watch TV，on foot，in time 等。
专项训练
I．给下列名词前加上适当的不定冠词。
1.__________ book
2.__________computer
3._________orange
4._________volleyball
5.________hour
6._________language
7.________ island
8._________singer 9．__________apple
10.___________eraser
11. ball
12. moon
13. orange
14. window
15. first floor
16. old policeman
II.用适当的冠词填空，使句子完整。
1.Rome was not built in________day.
2. Jim is ________honest boy. We all like him.
3.----Can_________child finish the job?
-----No, at least two children can.
4. We have a music class once________week.
5.It's______ pleasure to talk with you.
6._______hundred and twenty people at tended the meeting.
7. I'd like_________ coffee and two beers.
8. Come in, or you'll catch_________bad cold.
9. Li Lei, take__________ medicine three _________ times _________ day.
10. He bought _______ new house. I have been to ________ house.
11.This is ___________ umbrella that I lost yesterday.
12.________ rich are not always happier than __________ poor.
13.________ man/Man is __________ only animal who can talk.
15.Do you know ___________ girl in red?16.________ fifth lesson is very easy.
17.Lucy is __________ taller of the two girls.
18.I like playing __________ violin, while he likes playing ___________ football.
19.Look, all ___________ books are here now.
20.June 1st is ____________ Children’s Day.
22.__________ Greens live next the door.
23.__________ music/Music can bring people___________ pleasure.
24.I have visited many cities since__________ September, 2007.
25.She is not so smart ___________ girl as I thought.
26.Could you tell me __________ answer to the question? I can’t work it out myself.
28.I like________chemistry though it's a bit difficult.
29. Wendy was made __________ monitor for this month.
30.___________ doctor/Doctor, I’m not feeling myself today.
III.选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1、This is _____ boy.
A.a
B.an
2、That’s _____ egg.
A.a
B.an
3、I am eating _____ apple.
A.a
B.an
4、Mike is _____ American boy.
A.a
B.an
5、She is _____ Chinese girl .
A.a
B.an
6、Is this ____ bus for Shanghai Zoo?
A.a
B.an
C.the
7、What ____ nice day it is today!
A.a
B.an
C.the
8、May I have ____ blue balloon?
A.a
B.an
9、It’s a fine day.We can see ____ sun in the sky.
A.a
B.an
C.the
1 . Mr Li is＿＿＿ old worker.
A a
B an
C some
D /
2 . English is＿＿ useful language in ＿＿world.
A an, the
B a, the
C the, /
D /,the
3 . What ＿＿＿ interesting book it is?
A a
B an
C the
D /
4 . He will be back in ＿＿＿ hour.
A /
B the
C a
D an
5 . There is ＿＿＿ map in the classroom. ＿＿＿ map is on the wall.
A a, A
B the, The
C a, The
D the ,A
6 . Look at＿＿＿ picture! There's＿＿＿ house in it.
A a ,a
B the, the
C a, the
D the, a
7. There is ＿＿＿ orange in the bottle.
A a
B an
C the
D /
8. Beijing is ＿＿＿ capital of our country.
A the
B an
C /
D a
9 .If you work hard at English, you'll get ＿＿＿“A” in the test.
A an
B /
C the
D a
10 . He usually goes to school on ＿＿＿ foot.
A a
B an
C the D
4 人称代词
基础知识
一、代词的定义及分类
不定代词，人称代词，关系代词，物主代词
疑问代词，指示代词，相互代词，反身代词
代词是代替名词或相当于名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。在句子中使用代词是为了避免同一名词的重复出现。英语中的代诃按其意义、特征及在句子中的作用可分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
二、人称代词
表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表
人称单数复数
主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I me we us 第二人称You you You You 第三人称he him they them
she Her
it it 1．人称代词的主格形式作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。如：
I am a teacher. You are a student. He is a student, too.
我是老师，你是学生，他也是学生。
We/You/They are students.我们／你们／他们是学生。
2．人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to me.把它给我。
Let's (let's =let us)go.我们走吧。
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1. ____ is lovely.
A.Me
B.She
C.Her
2. Give a ruler, please.
A.I
B.he
C.me
3. What time is now?
A.this
B.it
C.they
4.These sweet apples are for .
A.I
B.She
C.them
5. are good friends.
A.I
B.we
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,
6.____ are swimming now.
A.This
B.It
C.They
7.____ is five o’clock.
A.it
B.It
C.she
8.Please give ____ some water.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4615655840.html,
B.I
C.we
9.Those books are for _____.
A.you
B.they
C.she
10.This is my little brother._____ is lovely.
A.She
B.He
C.They
11.____ are playing football now.
A.I
B.They
C.them
12.______ are good friends.
A.You, Lily and I
B.I,you and Lily
C.Lily ,you and I
13.____ is Monday today.
A.It
B.That
C.Them
14. This is my father. is a doctor.
A.He
B.She
C.Him
15.______ will visit Haikou Zoo together next
week.
A.You,they and we
B.We,you and they
C.They,we and you
5 物主代词
基础知识
表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词，也可叫代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，其人称和数的变化见下表：
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词：
不必加名词。如：
--Is this your book? 这是你的书吗？
--No，it isn't. It's hers(her book)。不是，是她的。
This pen is mine.这支钢笔是我的。
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1.This is ____ classroom.
A.my
B.mine
C.your
2.The ruler is ____.
A.my
B.your
C.his 3. My bike is old，____ is new .
A.You
B.Your
C.Yours
4.____ book is very old.
A.Hers
B.Her
C.He
数
人称类别
单数复数
第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称
形容词性物主代词my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的
5.Is this ____ eraser?
A.you
B.your
C.yours
6.Is it ____ football?
A.his
B.mine
C.yours
7.Is this ____ English book?
A.hers
B.your
C.its
8.These are ____ books.
A.my
B.his
C.their
9. _____ English teacher is Mrs. Green
A.Yours
B.Our
C.Ours
10. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ .
A.his
B.mine
C.your 11.I have got a lovely cat.____ eyes are big.
A.It’s
B.Its
C.It
12.This is your cup,but where is____?
A.her
B.mine
C.your
13.My ball is here._____ is under the bed.
A.Your
B.Mine
C.Hers
14.Here is ____ money.
A.my
B.mine
C.I
15. _____ classroom is on the first floor._____is
on the second floor.
A.Our,Their
B.Ours,Theirs
C.Our,Theirs
6 反身代词
基础知识
一、反身代词：
myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves他们自己
二、功能
1.在句中作同位语，用来加强名词或代词的语气，表示“亲自”等意。
2.用在一些固定搭配中。如：come to oneself恢复知觉，teach oneself自学
如：
I did my homework myself.我自己完成了作业。
I want to see the manager himself.我要见经理本人。
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1.She can do it _____.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
2.We can buy some fruit for _____.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.himself
3.You must finish your homework by _____.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.themselves
4.I am looking at _____ in the mirror.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
5.Mary often asks ____ to study hard.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
6.The man lives alone.He has to look after ____ at home.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
7.Let me introduce ____ to you.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
8.My mother often looks at ____ in the mirror. A.myself B.herself C.himself
9.You can make ____ at home, Mike.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.themselves
10.Enjoy ____ , May and Mary.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.yourselves
11. Jim wants to teach____ English from now on.
A.myself
B.herself
C.himself
12. Help _____to some beef, boys.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.yourselves
13. My cat can find food by_____ .
A.myself
B. Yourself
C.itself
14. They tell us they can look after_____very well.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.themselves
15. We enjoy _____ on Children’s Day.
A.yourself
B.ourselves
C.themselves
1. who /whom /whose：(1)who在句中做主语、表语和动词宾语。（2）whom是who的宾格形式，在句中作宾语。（3）whose在句中作主语、宾语和表语。
2. what/ who ：(1)what 询问事物或某人的职业。（2）who询问，某人的身份、姓名。
3. which：（1）which指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪一些”，没有一定选择范围。（2）which指一定数目中的“哪一个，哪一些”，有一定的选择范围。
如：
1．(l)Who runs faster?谁跑得更快？
(2)Who did you speak to? 你在跟谁说话？
(3)With whom did you go to school? 你同谁去了学校？
(4)Whose pen is this? 这是谁的钢笔？
2．(1)What is your father?你父亲是干什么的？
(2)Who is the man? 这个男人是谁？
(3) Who is your best friend? 你最好的朋友是谁?
3．(1)What colour do you like?你喜欢什么颜色？
(2)Which colour do you like better, red or green? 你喜欢哪种颜色，红色还是绿色？
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1. —____ are you doing?
—I am singing.
A.What
B.When
C.Who
2. —____ class are you in ?
—I am in Class Two
A.Where
B.When
C.Which
3.—_____ colour is your mother’s dress?
—It’s black.
A.What
B.When
C.Which
4. —____ is Mr.White from?
—He’s from England.
A.What
B.When
C.Where
5. —____ do you get up?
—At half past six.
A.What time
B.Where
C.Which
6. —____ is standing there.
—Mr Wang.
A.What
B.When
C.Who
7. —____ is this red bag?
—It’s Mary’s.
A.what
B.Whose
C.Who
8. —____ is the lady.
—She is my Chinese teacher.
A.what
B.Whose
C.Who
9. —____ are you?
—I am fine.
A.How
B.How old
C.How many
10. —____ is your mother.
—In the living room.
A.what
B.When
C.Where
11. —____ is your bag?
—The red one.
A.what
B.When
C.Which
12. —____ is this skirt?
—50 yuan.
A.How
B.How much
C.How many
13. —____ people in your family?
—Five.
A.How
B.How much
C.How many
14. —____ do you watch TV?
—Twice a week.
A.How
B.How often
C.How long
15. —____ are you today?
—I am fine.
A.How
B.How often
C.How long
表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”等意思的代词叫做指示代词。指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式
1、指示代词用法：
(1) 作主语：
This is a chair. 这是一把椅子。
(2) 作宾语：
We should always keep this in mind. 我们应当经常记住这一点。
(3) 作表语：
Her plan is this. 她的计划是这样的。
(4) 作定语：
I don't like that man. 我不喜欢那个人。
2、指示代词的用法区别
(1) this和these一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物，that和those一般指在空间和时间上较远的事物。
例：This is a map of China and that is a map of the world.
这是一张中国地图，那是一张世界地图。
2) this和these常指后面将要讲到的事物，有启下的作用，that和those常指前面已经讲到过的事物，起承上的作用。
例：I shall say this to you: he is an honest man. 我将对你说这一点：他是一个诚实的人。
(3) that和those有时可用来代替前面提到过的东西，以避免重复这个名词：
These machines are better than those we turned out last year. 这些机器比我们去生产的好。
(4) 在电话中，this表示打电话者，that表示接电话的对方。
例：A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。
B: Who's that please? 请问是哪位？（美语用Who's it?或Who's this?）
3、such也是一个指示代词，在句子中可用作：
(1) 定语：
We have had such a busy day. 我们今天忙得真够呛。
(2) 主语：
Such are the results. 结果就是如此。
(3) 表语：
His illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 他的病还不至于使人焦虑不安。
4、same也可以看作指示代词，在句中能作定语、主语、表语或宾语：
She said the same thing all over again. 她把同样的话又说了一遍。
“Happy New year!”“The same to you!”“新好！”“新好！”
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1.____ is my brother.
A.This
B.These
C.Those
2. ____ flowers are beautiful.
A.This
B.These
C.That
3. ____ is my mother.
A.That
B.These
C.Those
4. What are ____?
A.this
B.those
C.that 5. What’s ____?
A.those
B.these
C.that
6.I like ____ books.
A.This
B.Those
C.That
7. I will buy ____ dress.
A.this
B.these
C.those
8.—What’s ____ in the sky?
—It’s a kite.
A.this
B.these
C.those
9.—What are ____ over there?
—They are apples.
A.that
B.these
C.those
10. I want _____ sweater.
A.this
B.these
C.those
11. ____ pen is red.
A.That
B.These
C.Those 12. I don’t like ____ shoes.
A.this
B.that
C.those
13. ____ pears are too small.
A.This
B.That
C.These
14. ____ two boys are Mr. Green’s sons.
A.This
B.These
C.That
15. ____ two girls are Mary and Lily.
A.This
B.That
C.Those
9 不定代词
基础知识
一、不定代词
如：
1．(l)Would you like some soup?你想喝些汤
(2)1 don't have any friend here.在这儿我没有任何朋友。
2．(1) Many of my classmates like pop songs.我许多同学都喜欢流行音乐。
(2)Much of the homework has been done.大部分家庭作业都做完了。
另外，many和much都可以与表示程度副词so，too. as，how连用。如：
There are so many mistakes in your composition.你作文中的错误真多。
There was too much rain this summer.这个夏季雨太多。
3．either和neither常构成固定搭配“either/neither of+名词/代词复数十动词单数”。 (l) Either of my parents is a teacher．我父母中有一个是老师。
(2)Neither of them can come today.他们没有一个能今天来。
4．(1) Both Lucy and Mary are Americans.露西和玛丽都是美国人。
(2)AII the students are waiting for the English teacher.
所有的学生都在等待英语老师。
5．(1) I write to Lily each week.我每周都给莉莉写信。
Each of us likes watching TV.我们每一个人都喜欢看电视。
(2)Every student needs to be careful when crossing the street.
过马路的时候学生都应当小心。
6．(1) Lily is taller than any other student.莉莉比其他任何一位同学都高。
(2)I want another apple.我还要一个苹果。
(3)I have some story books. Some are in Chinese, others are in English.
我有一些故事书，一些是汉语的，还有一些是英语的。
(4)There are two apples. One is for me, the other is for you.
有两个苹果，一个是给我的，另一个是给你的。
(5)These four books are mine，the others are yours.
这四本书是我的，余下的都是你的。
7．(1)There is little time left.没有多少时间了。
There is only a little milk in the glass.杯子里只有一点儿牛奶。
(2)There are few bananas in the basket.篮子里几乎没有香蕉了。
A few of us agree with him.我们只有几个人赞同他。，
1．some类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中。用于疑问句时表示说话者希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议。如：There is someone who wants to speak to you.有人想和你说话。
Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃些什么？
2．any类复合不定代词一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。
Is anybody here?这儿有人吗？
Anyone of you can give me a hand.你们谁帮我一下。
3．由-one和-body构成的复合不定代词可以相互换用。如：
anyone --anybody; someone--somebody; everyone--everybody
三、代词 it 的用法
如：
1.I saw a movie yesterday. It was interesting. 我昨天看了一场电影，它很有趣。
2.Is that Lucy speaking? 是露西吗？
-Yes, it is．(=Yes, this is Lucy speaking.)是的，我是。
3．The baby is crying. It might be hungry.婴儿正在哭，它可能饿了。
Someone is knocking at the door. Who might it be?有人在敲门。可能是谁呢？
4.It is rainy today.今天是雨天。
It's about 20 minutes' walk from here to the theatre.
从这儿到剧院大约20分钟步行的路程。
5. (l) It's hard for me to sing an English song.对我来说，唱英语歌很难。
(2)It's time to go to school/ It's time for school.该上学了。
(3)It seems that he has been ill for a long time.似乎他病了一段时间。
(4)It's clear that you are doing wrong.很明显依做错了。
(5)It's your turn to answer my question．轮到你回答问题了。
6. I feel it necessary to practise speaking English every day.
我觉得有必要每天都练习说英语。
专项训练
选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1.There is ____ water in the bottle.
A.some
B.any
2. There isn’t ____ tea in the cup.
A.some
B.any
3. I want to buy ____ apples.
A.some
B.any
4. Are there ____ oranges in the basket?
A.some
B.any
5.May I have ____ milk?
A.some
B.any
6.I will go to Shanghai ____day.
A.some
B.any
7.You can borrow ____ book from the library.
A.some
B.any
8.Mary drinks ____ milk every day.
A.some
B.any
9. Do you have____ questions?
A.some
B.any
10. Please help yourself to____ soup.
A.some
B.any
11.These aren’t ____ good ideas.
A.some
B.any
12.There isn’t ____ people in the room.
A.some
B.any
13. I have ____ English books.
A.some
B.any
14. I have ____ tea here.
A.some
B.any
15. Do you have ____ friends at school?
A.some
B.any
1.There are ____ pens in my bag.
A.many
B. much
2. There is ____ milk in the fridge.
A.many
B. much
3. There is ____ ink in my pen.
A.many
B. much
4. There aren’t ____ pencils in my pencil-box.
A.many
B. much
5.There are ____ sheep behind the tree?
A.many
B. much
6.Don’t eat too ____ meat.That’s bad.
A.many
B. much
7.Is there ____ apple juice in the glass?
A.many
B. much
8.Is there ____ water on the floor?
A.many
B. much
9.Are there ____ trees on the road?
A.many
B. much
10.Are there ____ desks in the classroom?
A.many
B. much
11.There isn’t ____ beef in the fridge.
A.many
B. much
12.There are ____ people in the street.
A.many
B. much
13.Don’t eat too ____ sweets.
A.many
B. much
14.How ____ eggs are there in the basket ?
A.many
B. much
15.How ____ is this skirt ? A.many B. much
代词综合基础训练
I .选出括号中正确的词。
l. This is _________ (my/l) mother.
2. Nice to meet _________ (your/you).
3.________ (He/His) name is Mark.
4. What's___________ (she/her) name?
5. Excuse___________ (me/my/'l).
6. Are___________ (your/you) Miss Li?
7. __________ (I/My) am Ben.
8. ___________ (She/Her) is my sister.
9. Fine, thank _________ (your/you).
10. How old is __________ (he/his)?
Ⅱ. 用所给词的正确形式填空。
l. These are__________ (he) brothers.
2.That is __________ (she) sister.
3. Lily is ________ (Lucy) .sister.
4. Tom, this is_______ (me) cousin, Mary.
5. Now ________ (she parent) are in America.
6. Do you know ________ (it) name?
7. Thanks for helping ___________ (I).
8. _________ (Ann)mother is _______ (we) teacher.
Ⅱ. 选出括号中正确的词将句子补充完整。
l. (He, Him, His) mother is waiting for_______outside. (he, him, his, himself)
2. _______ love country. (we, our, us)
3. (She, Her, Hers) is a good writer, but I don't read any books of (she, her, hers)
4. -Who is it?
-It's _________ (I, me)
5. Mr. Brown is a friend of . (my, mine, me)
6. -This is dictionary. ( my, mine, me) where is ________? (your, yours)
-It's over there, on the table.
7. The little boy is too young to look after_______ (him, his, himself).
8. I hope all of you can enjoy __________ at the party. (yourself, yourselves)
9. The children did the washing________ (himself, themselves)
10. These pens are ______ (you, your, yours). Where are_______? (us, our, ours)
11. Think for and you'll get the answer. (you, your. yours. yourself)
12. I want the manager , not his secretary. (him, her, himself, herself) .
13. Look at the photo. The girl beside _______is Nancy. (I, my, me,mine)
14. Yesterday was Dad's birthday. I gave _____ a scarf as a present. (his, him, he)
15. Please remember : Where there is a will, there is a way. (this, that)
16. He is ill________ was why he was absent at the meeting. (This, That)
17. --Who is ? (this, that, you)
--______ is Jim speaking. (It, This)
18. The flowers inside are more beautiful than outside. (ones, that, those, these)
19. With do you want to go? (who, whom)
20 -- _______ are you? (Who, What)
--I am a student.
21. --is that man? (What, Who)
--He is my teacher, Mr. Green.
22. is more interesting, this book or that?(What, Which)
23. There aren't students in classroom. ( some, any)
24. Look! boys are playing football. (Some, Any) .; 25. –Would you like coffee? (some, any) -Yes, please.
26. He has too work to do. (many, much)
27. How bottles of orange do you want to buy? (many, much)
28. Lily, Lucy and Kate want to stay here. (both, all) 29. _____of us hopes to have free weekends. (Every, Each)
30. Hold it in this hand, not _________ hand. (other, another, the other)
IV .选择正确的答案，并把序号填在括号里。
1. These are ＿＿＿books. Yours are over there. A I B my C me D mine
2. —＿＿＿ is she? — She is a teacher.
3.＿＿＿ is wrong with my watch. It has stopped ＿＿＿.
A Something, working
B Something, to work
C Any thing, working
D Anything, to work
4 . Mary, help ＿＿＿to the bananas, please. A you B your C yourself D yourselves
5. —＿＿＿ do you go to school every day? — By bus.
A How
B Why
C When
D Where
6 . My skirt is ＿＿＿ popular than ＿＿＿. A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers
7. — Can you speak English? — Yes, but only ＿＿＿.
A few
B a few
C little
D a little
8. Mr. Smith is an old friend of ＿＿＿. A I B me C my D mine
9. “ ＿＿＿do you hear from your parents?”
“About once a month.” A How long B How many C How often D How much
10. Mr Green wouldn't say ＿＿＿at the meeting. A everything B nothing C anything D something
11. “Mum, Ann's coming tonight. Let's give her ＿＿＿to eat.” “Good idea!”
A anything nice
B nice anything
C something nice
D nice something
12. — When shall we meet, this evening or
tomorrow evening?
— I don't mind. ＿＿＿time is OK. A Some B Neither C Either D Both
13. This is not her kite, but ＿＿＿. A he's B him C he D his
14 .Don't worry, Mum! ＿＿＿ news is good news.
I'm sure daddy will come back soon. A No B Many C Those D Two
15. Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She has ＿＿＿apples than he. A few B many C more D fewer
16. There isn't ＿＿＿in today's newspaper.
A anything interesting
B something interesting
C nothing interesting
D interesting anything 17 .September 10th is ＿＿＿ Day?
A Teacher
B Teachers
C Teacher's
D Teachers'
18. — In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway ” food. What about people in your country? —＿＿＿
A So we do.
B We do so.
C So do we.
D We so do.
19. — Shall we go into that shop and have a look? — Sorry. I won't. I have ＿＿＿to do there.
A everything
B anything
C something
D nothing
20.— Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? —＿＿＿ Sam ＿＿＿Bruce. It was the cat. A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or
21. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.＿＿＿are climbing
the hill.
A Others
B Other
C Another
D The other
22 .She is not a nurse. I'm not＿＿＿.
A also
B either
C neither
D too
23 .I have two pencils. One is red,＿＿＿ is blue.
A the other
B another
C others
D the others
24 .Sorry, I can't answer your question.
I know ＿＿＿about the subject.
A little
B a little
C few
D a few
25. My sister doesn't like skating＿＿＿.
A So do I
B So I don't
C Neither I don't
D Neither do I
26 .Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room,＿＿＿.
A you, he and I
B I, you and he
C he, I and you
D you, I and he
27 .All the students are busy, so＿＿＿of them will go to the concert.
A many
B little
C a few
D few
28. The teacher gave ＿＿＿student a new book.
A nobody
B both
C each
D any
29 Black is neither a teacher ＿＿＿a worker.
A or
B either
C nor
D and
30 .Our teacher gave us＿＿＿on studying.
A many advices
B some advices
C an advice
D some advice
31 .There are two foreign friends in the park. One ＿＿＿is from Japan, is from America.
A other
B others
C the other
D the others
32. Are there ＿＿＿on the table?
A some cups
B any cup
C some cup
D any cups
33. I've just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, ＿＿＿are American stamps.
A the other
B the others
C other
D others
34. It was＿＿＿ fine day that they went to the park.
A a so
B so a
C such a
D a such
35. At that time the train was slow and noisy. So
＿＿＿people liked taking trains.
A little
B a little
C few
D a
few
36. We must help and understand each＿＿＿.
A other
B another
C others
D the other
37 ＿＿＿is difficult to walk on the moon.
A Man
B One
C That
D It
38. Jane has sent several letters, but ＿＿＿of
them have been answered.
A all
B both
C either
D none
39. I don't know ＿＿＿about the new headmaster.
A something
B everything
C nothing
D anything
40.＿＿＿ of the students in the whole class could
do this physics question.
A No
B None
C Not
D Neither
10 数词
基础知识
一、数词的定义
用以表示数目或顺序的词叫数词。数词可以分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1，000，000 a million
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10，000，000 ten million
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100，000，000 a hundred million
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1，000，000，000 a billion
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety
10 ten
1. 1～12是独立单词，需逐个记忆。
2. 13～19是在个位数词的词干后加-teen构成。其中thirteen，fifteen，eighteen是不规则变化。
3. 20～90都是以-ty结尾。如：twenty，thirty，ninety等。
4. 21-99是在十位数词后面加上个位数词构成，中间加上连字符“-”。如：twenty-one，thirty-two，ninety-nine 等。
5.3位以上的基数词，在百位和十位之间一般要用连词and。如：l，135读作one thousand，one hundred and thirty-five。
英语中没有“万”和“亿”，在表示“万”和“亿”时要按十进位法来蓬≥。如：15,678读作fifteen thousand，six hundred and seventy-eight。
7. 1000以上的数字，从后向前数，每三位加“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion，然后每一节按百、十、个的顺序表示。
8．dozen表示“十二，一打”，score表示“二十”。
9．ten，score，hundred，thousand，million，billion这些词前面如有表示具体数目的词，就不能加s和of，反之则须加s和of。如：one hundred people 一百人，hundreds of people数百人。
10．与基数词合成的复合定语，其中的名词用单数。如：a three-month-old baby三个月大的婴儿，a five-year plan 个五年计划。
11.乘法运算的表示法，单复数均可。如：3* 5=15 Three multiplied by five is /are fifteen.
三、序数词的构成
序数词一般以与之相应的基数词加词尾-th构成，但要注意一些特殊形式。
第一到第十第十一到第十九第二十以上
first eleventh twentieth
second twelfth thirtieth
third thirteenth fortieth
fourth fourteenth fiftieth
fifth fifteenth sixtieth
sixth sixteenth seventieth
seventh seventeenth eightieth
eighth eighteenth ninetieth
ninth nineteenth hundredth
tenth thousandth
其他序数词的构成：
1.几十几及以上的序数词，其中十位数或百位数、千位数等用基数词，只有个位数才用序数词。如:
128th: one hundred and twenty-eighth
752nd: seven hundred and fifty-second
2．hundred，thousand，million的序数词均在基数词后加th构成，即hundredth，thousandth，millionth。
专项训练
一、写出下列基数词。
1.10
2.0
3.100
4.99
历年高考英语真题汇编_时态语态2.
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