2021届老高考二轮复习英语小题必练：句法错误及行文逻辑错误(含答案)
常考易错点：
1）句法错误：如定语从句关系词使用错误，名词性从句引导词错用。
2）行文逻辑的错误：如连词使用不当。
1.（2020·全国I卷）First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
2.（2020·全国I卷）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
3.（2020·全国II卷）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.
4.（2020·全国II卷）Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
5.（2020·全国III卷）In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
6.（2020·全国III卷）For example, every morning, my dad has to have a bowl of egg soup while
I had to eat an apple.
7.（2020·全国III卷）I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
8.（2020·全国III卷）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
9.（2019·全国I卷）One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
10.This is the second time that I had seen her performance.
一、单句改错
1. English teacher asked me that what had happened to Jim after class.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2.This is the most gorgeous museum which we have ever built in our city.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.All the neighbors admire this family that the parents are treating their child like a friend.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5.What was reported in the newspaper that fewer traffic accidents happened this year.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 6.The spacecraft is hurtling around the Earth too fast that it counteracts the effect of gravity.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 7. The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and they had only one day in Montreal.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 8. She’s still mad at me, and that is because she refused my roses at the party.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 9. When asking how to finish the task perfectly in front of my class, I felt the confidence was very important.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 10. It’s a very touching story, and I don’t think you will read it with being moved to tears.
_______________________________________________________________________________
二、短文改错
Passage 1
Recently I’ve done a survey in our class on my classmates think of ads. The majority of my classmate take a positive attitude to ads in that ads do bring us convenient. Other students argue that being largely exposing to ads may lead to the sameness ranging from clothes, shelters to transportation.
From my point of the view, I prefer the former opinion to the latter for the following reasons. The first reason is rooted in the fact that there was various ads so that people have various choices. Secondly, with ads, that would be difficult to get across a product’s basic message. However, ads, instead of making people seem to be the same, contributes greatly to people’s better life.
Passage 2
There are many persons who help me a lot, among whom are my English teacher, Miss Liu. I still remember being asked in his class, but I fail to answer the question. I was so embarrassed that I burst into tear. She didn’t blame for me. Instead, she encouraged me with a smile, saying best way to face failure was to keep try and that no success could be achieved without failure. That she said struck me deep at that time, which made me study much harder than before. Now, as a senior three student, I make it my motto: Never give up, or you’ll succeed in time.
Passage 3
Our School Environment Club organized an activity naming Green Hometown on March 12. On that special day, our teachers as well as students gathered on the wasteland of the schoolyard when we would plant trees. We planted trees joyfully together, digging holes with tool. With the warmer weather there, everyone enjoyed the happiness of labor and sow seeds of expectations for the future. This tree planting activity provided with a good platform for the communication between teachers and us students. They enabled us to contribute to build a beautiful and green hometown together. At same time, we felt the new concept of contemporary China personal.
Passage 4
To be honesty, it was my older brother that inspired my passion for the violin. When I was
five years old, he came home from school one day with the violin and played it. I was green with envy and wanted to start immediate. My first violin is given by my violin teacher and I named it with the little dog called ToTo in The Wizard of Oz. Now, I am the youngest members of the Australian Youth Orchestra. Surrounded by much more older and more advanced players, I have no choice but try and keep up with both the level of playing and the musicianship around me. I often invite some of my friends which are not so into classical music to a concert and he love it. You just don’t have to be a musical genius to attend a concert.
Passage 5
The newly-built Sports Park lying in Nanshan District, which theme is “Making sports part of our life”, is to opened to the public soon. Cover an area of 30,000 square kilometres, the park was one of the largest modern parks in our city. It combine physical exercise with entertainment.
The Sports Park features a plenty of top exercise facilities which will meet people’s needs for doing exercise as well as convenient receiving professional training. What’s more, that is surprising that the whole park and facilities have been designed to be used on free.
People are welcome to visit the Sports Park or enjoy the pleasure of sports.
1.【答案】but改为and
【解析】考查连词。前后句是递进关系，故将but改为and。
2.【答案】unless改为until/till
【解析】考查连词。句意：我耐心地等着，直到油热起来。此处表示“直到”，故将unless 改为until/till。
3.【答案】such改为so
【解析】考查连词。so that表示以至于，故改such为so。
4.【答案】what改为which
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为引导词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，故把what改为which。
5.【答案】去掉and
【解析】考查简单句。这是一个简单句，前面in order to...作目状语，不用连词and，所以去掉and。
6.【答案】had改成have
【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语every morning，可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词要用原形。所以had改成have。
7.【答案】在forced后加to
【解析】考查固定句型。be forced to do sth.：被迫做某事，所以在forced后面加to。
8.【答案】what改成that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着妈妈做的所有食物。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是all the food，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，可用that 或which，先行词被all所修饰，只能使用that，不能使用which，且what不能引导定语从句，所以what改成that。
9.【答案】where改为when
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
10.【答案】had改为have
【解析】考查固定句式。句意：这是我第二次看她的表演。It is the first/second time+that+现在完成时态+其他。根据上文“This is the second time that”可知从句用现在完成时，故had 改为have。
一、单句改错
1.【答案】去掉that
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：英语老师让我课后去问问吉姆怎么了。分析句子可知，此句为宾语从句，what作主语引导宾语从句。故去掉that。
2.【答案】which改为that
【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：这是我们市建过的最漂亮的博物馆。先行词gym被形容词最高级修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。故which改为that。
3.【答案】在whenever后加I
【解析】考查句子结构。“whenever”为时间状语从句连词，在此引导的从句缺了主语，根据句意可知，此处应加主语“I”。故在whenever后加I。
4.【答案】that改为where或in which
【解析】考查定语从句。后面的句子缺状语，故该用副词或介词加关系代词来引导定语从句。句意：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，父母像对待朋友一样对待孩子。故that改为where或in which。
5.【答案】What改为It
【解析】考查主语从句。能够指代that引导的从句只能是it。句意：今年报纸报道交通事故低发。故What改为It。
6.【答案】too改为so
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：宇宙飞船正以如此快的速度绕地球飞行，以至于抵消了重力的影响。so...that...：太……以至于……，该句型是固定句型，所以too改成so。
7.【答案】在and后加that
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：女孩们告诉他，她们正在乘火车横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只有一天时间。因为这是由and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，从第二个宾语从句开始往后的所有宾语从句，引导词即便是that也不能省，因此在and后面加that。
8.【答案】because改为why
【解析】考查表语从句。根据句意可知，此处表示“那就是为什么……”，故应用why引导表语从句。故because改为why。
9.【答案】asking改为asked
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。因主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略，将从句补充完整后为：When I was asked...，asking表主动，所以应改成asked。
10.【答案】with改为without
【解析】句意：那个故事很感人，我想你读它时不可能不被感动得流泪。
二、短文改错
Passage 1
【答案】
1.第一句，在on后加what
2.第二句，classmate改为classmates
3.第二句，convenient改为convenience
4.第三句，exposing改为exposed
5.第四句，删去第一个the
6.第五句，was改为are
7.第六句，with改为without
8.第七句，that改为it
9.第八句，However改为Therefore/Thus
10.第八句，contributes改为contribute
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了作者对广告的看法。
1.考查宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，故使用what作引导词。故在on和way之间加上what。
2.考查名词的数。同学肯定不止一个。故将classmate改为classmates。
3.考查名词。bring sb sth为固定搭配，意为带给某人某物，此处应使用名词。故将convenient 改为convenience。
4.考查过去分词。根据being和句意可知此处应为被动的意思，故应该使用expose的被动形式，expose的过去分词为exposed。故将exposing改为exposed。
5.考查固定短语。one’s point of view为固定搭配，意为“某人的观点”，此处不应该有the。故将the删去。
6.考查一般现在时。由文章的上下文可知，文章使用的基本时态是一般现在时，此处无特殊情况，也应该使用一般现在时，故将was改为is。
7.考查介词。此处的意思应该为没有广告，应使用否定词。故将with改为without。
8.考查it用法。分析句子可知，此句如果使用that构成从句的话，该句将缺少主语。此处是it做形式主语，后面不定式做真正主语。故将that改为it。
9.考查连接副词。由句意，前文讲没有广告的好处，后文仍讲没有广告的好处，知此处没有转折的意味。Therefore和thus都意为因此的意思，有进一步递进解释的意思。故将However 改为Therefore或Thus。
10.考查主谓一致。ads为复数，与之一致，不应该使用动词的第三人称单数形式，故应该将contributes改为contribute。
Passage 2
【答案】
1.第一句，whom后的are改为is
2.第二句，his改为her
3.第二句，fail改为failed
4.第三句，tear改为tears
5.第四句，去掉for
6.第五句，best前面加上the
7.第五句，try改为trying
8.第六句，That改为What
9.第六句，deep改为deeply
10.第七句，or改为and
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述作者回忆英语老师帮助过自己的事。
1.考查主谓一致。从句中的主语为my English teacher，故谓语动词用单数。
2.考查代词。作者的英语老师Miss Liu是女士，故用her。
3.考查动词时态。此处应用过去时，表示当时的情况。
4.考查固定搭配。burst into tears为固定搭配，意为：失声痛哭。
5.考查介词。此处blame为及物动词，不需要介词。
6.考查冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词。
7.考查非谓语动词。keep后需加doing做宾语。
8.考查主语从句。此处主语从句需由what引导，在从句中充当主语。
9.考查副词。此处表示抽象含义，故用deeply。
10.考查连词。此处的语义应为顺接，故用and。
Passage 3
【答案】
1.第一句，naming改为named
2.第二句，when改为where
3.第三句，tool改为tools
4.第四句，warmer改为warm
5.第四句，sow改为sowed/sowing
6.第五句，删去with
7.第六句，They改为It
8.第六句，build改为building
9.第七句，在same前加the
10.第七句，personal改为personally
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了3月12日，作者学校环境俱乐部组织了一次名为“绿色家园”的具体活动内容以及这次活动的意义。
1.考查过去分词。分析句子可知，name与activity在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故将naming改成named。
2.考查关系副词。分析句子可知，schoolyard为先行词，在后面定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故将when改成where。
3.考查名词单复数。此处tool是可数名词，而且不止一个，应用复数形式。故将tool改成tools。
4.考查形容词。分析句子可知，伴随着温暖的天气，每个人都享受着劳动的快乐，播下了对
未来的期望的种子。所以本句并没有比较的意思。故将warmer改成warm。
5.考查一般过去时/动名词。此处sow与前面的enjoyed可以是并列谓语，要保持时态一致。另外，也可用它的动名词形式充当enjoyed的宾语。故将sow改成sowed/sowing。
6.考查动词。分析句子可知，provide sth for sb为固定短语，所以with多余了。故去掉with。
7.考查代词。此处主语是指platform，故用表单数的It来指代。故将They改成It。
8.考查动名词。contribute to为固定短语。to是介词后接动名词building作宾语。故将build 改成building。
9.考查冠词。At the same time为固定短语，意为：与此同时。故At后加the。
10.考查副词。此处应用副词personally修饰动词feel。故将personal改成personally。
Passage 4
【答案】
1.第一句，honesty改为honest
2.第二句，the改为a
3.第三句，immediate改为immediately
4.第四句，is改为was
5.第四句，with改为after
6.第五句，members改为member
7.第六句，把older前的more去掉
8.第六句，在try前加to
9.第七句，which改为who/that
10.第七句，he改为they
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我爱上拉小提琴的经历。
1.考查固定搭配。句意：老实说，是我哥哥激发了我对小提琴的热情。to be honest表示“老实说”，故honesty改为honest。
2.考查冠词。句意：我五岁的时候，有一天他放学带回家一把小提琴，然后拉了起来。此处泛指一把小提琴，故the改为a。
3.考查副词。修饰动词start用副词，故immediate改为immediately。
4.考查时态。句意：我的第一把小提琴是我的小提琴老师给我的，我用一只叫托托的小狗的名字给它命名。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故is改为was。
5.考查固定搭配。name...after表示“以……命名”，故with改为after。
6.考查可数名词单复数。句意：现在，我是澳大利亚青年乐团最年轻的成员。“I am”表明此处用可数名词单数，故members改为member。
7.考查形容词比较级。句意：周围都是更年长、更优秀的小提琴选手，我别无选择，只能努力跟上他们的水平和技巧。older本身就是比较级，前面不需要再用more，去删掉older前的more。
8.考查固定句式。have no choice but to do表示：除……之外别无选择，故在try前加to。
9.考查定语从句。句意：我经常邀请一些不太喜欢古典音乐的朋友去听音乐会，他们很喜欢。先行词为some of my friends，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故which改为who/that。10.考查代词。此处指代some of my friends，故he改为they。
Passage 5
【答案】
1.第一句，which改为whose
2.第一句，在to后加上be
3.第二句，Cover改为Covering
4.第二句，was改为is
5.第三句，combine改为combines
6.第四句，去掉a
7.第四句，convenient改为conveniently
8.第五句，第一个that改为it
9.第五句，on改为for
10.第六句，or改为and
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在南山区新建的体育公园。该园结合运动与娱乐为一体，是该市最大的现代化公园之一。在那里可以受到非常专业的训练，而且所有的设施都是免费使用的。
1.考查关系代词。句意：在南山区新建的体育公园将很快面向公众开放，其主题为“让运动成为生活的一部分”。分析句子可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，在从句中缺少定语来修饰theme，which在从句中不可充当定语的作用，故将which改为whose。
2.考查被动语态。分析句子可知，The newly-built Sports Park（新建的体育公园）是动词open 的承受者，因此需将主动语态改为被动语态。故在to后面加上be。
3.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句已经有谓语动词is，与前一句之间没有连词，
而且是逗号，所以Cover应该用非谓语形式，根据主语the park和Cover之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词作状语。故将Cover改为Covering。
4.考查动词时态。文章时态应保持一致。分析文章可知，文章使用了一般现在时，故将was 改为is。
5.考查动词。句意：这个公园将体育锻炼和娱乐融合在一起。该句中It指代前文中出现的the park，为单数，因此该句中的谓语动词应使用单数形式，故将combine改为combines。
6.考查固定表达。plenty of意为很多的、大量的，为固定搭配，a多余，故去掉a。
7.考查副词。分析句子可知，receive为动词，需副词对其进行修饰，但convenient为形容词。故将convenient改为conveniently。
8.考查主语从句。分析句子可知，句中真正的主语为the whole park and facilities have been designed to be used on free，需用it作形式主语，故将that改为it。
9.考查固定搭配。for free意为免费地，为固定搭配，故将on改为for。
10.考查连词。句意：欢迎人们到体育公园来，享受运动的乐趣。分析句子可知，visit the Sports Park和enjoy the pleasure是并列关系，不是选择关系，故将or改为and。
2018高考英语二轮复习专题五短文改错第2讲句法错误和行文逻辑错误靶向训练
专题五 短文改错 第2讲 句法错误和行文逻辑错误 [真题演练] Passage 1 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ) When I look at this picture of myself ，I realize of how fast time flies.I had grown not only physically ，and also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was took ，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time ：car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes ，playing pop music ，and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 答案： When I look at this picture of myself ，I realize how fast time flies.I had have grown not only physically ，and but also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was took taken ，I entered my second year of high school and become became a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things they that/which were very important in my life at that time ：car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference different kinds of cars and planes ，playing pop music ，and collecting the late latest music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your my high school days. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了由一张照片引发的作者对高中时光的回忆。 71．解析：词法错误。realize“认识到，意识到”，是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。 答案：去掉of
英语词组动词结构的句法研究_韩景泉
2018年1月第50卷第1期 外语教学与研究（外国语文双月刊） Foreign Language Teaching and Research (bimonthly) Jan. 2018 V ol.50 No.1 英语词组动词结构的句法研究 广东外语外贸大学韩景泉 提要：英语词组动词与介词动词之间存在一系列差别。在词组动词结构中，动词（V）与小品词（Prt）是以两个独立的结构单位基础生成的。在不及物句子中，Prt并入V，构成一个句法单位。当词组动词带有直接宾语时，该宾语被合并在动词的标志语位置，即spec-V，为Prt留下补足语位置。在Prt并入V之后，V便带着Prt一同移至轻动词 位置，由此得到小品词居于直接宾语之前的V-Prt-O语序结构。只有当V的PrtP补足语 为一个Prt中心语时，该Prt才允许移位。制约Prt移位的其他因素包括句末焦点和句末 重心原则，它们要求将新信息和较长或较复杂的结构成分放在信息结构的尾端。 关键词：词组动词、小品词、并入、句法推导、信息结构 [中图分类号] H314.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1000-0429(2018)01-0003-12 1. 研究问题 一些英语语法著作将动词与“小品词”（particle，Prt）的组合结构称为“词组动词”（phrasal verb）（见Quirk et al. 1985；Radford 2000）。与单词动词一样，词组动词也有不及物性与及物性之分，如例（1）所示。 （1）a. The plane took off. b. The girl put on her hat. 英语词组动词结构具有不少非常独特和令人困惑的表现。就其句子成分的线性结构位置而言，小品词既可与动词前后相邻，也可被直接宾语成分隔开，或宾语成分必须位于小品词之后。假如这些不同语序结构之间存在内在联系和转换关系，那么相关的句法研究就需要说明词组动词结构的句法推导方式与过程，所涉及的主要问题包括：该类句子的基础结构形式是什么？如何在此基础上派生出其他语序的结构形式？无论我们假设句子以哪种语序形式为基础结构，其中小品词的显性句法移位是肯定的，而且受到一定的条件限制。与此直接相关
现代汉语 常见的语法错误
第十节常见的语法错误 我们在写作中出现的语法错误是各种各样的。有些语病，如“词类误用”、“复句组织中的毛病”、“虚词使用不当”等，我们已经在有关章节（分别在第二节、第八节、第九节）里谈得比较集中，比较充分，在这一节里就不再谈了。有些语病，如“搭配不当”、“残缺”、“词语位置不当”等，虽也已分别在前面几节里谈到过，但考虑到一般在写作中犯这些方面的毛病比较多，前面又是分散着谈的，这里有集中谈一下的必要，所以这里将不避重复，再作进一步的说明。此外，在这一节里我们还想谈谈在指代和数量表达方面的问题，因为这方面的毛病也比较常见。 一句法成分搭配不当 所谓句法成分搭配不当，是指句子中密切相关的句法成分，如主语和谓语、述语和宾语、定语和中心语、状语和中心语等，在组织句子时，由于没有注意照顾它们之间的配合，结果造成了搭配不当的毛病。 （一）主语和谓语搭配不当 主谓搭配不当是常见的毛病。请看下面的例子： （1）*修建高速公路是很必要的，但是应该看到，我们国家的经济基础还比较低，还不能一下子省与省之间都通高速公路。（报） （2）*生活告诉人们：急躁的人，事情一旦办不成，往往容易转化为灰心丧气。（刊）例（1）“经济基础”不能与“低”搭配。如果要保留“经济基础”，可以将“低”改为“薄弱”；如果要保留“低”，可以将“经济基础”改为“经济发展水平”。例（2）“人……转化为……灰心丧气”显然不通。“转化为”三个字完全是多余的，应删去。 有些主语与谓语搭配不当的毛病比较隐晦，需要作些分析才能发现。例如：（3）*你刚18岁，正值青春茂盛之时。（刊） （4）*这篇通讯的作者有很好的理论修养，所以立意很深。（书） 例（3）“你……正值……之时”没有错，但“之时”前一加上“青春茂盛”这个定语就使主语“你”与谓语“正值青春茂盛之时”就不搭配了。人怎么能像植物那样“茂盛”呢？把“茂盛”删去，句子当然通了，但念着还是别扭。比较好的改法是，将“青春茂盛之时”改为“青春年华”。例（4）是个因果复句，单就每个分句看，似没有语法错误；但读者读到后一个分句“立意很深”，总觉着别扭。“立意很深”是陈述那个成分的呀？从句子结构上看，“立意很深”该是说明“作者”的，因为后一个分句是承前省略了主语，那省略的主语该是“通讯的作者”；但从意思上说，“立意很深”该是用来陈述“这篇通讯”，因为“立意很深”只能用来形容作品内容，不能用来说明人。所以这个句子的毛病也属于主谓搭配不当的语法错误。 下面的例子是主谓搭配不当的另一种情况： （5）*理论正确是衡量文章好坏的重要标准。 （6）*汽车本身质量的好坏，也是保证行车安全的一个很重要的条件。 例（5）主语“内容正确”是从一个方面说的，而谓语“是衡量文章好坏的重要标准”则是从两方面说的，不搭配。宜将主语改成“内容是否正确”或“内容正确与否”。例（6）刚好相反，主语是从两个方面说的，而谓语是从一个方面说的，也不搭配。宜将谓语改成“也是能否保证行车安全的一个很重要的条件”。 当主语或谓语是联合词组时，更要注意主谓的配合。下面的句子都有问题： （7）*一年不见，她的身体，她的业务水平和思想水平都比先前提高了许多。（刊）（8）*由于该县领导严重忽视安全生产，以致劳动者生命和财产遭受巨大损失的事
高考句法错误精编版
高考句法错误 公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
more friends we have, the more we can learn from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. (2014) are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon .(2014) father is?hardworking but goes to work in the field every day.(2013) had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. (2013) 's more, we can go to work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy smaller cars that bum less oil.(2012) was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize in the Story Writing Show. All I had to do was to write a story or present it.(2010) market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to our middle school is still there.(2009) 8. I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was held up on my way back. (2009) came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light . (2006) ’d like to stay there for half a month, visiting places of interest or practicing my English as well. (2008)
英语句法基本知识
英语句法基本知识 一．英语基本句型 ◆⑴表示主语的状态、特征合身份的系动词be，look，seem， appear ，feel，smell，taste，sound； ★常见的系动词有◆⑵表示主语从一种状态到另一种状态，但侧重于转变后的结果 的系动词become，turn ，come。go，get，grow，fall，prove； ◆⑶表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词keep， remain，stay，stand，lie, hold； ★常用作表语的词有:名词, 形容词, 非谓语动词, 介词短语, 从句等。如： 1．Seeing is believing. (_______ 充当主语和表语) 2．To see is to believe. (_______ 充当主语和表语) 3．She is disappointed at the disappointing news. 4．It doesn’t look as if we’ll be moving after all. 看起来我们还是不能搬迁。 5．The classroom looks amazing. 6．That looks like an amazing classroom. ? That looks an amazing classroom. 7．brilliant. It sounded /seemed like a brilliant idea. a brilliant idea. 8．It always seemed /sounded as though they would get married. 9．I seem to have left my book at home. 10．It seems that we still have a long way to go to catch up with the developed countries.要赶上发达国家我们似乎还有好长一段路要走。 11．There seems no need to be nervous about the first day at Senior High. 12．S he didn’t appear embarrassed at the embarrassing moment.. 13．The retired worker appears an enthusiastic person. 那个退休工人似乎是个热心肠。 14．She appears to be in her late thirties. 15．It appears (that) there has been some misunderstanding between us. ?There appears to have been some misunderstanding between us. 看来我们之间一直有误会 16．Y ou’ll feel better after a good night’s sleep. 17．Foreign guests feel amazed at the rapid development of China. 外宾对中国的快速发展感到惊叹。 18．Luckily, I was feeling in a good mood. 19．Standing there on the stage I felt a complete fool. 站在台上我感觉自己是十足的傻瓜。 20．I felt like a complete fool. 21．Her head felt as if / though it would burst. 22．This wallet feels (to me) like leather.
英语作文写作中常见的9种句法错误
英语作文写作中常见的9种句法错误 一、词性误用 词性误用常表现为：介词错用为动词，形容词错用为副词，名词错用为动词等。 例：They eam some money so that they can independence.他们挣钱是为了自立。 解析：independence是名词，句中误用为动词。 改为：They eam some money so that they can be independent. 二、修饰语错位 英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语放在句子中不同的位置，可能会引起句子含义的变化。这一点常被同学们所忽视，因而造成了不必要的误解。 例：I believe I can do it well and l will better know the world outside the campus.我相信我会做得很好，而且我将对校园外的世界有更好的了解。 解析：better位置不当，应置于句末。 改为：I believe I can do it well and l will know the world outside the campus better. 三、句子不完整 在口语中，交际双方可借助手势、语气等来理解对方的意思，不完整的句子也完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这常常发生在主句写完以后，学生又想加些补充说明的情况下。 例：There are many ways to know the society. For example, by TV, radio, newspaper and soon.了解社会的途径有很多，比如，可以通过电视、广播、报纸，等等。 解析：本段后半部分“For example，by TV，radio，newspaper and so on．”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句。 改为：There are many ways to know society,for example,by TV,radio,and newspaper. 四、主谓不一致 英语的谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。由于受汉语的影响，许多同学在写作时经常忽略句子的主谓一致关系，从而造成错误。 例：Once one have money，he can do what he want to do.人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么。解析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has；同理，want应改为wants，本句是典型的主谓不一致。 改为：Once one has money,he can do what he wants to do. 五、指代不清 指代不清主要指代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。 例l:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。 解析：读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把容易引起误解的代词加以明确，意思就一目了然了。 改为：Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
C语言命语法错误大全
fatal error C1004:unexpected end of file found 未找到文件末尾（可能是括号匹配问题） fatal error C1021:invalid preprocessor command'1nclude' 无效的编译预处理命令'1nclude' fatal error C1083:Cannot open include file:'stdi.h':No such file or directory 不能打开头文件'stdi.h'，文件或文件夹不存在 error C2101:'&'on constant 不能计算常量的地址 error C2059:syntax error:'while' 在'while'附近，存在语法错误 error C2061:syntax error:identifier'x' 标识符x的附近，存在语法错误 error C2065:'i':undeclared identifier 变量i未定义 error C2078:too many initializers 数组/结构等变量初始化时的数据太多 error C2087:'
新高考2020版高考英语二轮复习第二编三短文改错考法2句法错误练习新人教版
考法2句法错误 语篇出处：2019年全国卷川语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：职业梦想
I've had mftiiy dre^rih* sin-ce 1 训?呂 A fhilcL Now my dreflrn 詁 io 空亡口吕 a cafe. Though it may a|ppear simple* il required a lot of ide- ◎□肚口 ^requires ns and 检 What 】warn is not ju^l nn ordiiu&rily cnfe but A very 2 ordinal special one. 1 warn my cafe A have 普? 常见的汉语语法错误 一句法成分搭配不当 所谓句法成分搭配不当，是指句子中密切相关的句法成分，如主语和谓语、述语和宾语、定语和中心语、状语和中心语等，在组织句子时，由于没有注意照顾它们之间的配合，结果造成了搭配不当的毛病。 （一）主语和谓语搭配不当 主谓搭配不当是常见的毛病。请看下面的例子： （1）*修建高速公路是很必要的，但是应该看到，我们国家的经济基础还比较低，还不能一下子省与省之间都通高速公路。 （2）*生活告诉人们：急躁的人，事情一旦办不成，往往容易转化为灰心丧气。 例（1）“经济基础”不能与“低”搭配。如果要保留“经济基础”，可以将“低”改为“薄弱”；如果要保留“低”，可以将“经济基础”改为“经济发展水平”。例（2）“人……转化为……灰心丧气”显然不通。“转化为”三个字完全是多余的，应删去。 有些主语与谓语搭配不当的毛病比较隐晦，需要作些分析才能发现。例如： （3）*你刚18岁，正值青春茂盛之时。 （4）*这篇通讯的作者有很好的理论修养，所以立意很深。 例（3）“你……正值……之时”没有错，但“之时”前一加上“青春茂盛”这个定语就使主语“你”与谓语“正值青春茂盛之时”就不搭配了。人怎么能像植物那样“茂盛”呢？把“茂盛”删去，句子当然通了，但念着还是别扭。比较好的改法是，将“青春茂盛之时”改为“青春年华”。例（4）是个因果复句，单就每个分句看，似没有语法错误；但读者读到后一个分句“立意很深”，总觉着别扭。“立意很深”是陈述那个成分的呀？从句子结构上看，“立意很深”该是说明“作者”的，因为后一个分句是承前省略了主语，那省略的主语该是“通讯的作者”；但从意思上说，“立意很深”该是用来陈述“这篇通讯”，因为“立意很深”只能用来形容作品内容，不能用来说明人。所以这个句子的毛病也属于主谓搭配不当的语法错误。 下面的例子是主谓搭配不当的另一种情况： COMMON GRAMMER MISTAKE 1、The invention of computers make people live more comfortable and convenient. 2、Many traffic accidents occurred is the result of careless. 3、By comparison, nuclear energy has some distinctive advantages, such as, it is very clean and cheap. 4、Some people claim that fast food will instead of traditional food. 5、Despite he is very diligent at study; he stills cannot pass the TOEFL test. 6、Though the Internet has many benefits, but it also has some drawbacks. 7、Under his help, we past the TOEFL test. 8、The true fact is he never offers help to others. 9、There are many people plan to study abroad. 10、When talking to the interviewer, my heart was beating very fast. 11、The amount of bikes will decline in ten years. 12、Smoking is harmful for your body. On the one hand, it can cause lung cancer. On the other hand, it can increase the chances of having a miscarriage if a woman is pregnant. 13、The reason why people live in cities is because the city life is more convenient and colorful. 14、People think develop space research will spend a huge number of money. 15、Now people go abroad becomes very easy. 16、There are many medical reports reveal that keeping pet can prevent heart 1.The more friends we have, the more we can learn from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. (2014) 2.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon .(2014) 3.My father is hardworking but goes to work in the field every day.(2013) 4.He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. (2013) 5.What's more, we can go to work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy smaller cars that bum less oil .(2012) 6.It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize in the Story Writing Show. All I had to do was to write a story or present it.(2010) 7.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to our middle school is still there.(2009) 8. I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was h 再论“空间句法”（图文整理详细版） 作者：张愚王建国 国内建筑界对空间句法的了解，多数仅限于由赵冰翻译的《空间句法——城市新见》一文[1]。发表于1985年第一期《新建筑》上的这篇文章，简要介绍了早期的空间句法方法在城市空间形态研究方面的应用，但未全面介绍其方法背景、原理和其他应用，因此，至今很多人仍颇有不解或“持保留态度”[2]。多年来，空间句法在各方面已有长足发展，国内杂志却鲜有论及。本文试图比较清晰地介绍和评析空间句法的理论、方法、实践及其最新研究进展。 简单地说，空间句法是一种通过对包括建筑、聚落、城市甚至景观在内的人居空间结构的量化描述，来研究空间组织与人类社会之间关系的理论和方法（Bafna, 2003）。它是由伦敦大学巴利特学院的比尔•希列尔（Bill Hillier）、朱利安妮•汉森（Julienne Hanson）等人发明的。早在1974年，希列尔就用“句法”一词来代指某种法则，以解释基本的但又是根本不同的空间安排如何产生[3]。到1977 年，空间句法研究则略具雏形。经过二十余年的发展，空间句法理论已经深入到对建筑和城市的空间本质与功能的细致研究之中，并得到不断完善；由此开发出的一整套计算机软件，可用于建成环境各个尺度的空间分析；而且在建筑和城市设计中进行了广泛的应用。如今，空间句法的研究和应用已经在世界范围内普遍展开。 1997年，首届世界性的空间句法研讨会在伦敦举行；其后于1999年和2001年又在巴西利亚和亚特兰大举行了第二和第三届。2003年6月，在伦敦刚刚举行的第四届研讨会上，来自世界数十个国家和地区的82篇论文，从不同角度对空间句法进行了广泛深入的探讨。另外，日趋成熟的空间句法分析技术，已经成功应用于商业咨询。理查德•罗杰斯、诺曼•福斯特、泰瑞•法雷尔等知名事务所，在众多建筑和城市设计项目中雇请空间句法咨询公司进行空间分析，为其设计提供了有力的引导和支持。 由于篇幅所限，本文以解释构形概念为主线，重点从空间知觉的角度简析空间句法的方法原理，使读者能真正理解并实际运用它；而对于空间句法的理论概念和具体应用成果仅作扼要介绍。 1. 构形与建筑学 1.1 构形的含义 构形（configuration），从字面上看，是指“轮廓由其各部分或元素配置决定的外形”（据美国传统辞典）。希列尔将构形定义为“一组相互独立的关 粤语句法的类型学特点,刘丹青,原载香港 《亚太语文教育学报》2001年2期 粤语句法的类型学特点* 刘丹青 0. 引言 粤方言是汉语中与普通话及其他方言相差较大、内部则较为一致的方言。外部差异较大，是因为粤方言由南岭之隔造成较长时间的相对独立发展。内部较为一致，则是因为其中的广州话获得了地方标准语的强势方言地位。广州话扩散至香港，又使相隔数百里的两大都会共一地点方言，形成汉语非官话区中独一无二的奇观，进一步扩大了粤语的影响。“省港”地区出去的华人华侨及港产文化娱乐产品还把粤语带到世界各地，产生国际影响。本文所谈的粤语，就是指这种穗港及深圳、澳门等处共同使用的通行粤语。 粤语研究因为其强势地位而较为繁荣，粤语相对于普通话而言语法特点也比较多，因此有关粤语语法的研究成果也就较为丰硕，如高华年(1980)、李新魁(1994)、李新魁等(1995) 等粤语研究专著都有章节作较系统的语法描写，还出现了数种粤语语法专著，如张洪年(1972)、Matthews & Yip (1995)，此外还有大量粤语语法论文。现有的粤语语法论著，大多侧重于描写，尤其注意粤语与普通话的语法差异。本文也想集中关注粤语区别于普通话及其他方言的语法特点，但想换一个角度，即从语言类型学的角度来比较粤语和普通话，通过提供更广阔的汉语类型背景来更深入地揭示粤语语法的类型特征，以便深化对粤语语法特点的认识。所谓语言类型学，就是以人类语言的共性及类型差异为目标的一整套理论和方法。它以大范围的跨语言对比为基本视角，不局限于单一语种的研究或少数几种语言方言的对比。本文借助类型学研究的现有成果来观照粤语语法的特点，主要是句法特点，因为粤语的类型特点更多地表现在句法而不是形态上。本文将分三步。第一，概述粤语的几项主要句法特点。第二，暂时离开粤语本身，讨论一下汉语整体的类型背景，为聚焦于粤语的类型特点准备好“幕布”背景。第三，在此背景下进一步讨论粤语句法的类型特点。 1. 粤语句法的主要特征 本节拟参考前述论著对粤语语法的描写，加上笔者对粤语的一些观察，简要概述一下粤语句法区别于普通话的几个主要特点。 1.1 量词作用突出，指示词和数词作用受限。 粤语的量词(classifiers)可以离开指示词或数词单独充当句子成 分。指示词和数词则不能脱离量词而使用。可见量词是句法上更为重要的词类。普通话则相反，量词总须与指示词或数词同现，不能单用，而指示词和数词有时可以离开量词单独充当句法成分。以往的描写较强调粤语量词的功能“扩张”，而不太注意粤语指示词、数词的功能“萎 常见英语语法错误 1．句子成分残缺不全 We always working till late at night before taking exams.（误） We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams（正）We should read books may be useful to us. （误） We should read books which may be useful to us. （正） 2．句子成分多余 This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. （误） One test ends, but another is waiting for you. （正） The driver of the red car was died on the spot. （误） The driver of the red car died on the spot. （正） 3．主谓不一致 Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. （误） Some think that reading should be selective. （正） My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. （误） My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. （正） 4．动词时态、语态的误用 I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. （误） more friends we have, the more we can learn from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. (2014) are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon .(2014) father is?hardworking but goes to work in the field every day.(2013) had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. (2013) 's more, we can go to work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy smaller cars that bum less oil.(2012) was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize in the Story Writing Show. All I had to do was to write a story or present it.(2010) market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore 商务英语信函的句法特征 1.Introduction 1.1 literature review This study focuses on the morphological and syntactic features of English business correspondences. In order to finish this study effectively, I read some related literatures and this helps me a lot. Now I shall do a detailed analysis about the literatures. In the article “the features and application of English business correspondences in e-time”, the writer explained his main idea in accordance with the traditional principle “seven Cs”, that is Completen ess, Clearness, Concreteness, Conciseness, Correctness, Courtesy and Consideration. This article can be divided into two parts. The writer firstly makes an analysis of the business correspondences and makes sure that the readers are clear about the layout of business correspondences. And then the writer states the unique features of business correspondences in e-time. “This part is divided into two sub-parts to analyze the features, one from the aspect of the form of business correspondences and the other f rom the aspect of contents”[1]. At last the writer states the meaning of his study. The article “the grammatical features of English business correspondences” by Gao Jiayong “talks about the features from five aspects”[2], but he viewed the features just from the syntax. Articles written by other people also account for the features, such as “the lingual features of business correspondences and several important principles” by Wang Yuanyuan, “lingual features of English in business correspondences” by Tian Lan and so forth. All those articles analyze the features from their own points of view. 1.2 purpose of this study My study aims to seek out the morphological and syntactic features of English business correspondences. Before my study, there have been many researches about this topic, but through my reading those articles, I find that they are more or less incomplete. So I intend to make an analysis as comprehensive as possible. Besides, as time goes by, everything is changing. The business nowadays can be somewhat different from that of before, and so are the English business correspondences. And they must have possessed some new features as they develop. This study also tries to find out these new features. To sum up the morphological and syntactic features of English business常见地汉语语法错误
常见语法错误
高考句法错误
再论“空间句法”(图文整理详细版)
粤语句法的类型学特点
常见英语语法错误
高考句法错误
商务英语信函的句法特征