桥梁伸缩缝作业指导书

新建铁路西安至宝鸡客运专线

桥梁伸缩缝

施工作业指导书

中铁一局西宝客专指挥部

二0一一年十二月·西安

目录

1 适用范围······························································································································-

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2 设计慨况及编制依据··········································································································- 2 -2.1设计慨况··························································································································· - 2 - 2.2编制依据··························································································································· - 2 - 3验收标准·······························································································································- 2 -

4 作业准备······························································································································- 2 -

5 技术要求······························································································································- 2 -

6 施工程序与工艺流程········································································································- 3 -6.1施工程序··························································································································· - 3 -

6.2施工流程··························································································································· - 3 -

7 施工要求······························································································································ - 3 -

8 劳动组织······························································································································- 3 -

9 材料要求····························································································································- 4 -

10 机械设备配置····················································································································- 4 -

11 质量控制及检验··············································································································- 5 -

12 安全及环水保要求············································································································- 5 -

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1 适用范围

适用于西宝铁路客运专线桥梁伸缩缝施工作业。

2 设计慨况及编制依据

2.1设计慨况

铁路桥梁伸缩装置是铁路桥梁端之间的重要连接部件，对桥梁端部伸缩及防水性能起重要作用，其质量和防水性能将直接影响整座桥的耐久性。西宝客专桥梁上部为双线无砟轨道结构，线间距为5.0m，全线桥梁简支梁伸缩缝均采用TSSF-60（耐候钢、直曲线）型伸缩缝；其他特殊结构均采用TSSF-100（耐候钢、直曲线）。桥面结构方面伸缩缝分为无声屏障和有声屏障两种。主要采用的工程材料有：耐候型刚、Q235钢筋、橡胶密封带、防水橡胶条等。

表2 桥梁位于直线段按不同跨度选用如下：

半径≤8000m时，其他跨度桥梁所处曲线半径≤5000m时均采用曲线上加宽防水橡胶条，其他情况下采用直线上的防水橡胶条。

2.2编制依据

2.2.1《常用跨度桥梁桥面附属设施》(图号：通桥（2008）8388A)

2.2.2《高速铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收标准》（TB10752-2010）

2.2.3《客运专线铁路桥涵工程施工技术指南》（铁建设2010241号）

3验收标准

3.1伸缩装置中所用异型钢材沿长度方向的直线公差应满足1.5mm/m，全长直线度公差应满足10mm/10m 的要求。钢材表面应平整，不得有裂纹、结疤、脱皮、气泡和夹渣，上、下表面应平行。

3.2尺量伸缩缝位置，尺量水平位置偏差±5mm。

3.3型钢与防水橡胶条连接后，注满水24小时无渗漏。

4 作业准备

4.1 施工设计图纸及有关资料到位后，组织技术人员进行图纸复核，澄清图纸中的技术问题。

4.2 组织施工人员学习、培训相关技术标准和设计图纸等文件，对现场施工人员进行交底培训、考核，合格后持证上岗。对特种施工人员进行安全教育及操作培训，并持证上岗。

4.3配备配齐防止桥面污染和养护等材料。

5 技术要求

5.1 伸缩缝到场后应进行检查和验收。

5.2 伸缩缝在通过验收后，将其放置在平整的地面上，尽可能减少存放期间的搬运次数。

5.3 伸缩装置的构造应能满足其两侧梁体必要的顺桥向、横桥向和竖向位移以及转动的需要。

5.4 桥梁伸缩装置的异型型钢与防水橡胶之间的连接应具有一定的夹持性能，保证在拉伸3倍伸缩量条件下，持荷15分钟，夹持部位不脱离。

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5.5 伸缩装置在使用过程中必须具有良好的防水性能，其防水胶条在注满水24h 后无渗漏。 6 施工程序与工艺流程

6.1施工程序

6.1.1预制梁体时将预埋伸缩装置锚固钢筋与梁体钢筋连接。

6.1.2伸缩缝安装前由测量人员放样出伸缩缝位置边线，并用油漆做好标记。然后由现场技术人员和施工人员根据测量点准确弹出伸缩缝安装边线。

6.1.3伸缩缝运至施工现场后开始安装，然后由现场技术员测量伸缩缝顶面高程至设计标高后将伸缩装置锚固筋与梁体预埋锚固筋焊接，安装牢固后嵌装防水橡胶条。防水橡胶条安装完成后对其进行检查，保证橡胶条的镶嵌部分完全嵌入到型腔内。

6.1.4安装底座现浇混凝土模板，将空隙处用泡沫板填塞，防止漏浆。浇筑混凝土前，对支撑、模板、钢筋和预埋件进行检查，清理杂物，符合要求后浇筑。混凝土到达现场后，现场试验员对混凝土性能进行检测，混凝土塌落度不易过大，控制在120~160mm 。

6.1.5在混凝土浇筑完毕后4h-5h ，立即拆模，清除多余混凝土残渣。拆模后，及时采用土工布进行覆盖，并进行养护。 6.2施工流程

7 施工要求

7.1安装时，先将安装区清理干净，再按图纸要求吊装伸缩装置，将伸缩缝中线与梁缝中线调至基本重合，型钢顶面调整到与挡水台顶面标高平齐。锚固钢筋与梁端挡水台内的钢筋绑扎牢固，必要时可增加定位型钢用的辅助定位钢筋。锚固钢筋与型钢之间焊接牢固，焊接高度≥5mm ，焊缝不得有裂纹、夹渣、未熔合及未满弧坑等缺陷。 7.2型钢安装保证水平，不得倾斜。

7.3无砟轨道伸缩缝装置安装在梁端挡水台内，挡水台施工底座板施工同时进行，伸缩缝型钢固定在挡水台内。

7.4防水橡胶条在填塞过程中禁止用尖锐器物磕碰，避免损伤橡胶条。

7.4安装挡水台模板时，用泡沫条填塞型钢型腔，并用胶带临时将型腔密封，在浇筑混凝土时，杜绝砂浆漏入型钢型腔，且型钢与混凝土间不得有裂隙或空洞。

7.5待挡水台混凝土达到设计强度的80%以上时清理型腔，嵌装防水橡胶条。嵌装防水橡胶条时，不得损伤防水橡胶条，防水橡胶条的嵌装部分必须完全嵌入型腔内。

7.6当梁端实际梁缝过大，导致挡水台悬出量超过20mm 时，采用更换更大型号的伸缩缝装置的方法增大挡水台间隙，确保悬出量不大于20mm 。 8 劳动组织

表8 伸缩缝施工单个工作面人员配置表

9 材料要求

9.1 伸缩缝耐候型钢采用Q355NH耐候钢制作，锚筋采用Q235钢筋，防水橡胶条采用氯丁橡胶（月平均温度在-25℃至+60℃）。其质量要求符合相关规定。

9.2 伸缩装置用橡胶的材质性能除按常规进行检测外，必须从伸缩装置成品中按一定比例取样，解剖橡胶条制成标准试片，进行拉伸强度和扯断伸长率测定，橡胶材料的物理机械性能应满足下表要求，严禁使用再生橡胶。

按一定比例取样，解剖橡胶条制成标准试片，进行拉伸强度和扯断伸长率测定，与表9.3.1相比，拉伸强度下降应不大于20%，扯断伸长率下降应不大于35%。

10 机械设备配置

表10 机械配置表

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11.1质量控制

11.1.1熟悉图纸，制定伸缩缝安装质量控制要点。

11.1.2加强质量检查，及时履行工序验收签字手续，加强伸缩缝施工过程控制。

11.1.3混凝土运抵现场后，必须做坍落度试验、入模含气量试验，经监理工程师确认，满足要求后才能浇筑。

11.1.4伸缩缝安装各工序完成后由现场技术员进行自检，合格后报监理工程师检查验收。

11.2检验

11.2.1伸缩装置所用全部材料均符合技术规格书的要求，并提供原材料及外部件的复检报告。

11.2.2每个伸缩装置应有出厂合格证书，合格证书应有CRCC认证的图标。

11.2.3伸缩装置包装完整，外观完好无损。

11.2.4 伸缩缝装置的安装位置和范围应符合设计要求。

11.2.5 伸缩缝装置部件齐全完整，且连接可靠。

11.2.6 伸缩缝装置的安装质量应满足梁体位移及转动需要，并能可靠防水。

12 安全及环水保要求

12.1安全要求

12.1.1施工人员必须经过三级安全教育培训，考核合格后方可进场作业。特种作业人员必须持证上岗。

12.1.2施工人员配齐配足符合要求的劳动防护用品，包括安全帽、安全防护服、手套、绝缘鞋等。12.1.3现场用电必须由专业电工操作，其他人员不得乱动，以防止触电事故发生，临时用电必须符合三级配电两级保护，坚持一机一闸一箱一漏。

12.1.4严禁从桥上向下抛物，避免造成不必要的安全事故。

12.1.5桥上做好安全防护工作，包括安全防护标识牌、安全网、安全带等措施。

12.2环水保要求

现场的建筑垃圾回收并统一处置，不得将垃圾通过泄水孔清扫到梁内，更不得抛洒到桥下。

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