六级强化翻译讲义——菜鸟课程范文
六级翻译强化提高班——菜鸟课程
主讲：董仲蠡
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出题形式
《关于大学英语四、六级考试题型调整的说明》
原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。
--全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会
2013年8月14日
翻译？
Translating is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.
——Columbia Encyclopedia
翻译本身一种错误？
Translation is like dancing with chains.
Translation is like a girl, the more beautiful, the more unfaithful.
Translation is the art of failure.
四六级翻译评分标准
分数档标准特征符合定义
13-15 译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。雅
10-12 译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。达
7-9 译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
信
大师如何说翻译？
译事三难：信、达、雅。
--严复
The standard of true;
The standard fluent;
The standard of beauty.
--林语堂
翻译本天成，妙手偶得之
STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in
privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.
--Francis Bacon
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中，其长才也，最见于处事判事之际。
王佐良译
Able was I ere I saw Elba.
我在到俄尔巴岛之前是有能力的。
在我看到Elba岛之前，我曾所向无敌。
不到俄岛我不倒。
弱至孤岛孤至弱。
孤至厄岛厄至孤。
困遇孤岛孤遇困。
若非孤岛孤非若（弱）。
落败孤岛孤败落。
Nobody grows merely by the number of years; we grow old by deserting our ideals.
年年有加，并非垂老；理想丢弃，方至暮年。
Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.
岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓唐必至灵魂。
--王佐良译Youth
翻译本天成，妙手偶得之
Never mind, I'll find someone like you.
毋须烦恼，终有弱水替沧海。
I wish nothing but the best, for you too.
抛却纠缠，再把相思寄巫山。
--Adele Adkins Someone like you
If I should meet thee, after long years.
How should I greet thee, with silence and tears.
-- George Gordon Byran
异化（foreignization）翻译：
多年后，如果我们相逢。
我将以何来面汝，以沉默以眼泪。
归化（domestication）翻译：
多年惜别后，抑或再相逢。
相逢何所语？泪流默无声。
归化：
《三国演义》二十一回：
操曰：“龙能大能小，能升能隐；大则兴云吐雾，小则隐介藏形；升则飞腾于宇宙之间，隐则潜伏于波涛之内。”
A dragon can assume any size, can rise in glory or hide from sight. Bulky, it generates clouds and evolves mist; attenuated, it can scarcely hide a mustard stalk or conceal a shadow. Mounting, it can soar to the empyrean; subsiding, it lurks in the uttermost depths of the ocean.
巧妇难为无米之炊。
Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice.
Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.
尴尬的翻译
人之初：At the beginning of life. (白话文：生命的起初)
性本善：Sex is good. (白话文：性是美好的)
性相近：Basically, all the sex are the same. (白话文：基本上，所有的性行为是差不多滴)
习相远：But it depends on the way you do it. (白话文：但还是得依照个人的喜好而为之)
思考
Always meaning to meaning.
Never word to word.
人之初，性本善。
性相近，习相远。
Man at birth,
Being of worth.
The same nature
Varies on nurture.
判断一下？
Red Cliff
红岩
All men are Brothers
都他妈是兄弟
Farewell, My Concubine
别了，我的情儿
判断一下？
要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。
信：If you want good skin, you should use Dabao every morning and night.
达：We can have a beautiful face by using Dabao every day.
雅：A fair face now, Dabao knows how.
汉语（通常情况）
1.修饰结构在前
2.分离可反复
3.主动居多
4.一句可多动词
英语（通常情况）
1.修饰结构在后
2.合并避反复
3.善用被动
4.动词要有主有次
做题步骤
1.调整语序
2.直接翻译（信、达）
3.美化翻译（雅）
试题演练
●我国的端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。
The Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Y uan.
●喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。
Chatting with cups of tea is the most popular way to spend time among Chinese.
●过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty.
●旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越大的注意。
Tourism is a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world, which now draws more and more attention of Chinese public.
思考：“是”？
“是”的翻译技巧
●世界贸易组织是成立于1995年1月1日的，目的是确保一个稳定的全球贸易经济环境。The WTO was founded on January 1st, 1995, which aims to ensure a stable environment of trading and economy in the world.
改变一下？
●《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。
Romance of Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese history novel (a novel based on Chinese history stories).
●大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。The competition among graduates has become more and more fierce, which results that the chance that any individual graduate finds a job has decreased.
●对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
For those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.
seek, seek; search, search;
cold, cold; bare, bare;
Grief, grief; cruel, cruel grief
Now warm, then like the autumn cold again
How hard to calm the heart!
I look for what I miss
I know not what it is
I feel so sad, so drear,
So lonely, without cheer,
How hard is it
To keep me fit
in this lingering cold.
——许渊冲
许先生也有逗B翻译：
Do not dance then! Have you not seen both plump and slender beauties turn to dust?
I love your temperament of the pine, and your character of the red plum.
I love your sugarcane in our hometown, which moistens my heart like breast milk.
合并详解
Being a secretary is different from what people would imagine.
Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.
Being a secretary, different from what people would imagine, is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.
mineral resources）是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。
Mineral resources, an important part of natural resources, are a major material foundation for the development of human society.
China, a developing country with a large population and a relative shortage of resources, depends on its own resources to meet the needs of construction.
(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大
Traditional Chinese Medicine, a crucial part of Chinese culture, has made great contributions to the development (and prosperity) of China.
多动句
春天来了，
花开了，草绿了，
河水化了，阳光洒在大地上。
我们来到了小河边，
来到了田野里，
来到了山岗上。
多动句（主语相同）
解题方法：
1、动词之间地位相同：V1, V2, …, Vn。
2、动词之间有主次之分：找到主动词，其他用doing或者to do。
3、不知道谁主谁次：用连词
●体重是我的大问题，因为它决定着我找男朋友和未来嫁出去的可能性。
My weight is a big problem because it determines the possibility of my finding an excellent boyfriend and getting married in the future.
●特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms (in order) to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
●对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。
For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc.
●大学生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。
College students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.
思考：
是否找个理由继续苟活？
还是展翅高飞保持愤怒？
无主句
松下问童子，言师采药去。
只在此山中，云深不知处。
（我）松下问童子，（童子）言师采药去。
（师傅）只在此山中，云深（童子）不知处。
补主语
I asked the boy beneath the pines,
He said, “The master has gone alone.
Herb-picking somewhere on the mount,
Cloud-hidden where abouts unknown.”
——林语堂
必须保证每天八小时睡眠。
We must guarantee eight hours’sleep every day.
经典案例赏析
山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。
There is a poem from the Southern Song Dynasty that reads: "After endless mountains and rivers that leave doubt whether there is a path out, suddenly one encounter the shade of a willow, bright flowers and a lovely village.
--Hillary Clinton
思考
生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。
We should live as an outstanding person,
And die as an outstanding ghost.
Be man of men while you are alive,
And soul of souls if you were dead.
——许渊冲
中国人与狗不得入内。
Chinese and dogs can’t go in.
Chinese and dogs are not admitted.
变被动：
必须保证每天八小时睡眠。
Eight hours’sleep must be guaranteed every day.
●整个义务教育阶段，要求学生在每学期期末参加期末考试。
Throughout the whole process of compulsory education, students are required to take final examination.
●因此，强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。Therefore, college students are strongly suggested to do…
Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.
+有、存在
There be
●中西方饮食习惯存在极大的差异。
There are great differences between Chinese and western eating habits.
Great differences exist between Chinese and western eating habits.
●必须保证每天八小时睡眠。
There is eight hours’sleep that must be guaranteed every day.
●通常，胡同内有一个大杂院（courtyard），房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住。Usually, there is a big courtyard in a hutong, and there are rooms for 4 to 10 families, about 20 people.
With rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people.
●中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧（Peking Opera）是一个具有代表性的剧种。
There are many kinds of local operas in China, one of which is Peking Opera, a representative one.
思考：其中？
●在当今世界上的190多个国家中，世界贸易组织的成员国（member country）有158个。There are more than 190 countries in the world today.
There are 158 member countries in the WTO.
The WTO has 158 member countries, of more than 190 countries in the world today.
●各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。
There are great differences of customs and traditions about the celebration of the Chinese New Year from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner
无主句
1.补主语
We must guarantee Eight hours’sleep every day.
2.变被动
Eight hours’sleep must be guaranteed every day.
3.There be
There is Eight hours’sleep that must be guaranteed every day.
总结
一、修饰后置
1.介词使用（of/to/in…）
2.定语从句
3.插入语或同位语
二、多动句
1、动词之间地位相同：V1, V2, …, and Vn
2、动词之间有主次之分：找到主动词，其他用doing或者to do
3、不知道谁主谁次：用连词
三、无主句
1. 补主语
We must guarantee eight hours’sleep every day.
2.变被动
Eight hours’sleep must be guaranteed every day.
3.There be
There is eight hours’sleep that must be guaranteed every day.
真题演练
14年12月六级1
中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都须获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育之外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源。这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。
中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都须获得大学文凭。
China will try to make sure that employees receive 13.3 years of education on average by 2015. If the goal is achieved, most people who enter the labor market will have to acquire a college diploma in the future.
在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育之外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。
In the next few years, China will make effort to increase the student enrollments of vocational colleges: apart from focusing on higher education, China will also seek new breakthroughs to ensure greater fairness of educational system.
中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源。这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。
China is trying to make the best use of educational resources. In this way, rural and underdeveloped areas will receive more supports.
教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。
Ministry of Education has also determined to improve the nutrition of students in less developed areas and provide equal opportunities for children of migrant workers to receive education in cities.
复习
对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
For those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.
14年6月六级1
北京计划未来三年投资7,600亿元治理污染，从减少PM2.5排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500多万辆机动车的尾气（exhaust）排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘。另有850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水（sewage）处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林（forestation）。市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反限排规定的行为。
北京计划未来三年投资7,600亿元治理污染，从减少PM2.5排放入手。
Beijing has planned to invest 760 billion yuan to tackle pollution in the coming three years, starting from reducing the PM2.5 emissions.
这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500多万辆机动车的尾气（exhaust）排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘。
The newly released plan is aimed at reducing four major pollution sources2, including the exhaust emissions from more than 5 million motor vehicles, the burning of coals in the surrounding areas, the sandstorms from the North and the local construction dusts.
Friends who really fall into oblivion, from which guilt is totally absent, are those who have received my reply.
--选自余光中《尺素寸心》
另有850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水（sewage）处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林（forestation）。
Another 85 billion yuan will be used to build or upgrade the facilities for treatment of urban garbage and sewage and additional 30 billion yuan will be invested in forestation in the next three years.
市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反限排规定的行为。
The municipal government also plans to set up a group of water recycling factories and stop illegal buildings in order to improve the environment. In addition, Beijing will punish more severely the behaviors that violate the regulations of emission limitation.
14年6月六级2
中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪（tuhao）和大妈（dama）都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。也就是说，土豪有钱，但没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但现在特指不久前金价下跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。至今已有约120个中文词被加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。
中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪（tuhao）和大妈（dama）都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。
Chinese hot words usually reflect social changes and culture, and some of them are becoming
increasingly popular in foreign media. Tuhao and dama, for example, are both old words, but they have gained new meanings.
土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。也就是说，土豪有钱，但没有品位。
Tuhao used to mean landlords in the countryside who oppress their tenants and servants, while now it refers to those who spend money without control or those who like to show off their wealth. That is to say, a tuhao owns a lot of money but has no taste.
大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但现在特指不久前金价下跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。Dama is used to describe middle-aged women, while now it refers specifically to those Chinese ladies who bought gold when gold price fell not long ago.
土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。至今已有约120个中文词被加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。
The words tuhao and dama may be included in the new edition of Oxford English Dictionary. So far, about 120 Chinese words have been added to Oxford English Dictionary, becoming a part of the English language.
其实还有很多……
人不犯我，我不犯人。
If I am not attacked, I will not attack others.
天涯何处无芳草！
There is fragrant grass everywhere.
She is not the only fish in the ocean.
班门弄斧
Play with axe in front of Lu Ban’s door.
Teach a fish to swim.
玄德久历四方，必知当世英雄。
You, General, have traveled all lakes and rivers; you must know who are the heroes of the present day.
翻译精讲精练
中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节（the Lantern Festival），即从农历（lunar calendar）最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联（couplets），对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。
中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。
Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday, which, in China, is also known as the Spring Festival.
新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节（the Lantern Festival），即从农历（lunar calendar）最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。
New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month.
各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner
为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联（couplets），对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。
It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck.
其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。
Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.
中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。
中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America.
过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty.
中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty.
2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。
In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday.
月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。
Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”, “good fortune”and “harmony”on the Traditional moon cakes.
中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的调和关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四
周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。
中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape, which includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials.
这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的调和关系的微缩景观。
These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature.
典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。
A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it.
漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting.
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一、常用句型 一)原因 1.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem). 2. The change in https://www.360docs.net/doc/652261982.html,rgely results from the fact that... 3. We may blame ...，but the real causes are... 4.Another contributing factor (cause ) is ... 二)比较 1.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 2.For all the disadvantages，it has its compensating advantages. 3.A and B has several points in common. 4. People used to think ...，but things are different now. 三)批驳 1．There is a grain of truth in these statements，but they ignore a more important fact. 2．Some people say ...，but it does not hold water. 3．It makes no sense to argue for ... 4．Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 四)后果 1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is ... 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon... 4. Its consequence can be so great that... 五)举例 1．A good case in point is ... 2．Such examples might be given easily. 六)证明 1．No one can deny the fact that ... 2．Recent studies indicate that ... 3．There is sufficient evidence to show that ... 七)开篇 1．Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 2．Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular. 3．Faced with ...，quite a few people argue that ... 4．According to a recent survey，... 5．With the rapid development of ...... 八)结尾 1. From what has been discussed above，we can draw the conclusion that ... 2. It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 3. With the efforts of all parts concerned，the problem will be solved thoroughly. 九)解释原因的 1.to begin with，then，furthermore，finally(强烈推荐) 2.to start with，next，in addition，finally(强烈推荐) 3.first and foremost，besides，last but not least(强烈推荐) 4.most important of all，moreover，finally 5.on the one hand，on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 6.for one thing，for another thing(适用于两点的情况) 十)前后连接词 then，therefore，consequently，accordingly，hence，as a result，for this reason，so that
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六级高分写作和翻译解 题策略 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
六级高分写作和翻译解题策略六级高分写作解题策略？ 一、解题技巧 写作解题时间为30分钟，分为三步：5分钟审题和构思，20分钟写作，5分钟检查可能犯的错误。下面分步骤说明。 （一）审题和构思 事实上提供给写作的时间不止30分钟。一般来说，各考场会提前5分钟左右将答题卡一发到学生手里，大一点的考场甚至可能提前10分钟发卷。这5到10分钟不允许学生作答，但考生完全可以用来做作文部分的审题和构思工作。注意审题一定要仔细，按要求写作，不得擅自改动题目，给定的提纲不得有遗漏，否则会按比例扣分。尤其注意，不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。如，2008年12月六级写作真题题目是College Students’ Mental Health，提纲为 1. 心理健康对于大学生很重要 2. 鉴于此，学校可以…… 3. 我们自己应该……” 而在考试之前我出过一道类似的模拟题，题目为“Psychological Problems Among College Students”, 提纲为 1. 很多大学生有严重的心理问题 2. 产生这些问题的原因 3. 如何解决这些问题” 可以看出，我给的提纲是按照比较规矩的三段论来的，即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”。但真题的提纲并未要求考生分析问题，反倒有两段要写解决问题。有的考生因为看过或背过模拟题的范文，就直接照搬，导致了失分。 另外，构思不是打草稿。并不建议学生练习写作时养成打草稿的习惯。因为考场上时间有限，打完草稿再誊写很可能来不及。另外，更重要的原因是考场上不发草稿纸，一般也不允许往里带纸，难以找到打草稿的地方。考生只要花三五分钟做一下构思即可，即想象一下每段大致写什么，可以记几个关键词（比如在准考证空白的地方）提示自己，在接下来的二十分钟里面按照这几个关键词提示的内容扩展就行。一般来说，要求不少于150词的文章最好写到180到200词，就句子数目来说，如果分三段，每段也就三到五句话，平均四句一段。那么整篇文章大约10个关键词就可以做好构思。以2009年6月六级写作真题为例。 Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.
历年英语六级翻译试题与复习资料
2012年六月翻译题及答案 82. ___________________ （他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twe nties 。答案：Their only son has n ever thought 83. Before you take any acti on, please remember to ______________ （权衡你的决定会产生的后果） 答案：weigh your decision against its possible consequences。 84. He assured his friend that un der no circumsta nces ________________ （他会违背还钱的承诺） 答案：would he break/breach his promise/commitme nt to pay back the money。 85. Most educators advise that kids ______________________ （不 要沉溺于电脑游戏）。 答案：should not be addicted to computer games. / should not in dulge themselves in computer games / should not aba ndon themselves to computer games 。 86. Busin ess major as he is, he has ___________________ （从 未考虑过从事推销员的工作）。 答案：never considered working as a salesman 。
大学英语六级翻译高频词汇
大学英语六级翻译高频词汇之节日篇 元旦New Year's Day 情人节Valentine's Day 国际妇女节International Women' Day 植树节Tree Planting Day 愚人节April Fools' Day 国际劳动日International Labor Day 中国青年节Chinese Youth Day 国际儿童节International Children's Day 中国共产党成立纪念日Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China 中国人民解放军建军节Army Day 中华人民共和国国庆节National Day 中国教师节Teacher's Day 万圣节Halloween 母亲节Mother's Day 农历正月初一春节(the Spring Festival) 农历正月十五元宵节(Lantern Festival) 农历五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival) 农历七月初七/中国情人Double-Seventh Day 农历八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival) 农历九月初九重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival) 农历腊月初八腊八节 (the laba Rice Porridge Festival) 春联Spring Festival couplets 年画New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cuts 除夕the eve of the lunar New Year 守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 放爆竹let off firecrackers 拜年pay a New Year visit 团圆饭family reunion dinner 敬酒propose a toast 红包red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper) 舞狮lion dance 舞龙dragon dance 灯笼lantern 灯谜riddles written on lanterns 灯会exhibit of lanterns 禁忌taboo 压岁钱gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift 祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 元宵rice dumpling 踩高跷stilt walking 扭秧歌yangge dance 扫墓sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones 赛龙舟dragon-boat racing 粽子zongzi (sticky rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) 月饼moon cake 赏月appreciate the glorious full moon 赏菊admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高climb mountain 大学英语六级翻译高频词汇之社会篇 小康社会 a well-to-do society 人民生活people’s livelihood 生活水平living standards 生活质量quality of life 住房条件housing conditions 文化程度educational level 就业率employment rate 人均收入average income per capita 年平均工资average annual pay 奖金bonus 生活费用cost of living 消费价格指数consumer price index 环境污染指数environment pollution index 衣食住行food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 购买力purchasing power 贫困家庭the needy family 贫困地区poverty-stricken region 下岗be laid off 小康relative affluence 安居乐业live a good life 共同富裕shared prosperity 社会保险social insurance 助学金grant-in-aid 赈灾救济金disaster relief funds 人口population 人口分布population distribution
四六级翻译分类整合上课讲义
四六级翻译分类整合
四六级翻译真题整合 经济类 1.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其实包括到2020年建成一个太空站。目前，中国是世界上最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年，中国超越日本成为第二大经济体。 China is one of the world’s oldest civilizations. Many elements which formed the basis of the modern world originated from China. Now, China has the world’s fastest growing economy, experiencing a new industrial revolution. It also has launched an ambitious space exploration plan, including building a space station by 2020. At present, as one of the world’s largest exporters, China is attracting a large number of foreign investments. At the same time, it has invested billions of dollars abroad as well. In 2011, China overtook Japan becoming the second largest economy in the world. 2.据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会，仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递能在中国扩展就不足为奇了。 It is reported that China’s courier service will deliver about 12 billion parcels this year. This will make it possible for China to overtake the United States becoming the world’s largest express market. Most parcels are packed with items ordered online. In China, there are opportunities for millions of online retailers to sell their products at competitive prices. Only on the day of November 11th, Chinese consumers have bought $9 billion worth of commodities on the nation’s largest shopping platform alone. China has many such special shopping days, so it is no wonder that courier service in China have expanded. 3.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。 2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。 随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。换句话说，核能是可以完全开发和利用的。 China should take a further step to develop nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of the total generating capacity. The proportion ranks 30th among all nuclear-capable countries, which almost the lowest. After the accident of Japanese nuclear power station in March 2011, China stopped its nuclear energy development, with approvals for new nuclear power plants suspended.