第二讲名词性从句之宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

第二讲:名词性从句(二)

宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句

一、宾语从句

1.什么是宾语从句?

在句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

2.宾语从句都有哪些类型?

(1). 由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。

例如:

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。

例如:

I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.

司令员命令部队马上出发。

(2). 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

例如:I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well.

她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.

凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。

(3). 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。

例如:

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.

月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试?

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.

一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

I wonder whether he will come or not.

我想知道他来还是不来。

Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留?

第二讲:名词性从句(二)宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

(4).动词的宾语从句

大多数动词都可以带宾语从句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.

He told us that they would help us though the whole work.

他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.

部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.

Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?

你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?

动词短语也可以带宾语从句

常见的这些词有:make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记

Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.

在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.

可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

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I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.

我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.

I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.

我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.

我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.

He will have it that our plan is really practical.

他会认为我们的计划确实可行.

We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.

开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.

我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.

We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.

我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

(5).介词的宾语从句

用wh-类的介词宾语从句

第二讲:名词性从句(二)宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.

The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.

这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.

用that,if引导的介词宾语从句

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with

a company.

对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. (6).形容词的宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:

sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

I am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.

I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.

他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.

2.宾语从句主句和从句都该用什么时态?

注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。例如:

he studies English every day. (从句用一般现在时)

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he studied English last term. (从句用一般过去时)

I know (that) he will study English next year. (从句用一般将来时)

he has studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时)

当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如:The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.

1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。

2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。

3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。

3.宾语从句的连接词都有哪些?

从属连词:连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.

He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过

考试.

连接代词:连接代词主要有who,

whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也

第二讲:名词性从句(二)宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

可以指陈述.

Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏?

The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.

这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.

Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?

连接副词:连接副词主要有

when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.

Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?

你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?

None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.

注意:think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:

We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。

I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。

此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般

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只能用whether,不用if:a. 引导主语从句并在句首时;b. 引导表语从句时;c . 引导从句作介词宾语时;d. 从句后有“or not”时;e. 后接动词不定式时。

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.

月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试?

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.

一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

小结:

宾语从句的意义?宾语从句的类型?宾语从句的时态?宾语从句的注意事项?

表语从句

1.什么是表语从句?

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if 引导。表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。

其基本结构为:主语+ 系动词+ that从句。

例如:

The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

第二讲:名词性从句(二)宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。

This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.

那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如:

The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .

The problem is puzzling. 这问题令人困惑

主语连系动词形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.

主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句

问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.

2.表语从句的连接词

连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.

He has become a teacher. 他已经成为一名教师。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。

She has remained there for an hour. 她曾在那里停留了一个小时。She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.

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她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。

His suggestion is good. 他的建议是好的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

他的建议是,我们应该保持冷静。

The question is confusing. 这个问题令人困惑.

The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

问题是,他什么时候可以到达酒店。

who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。why he cried yesterday. 昨天他为什么哭。

how I can persuade her to join us in the party.

我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。

whether the enemy is marching towards us. 是否敌人正向我们行进. 注意:

A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

B 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

C 不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

第二讲:名词性从句(二)宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow. Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

同位语从句

1. 什么是同位语从句?

在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that

引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

例如:

The news that we won the game is exciting.

我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

I have no idea when he will come back home.

我不知道他什么时候回来。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.

他想到可能玛丽生病了。

I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这里。

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。

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2. 引导同位语从句的连词有哪些?

英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接副词how,when,where等。(注:if,which 不能引导同位语从句。)

如:

l have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

注意:有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。如:

Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.

他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

高中语法讲解—名词性从句

名词性从句 1.从句的分类 状语从句(分9种) 从句主语从句 名词性从句宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 2.说明: ①名词性从句的功能相当于名词,根据其在句中充当的成份,有不同的叫法。 ②引导名词性从句的词语主要有: a.从属连词that,无词义,不作句子成分; b.从属连词if,whether(是否)有词义,但不作句子成分; c.从属连词as if(=as though,似乎、好像)有词义,但不作句子成分; d.连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,how much,how many有词义, 作成分; e.连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,however,how often,how soon,how far,how long作 句子成分。 ③在名词性从句中,要用陈述语序。 【例】1.I don’t kno w where does he live.(false) I don’t know where he lives.(true) 我不知道他住在哪。 2.What life in the future will be like is unknown.(true) What will life in the future be is unknown.(false) ④不可用no matter who,no matter what等引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句。 一、主语从句 1.定义:若处在主语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。 2.注意事项: a.在主语从句中,任何引导词都不可以省去。 【例】That her hair is turning grey worries her. b.在主语从句中,不用if,用whether。 【例】Whether he will come or not is not clear.(true) If he will or not is not clear.(false) c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时,则用复数。 【例】1.Where we will have a holiday hasn’t been decided. 2.Where we’ll go picnicing and how we will go aren’t clear. d.主语从句作主语时,习惯上用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。但由what,whatever,whoever引导的主语从 句,没有这个习惯。 【例】1.It’s very clear that the boy was seriously ill. 形式主语真正的主语

2023届高考英语语法名词性从句精讲之四大从句用法大全讲义

2023年高中英语语法名词性从句精讲之:四大从句用法大全 主语从句 主语从句的概念: 如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用。 主语从句用法: 1、主语从句的引导词: 主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导: 如:That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着,真是奇迹。 When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。 What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。 What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2、主语从句与形式主语it:

有时为了考虑句子平衡,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况: (1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句,通常用形式主语代主语从句: 如:It's a pity that he didn't come. 很遗憾他没来。 (2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句: 如:Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 (3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句,通常不用形式主语,总是主语从句放在句首: 如:What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。 What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。 (4)如果句子是疑问句,则必须用带形式主语it的结构: 如:Is it true that he is the girl's father? 他是那女孩的父亲,是真的吗? How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了?

名词性从句知识点总结

名词性从句知识点总结 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如: a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型) d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型) 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) It is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… It appears that…似乎… (4) It +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… It is said that…据说… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: (1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. 错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.

(完整版)英语名词性从句知识归纳

名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句,主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句,而是复合句中的主干。 e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. (主语从句) I know that he is writing his composition in his room. (宾语从句) The question is how we can finish it on time. (表语从句) The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. (同位语从句) 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词(certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等)后 e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分,一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语) She always thinks of how she can work well.(how充当从句内的状语) I don’t believe whatever he said. (whatever充当从句内的宾语,意为“任何事”) I’ll take whoever wants to go. (whoever从当从句内的主语,意为“任何人”) 【宾语从句要点拓展】1. that引导宾语从句时一般可以省略,若由and或or连接两个宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that可以省略,而第二个分句前的that不可省略。 e.g. He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. whether和if引导宾语从句一般可以互换使用,但以下情况只能使用whether (1) whether可与or not连用e.g. I want to know whether he will see the film or not.

各类名词性从句区别

英语基础语法——名词性从句 一、名词性从句的基本概念 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,包括作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 (1)主语从句 就是在复合句中作主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。如: Whether he will be able to come remains a question.他是否来还是问题。 That China is a great socialist country is well known.众所周知,中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。 注:为避免头重脚轻,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。如上述第二例常说成: It is well known that China is a great socialist country. 但是,由连接代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。如:What he found surprised me greatly.他的发现使我非常吃惊。 Whoever is finished may rest.凡是做完工的人都可以休息。 (2)表语从句 就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接词外,还有as if,as though。如: The question is whether he is able to do it alone.问题是他能否单独做这件事。 It looks as if (though) it is going to snow.天好像要下雪似的。 注意:要区分以下句式: 1.that’s why+结果;that’s because+原因。 2.the reason why /for…is that… He is absent. That’s because he is ill.他缺席,这是因为他生病了。 He is ill. That’s why he is absent.他病了,这就是他缺席的原因。 The reason why he is absent is that he is ill.他缺席的原因是他生病了。 (3)宾语从句 就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导这宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。如:

高中语法讲解—名词性从句

名词性从句 1.从句的分类 形容词性从句,即定语从句 状语从句(分9种) 从句主语从句 名词性从句宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 2.说明: ①名词性从句的功能相当于名词,根据其在句中充当的成份,有不同的叫法。 ②引导名词性从句的词语主要有: a.从属连词that,无词义,不作句子成分; b.从属连词if,whether(是否)有词义,但不作句子成分; c.从属连词as if(=as though,似乎、好像)有词义,但不作句子成分; d.连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which, whichever,how much,how many有词义,作成分; e.连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,however,how often,how soon,how far,how long作句子成分。 ③在名词性从句中,要用陈述语序。

【例】1.I don’t kno w where does he live.(false) I don’t know where he lives.(true) 我不知道他住在哪。 2.What life in the future will be like is unknown.(true) What will life in the future be is unknown.(false) ④不可用no matter who,no matter what等引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句。 一、主语从句 1.定义:若处在主语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。 2.注意事项: a.在主语从句中,任何引导词都不可以省去。 【例】That her hair is turning grey worries her. b.在主语从句中,不用if,用whether。 【例】Whether he will come or not is not clear.(true) If he will or not is not clear.(false) c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时, 则用复数。 【例】1.Where we will have a holiday hasn’t been decided. 2.Where we’ll go picnicing and how we will go aren’t clear. d.主语从句作主语时,习惯上用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。但由

上海高三英语辅导讲义-第二讲名词性从句

上海高三英语辅导讲义-第二讲名词性从句 辅导讲义 课题名称第二讲名词性从句讲义序号 教学目标(1)掌握名词性从句的种类。(2)引导名词性从句的连接词。(3)学会运用名词性从句。 教学重点 难点重点:名词性从句的引导词 难点:掌握what在名词性从句的用法 教学过程 第二讲名词性从句 1.从句的分类 形容词性从句,即定语从句 状语从句(分9种) 从句主语从句 名词性从句宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 2.说明: ①名词性从句的功能相当于名词,根据其在句中充当的成份,有不同的叫法。 ②引导名词性从句的词语主要有: a.从属连词that,无词义,不作句子成分; b.从属连词if,whether(是否)有词义,但不作句子成分; c.从属连词as if(=as though,似乎、好像)有词义,但不作句子成分; d.连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,how much,how many 有词义,作成分; e.连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,

however,how often,how soon,how far, how long作句子成分。 ③在名词性从句中,要用陈述语序。 【例】1.I don?t know where do es he live.(false) I don?t know where he lives.(true) 我不知道他住在哪。 2.What life in the future will be like is unknown.(true) What will life in the future be is unknown.(false) ④不可用no matter who,no matter what等引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句。 一、主语从句 1.定义:若处在主语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。 2.注意事项: a.在主语从句中,任何引导词都不可以省去。 【例】That her hair is turning grey worries her. b.在主语从句中,不用if,用whether。 【例】Whether he will come or not is not clear.(true) c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时,则用复数。 【例】1.Where we will have a holiday hasn?t be en decided. 2.Where we?ll go picnicing and how we will go aren?t clear. d.主语从句作主语时,习惯上用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。但由what,whatever,whoever引导 的主语从句,没有这个习惯。 【例】1.It?s very clear that the boy was seriously ill. 形式主语真正的主语 2.It?s uncertain whether we?ll have a meeting today. 3.It hasn't been decided when they will leave for(前往) New York. e.以it作形式主语,把主语从句后置的常见句型有:

名词性从句的分类

名词性从句包括;主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句。分别在句中作主语、宾语、表语及同位语。名词性从句讲解在主从复合句中,从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下,主语、表语、宾语或同位语这四种句子成分由名词性词类充当,所以,我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句,把充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。也就是说充当什么成分就叫什么从句。名词性从句由连接词(或关联词)引导。常用的连接词有: whether 是否 that (本身无词义) 只起连接词作用,引导从句,在从句中不作任何成分 who, whom, whose which 哪一个 what 什么,所…的 在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语 在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语 在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语 when什么时候,where什么地方 how怎样、怎么,why为什么 除了起连接词作用外,还在从句中作状语疑问词(who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how)可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。它们的特点是:1、疑问词有本身的词义;2、疑问词在从句中担当句子成分,如主语、宾语或状语;3、这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序,不能用疑问语序。For example: Do you know whom they are looking for? 你知道他们在找谁吗?(宾语从句,陈述语序。不能是whom are they looking for?) I don’t know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。(宾语从句。在从句中如果疑问词作主语,其陈述语序和疑问语序一致。)She asked me where I had been.她问我到哪儿去了。(宾语从句。陈述语序,不能是where had I been. 直接引语,间接引语。注意这句话的时态。)Can you tell me when the train will arrive? 你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗?(宾语从句。陈述语序,不能是when will the train arrive. 直接引语,间接引语。) I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他为什么还没来。(宾语从句,陈述语序。不能是why hasn’t h e come yet.)He didn’t tell me what you were doing. 他没和我说你在干什么。(宾语从句,陈述语序。不能是what were you doing.)What you have done might do harm t other people. 你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。(主语从句。what 作从句的宾语。陈述语序,不能是what have you done. 如果用疑问语序,意思发生了变化,成了“你做了什么?”。)I don’t know where h e is now. 我不知道他现在在哪里。(宾语从句,陈述语序。不能是where is he now.)Where he went for his weekend is not known. 不知道他去哪里过的周末。(主语从句,where 作从句的地点状语。陈述语序,不能是where did he go for his weekend.)Whose fault this is is not important. 这是谁的过错并不重要。(主语从句,whose 作从句的定语。陈述语序,不能是whose fault is this.)

复习课程--专题二:名词性从句 主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句

名词性从句知识结构图解 定义:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句. h,等.在从句 等在从句中做状语成分。 Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人) ) That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school. : ①it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系: 形容词+ that-从句It is necessary / important that….…是有必要/ 重要的…. 分词+ that-从句It is universally acknowledged that../ It is known that…众所周知… 名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge/ a fact that………是常识/事实 不及物动词+ that-分句It happens that…碰巧.. / It occurs to sb.that…突然想起…… 主语从句②It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 强调句:It is in the morning that the murder took place.(去掉该结构后,句子成分完整) 主语从句:It was a pity that you shouldn’t go to see the film.(在句子中作主语成分) ③whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别 Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于anything that… Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong. whoever 是who的强调形式,表示…无论谁?相当于anyone who…. Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. whichever …无论哪个;无论哪些?,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of连用 Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us. Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others. 定义:在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句 We can learn what we didn’t know. We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. ★某些作表语的形容词,如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语从句 I am glad that you can come and help me. wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。 I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. I’d rather you had been there yesterday ②在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略 宾语从句His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor. He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. ③注意it作形式宾语的结构 We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson. I took it for granted that they were not coming. ④ that一般不接介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in的宾语;其它介词后面需用it作形式宾语 He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency. ⑤表示好恶的动词如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟宾语;

名词性从句

名词性从句 n性从句 一、n的作用:n可以做主语、表语、宾语和同位语 eg. His job is important.(主语) This is his job.(表语) I don’t like his job.(表语) I don’t know the man, Mr white.(同位语) 用一个句子来充当主、表、宾、同位语,所以n性从句包括主从/表从/宾从/同位从. eg. What he does is important.(主从) This is what he does everyday.(表从) I don’t like what he does everyday.(宾从) I don’t know the fact that he is a teacher.(同位从) 二、连接n性从句的词从属连词、连接代词、连接副词 从属连词:that. Wether/if(是否). As if/as though(好像) 在n性从句中只起连接作用,不作任何成分,不可省,that没有任何意义。 连接代词:what / which / who / whom / whose / whatever / whichever / whoever / whomever 连接n性从句,在名词性从句中做主、宾、表、定,不可省。 连接adv: when / where / why / how / whenever / wherever / however 连接n性从句做状语(时间、地点、结果、方式状语),不可以省。 注意:名词性从句均用陈述语序。 (一)主语从句: 在复合句中做主语的句子(放在be/v之前),连接词:that不做任何成分,没有任何意义,只起连接作用,不可省。 Whether表示是否, 连接代词/连接adv均可引导。 eg. That I must learn English well is important. What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is still unknown. Where the English party will be held has not yet been decided. 有时为了避免头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句放在句首,而把主语从句放于句末。 常用句型: (1)、It is +adj(true / natural / impossible / good / likely / surprising等)+that从句 e. g. It is certain that she will do well in her exam. (2)、It is +n/n词组(a duty / a pity / a good thing / good news / no wonder / no surprise 等)+that从句。 eg. It is good news that our team has won the game. (3)、It is +过去分词(said / reported / believed / known /expected / thought)+that 从句。 eg. It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing. (4)、It vi(appears / happens / seems )+ that 从句。 eg. It seems that you are a good boy. 特殊用法:

名词性从句(宾语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句)(教师版)-2020年高考英语语法从句专项训练

名词性从句 ①名词性从句很重要,是高中考查的重点,高中大小型考试的高频考点同时也是高考必考点,在高考中主要出现在语法填空、改错等题中。 ②名词性从句中,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的考查居多。 ③掌握名词性从句是我们高中课程标准的要求之一,并且对于阅读文章的理解、以及写作均有很大帮助

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宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念 宾语:动作的承受者,包括动词宾语和介词宾语。简单来说,就是及物动词或介词后面的事、物、人。名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式可以作宾语。当一个句子作宾语的时候,这就是宾语从句。判断名词性从句的关键:看左边 ①I worry about whether he can pass the exam. ②I am sure you are the winner. ③They couldn’t understand why I refuse it. 二、引导词的选择 (一)从句是陈述句 I think(that)they are well educated. TIPS: 当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,仅起连接作用,没有汉语意思,不充当成分;经常可以被省略。

①小强抱怨数学题太难了。 ②妈妈说明天她要去逛街。 (二)从句是特殊疑问句 1.The teacher asks,“Who is your favorite star? ” The teacher asks Who is your favorite star. 2.I wonder, ”Where will you go? ” I wonder where you will go. TIPS: 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,更好办,特殊疑问词直接起连接作用,且在从句中充当成分,不可省略。注意:从句用陈述句语序。 试用宾语从句写出以下句子: ①小明问谁想和他一起坐。 ②妈妈问明天去哪里逛街。 (三)从句是一般疑问句 1.The teacher asks,“Do you like TFboys’ songs?” The teacher asks if/ whether you like TFboys’ songs?” 2.The teacher asks,“Would you like to go to TFboys’ concert?” The teacher asks if/ whether you like to go to TFboys’ concert?” TIPS: 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,用if/ whether连接。注意:从句用陈述句语序。

名词性从句的分类与用法总结主语从句宾语从句表语从句等

名词性从句的分类与用法总结主语从句宾语 从句表语从句等 名词性从句的分类与用法总结 名词性从句是英语中的一种复合句结构,用来充当主句中的名词成分。名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。下面将对这些名词性从句的分类与用法进行总结。 一、主语从句 主语从句在句中充当主语的角色,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。 例如: 1. Whether we will win the game is still uncertain. 是否我们会赢得比赛还不确定。 2. It is important that she attends the meeting. 她出席会议很重要。 二、宾语从句 宾语从句在句中充当动词的宾语,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。

例如: 1. He asked me if I had finished my homework. 他问我是否我已经完成了作业。 2. Can you tell me what time the bus leaves? 你能告诉我公交车什么时候开吗? 三、表语从句 表语从句在句中充当表语的角色,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。 例如: 1. His wish is that he becomes a successful businessman. 他的愿望是他成为一名成功的商人。 2. The problem is how we can solve it. 问题是我们如何解决它。 四、同位语从句 同位语从句用来对前面的一个名词或名词性短语进行解释、说明或补充,通常以that引导。引导词that在同位语从句中一般不作任何句子成分,只起连接作用。 例如:

名词性从句用法总结

名词性从句用法总结 1.名词性从句,即指性质相当于名词的从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 2.连接词 that 引导名词性从句时,只起连接作用,没有任何意思,也不充当句子成分,在宾语从句中可省略,但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。 3.连接词 whether 引导名词性从句也不充当句子成分,但有自己的意思,表示“是否”;引导宾语从句时,可换成 if,但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。 4.连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等引导名词性从句时,均有各自的意义,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。 5.连接副词 when, where, why, how 等引导名词性从句,也各自有自己的意义,在从句中作状语。 二、名词性从句的重要引导词 1. what 用于引导名词性从句是一个十分重要的引导词,它可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,但不用于引导同位语从句。它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是:一是表示“什么”,带有疑问意味;二是表示“…所…的”,相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。如: I don’t know what you want.我不知道你想要什么。 I don’t know what you want is this.我不知道你所想要的是这个。 2. what 引导名词性从句时可用作限定词,其后修饰名词。如: I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。 注:what 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词,并且后接不可数名词时,有时可有little修饰,两者的区别是:what+不可数名词=所有的都,what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。如: What friends she has are out of the country. 她有的那些朋友全在国外。 We gave him what (little) help we could. 我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。 3. whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句,其意分别为“所…的一切事或东西”、“任何…的人”、““…的任可人或物”等。如: Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。 I’ll do whatever I can to help him.我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。 Buy whichever is cheapest. 买最便宜的。 注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子:

名词性从句课堂笔记完整整理

名词性从句课堂笔记完整整理名词性从句是指在一个句子中充当名词的从句,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。这是一个非常重要的语法知识点,在英语学习 中被广泛应用。在本次课堂中,我们将对名词性从句进行完整整理和 总结。 一、名词性从句的定义及分类 1. 名词性从句的定义 名词性从句是一个句子,从句在句子中充当名词的角色。它以连接 词引导,包括关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)和关系副词(when, where, why)。 2. 名词性从句的分类 名词性从句可以分为四种类型,分别是主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句。 二、主语从句 1. 主语从句的定义及构成 主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,通常由连接词that引导。例如:"That he is late again is not surprising."(他再次迟到毫不奇怪) 2. 主语从句的注意点

据谓语动词的形式来决定主语从句的形式。例如: "That you are my best friend makes me happy."(你是我最好的朋友让 我很开心) 三、宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的定义及构成 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,通常由连接词that引导。例如:"I know that he is coming."(我知道他要来) 2. 宾语从句的注意点 a) 当宾语从句中的主语与谓语动词在人称和数上不一致时,需要根 据谓语动词的形式来决定宾语从句的形式。例如: "She asked me if I would help her."(她问我是否会帮她) 四、表语从句 1. 表语从句的定义及构成 表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,通常由连接词that引导。例如:"My hope is that she passes the exam."(我希望她通过考试) 2. 表语从句的注意点

名词性从句用法详解

名词性从句用法详解 一、概说 名词性从句,即指性质相当于名词的从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看,名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句,其次是主语从句,再次是表语从句,而同位语从句则很少考查。 二、名词性从句的一般引导词 1. 连接词that 只起连接作用,没有任何意思,也不充当句子成分,在宾语从句中可省略,但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如: I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。 That he likes you is very obvious. 很显然他喜欢你。 2. 连接词whether 也不充当句子成分,但有自己的意思,表示“是否”;引导宾语从句时,可换成if,但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。如: He asked whether [if] I would show him the way. 他问我是否能够给他带路。 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。(引导主语从句,不能用if 代替whether) 3. 连接代词who(m), whose, which, what 等,均有各自的意义,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。如: That’s why she wanted to leave. 这就是她想离开的原因。 When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没相关系。 Tell me which one you like best. 告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。 4. 连接副词when, where, why, how 等,也各自有自己的意义,在从句中作状语。如: The question is how we should carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。 When she’ll be back depends much on the weather. 她什么时候回来在很大水准上要看天气。 Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。 三、名词性从句的重要引导词 1. what 用于引导名词性从句是一个十分重要的引导词,它可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,但不用于引导同位语从句。它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是:一是表示“什么”,带有疑问意味;二是表示“…所…的”,相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。如: I don’t know what you want. 我不知道你想要什么。 I don’t know what you want is this. 我不知道你所想要的是这个。 2. what 引导名词性从句时可用作限定词,其后修饰名词。如: I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。 注:what 后的名词能够是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词,并且后接不可数 名词时,有时可有little修饰,两者的区别是:what+不可数名词=所有的都,what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。如: What friends she has are out of the country. 她有的那些朋友全在国外。

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