完整版英美概况练习参考答案解析美国部分

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《最新英美概况》

练习参考答案

（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）

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PART TWO The United States Chapter Eight The Land

P. 209—210

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 181

2.

2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner.

3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon.

thth4. June, 14, June 14.

5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government.

6. 36, 36 states.

7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence.

8. Pierre L'Enfant, light, service.

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C

2. D

3. C

4. A B C D

5. C D

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F

2. F

3. T

4. F

5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. (1) At first the Continent was named as “America”after explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

(2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies first used “the thirteen united States of America”in the Declaration of Independence .(3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when the

Second Continental Congresspassed the Articles of Confederation .

2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the

original thirteen colonies.

White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of

respect to God.

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3. The stars and strips have different meanings.

Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteen

colonies before the independence of America.

4. (1) The lyrics of the national anthem come from “Defense of Fort McHenry”,

a poem written during the War of 1812.

The poem was set to the tune of a popular British drinking song, “The Anacreontic

Song”(or “To Anacreon in Heaven”).

(2) The Star-Spangled Banner was used officially by the Navy in 1889, and was made the national anthem by congress on March 3, 1931, which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.

5. The White House was built in1792 and its original color was grey.

During the War of 1812, it was badly damaged by the British troops, and in 1814 it was repainted white.

President Roosevelt named it “White House”in the 1940s.

P. 213

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the central part of, Mexico and Gulf of Mexico, east, west.

2. 48, Hawaii, Alaska.

3. the Rio Grande, Pacific.

4. 9,629,091, the third, Canada.

5. Alaska, Texas.

6. Arctic, glaciers.

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T

2. T

3. T

4. F

5. F

III Answer the following questions.

1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provide convenient sea

routes for foreign trade.

(2) The long coastline with many harbors and inlets provides favorable

conditions for foreign trade and the fishing industry.

(3) Mainland America, mainly within the northern temperate zone, is favorable

for agriculture.

2. The U.S. and Canada share the “world's longest undefended border.”The border was demilitarized after the War of 1812 and has remained peaceful. Military collaboration began during World War II and continued throughout the Cold War

on both a bilateral basis and a multilateral relationship through NATO. Both

countries are NATO members and have high military interdependency, in

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particular, during the Cold War against Soviet threat.

Today Canadians and Americans are in close cultural proximity, sharing the same language, similar religion and political systems as well as many values.

Their economic relations are so close (they have been each other's No. 1 trading partner for years) that the two countries have established the North American

Free Trade Agreement, the world's largest free-trade zone. Both enjoy the most developed and richest economies in the world as well as a comparable standard

of living (Canada's welfare system is even more comprehensive and covers more widely).

To guard the over 8000-kilometer long land border is not only expensive but

also unnecessary (in a sense, impossible, because it is too long), because

neither people worry that their neighbors would cross the border on a large

scale or stay in their country for a long time.

3. The border between the U.S. and Mexico is heavily guarded (mostly on the American side) against illegal immigrants entering the U.S. while people can enter Mexico freely. The cause is mostly economic rather than political. There is a huge

disparity in the standard of living between the U.S. and Mexico whose per capita GDP is only about 20% that of the U.S. (2012 World Bank statistics). It is

estimated six out of the eleven million illegal immigrants living in the U.S.

are Mexicans, and millions more plan to enter the U.S. They try to benefit from the American business or job opportunities or from the American welfare system or even to engage in drug-trafficking and smuggling. Another purpose is to combat crime and terrorism, particularly after the 9.11 terrorist attacks. The

U.S.-Mexican border areas witness the most serious drug-trafficking and gang violence in the world. Some Mexicans, in particular those haunted by the serious drug-related violence in recent years, try to escape from the violence in Mexico by moving to the U.S. In a word, if the US-Mexico border is open and unguarded as the U.S.-Canada border, there would be millions of Mexicans trying to migrate to America so that the consequent problems would be very difficult for the U.S. deal with.

4. Alaska, facing Russia across Bering Strait, is located between the Arctic and Pacific oceans, so it's important for strategic position and transportation.

5. Hawaii, like a chain of beads, is located in the central Pacific Ocean, the

best place to enjoy the oceanic scenery.

It is famous for natural scenery: white beach, blue sky, and palm trees, etc.

The famous Pacific Fleet is located at Pearl Harbor, Oahu Island.

P. 221—222

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Lake Superior, Erie, Ontario.

2. Columbia Plateau, the Great Canyon.

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3. the Rockies, the father of waters.

4. dairy farming, Harvard, Yale, MIT.

5. Death Valley, Great Salt Lake.

6. 38, Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful.

7. 4,800, British Columbia, the backbone of the continent, Mt. Elbert.

8. Hoover Dam, The Rio Grande, Ruhr.

9. half, “Barn of America”, Great Lakes.

10. dividing line, Lake Erie, New York.

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. A B C

2. D

3. A D

4. A B

5. D

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F

2. T

3. F

4. T

5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States