(完整版)初中英语语法之动词的分类讲解加练习答案.doc
动词的分类
Present for Girlfriend
At a jewelry store, a young man bought an expensive locket as a present for his girlfriend. "Shall I engrave her name on it?" the jeweler asked.
The customer thought for a moment, and
then said, "No-engrave it‘To my one and
only love‘ . That way, if we ever break up, I
can use it again."
送给女友的礼物
在一家珠宝店里，一位年轻人买了一
个贵重的小金盒作为送给女友的礼物。
“要我把她的名字刻在上面吗?”珠宝商问道。
那名顾客想了一会儿，然后说道：“不-- 在上面刻‘给我唯一的爱’。这样，如果我们闹
崩了，我还可以再用到它。”
C-动词的分类
什么是动词
动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词
例如：
The boy runs fast（.这个男孩跑得快。）runs 表示主语的行为
He is a boy（.他是个男孩。）is 与后面的表语 a boy 表示主语的状态
动词的分类
一、动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
（一）、行为动词
行为动词（实义动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如：
I live in Beijing with my mother. （我和我妈妈住在北京。）live ，住
It has a round face（.它有一张圆脸。）has，有
（二）、连系动词
系动词亦称连系动词（
Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语
（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
系动词后不可接副词，接的是形容词。
大致分七种
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be 一词，例如：
He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is 与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）
I am fine.
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,例如：He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery此.事仍是一个谜。
3）表像系动词
用来表示 "看起来像 "这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look,例如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad他.看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste,例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall（asleep）, get
go, come, run. 例如：
He became mad after that自.那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达 " 证实 "，"变成 "之意，例如：
The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success他.的计划终于成功了。（turn out 表终止性结果）
7）使役动词：
let,have,make
The story make me happy这.个故事使我感到很开心。
[难点解释 ]
注意区别以下一些动词的用法，它们既可以作为行为动词，又可以作为连系动词。
1、look 看；看起来
He is looking at the picture.（他正在看这图片。）行为动词
It looks beautiful. （它看上去很美丽。）连系动词
2、fell 摸；感觉
1）I felt someone touch my arm（.我感到有人碰我的手臂。）行为动词
Are you felling better today than before?（你今天比以前感到好些了吗？）连系动
词3、smell 嗅；闻起来
My little brother likes to smell the apple before he eats it（.我的小弟弟喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻。）行为动词
Great! The flowers smell nice.（这些花闻起来多香啊！）连系动词
4、sound 弄响，发音；听起来
The letter “h” in hour is not sounded（.在 hour 这个词中字母 h 是不发音的。）行为动词
The gun sounded much closer（.枪声听起来更近了。）连系动词
5、taste辨味；尝起来
Please taste the soup（.请尝一口汤。）行为动词
The soup tastes terrible（.这汤尝起来味道太差了。）连系动词
6、get 得到，获得；变
There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can get one（桌.上有些香蕉，你们每个人可以拿一个。）行为动词
7、grow 生长，种植；变
Do you grow rice in your country?（你们的国家种水稻吗？）行为动词
It ’s too late. It’s growing dark.（太迟了，天渐渐变暗了。）连系
动词8、turn 转动，翻动，使变得；变
The earth turns around the sun（.地球绕着太阳转。）行为动词
When spring comes, the trees turn green and the flowers come out（.春天来了，树叶变经绿了，花儿开了。）连
上述句子中的动词如 grow、get、turn 等，既可以作连系动词，又可以作行为动词。如何来辨
别它们呢？有一个最简便的方法，即用连系动词 be 替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换的，就是行为动词。
例如：
The trees turn/are green when spring comes（.春天来临，树叶变绿。）
The earth runs around the sun（.地球绕着太阳转。）
这第二句句子中的 turn 是行为动词，意为“转动”。无法以 is 替换。
小练习：
1. _______ everyone here today?
A. Be
B. Are
C. Is
D. Am
2. Harry is older than I. But he _______ younger than I.
A. look
B. looks
C. looked
D. looking
3. It _______ like the singing of the birds.
A. sounds
B. looks
C. smells
D. tastes
4. This kind of cake tastes _______.
A. good
B. well
C. to be good
D. to be well
5.The children all looked _______ at the broken model plane and felt quite _______.
A. sad, sad
B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly
D. sadly, sad
1.C。当复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2.B。根据句意和前句时态，后句应用一般现在时。
3..A。根据语境，只有 sounds(听起来)符合题意。looks意为“看起来”，smells意为“闻起来”，tastes 意为“尝起来”
4.A。连系动词taste后应接形容词作表语。
5.D。根据句意，句中的look at是行为动词，所以修饰此动词时应用副词；在连系动词feel后应用形容词作表语。
（三）助动词
这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、
表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：
He does not speak English well（.他英语讲得不好。）
句中的 does 是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not 一起构成否定形式。
A dog is running after a cat（.一条狗正在追逐一只猫。）
句中的 is 是助动词，和 run 的现在分词一起构成现在进行时。
Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast （?他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗？）
句中的 did 是助动词，既表示一般过去时，又和动词have 一起构成疑问。
（四）情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它们不能单独作谓语，必
须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思
情态动词的主要特征
试比较下列几组句子，看情态动词的特点：
1、He borrows some books from the library（.他常从图书馆借些书。）
He can borrow some books from the library（.他可以从图书馆借到一些书。） can, 可以
2、I run fast.（我跑得快。）
I can’trun fast（我跑得不快。）can’t, 不会，不能
3、Must he go now?（他必须现在走吗？） must, 必须
Did he go last night?（他昨晚去了吗？）
4、They may be there（.他们可能在那儿。） may, 可
能 They werent t’here.（他们不在那儿。）
从上述四组句子中，可以看出以下几个特点：
1、can、may、 must 都有各自的词义，表示能力、可能、允诺、愿意、请求等情态，因词义不
完全，不能单独作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。
2、情态动词没有人称和数的变化。构成疑问句时，通常放在主语前面（见例3）；构成否定句时， not 放在这些情态动词之后（见例2）。可用它们的缩写形式（can’t, cannot, mustn’ t 等）。
具体用法
can, could 和 be able to
1、表示能力，例如：
I can speak a little Japanese（.我会说一点儿日语。）
She couldn’tspeak Chinese when she came to our school last month（.上月她来我校时还不会说中文。）
Be able to 代替 can, 也可以表示能力。但 can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时(could), 而 be able to 则有更多的时态形式，例如：
You will be able to talk with the foreign teacher in English next week（.下星期你将能与外国老师用英语交谈了。）
My little brother has been able to write.（我的小弟弟已会写字了。）
2、表示允许，准许，这时can 与 may 可以互换，例如：
Can/May I brother your bike tomorrow?
Yes, of course. You can/may use my bike tomorrow（.明天我可以借你的自行车吗？当然可以。
明天你可以用我的自行车。）
You can’ t smoke here（.你不可以在这儿抽烟。）
3、表示客观可能性，用在否定句和疑问句中表示说话人的怀疑、猜测或不肯定。例如：
He cannot/can’ t be there（.他不可能在那儿。）
Can this news be true?（这消息可能直实吗？）
4、could 除表示 can 的过去式外，在口语中还常代替 can，表示非常委婉的请求。这时could 和
can 没有时间上的差别。例如：
Could/Can you tell me if he will go tomorrow? （你能告诉我他明天是否去吗？）
Could/Can I ask you something if you are not busy?（如果您不太忙，我能否问您一些事情？）Could/Can you show me the way to the nearest hospital?（您能给我指一下去最近的医院的路吗？）
may 和 might
1、表示“准许”和“许可” ，这时可与 can 替换。例如：
May (can) I use your dictionary for a moment?（我可以借你的字典用一下吗？）
May I take these magazines out of the reading room? No, you mustn’t.（我可以把这些杂志带出览室吗？不，不行。）
He asked me if he might go then（.他问我他是否可以走了。）
2、表示说话人的猜测，认为某事“可能”发生，例如：
Where’ s John? He may be at the library（.约翰在哪儿？他可能在图书馆。）
Mr. Green hasn’t talked with her. He may not know her（.格林先生还未曾与她谈过话，他可能不认识她。）
以上例子中的 may be 是情态动词 may 加 be, 与 maybe 完全不同。后者是副词，解释为“或
话”。例如：
He may be at home（.他可能在家。）
Maybe he was at home（.或许他在家。）
3、might 除表示 may 的过去式外，在口语中还常代替 may, 表示非常委婉的请示或实现的可能性
较小。这时 might 和 may 没有时间上的差异。例如： Might (May) I speak to you for a few
minutes?（我现在可以与你谈几分钟话吗？）
Might I have a photo of your family?（我可以要一张你们的合家照吗？）
4、用于从句中表示目的，意为“以便能”、“使可以”，例如：
Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what’ s wrong with your teeth.（把嘴张大些，以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。）
He wrote down my address so that he might remember it well（.他把我的住址写了下来，以便能
记牢。）
5、在用 may 提问时，否定回答常用mustn’t 或 may not 表示“不行”、“不可以”。例如：
May I go now? No, you mustn’t. （我可以走了吗？不，不可以。）
Must
1、must 表示说话人的主观意志，表示义务、命令或必要、应当和必须等。现在式与过去式同
形。例如：
I must go to school today（.今天我必须上学去。）
He told me I mustn’t leave until my mother came（.他告诉我，在我母亲回来之前我不许离开。
2、must 表示推测，“一定是”、“准是”，例如：
They must be very tired. Let them have a rest（.他们一定是非常疲劳了。让他们休息一会儿吧。）Jack doesn’t look well. He must be ill. （杰克看上去气色不太好。他一定是病了。）
[难点解释 ]
1、have to表示“必须”、“不得不”，它不仅能代替 must, 用于现在时和过去时以外的其他时态，
表示说话人的主观看法，而且又表示客观上的需要。例如：
If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home（.如果我们末班车，我们将不得不走回
家。） The ship started to go down slowly. We must leave the ship（.船慢慢地开始下沉了。我们必须离开这船。）
2、在回答 must 的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’ t 表示“不必”，例如：
Must I return this book to you in two weeks?（这本书我两星期以后必须还你吗？）
Yes, you must（.是的。）
No, you needn’t.（不，不必了。）
need 和 dare
need（需要）和 dare（敢于）既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。
1、need和 dare 作情态动词时，只用于否定句或疑问句。 need无形态变化，dare 的过去式是 dared。
例如：
It’s warm today. You needn’ t put on your coat.（今天天气很暖和，你不必穿上大衣。）Need I post your books to you?（要我把书寄给你吗？）
How dare you say it’s unfair?（你怎么胆敢说这不公平呢？）
She dare not go out alone at night（.她晚上不敢一个人出去。）
2、need和 dare 作及物动词时，后常跟动词不定式。它们有人称、数和时态等形态变化。在构
成否定和疑问形式时与其他及物动词一样，要用助动词do, does或 did 等。例如：
He didn’t need to go to school today（.今天你不必上学。）
They needed an excuse and soon found one（.他们需要借口，不久便找到了一个。）
ught to 和 should
ought to 和 should 作情态度动词用，都是“应该” 、“应当”的意思。
ought to 语气较强，指客观上有责任、有义务去做某事，或按观念和道理也应对某事负责。
Should 指主观上认为有责任和义务去做，但语意不如ought to 强。例如：
You ought to respect your teachers（.你们应该尊敬你们的老师。）
We should be careful of others’ feelings.（我们应该尊重别人的感情。）
相当于情态动词的几个固定词组
had better（最好）
Shall I（ we）？（我 /我们可以这样做吗？）
would like （非常想），
Will/Would you (please)？（请你吗？）
used to（过去常常）。
It ’s late. I’d better go and lood for him.（太迟了。我最好去找他。）
You’d better not read books in poor light（.你最好不要在微弱的灯光下看书。）
Shall we start the meeting at once?（我们立即开会好吗？）
Will you get me some chalk?（你拿些粉笔给我好吗？）
Would you like some bananas?（来点香蕉好吗
小练习：
1. ---- Must I finish this novel this morning?
---- No, you_____.
A. mustn't
B. might not
C. don't have to can
D.’t
2. He didn't do well in the exam. He _______ hard at his lessons.
A. must have worked
B. ought to have worked
C. would have worked
D. has worked
3.Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought him __ Tom to go with him.
A. might have asked
B. should asked
C. must have asked
D. should have asked
CBD
二、行为动词（即实义动词）按其是否需要宾语，可以分为及物动词和不及物动
词。
（一）、及物动词
后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整，例如：
Give me some ink, please（.请给我一些墨水。）
If you have any questions, you can raise your hands（.如果你们有问题，你们可以举手，。）（二）、不及物动词
后面不能跟宾语，意思已完整。不及物动词有时可以加上副词或介词，构成短语动词，相当于
一个及物动词。例如：
He works hard.（他工作努力。）
Jack jruns faster than Mike（.杰克跑步比迈克要快些。）
Please look at the blackboard and listen to me（.请看黑板，听我说。）
He got and“ A” this time because he went over his lessons carefully（这次.他得了个“ A”，因为他仔细地复习了功课。）
[难点解释 ]
1、许多动词可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，他阅读中必须仔细体会和区别，例如：
Who is going to speak at the meeting?（谁打算在会上发言？）s peak, 不及物动词
Few people outside China speak Chinese（.在中国外很少人讲汉语。）s peak,及物动词
2、要特别注意有些动词英汉之间的差异。某些词在英语中是不及物的，而在汉语中却是及物的。
有时则相反。例如：
He is waiting for you.（他在等你。）
英语 wait 为不及物动词，汉语“等”为及物动词。
Serve the people（.为人民服务。）
英语 serve为及物动词，汉语“服务”为不及物动词。
小练习：
一、指出下列各句中划线部分是什么动词，并说明词义，例如：
All of us study hard.（vi. 学习）
1、He began to work at seven this morning（.）
2、I have left the key at home（.）
3、We must take the old woman to the hospital at once（.）
4、Billy felt very sad when he heard the bad news（.）
5、Think it over, and you will have a good idea.（）
6、Don’t hink of yourself ；think of others.（）
7、Mr. Black got angry when he saw Jenny come to school late again（.）
8、Please wash your hands before each meal（.）
1. work vi. 工作
2.left vt.把落在
3.take vt.带
4.heard vt.听见
5.think vt. 考虑，想
6.think vi. 考
虑 7.saw vt.看见 8.wash vt.洗
二、选择
1.-- How long may I ______ your book?
--For a week. But you mustn’t______ it to others.
A. borrow; lend
B. keep; lend
C. lend; borrow
D. keep; borrow
2.It won’t______ them much time to fly to Beijing from
Shanghai. A. spend B. use C. take D. pay
3.Mr Wang ______ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.
A. mustn’t be
B. may not
C. can’t
D. needn’t
4.–Do you like the music the Moonlight Sonata?
--Yes, it ______ really beautiful.
A. feels
B. sounds
C. listens
D. hears
5.Lily finished _______ the book yesterday.
A. read
B. reading
C. to read
D. reads
6.Mrs Brown isn ’t here. She has to ______ her baby at
home. A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after
BCCBBC
三、持续动词与瞬间动词
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。
（一）、持续性动词
表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的有 study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。
（二）、瞬间性动词
表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的有 begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等。以上已集中了初中教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬间性动词。
用法
1、以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时，表示动作到现在为止已结束，例如：
He has studied English for three years（.他学英语已有 3 年了。）
He has joined the Party（.他已入党了。）
Mum isn’t at home. She has gone to the library（.妈妈不在家，她去图书馆了。）
2、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，而瞬间性动词则不能。例如：
His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour（.他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时。）
My mother has lain in bde for 3 days（.我母亲生病卧床已经三天了。）
My parents have lived in Shanghai since 1950（.我父母亲从1950 年起就住在上海了。）
3、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常有两种方法：
（ 1）用意思相当的持续性动词来替换，例如：
He has been in the army/a soldier for htree years（.他参军已有 3 年了。）不能用 has
joined She has been up for quite some time（.她起床已有好久了。）不能用 has got up
Has your brother been away from home for a long time?（你哥哥离家已有好久了吗？）不能用 has left
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：
1、 go—— be away
2、come—— be here
3、 come back—— be back
4、 leave—— be away（ be not here）
5、 buy—— have
6、borrow—— keep
7、 die—— be dead 8、 begin—— be on
9、 finish —— be over 10、open—— be open
11、close—— be closed12、lose—— be lost
13、get to know—— know14、turn on—— be on
15、get up—— be up16、sit down—— sit/be seated
17、join —— be in（）或 be a member
18、become—— be
（2）用 it is since结构来替换瞬间动词，例如：
电影已经开映 5 分钟了。（两种方法）
The film has been on for five minutes.=It’s five minutes since the film began.
他离开上海已有 3 天了。（两种方法）
He has been away from Shanghai for three days.=It is three days since he left Shanghai.
这本书我还给图书馆已有两周了。（一种方法）
It ’s two weeks since I returned the book to the library.
他找到他妹妹已有多久了？（一种方法）
How long is it since be found his sister?
4、瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如：
I haven’t seen you for a long time.（好久没见到你了。）
[ 补充说明 ]
1、本书基本上已把初中课本中的持续动词与瞬间性动词罗列出来，可供教师参考使用。
2、关于持续性动词与瞬间性动词的用法，可以结合现在完成时的教学一起进行。
小练习：
一、选择正确的答案：
1、Alice has (come, been) back for a week.
2、His grandmother has (been dead, died) for ten years.
3、When we got to the cinema, the film had (begun, been on) for a few minutes.
4、The lights have (turned on, been on) for over half a day.
5、Have you (bought, had) the book on grammar for a week? Yes, since last Sunday
二、选择
1. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. had been invited
2. the past 30 years China ______ great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction.
A. has made
B. have made
C. had made
D. having made
3.I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.
A. don ’ t/had
B. didn t/have’
C. didn’ t/had
D. don’ t/have
https://www.360docs.net/doc/8a493765.html,e
2.died
3.begun
4.been on
5.had
AAC
T-能力提升
一、用下列动词的正确形式填空
1.My uncle enjoys ____________ (walk) after supper.()
2.You’d better _________(not come) late for school next time.()
3.He does not feel like ___________ (eat) anything today.()
4.My mother does not let me ___ (spend) too much time _______ (watch) TV.()
5.What about ________ (go) out for a walk? ()
6.You have a bad cold, soyou’d better __________(stay) at home.()
7. My father gave up ______ (smoke) last year.()
8.Thank you for ______________ (send) me so many stamps.()
9.Li Lei spends half an hour ____ (play) computer games.()
10.___ (not walk) to school tomorrow.()
二、选择
1. When he was at school, he ______ early and take a walk before breakfast.
A. will rise
B. shall rise
C. should rise
D. would rise
2. In the past 30 years China ______ great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction.
A. has made
B. have made
C. had made
D. having made
3.I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.
A. don ’ t/had
B. didn ’ t/have
C. didn ’ t/had
D. don ’ t/have
4. Mary is very late, she ______.
A. may miss her train
B. may have missed her train
C. must miss her train
D. could miss her train
5. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. had been invited
6. “ What did you do in the garden? ”
“I watched my father ______ his motorbike. ”
A. to repair
B. repaired
C. repairing
D. repairs
7. I don ’ t allow ______ in my office and I don ’ t allow my family ______ at all.
A. to smoke ? smoking
B. smoking ? to smoke
C. to smoke ? to smoke
D. smoking ? smoking
8. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
9. European football is played in 80 countries, _____ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making
B. make
C. made
D. to make
10. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be first playing
11. He was a good runner so he ______ escape from the police.
A. might
B. succeeded to
C. would
D. was able to
12. I hoped ______ my letter.
A. her to answer
B. that she would answer
C. that she answers
D. her answering
13. The dictionary _____ me fifty dollars.
A. spent
B. paid
C. cost
D. costed
14. － I’m sorry for _______ in time.
— That ’ s all right.
A. getting it not done
B. not getting it done
C. getting not it done
D. getting not to do it
15. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
三、完形填空
James is a Middle School student. He likes __1__ and hopes to be a pop star. He often __2__ some books about music and wears some strange clothes. And his hair is so __3__ that somebody thinks he’ s a girl.
One day the teacher __4__ something on the blackboard. But the young man couldn't __5__ anything. He was afraid and went to a __6__ after school. There were many people in the waiting room. He had to __7__. When it was his turn, he came in the doctor’ s __8__.
“What's wrong with you, miss?” asked the doctor.
“Sorry, sir,” James said with a __9__ face.“I’ m a boy. I have poor sight(视力 ) this week.”“Go to the barber’s(理发店 ) first, young man,” said the doctor. “I can't find your __10__ at all.”（）1.A. playing B. swimming C. studying D. singing
（）2.A. makes B. buys C. shows D. touches
（）3.A. long B. Short C. Nice D. yellow
（）4.A. read B. talked C. wrote D. counted
（）5.A. hear B. listen to C. see D. look at
（）6.A. river B. cinema C. shop D. hospital
（）7.A. wait B. stand C. leave D. finish
（）8.A. bedroom B. office C. home D. classroom
（）9.A. black B. green C. red D. white
（）10.A. ears B. eyes C. nose D. teeth
一、 1. walking 2. don come’t 3. Eating 4. spend, watching 5. Going 6. Stay 7. Smoking 8. Sending 9.
playing 10. Don walk’t
二、 BDACD CDA AC DBCBA
三、 1— 5 DBACC6—10DABCB
思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面
______________________________________________________________________________
高中英语时态 专题讲解
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通 过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
(完整)初中英语动词分类讲解及练习(有答案)
动词概述 一、实义动词 ■①及物动词与不及物动词 根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt. vi . They study hard. I know them well. 注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如： She sings very well. She sang an English song just now. 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once? She began working as a librarian after she left school. When did they leave Chicago?They left last week. 短语： ■②动态动词和静态动词 动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等；静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。 ■③延续性动词和非延续性动词 根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。 注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他离开这里三天了。 [误]He has left here for three days. [正]He has been away from here for three days. [正]He left here three days ago. [正]It’s three days since he left. ■④限定动词与非限定动词
初中英语语法知识梳理-动词
初中英语语法知识梳理－动词 动词是表示动作（study, find, swim 等）或状态（be, like, feel 等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。 一）助动词 助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall 等。具体用法如下： 1、助动词be的用法如下： 1）构成各种进行时态。如： It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天整天下雨。 2）构成被动语态。如： The meeting was held yesterday afternoon. 会议是昨天下午举行的。 3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如： They are to see an English film this evening. 他们今天晚上看英语电影。 2、助动词do的用法如下： 1）构成疑问式或否定式。如： Does he think so? I didn’t say anything about the result. 2)在动词前加上do, does, did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如： They do study hard. She does love him. He did want to help the old man. 3、have: 助动词have 的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如： He has lived here for three years. As soon as the sun had set they returned. 4、shall, should: 助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should 是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：I shall send ten letters to my good friend. She wanted to know if I should go to the palace. 二）情态动词 情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, need, should等。 表示能力 表示能力一般用can, could。如：Rose can speak now, but she couldn’t a week ago. be able to 也表示能力，它和can 的区别如下：
高中英语动词时态语态考点详解版
表格式一般现在时态和语态 2. Jenny (has) a good friend? 3. Brian （not live) in China. 4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park. 6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday. 7.He （help）the old man every week . 8.The old man （help）by him every week. 9.The building (visit) by many people every year.
一一般现在时 （一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （二）标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…), once /twice a week, on Sundays, （三）谓语动词构成： 1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”） 2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候： （1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形 （2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es． （温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句） （四）.基本结构： 1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的） He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. （主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s） Tom and Tim both have medium height. He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much. 2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance . He isn’t a worker. 3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t. Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher? 4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from? （五) 一般现在时态用法 （1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning. （2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。 eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理 eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （六）一般现在时态的考点：
英语动词分类讲解及练习(有答案)
一．动词概述 注：英语行为动词也可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词是必须带宾语的动词。可以分为两类：（1）及物动词+宾语（2）及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 My mother bought me a gift. (可以接双宾语的词有：give, teach, buy, l end, find, hand, l eave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, buil d, pass, bring, cook等 不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。有些不及物动词加上介词后变成及物性短语动词，后跟宾语。She did not reply to my l etter。 英语中接双宾语的动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱） post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb.sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 2、双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物
初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．When did your father your mother? A．marry B．marry to C．marry with D．get married 2．—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A．Is; like B．Does; likes C．Does; like D．Do; likes 3．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 4．A group of little ducks __________ their mother into the river and swim away. A．follow B．miss C．help D．cross 5．Our school basketball team ________ in the final of the basketball competition. Another team from No.5 Middle School ________ doing very well too. A．is; isn’t B．are; aren’t C．is; are D．are; is 6．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 7．—How much ________ this pair of shoes? —Five dollars. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 9．—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have 10．—Do you know whom they will have ________the parts of car together?—Sorry,I have no idea. A．fix B．fixed C．to fix D．fixing 11．Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A．is; her B．are; them C．are; her D．is; them 12．Many students are so crazy about mobile games that they lose interest in their schoolwork, which _________ their parents and teachers a lot. A．worries about B．is worried about C．worries D．is worried 13．Their eyes __________blue, but ours_________black. A．are; are B．is; are C．are; is . D．are; is 14．— Tom in the library? —Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too. A．Is;are B．Is;is C．Are;is 15．—Who are you _______? — My mother.
(完整word版)高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解
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