北京四中高考英语动词短语(一)
北京四中高考英语常考短语
一、短语动词
一些动词与介词或副词等连用在一起构成固定词组，叫做短语动词。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。短语动词的结构有：
1.“动词+介词”（相当于及物动词）
He looked after us very well. 他把我们照顾得很好。
2.“动词+副词”（包括两种情况）
a）用作不及物动词The engine broke down. 发动机坏了。
b）用作及物动词Hurry up! Put your coat on！快点！把外衣穿上！
注：“动词+副词”型短语动词的宾语若为代词，必须放在副词前，若为名词则放在副词前后均可。
give it up 放弃它
give up the chance/give the chance up 放弃机会
本书中，对这类短语动词标示为：give sth ? up
3.“动词+副词+介词”（相当于及物动词）
I look forward to hearing from you. 盼望收到你的来信。
4.“动词+名词+介词”（相当于及物动词）
Please pay attention to what I’m saying. 请注意听我讲的话。
5.“be+形容词+介词”
She is fond of music. 她爱好音乐。
abandon yourself to sth
陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）：He abandoned himself to despair. 他陷入绝望。
account for sth
1) 解释；说明：How do you account for the fact that the box has disappeared? 盒子不见了，你如何解释？
2) 是…的原因：The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd. 天气不好可能是人来的少的原因。
3)（数量上、比例上）占：Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population. 非洲裔美国人占美国人口的12%。【注：take up sth 占据一定的时间或空间】
adapt to sth; adapt yourself to sth
适应（新情况）：The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. 孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。 ◇ How do these insects adapt themselves to new environments? 这些昆虫是如何适应新环
境的？
adapt sth for sth
改编；改写：Three of her novels have been adapted for television. 她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视剧。
add to sth
to make a feeling or quality stronger and more noticeable 增加，增添（某种情绪或品质）：Taking the children with us would only add to our problems.
带上孩子只会给我们添乱。◇Her colleagues‘ laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment. 她的同事们笑了起来，这使她更加窘迫了。
address yourself to sth
设法解决；处理；对付：We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution. 我们必须设法解决交通污染问题。
agree on sth
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短语动词
to make a decision with someone after a discussion with them （对…）达成一致；商定：They managed to agree on a date for the wedding. 他们总算商定了婚期。
agree to sth
同意，答应（提议、计划、安排等）：Do you agree to the plan? 你同意这个计划吗？ ◇ We agreed to their proposal. 我们同意了他们的提议。
agree with sb (about/on sth); agree with sth
to have the same opinion as sb 同意；赞成：If she felt he was right, she would agree with him. 如果她感觉他是对的，她就会同意他的看法。◇He agreed with them about the need for change. 他同意他们需要变革的意见。 ◇ I agree with her analysis of the situation. 我赞成她对形势的分析。
◇ Most of us do not agree with your opinions. 我们当中多数人不同意你的意见。
【注：不要说agree sb’s opinion或agree to sb’s opinion，而要说agree with sb’s opinion】
agree with sb
（某种食物）适合（某人），与（某人）相宜：Mushrooms don’t agree with me. 我吃了蘑菇会不舒服。
agree with sth
to be the same as sth（与…）一致，相符：Your account of the accident does not agree with hers. 你对事故的叙述与她的叙述不一致。
allow for sb/sth
考虑到；估计到；把…计算在内：It will take about an hour to get there, allowing for the traffic delays.
考虑到交通阻塞，到那里大约需要一小时。 ◇ All these factors must be allowed for. 所有这些因素都必须估计进去。
allow of sth
to make sth possible 容许；使有可能：The facts allow of only one explanation. 这些事实只可能有一种解释。
answer for sth
to be responsible for sth bad, or to be punished for sth 对…负责；因为…而受责罚：Their coach must answer for the team’s poor performance. 他们的教
练必须为该队的不佳表现负责。
appeal for sth; appeal for sb to do sth
呼吁；恳求：The government appealed for calm.
政府呼吁保持冷静。 ◇ Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward. 警方呼吁证人挺身而出。
appeal to sb
使感兴趣；对…有吸引力：This program appeals to young children. 这个节目小孩子喜欢。 ◇ The idea of working abroad really appeals to me.
去国外工作这个想法对我很有吸引力。
appeal to sth
启发；打动：They needed to appeal to his sense of justice. 他们需要激发他的正义感。
apply for sth
（通常以书面形式）申请，请求：I applied for a new passport. 我申办了一本新护照。
argue sb into/out of doing sth
说服某人做某事/不做某事：Joyce argued me into buying a new jacket. 乔伊斯说服我买了一件新夹克衫。
arrive at sth
达成（协议）；作出（决定等）；得出（结论等）：They have both arrived at the same conclusion. 他俩得出了同样的结论。◇After much consideration, we have arrived at a decision. 考虑再三之后，我们作出了决定。
ask for sth; ask sb for sth
要求得到；请求给予；索要：to ask for a job/a drink/an explanation 求职；要一杯饮料；要求解释 ◇ I asked the waiter for the bill. 我请服务员拿账单过来。
attend to sb/sth
to deal with sb/sth; to take care of sb/sth处理；料理；照料：I have some urgent business to attend to.
我有一些急事要处理。 ◇ Mother will attend to the baby while I go to the dance. 我去跳舞时母亲照看孩子。
attribute sth to sb/sth
把…归因于；认为…是由于：She attributes her
success to hard work and a little luck. 她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气。 ◇ His success can be attributed largely to hard work. 他的成功可以说主要是靠勤奋。
back sb/sth ? up
1) 证实（某种说法）；为某人作证：His claims are backed up by recent research. 最新的研究证实了他的断言。◇The girl denied being there, and the man backed her up. 女孩否认在场，那名男子证实了她的话。
2) to provide support for sb/sth 支持；支援：My family backed me up throughout the court case. 打官司期间，我的家人一直在支持我。
band together
to form a group in order to achieve sth携手；团结起来：We decided to band together and organize a protest. 我们决定团结起来共同组织抗议活动。
base sth on/upon sth
以…为基础（或根据）：The novel is based on a true story. 这部小说是根据一个真实的故事创作的。 ◇ What are you basing this theory on? 你这种理论的根据是什么？
believe in sb/sth
1) 相信…存在：Do you believe in God? 你相信
有上帝吗？
2) 信赖；信任；相信某人会成功：They need a leader they can believe in. 他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。◇Believe in yourself, or you’ll never succeed. 相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。
believe in sth; believe in doing sth
认为…正确；认为…有益；赞同：I don’t believe in hitting children. 我不赞成打孩子。
break away (from sb/sth)
1) 脱离（政党、国家等，尤指再组建新的）：Two states broke away from the federation. 两个州脱离了联邦。
2) 挣脱；逃脱：She broke away from him and ran to the door. 她甩开他，跑到门口。
break down
1)（机器或车辆）出故障，坏掉：The washing machine has broken down again. 洗衣机又坏了。
◇ We (= the car) broke down on the freeway. 我们的车在高速公路上抛锚了。
2)（谈判等）失败，破裂：Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方的谈判破裂了。
3) to become very bad 被搞垮；垮掉：Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 她因工作压力身体垮掉了。
4) 情不自禁地哭起来：When we gave her the bad news, she broke down and cried. 当我们告诉她这个坏消息时，她忍不住哭了起来。◇She broke down in tears when she heard the news. 听到这个消息，他不禁失声痛哭。
5) to divide into parts to be analysed 划成部分（以
便分析）：The job breaks down into seven parts. 这项工作分为七部分。 ◇ My weekly budget breaks down as follows: 50% for rent, 20% for food, 10% for travel, and 20% for everything else. 我每周的预算分别列明如下：租金50%，食品20%，交通10%，其他20%。
break sth ? down
1) 打倒，砸破（某物）：They had to get the police to break the door down. 他们不得不请警察来撞开门。
2) 消除，破除（障碍或偏见）：to break down one’s shyness 驱除某人的胆怯 ◇ Our aim is to break down barriers that exist between teachers and parents. 我们的目标是消除教师和家长之间的隔阂。
3) to divide sth into parts in order to analyse it or make it easier to do 把…分成若干部分（以方便分析或做）：Each lesson is broken down into several units. 每一课都分成几部分。 ◇ He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily. 他给我们演示了整段舞蹈，然后拆分开来方便我们学习。
4) 使分解：Food is broken down in the stomach.
食物在胃里分解。
break in
强行进入；破门而入：The firefighters had to break in to rescue them. 消防队员不得不破门而入营救他们。
break in (on sth)
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短语动词
to interrupt sb when they are speaking or doing sth 打断；打搅：Please don’t break in on our conversation. 请别打断我们的谈话。 ◇ “I didn’t do it!” she broke in. “不是我干的！”她插嘴说。
break into sth
1) 强行闯入；撬开（汽车等）：A thief can break into a car in under ten seconds. 窃贼十秒钟之内就能把车撬开。 ◇ Three houses in our street have been broken into this week. 我们这条街本周有三户人家被盗。
2) 突然开始（笑、唱等）：The audience broke into loud applause. 观众中爆发出热烈的掌声。 ◇ Her face broke into a smile. 她脸上突然绽放出笑容。
3) to become involved in a new job or business activity 打入，进入，参与（新的工作或行业）：She made an attempt to break into journalism. 她试图进入新闻界。◇The company is having difficulty breaking into new markets. 公司在打入新市场时遇到了困难。
break out
（战争、打斗等不愉快事件）突然发生，爆发：Fire broke out during the night. 夜间突然发生了火灾。 ◇ I was still living in London when the war broke out. 战争发生的时候，我还住在伦敦。
break through
作出新的重大发现；取得突破：Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. 科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。
break up
1) to separate into smaller pieces 粉碎；破碎：It seems that the plane just broke up in the air. 似乎飞机在空中就解体碎裂了。
2)（婚姻、关系）破裂：He lost his job and his marriage broke up. 他丢了工作，婚姻也破裂了。
◇She’s just broken up with her boyfriend. 她刚和男朋友分手。
3)（会议或聚会）解散，散会，结束：The meeting broke up at eleven o’clock. 会议在十一点散会。
bring sth ? about
导致；引起：Computers have brought about many changes in our daily life. 电脑给我们的日常生活带来了很多变化。 ◇ What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改变了态度？
bring sth ? down
to reduce sth 减少；降低：A nationwide good harvest soon brought down the price of rice. 全国性的大丰收很快使米价回落了。
bring sth ? out
1)（从…之中）掏出，拿出：He brought a card out of his wallet and gave it to her. 他从皮夹里取出一张名片给她。
2) to make sth appear 使显现；使表现出：A crisis brings out the best in her. 危机促使她表现出最好的一面。
3) to make sth easy to understand 阐明：Can you bring out the meaning of this poem in detail? 你能否把这首诗的意思详细解释一下？
4) 生产；出版：They’re bringing out a new sports car this year. 今年他们将推出一款新跑车。 ◇ The publishers are bringing out a new edition of the dictionary next spring. 明年春季，出版社要推出这部词典的新版本。
bring sb ? up
抚养；养育；教养：He was brought up by his aunt.
他是由姨妈带大的。 ◇ We were brought up to be polite. 我们从小就被教导要懂礼貌。
build up
to become larger or stronger 增大；加强：Tension is building up between the two communities. 两个社区之间的关系日趋紧张。◇I could feel the anger building up inside me. 我感觉心中怒火越烧越旺。
build sb/yourself ? up
to make sb/yourself healthier or stronger 增强…的体质；使更加强壮：You need more protein to build you up. 你需要更多蛋白质以增强体质。
build sth ? up
1) to increase sth or make sth stronger 增加；加强：build up one’s confidence 增强信心 ◇ Taking exercise will build up you strength. 锻炼可以增强
你的体力。
2)（逐步）积累；使扩大：To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary. 要学好一种语言，你必须逐步积累有用的词汇。◇These chemicals tend to build up in the soil. 这些化学物质常常会在土壤中积聚。
3) to create or develop 创建；发展：She’s built up
a very successful business. 她创办了一家非常成
功的企业。 ◇ The manager has built up a good relationship with his staff. 经理与员工建立了良好的关系。
burn out; burn yourself out; be/get burnt out 耗尽体力；累垮：Stop working so hard — you’ll burn yourself out. 工作别这么拼命——你会累垮的。
call back; call sb back
（给…）再打电话；回电话：She said she would call back. 她说她会再打电话来。◇Kate phoned. Can you call her back? 凯特来电话了。
你给她回个电话好吗？
call for sth
1) 需要，要求有（行动或品质）：What she’s doing calls for great skill and courage. 她的工作需要很高的技巧和勇气。 ◇ “I’ve been promoted.” “This calls for a celebration!” “我升职了。”“那得庆祝一下！”
2)（公开）要求：They called for the immediate release of the hostages. 他们要求立即释放人质。
call sth ? off
取消；停止进行：to call off a deal/trip/strike 取消交易/旅行/罢工 ◇ The game was called off because of bad weather. 比赛因天气恶劣被取消。
call on/upon sb
（短暂）拜访，探望：On our way back, we called on grandma. 在回去的路上，我们去看望了奶奶。
call on/upon sb to do sth
呼吁；号召：We call on all parties to respect the results of the election. 我们呼吁所有党派尊重选举结果。
call out (to sb); call sth ? out
大声呼叫；呼唤：The firemen called out to him.
消防队员对他大声呼喊。 ◇ She called out to her father for help. 她向父亲大声呼救。◇He woke in the night, calling out her name. 他夜里醒来，呼唤着她的名字。
call up; call sb/sth ? up
打电话（给某人或某处）：Call up and make a reservation for eight o’clock. 打电话去预定八点钟的位子。 ◇ She called him up from the bus station. 她从公共汽车站给他打了电话。
call sth ? up
to bring sth back to your mind 使回忆起；使想起：The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood. 大海的气息勾起了她对童年的回忆。
calm down; calm sb/sth ? down
（使）平静，镇静，安静：Look, calm down! We’ll find her. 喂，镇静一点！我们会找到她的。 ◇ He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.
他深深吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
care for sb
1) 照顾；照料：The children are well cared for. 孩
子们得到了悉心的照顾。
2) 喜欢；爱：I care deeply for you. 我深深地爱
着你。
be/get carried away
to become so excited about something that you do not control what you say or do 兴奋得失去控制；
激动得忘乎所以：I got carried away and started shouting at the television. 我激动得不能自持，冲着电视机大喊起来。◇The crowd were carried away by his passionate speech. 他那充满激情的演讲让人们兴奋不已。
carry on (with sth); carry sth ? on; carry on doing sth
to continue doing sth 继续做；坚持干：Carry on with your work while I’m away. 我不在时你要接着干。 ◇ Carry on the good work! 干得不错，继续努力吧！ ◇ She ignored me and carried on writing. 她没理我，继续写东西。
carry sth ? out
1) 进行：to carry out a survey/an investigation 进
行民意测验/调查◇to carry out
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短语动词
repairs/checks/tests 进行维修/检查/测试◇ We need to carry out more research. 我们需要进行更多的研究。
2) 履行；实施；执行；落实：to carry out a plan/a promise/an order 实施计划/兑现承诺/执行命令
be cast away (on sth)
（船只失事后幸存者）流落某处：What would you do if you were cast away on a desert island? 如果失事后流落到荒岛上，你会怎么办？
catch on
受欢迎；流行起来；变得时髦：He invented a new game, but it never really caught on. 他发明了一种新的游戏，但从未真正流行起来。
catch on (to sth); catch sth ? on
to understand sth理解：He is very quick to catch on to things. 他领悟能力很强。 ◇ It was a long time before the police caught on to what he was really doing. 过了好长时间警察才明白过来他究竟在干什么。◇Being a foreigner, he did not catch on the joke. 他是个外国人，未能理解这个笑话的含义。
catch up on sth
补做（未做的事）；赶做；补上：I have a lot of work to catch up on. 我有许多工作要补做。
catch up (with sb); catch sb up
1) 赶上，追上（某人）：She was walking so fast
I had to run to catch up (with her). 她走得很快，
我必须跑着才能跟得上她。
2) 赶上，达到（某水平）：You’ll have to work hard to catch up with the rest of the class. 你必须努力学习才能赶上班里其他同学。◇She’s training hard to catch her sister up. 她在刻苦训练，好赶上她的姐姐。
cater for sb/sth; cater to sb/sth
满足需要；迎合：They only publish novels which cater to the mass-market. 他们只出版迎合大众市场的小说。◇TV programs must cater for many different tastes. 电视节目必须满足观众的不同爱好。
center on/upon sth
以…为中心；（注意力）集中于…：The discussions
centered on the hostage issue. 讨论围绕人质问题展开。◇Much of their work is centered on local development projects. 他们的工作主要集中在当地的开发项目上。
charge up; charge sth ? up
（给…）充电：This shaver can be charged up. 这把剃须刀是可充电的。
check in
（在旅馆、机场等）登记，报到：We’ve checked in at the hotel. 我们已经在旅馆登记入住。◇Check in two hours before the flight. 请于起飞前两小时办理登机手续。
check into sth
登记入住（旅馆或私立医院）：I arrived in Boston and checked into my hotel. 我到了波士顿后住进了预定的旅馆。
check out (of …)
结账离开（旅馆等）：Guests should check out of their rooms by noon. 客人必须在中午以前办理退房手续。
check sb/sth ? out
1)to find out if sth is correct, or if sb is acceptable
调查；查证；核实：I made a phone call to check out his address. 我打了个电话核实他的地址。
◇ We’ll have to check him out before we employ him. 我们得先调查一下再雇用他。
2) （因某人或某事物有趣或吸引人而）察看，
观察，看一看：If I hear about a website that sounds interesting, I check it out. 我要是听到什么有趣的网站，就会去看一下。◇Hey, check out that car!
嘿，快看看那辆车！
cheer up; cheer sb/sth ? up
（使）变得更高兴，振奋起来：Cheer up! The worse is over. 振作起来！最坏的情况已经过去了。
◇ Nothing could cheer him up. 没有什么事情能让他高兴起来。
clear up
（天气）转晴；放晴；变晴朗：I hope it clears up this afternoon. 我希望今天下午天气放晴。
clear up; clear sth ? up
使整洁；清理：It’s time to clear up. 该打扫了。
◇ Clear up the mess in here before you go. 把这里乱糟糟的东西收拾干净再走。
clear sth ? up
to solve or explain something解决；解答；解释：to clear up a mystery/difficulty/misunderstanding 解开谜团；解决困难；消除误会 ◇ The White House hopes these problems can be cleared up soon.
白宫希望这些问题很快就能解决。 ◇ She cleared up the fact. 她把事情澄清了。
close down; close sth ? down
停业；关闭；歇业；倒闭：The hospital closed down last year. 这家医院去年关闭了。◇The government has closed down most of the mines. 政府关闭了大多数矿场。
close up; close sth ? up
（尤指临时）关门停业，锁上门：He closes the shop up at 5.30. 他五点三十分关店门。◇Can the last one out close up the office? 最后离开的人把办公室锁上好吗？
come about
to happen发生：It’s hard to understand how the accident came about. 很难理解事故是怎样发生的。 ◇ Can you tell me how it came about that you decided to strike? 你能告诉我你们为什么决定罢工吗？
come across; come over
to be understood 被理解；被弄懂：He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across. 他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。◇I thought that the points that he was making came over quite clearly. 我认为他提出的论点很容易理解。
come across sb/sth
to meet or find sb/sth by chance （偶然）遇见，碰见，发现：I came across him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上无意中碰到了他。◇She came across some old photos in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。
come along
1) to appear or arrive，到达；抵达；出现：A bus
should come along any minute now. 公共汽车现在随时都可能会来。◇When the right opportunity comes along, she’ll take it. 适当的机会来临时，她会抓住的。
2) to go somewhere with sb 跟随；同去：We’re going to the pub. Do you want to come along? 我们要去酒吧。想一起去吗？◇You’d better come along with me to the police station. 你最好跟我去趟警察局。
3) (= come on) 进展；改进；发展
4) (= come on)（表示催促）快点，（表示鼓励）
加油，加把劲：Come along! We’re late. 快点！
我们迟到了。 ◇ Come along! It’s easy! 再加把劲！这很容易！
come around/round (to…)
短暂拜访（尤指某人的家）：Come around and see us sometime. 抽空来看看我们吧。
come back
to return 回来；返回：You came back very late last night. 你昨晚回来得很晚。
come back (to sb)
恢复记忆；回想起：It’s all coming back to me now.
现在我全都回想起来了。 ◇ Once you’ve been in France a few days, your French will soon come back. 只要在法国呆上几天，你的法语就会很快恢复起来。
come down
（价格、温度、比率等）下滑，降低：The price of gas is coming down. 煤气价格在下跌。 ◇ Gas is coming down in price. 煤气价格在下跌。
come on
1) (= come along)（表示催促）快点，（表示鼓励）
加油，加把劲：Come on! We don’t have much time.
快点！我们时间不多了。 ◇ Come on! Try once more. 加把劲！再试一次。
2)（表示知道某人所说的话不正确）得了吧：Oh, come on — you know that isn’t true! 咳，得了吧，你知道那不是真的！
3) (= come along) to improve or develop in the way you want 改进；改善；发展；完善：The project is coming on fine. 这项工程进展顺利。Your French is really coming on. 你的法语确实有进步。
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2018高三英语常用动词短语搭配(完美版)
高考冲刺必备 高考常用动词短语搭配1.动词+about speak/talk about谈论 think about思考 care about关心,对...有兴趣bring about引起,使发生 set about 着手,开始 come about发生 hear about听说 worry about为...担心 2.动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away吹走 carry away拿走,使入迷clear away清除掉,消散 die away逐渐消失 pass away 去世 wash away冲走 take away拿走 put away收拾起来,存起来give away背弃,泄露 wear away磨掉,消耗 break away摆脱 send away让走开 turn away把...打发走 3.动词+back keep back隐瞒,忍住 hold back控制住 call back回电话 look back回顾 give back归还 take back拿回,收回 4.动词+for run for竞选 ask for要求得到 wait for等候 long for渴望 care for关心,喜欢 search for查找 call for要求,需要 change for用...换 apply for申请 seek for寻找 stand for代表,表示 hope/wish for希望得到beg for乞求 look for寻找 hunt for寻找 charge for收费,要价 take for误以为...是 come for来拿,来取 5.动词+down break down 出毛病，分解，拆开 bring down 使下降，使倒下 burn down 烧毁 calm down平静下来 come down 下跌，落，降，传下 cut down 削减，砍倒 die down （炉火）渐熄 fall down 掉下，跌倒 get down to do 致力于，专心于 get down 下来，记下，使沮丧 go down 下沉，降低 hand down 传给，流传 hold down 控制，镇压 knock down 撞倒 look down upon 瞧不起 pass down 传下来 pass down…to 传给 pull down 往下拉，拆毁 put down 记下，写下，平息 set down 放下 settle down 安家 slow down慢下来 take down 记录，写下 tear down 拆除 turn down 调小，拒绝 6.动词+at come at 向...袭击 run at冲向,向...攻击 tear at用力撕 stare at凝视 glance at匆匆一瞥 knock at敲门,窗等 smile at冲某人笑 aim at向...瞄准 wonder at惊讶 shout at冲某人嚷嚷 work at干...活动研究 look at看,注视 glare at怒视 laugh at嘲笑 point at指向 strike at向...打击 shoot at向...射击 call at拜访地点 7.动词+from differ from与...不同 suffer from受...苦 hear from收到...来信 die from因...而死 keep/stop/prevent from不让...做 learn from向...学习 date from始于...时候 result from由于 separate from把...分离开 8.动词+of think of想到 consist of由...组成 approve of赞成 talk of谈到 complain of抱怨 dream of梦到 speak of 读到 die of死于 hear of听说 become of发生...情况,怎么啦 9.动词+off start off出发 set off出发 leave off''中断 show off炫耀 get off下车 see off送行 put off延期,推迟 cut off切断,断绝 keep off避开,勿走近 knock off把...撞落 pay off还清 get off脱下衣服等 trun/switch off关掉 take off脱下,起飞 ring off挂断电话 come off脱掉,褪色 fall off跌落,掉下 go off走开,消失,坏了 break off打断 carry off携走,带走 give off散发出 10.动词+on
北京四中2019年高考英语基础知识摸底测试卷
北京四中2019年高考英语基础知识摸底测试卷 北京四中2019年度 （附参考答案） 试卷I(共75分) 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：单项填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。 1．—What do you want for lunch? —Oh， is OK with me． A．anything B．nothing C．something D．none third manned spaceship，was launched successfully on September 25，2 2．Shenzhou VII，country’s 008 in northwestern Gansu Province，China． A．a；不填B．the；the C．the；不填D．a；the 3．—Madam，your clothes are ready now． 一Thanks．And how much shall I for them? A．cost B．take C．spend D．pay 4．—How are you today? 一I’m f eeling much，but my doctor says I’ll s till have to stay in bed for another few days． A．best B．good C．better D．well 5．Being able to speak another language fluently is a great when you’re looking for a job．A．chance B．success C．effort D．advantage 6．Many people in the city complain that the price of housing is too fast． A．growing up B．going up C．turning up D．getting up 7．Fine day! Let’s go out for a walk．
2018江苏高考英语动词短语总结
江苏高考备考英语动词短语大全 （1）act短语 act as 担任…职务，起…作用 act for 代理（职务），代为（处理） act out 表演（对话、情节等） act up 捣乱，出问题 （2）believe短语 believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张 believe one's ears 相信所听到的话 make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.） seeing is believing 眼见为实 （3）break短语 break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破 break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服 break into …闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚 break open 破开，撬开 break short 中断，折断 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule（law）违反规定 break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去 break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束 （4）blow短语 blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭 blow out吹灭，走气 blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气 give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击 （5）bring短语 bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使 bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出 bring forward 提出 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring into action 使行动起来，使生效 bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行 bring into operation 使运转，将...投入bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用 bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点） bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走 bring to 使……苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… bring to light 出现，公布，暴露 bring to mind 使想起，回忆起 bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止 （6）build短语 build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入 build on / upon 建立在...上，依赖，指望 build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 build up to 增加 （7）以burst为中心的词组 burst forth 爆发，喷出，忽然出现 burst in 闯进，突然出现 burst into 闯进，突然...起来，突然发出 burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊 burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 （8）call短语 call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开 call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在 call back 回电话 call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取 call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入 call off 取消，下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人） call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人…… call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集 call to mind 使想起，回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问（某地） pay a call on sb. 拜访（某人） （9）catch短语 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火 catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎 catch one’s word 听懂话 catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 （10）carry短语
高考英语：完形填空2018年真题分析详解(北京四中教研室)
高考英语：完形填空2018年真题分析详解（北京四中教研室） 北京四中高三英语教研室整理 原句1 I jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to save a few dollars? 参考译文 我欣然接受了这个班的想法，毕竟，谁不想攒几块钱？ 句式分析 整体分析：本句为复合句，同时有插入成分。 1.I jumped at the idea of taking the class 为主句。 2.because, after all, who doesn’t want to save a few dollars为从句，做原因状语从句。同时，从句套有after all这个插入成分。
重点词汇 jumped跳过; 跳( jump的过去式和过去分词); 快速移动; 猛地一动jump at 急于接受;jump at the chance 抓住机会; after all毕竟; 究竟; 归根结底; 别忘了 原句2 And, even if I weren’t excited enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. 参考译文 而且，即使我对免费学分不够兴奋，但关于我们老师的消息却很有吸引力。 句式分析 整体分析：本句为复合句，句中套有介宾短语。 1.news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. 为主句。about our instructor为定语；to me为状语。
北京四中高考数学总复习 对数与对数函数知识梳理教案
【考纲要求】 1.掌握对数的概念、常用对数、对数式与指数式互化，对数的运算性质、换底公式与自然对数； 2.掌握对数函数的概念、图象和性质. 3.正确使用对数的运算性质；底数a 对图象的影响及对数函数性质的作用. 4.通过对指数函数的概念、图象、性质的学习，培养观察、分析归纳的能力，进一步体会数形结合的思想方法； 【知识网络】 【考点梳理】 考点一、对数概念及其运算 我们在学习过程遇到2x =4的问题时，可凭经验得到x=2的解，而一旦出现2x =3时，我们就 无法用已学过的知识来解决，从而引入出一种新的运算——对数运算. (一)对数概念: 1.如果()01b a N a a =>≠，且，那么数 b 叫做以a 为底N 的对数， 记作:log a N=b.其中a 叫做对数的底数，N 叫做真数. 2.对数恒等式：log log a b N a a N a N N b ?=?=?=? 3.对数()log 0a N a >≠，且a 1具有下列性质： (1)0和负数没有对数，即0N >； (2)1的对数为0，即log 10a =； (3)底的对数等于1，即log 1a a =. (二)常用对数与自然对数 通常将以10为底的对数叫做常用对数，N N lg log 10简记作. 对数与对数函数 图象与性质 对数运算性 质 对数函数的图 像 与 对 数 的 概 念 指对互化 运 算
以e 为底的对数叫做自然对数， log ln e N N 简记作. (三)对数式与指数式的关系 由定义可知:对数就是指数变换而来的，因此对数式与指数式联系密切，且可以互相转化. 它们的关系可由下图表示. 由此可见a ，b ，N 三个字母在不同的式子中名称可能发生变化. (四)积、商、幂的对数 已知()log log 010a a M N a a M N >≠>，且，、 (1)()log log log a a a MN M N =+； 推广：()()12 1212log log log log 0a k a a a k k N N N N N N N N N =+++>、、、 (2)log log log a a a M M N N =-； (3)log log a a M M αα=. (五)换底公式 同底对数才能运算，底数不同时可考虑进行换底，在a>0， a ≠1， M>0的前提下有: (1) )(log log R n M M n a a n ∈= 令 log a M=b ， 则有a b =M ， (a b )n =M n ，即n b n M a =)(， 即n a M b n log =，即:n a a M M n log log =. (2) )1,0(log log log ≠>= c c a M M c c a ，令log a M=b ， 则有a b =M ， 则有 )1,0(log log ≠>=c c M a c b c 即M a b c c log log =?， 即a M b c c log log =， 即)1,0(log log log ≠>=c c a M M c c a
高考英语常用动词短语
高考常用动词短语(322) 1.动词+about (8) 1)bring about引起,使发生 2)care about关心,对...有兴趣 3)come about发生 4)hear about听说 5)set about 着手,开始 6)speak/talk about谈论 7)think about思考 8)worry about为...担心 2.动词+away (14) 1)blow away吹走 2)break away摆脱 3)carry away拿走,使入迷 4)clear away清除掉,消散 5)die away逐渐消失 6)give away背弃,泄露 7)pass away 去世 8)put away收拾起来,存起来 9)send away让走开 10)take away拿走 11)throw away 扔掉 12)turn away把...打发走 13)wash away冲走 14)wear away磨掉,消耗 3.动词+at (18) 1)aim at向...瞄准 2)call at拜访地点 3)come at 向...袭击 4)glance at匆匆一瞥 5)glare at怒视 6)knock at敲门,窗等 7)laugh at嘲笑 8)look at看,注视 9)point at指向 10)run at冲向,向...攻击 11)shoot at向...射击 12)shout at冲某人嚷嚷 13)smile at冲某人笑 14)stare at凝视 15)strike at向...打击 16)tear at用力撕 17)wonder at惊讶 18)work at干...活动研究 4.动词+back (6) 1)call back回电话 2)give back归还 3)hold back控制住 4)keep back隐瞒,忍住 5)look back回顾 6)take back拿回,收回 5.动词+down (13) 1)break down坏了,垮了,分解 2)bring down使...降低,使倒下 3)burn down 烧毁 4)calm down平静下来 5)come down下落,传下 6)cut down削减,砍倒 7)pass down 传下来 8)put down记下,写下,镇压 9)settle down 安家 10)slow down慢下来 11)take down记下,记录 12)tear down 拆毁,拆除 13)turn down调小,拒绝 6.动词+for (18) 1)apply for申请 2)ask for要求得到 3)beg for乞求 4)call for要求,需要 5)care for关心,喜欢 6)change for用...换 7)charge for收费,要价 8)come for来拿,来取 9)hope/wish for希望得到 10)hunt for寻找 11)long for渴望 12)look for寻找 13)run for竞选 14)search for查找 15)seek for寻找 16)stand for代表,表示 17)take for误以为...是 18)wait for等候 7.动词+from (9) 1)date from始于...时候 2)die from因...而死 3)differ from与...不同 4)hear from收到...来信
北京四中英语试卷
北京四中英语试卷 （试卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟） 第一部分 听力测试(共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分) (略) 第二部分语言知识 一、单项填空(共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 21. Between the two roads _____ the high school building. A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand 22. It was______ a nearby hospital _____ Ann Peter’s husband rushed her last night. A. to, that B. in, that C. to, where D. in, where 23. The path in the park looked beautiful, _______ with _______ leaves. A. covered; falling B. covered; fallen C. covering; falling D. covering; fallen 24. I won’t go to the party even if_______. A. inviting B. having invited C. invited D. being invited 25. The_______ look on his face suggested that he had passed the exam. A. exciting B. tired C. tiring D. excited 26. As a student, I’m looking forward to holidays ____I am _____to do as I like. A. which; curious B. during which; free C. which; patient D. during which; reliable 27. ---You are not so strong as he. --- _________. However, he isn’t my ________ in intelligence. A. So I am; citizen B. So am I; comparison C. So I am; equal D. So am I; characteristic 28. ______ the fact ______ she deserted him, he still loved her heart and soul. A. Despite; that B. What if; what C. Even if; that D. Despite; what 29. Arms are ______ the body _____ branches are to the tree. A. of; what B. to; that C. on; that D. to; what 30. When our eyes move across an empty wall they will for a few moments _____ on a painting or other kind of work _______ there. A. switch; hanged B. fix; hanged C. rest; hanging D. act; hung 31. ---What’s up there? ---I’m designing a road sign. Can you tell me how I can make the words ___ well? A. call up B. get through C. use up D. stand out 32. ________ metals, for example, plastics has both advantages and disadvantages. A. In comparison with B. In the absence of C. In charge of D. In the case of 33. _____ winter ______ on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.
北京四中高考数学总复习 三角函数的图象和性质(基础)知识梳理教案
【考纲要求】 1、会用“五点法”画出正弦函数、余弦函数的简图；熟悉基本三角函数的图象、定义域、值域、奇偶性、单调性及其最值；理解周期函数和最小正周期的意义. 2、理解正弦函数、余弦函数在区间[0,2]π的性质（如单调性、最大和最小值、与x 轴交点等）,理解正切函数在区间(,)22 ππ -的单调性. 【知识网络】 【考点梳理】 考点一、“五点法”作图 在确定正弦函数sin y x =在[0,2]π上的图象形状时，最其关键作用的五个点是(0,0)， (,1)2π，(,0)π，3(,-1)2 π ，(2,0)π 考点二、三角函数的图象和性质 名称 sin y x = cos y x = tan y x = 定义域 x R ∈ x R ∈ {|,} 2 x x k k Z π π≠+ ∈ 值 域 [1,1]- [1,1]- (,)-∞+∞ 图象 奇偶 奇函数 偶函数 奇函数 应用 三角函数的图象与性质 正弦函数的图象与性质 余弦函数的 图象与性质 正切函数的 图象与性质
要点诠释： ①三角函数性质包括定义域、值域、奇偶性、单调性、周期性、最大值和最小值、对称性等，要结合图象记忆性质，反过来，再利用性质巩固图象．三角函数的性质的讨论仍要遵循定义域优先的原则，研究函数的奇偶性、单调性及周期性都要考虑函数的定义域． ②研究三角函数的图象和性质，应重视从数和形两个角度认识，注意用数形结合的思想方法去分析问题、解决问题. 考点三、周期 一般地，对于函数()f x ，如果存在一个不为0的常数T ,使得当x 取定义域内的每一个值时，都有(+)=()f x T f x ，那么函数()f x 就叫做周期函数，非零常数T 叫做这个函数的周期，把所有周期中存在的最小正数，叫做最小正周期（函数的周期一般指最小正周期）.
高中英语动词短语考点整理(高考必备)
重点中学高考资源整理 高中英语（全册）动词短语考点汇总 全册A-Z顺序整理，附例句
（1）act短语： act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处 理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病 例如： I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语： break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into …闯入……，破门而入 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later. The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring短语： bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格 下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进 bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始
高考英语动词短语大全
高考英语动词短语总结 1.break 2.bring 3.call https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411843512.html,e 5.cut 6.drop 7.fall 8.get 9.give 10.go 11.hold 12. keep 13.knock https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411843512.html,y 15.leave 16.live 17. look 18.make 19.pay 20. pick 21.put 22.send 23.set 24.show 25.stand 26.take 27.think 28.turn 1.break break away (突然)离开 break away from 脱离 break down 抛锚，（身体）垮掉，出故障，失败 break in 闯入，打断，插嘴 break into 破门而入，突然…… break off 中断，折断，停止 break out（火灾，战争等）爆发 break through突破 break up打碎，（关系）破裂，解散，分解，放假，垮掉2.bring bring about 引起，导致 bring along 拿来，带来 bring back 带回来，使回忆起，恢复 bring…back to life 使……生动、活泼，使苏醒 bring down 降低 bring forward 提出，提前 bring in 引进 bring on 引起，导致 bring out 拿出，出版，使显示 bring up 养育，提出（话题） 3.call call at 拜访（某地） call back 回电话 call for号召，需要，要求 call in 招来，召集 call off 取消 call on 拜访（某人），请求，要求 call out 大声叫喊 call up 打电话，使想起，召集 https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411843512.html,e
2018全国高考英语II卷：短文改错详解(北京四中详解版)
2018全国高考英语II卷：短文改错详解（北京四中详解版） 北京四中高三英语教研室整理 真题呈现 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was little， Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper， we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid， I loved to watch cartoons，but no matter how many times I asked to watching them， my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. 2018高考英语全国二卷短文改错题，难题不多，但你能拿满分吗 正确答案： 1.Friday’s 改为Friday； 2.sort改为sorts； 3.the改为a； 4.watching改为watch； 5.not to 去掉to； https://www.360docs.net/doc/a411843512.html,改为me； 7. I unwilling中间加was； 8.for改with； 9.are改为were； 10.where 改为when. 答案解析 1. Friday night星期五的晚上。这是一种名词修饰名词的用法。
北京四中数学高考总复习：数列的应用之知识讲解、经典例题及答案
北京四中数学高考总复习：数列的应用之知识讲解、经典例题及答案
北京四中数学高考总复习：数列的应用之知识讲解、经典例题及答案 知识网络： 目标认知 考试大纲要求： 1.等差数列、等比数列公式、性质的综合及实际应用； 2.掌握常见的求数列通项的一般方法； 3.能综合应用等差、等比数列的公式和性质，并能解决简单的实际问题. 4.用数列知识分析解决带有实际意义的或生活、工作中遇到的数学问题. 重点： 1.掌握常见的求数列通项的一般方法； 3.用数列知识解决带有实际意义的或生活、工作中遇到的数学问题 难点：
用数列知识解决带有实际意义的或生活、工作中遇到的数学问题. 知识要点梳理 知识点一：通项与前n项和的关系 任意数列的前n项和； 注意：由前n项和求数列通项时，要分三步进行： （1）求， （2）求出当n≥2时的， （3）如果令n≥2时得出的中的n=1时有 成立，则最后的通项公式可以统一写成一个形式，否则就只能写成分段的形式. 知识点二：常见的由递推关系求数列通项的方法1.迭加累加法： ， 则，，…， 2.迭乘累乘法：
， 则，，…， 知识点三：数列应用问题 1.数列应用问题的教学已成为中学数学教学与研究的一个重要内容,解答数学应用问题的核心是建立数学模型,有关平均增长率、利率（复利）以及等值增减等实际问题，需利用数列知识建立数学模型. 2.建立数学模型的一般方法步骤. ①认真审题，准确理解题意，达到如下要求： ⑴明确问题属于哪类应用问题； ⑵弄清题目中的主要已知事项； ⑶明确所求的结论是什么. ②抓住数量关系，联想数学知识和数学方法，恰当引入参数变量或适当建立坐标系，将文字语言翻译成数学语言，将数量关系用数学式子表达. ③将实际问题抽象为数学问题，将已知与所求联系起来，据题意列出满足题意的数学关系式（如
2013高考英语动词短语汇总
2011高考英语动词短语汇总1、动词+about speak/talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开始come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心 2、动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散die away 逐渐消失，减弱pass away 去世 wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送wear away 磨掉，消耗break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走 3、动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住look back(on) 回顾hold back 控制住give back 归还 call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回 4、动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候 stand for 代表，表示long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到care for 关心，喜欢beg for 乞求 search for 查找look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找 change for 用……换charge for 收费，要价apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取 5、动词+down burn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来 bring down 使……降低，使倒下settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6、动词+at come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷run at 冲向，向……攻击work at 干……活动(研究)
北京四中高考英语动词短语(二)
融洽：I’m glad you get on so well with her. 我很高兴你和她相处得如此融洽。 ◇ She and her sister have never really got on. 她与妹妹一直合不来。 2) (with sth)= get along (with sth) 进步；进展：He’s getting on very well at school. 他在学校学得很好。How did you get on at the interview? 你面试的情况怎么样？ ◇ I’m not getting on very fast with this job. 我这项工作进展不太快。 3) (with sth)（尤指中断后）继续做某事：Be quiet and get on with your work. 安静下来，继续干你的事。 ◇ Let’s get on with the meeting. 我们继续开会吧。 get over sb/sth 从疾病（或不愉快的经历）中恢复过来：He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he’ll get over it. 他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。◇He never really got over Jennifer when their relationship finished. 自从和珍妮弗分手后，他从未真正恢复过来。 ◇ It has taken me ages to get over the flu. 我得了感冒，很久才好起来。 get over sth to successfully deal with a problem or difficulty 解决（问题）；克服（困难）：She can’t get over her shyness. 她无法克服羞怯心理。 ◇ I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty. 我认为这个问题不太难解决。 get sth ? over (to sb) (= get sth ? across) to make sth clear to sb 向（某人）讲清某事；让（某人）明白某事：He didn’t really get his meaning over to the audience. 他未能完全把他的意思向听众讲清楚。 get through sth to manage to do or complete sth 处理；完成：We’ve got a lot of work to get through. 我们有许多活儿要干。 get through sth; get sb through sth （帮某人）渡过（难关）；（帮某人）应对（困难）：I don’t know how we’re going to get through the winter. 我不知道我们如何挨过这个冬天。◇I don’t know how I got through the first couple of months after Andy’s death. 安迪去世后的那几个 月我都不知道是怎么熬过来的。◇It was their love that got me through those first difficult months. 是他们的爱帮助我熬过头几个月的困难时期。 get through (sth) 顺利通过（考试等）：Tom failed but his sister got through. 汤姆考试不及格，可她姐姐顺利通过了。 ◇The whole class got through the exam. 全班都通过了考试。 get through (to sb) （用电话）接通，打通，联系上：I tried calling you several times but I couldn’t get through. 我试着给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。 get (sth) through to sb 使（某人）明白；（把…）向（某人）讲清楚：I find it impossible to get through to her. 我发觉根 本无法让她听懂。 get together (with sb) 聚会；相聚：We must get together for a drink sometime. 我们什么时候得聚在一起喝一杯。 get up 站起；起来；起身：The class got up when the teacher came in. 老师进来时全班起立。 get up; get sb up （使）起床：What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？ ◇ Could you get me up early tomorrow? 你明天早点叫我起床行吗？ give sb/sth ? away to make known sth that sb wants to keep secret 泄露；暴露：It was her eyes that gave her away (= showed how she really felt). 她的眼睛流露了她的真实情感。 ◇ She gave away state secrets to the enemy. 她把国家机密泄露给了敌人。 give sth ? away to give sth as a gift 赠送；捐赠：He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给了慈善事业。◇I gave most of my books away when I left college. 我大学毕业时把大部分书都送掉了。 give in 1) to admit that you have been defeated in a game, 80