必修三Unit5同位语从句
必修三Unit5 Noun clauses as the appositive
同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做。（名词、代词、数词和从句）
Are you three ready to start out?
They each can get a chance to travel by air.
We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and a American.
The news that we’re having a holiday tomorrow is true.
同位语从句：跟在名词后，进一步说明该名词的具体容，作同位语的从句。
它通常跟在某些名词之后，如：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information,
message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息），problem，
question, doubt, thought等。
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come？
有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book.
同为从句的连接词：
①that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略。
He h asn’t made the decision whether he will go there.
The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替。
The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.
I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.
③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句。
I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
I have no idea when he will be back．
④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句
注意：表示建议、命令、要求等的名词（如suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request等）后跟同位语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，通常用should+动词原形，should可以省略。
It’s my request that the work (should) be finished before 4 o’clouk.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
①意义不同：同位语从句用来对前面的名词起补充解释作用，二者同位关系；而定语从句是用
来说明先行词的性质或特征，起修饰和限定的作用。
1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.
2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.
② that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句时，
不仅起连接作用，而且还指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。
1. Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test.
2. Dad made a promise that excited all his children.
③that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是
代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。
1. The fact that he is from Canada is new to me.
2. The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.
④引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；
而定语从句不可用what, how, whether等引导。
1.I had no idea at all what I should do next.
2. There is no proof whether he was killed by others.
⑤当when, why, where和how等引导的同位从句时，它们为连接副词，虽然在句子中充当成分，
但前面没有与其意义相同的先行词；而在定语从句中它们有关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间，原因，地点和方式意义的名词作先行词。
1. Then arose the question where we were to get so many chairs needed.
2. That’s the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting.
一.同位语从句注意点
I. 说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive（同位语）; B: Attributive（定语）
1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.
2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.
3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.
4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent?
5. Is this the company where your father works?
6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence.
7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.
II 习题巩固：
1. The news ____ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.
A which
B that
C what
D whatever
2 The news ____ he told us is exciting. Which of the following is wrong?
A what
B \
C which
D that
3.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. when
4.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. what
5.I have no idea ____he will come back.
A. where
B. when
C. what
D. that
6.The news _____ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. how
7.One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right.
A. what that
B. that which
C. that what
D. which that
8.Word has come _____ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.
A. what
B. whether
C. that
D. which
what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that 则不然。What引导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。
1) What you said yesterday is right.
It is right what you said yesterday. （）
2) That she is still alive is certain.
It is certain that she is still alive. （）
习题巩固：
1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for.
2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before.
3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.
4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind.
5.___________ the earth is round is known to us all.
注意：连词THAT在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而WHA T在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。
练习：
I．请用适当的词填空，使下列句子意思完整。
1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon.
2. The fact _______ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true.
3. Word has come _______ some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week.
4. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday.
5. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom?
6. The problem _______ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once.
II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。
1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy.
2. I’ve come with a message from Mr. Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not.
4. I’ve read the bo ok where you gave me the day before yesterday.
5. One of the men held the pinion when what the book said was right.
III．高考单选
1．A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday．
A. if
B. when
C. that
D. which
2．—It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _____ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. when
3．Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom?
A. that
B. what
C. as
D. which
5. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.
A. that
B.what
C.why
D.which
6 The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.
A. that
B.what
C.which
D.why
7 The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.
A.what
B.that
C.why
D.when
8 His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
A.which
B.that
C./
D.it
9 I have no idea ____ he will start.
A.when
B.that
C.what
D./
10 I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.
A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.which
11 He thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.when
B.which
C.what
D.that
12 The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.
A.which
B.whether
C.that
D.what
13 The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.
A.that
B.as
C.of which
D.which
14 He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.
A.whether
B.where
C.that
D.when
15 Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
16 The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
17 Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. which
18. Does ____m atter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.
A. it, if
B. that, if
C. it, whether
D. this, whether
19--What are you anxious about?-- ____
A. How can we succeed
B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed
D. That we can succeed
20 The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why
B. why, that
C. that, because
D. for, because
21 __leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Anyone
D. The person
22 I really don’t know _____I ha d this photo taken.
A. where it was that
B. it was that
C. where it was
D. it was why
24--What do you think of China?
--____different life is today from ____it used to be.
A. How, what
B. What, what
C. How, that
D. What, that
25 Give this to ____you think can do the work well.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
26.____troubles me is ____I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that
B. What, what
C. That, what
D. What, that
27.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.
A.that
B.what
C.why
D.which
1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree. [2004
全国卷I]
A. why
B. where
C. what
D. how
2. The road is c overed with snow. I can’t understand _____ they insist on going by motorbike. [2004全
国卷IV]
A. why
B. whether
C. when
D. how
3. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago. [2004]
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
4. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. [2004]
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. how
5. Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. [2004
春]
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
6. A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. [2004]
A. when
B. where
C. what
D. that
7. I think Father would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a qu ick note.
[2004]
A. which
B. why
C. what
D. how
8. The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” [2004]
A. This is
B. There is
C. That is
D. It is
9. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that
B. as
C. why
D. when
10. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter _____ I’m talking to. [2004]
A. who is it
B. who it is
C. it is who
D. it is whom
Key:
1中that引导同位语从句，说明“news”的容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。
2中that引导定语从句，对“news”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。
1中that引导同位语从句，其中that无词义，也不充当任何成分；
2中that引导定语从句，that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语，且that可以用which替换。1．（that不可换为which）
2．（第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）
BA BABACC
What what THAT what THAT
I. 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. how 5. what
6. whether
II. 1 that→which 2. how→that 3. if→whether
4. where→that / which或省略where
5. when→that
6. that→how
（注意：斜体部分为最佳选项。下同）
[点拨] that引导的同位语从句解释说明thought的容。
[点拨] that引导的同位语从句解释说明story的容。believe it or not为插入语。
[点拨] 考查what引导的同位语从句，what在从句中作主语。
Keys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA
答案:1. B 2. B 3. D
B. 1—5 ABBB 6—10 AACD 11.A
1. B。考查表语从句。disagree是不及物动词，从句中不缺宾语，故首先可排除C；由句意“这就是我不同意的地方。”可知应选B。
2. A。考查宾语从句。由句意“路上都是雪，我不明白他们为什么还坚持要骑摩托车去。”可知应选A。
3. A。考查宾语从句。宾语从句在句中作介词in 的宾语，从句中缺少主语。而在名词性从句中what可作主语、宾语、表语等；which多作定语；that一般不充当成分；where作状语或表语，故选A。
4. B。考查主语从句。从句中动词do缺少宾语，故选what，what引导的从句在句中作主语。
5. B。考查同位语从句。that引导的从句是promise的同位语，说明其容。
6. D。考查同位语从句。空格后的句子成分完整，说明的是a story的容，故用that来引导，作
a story的同位语。因同位语从句较长，放在了谓语之后，避免句子显得头重脚轻。
7. C。考查宾语从句。be up to sth.意为“干某事”，故应用what来引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作介词to的宾语。
8. D。此句为it 放在句首作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。
9. C。考查宾语从句。figure out为及物动词短语，故其后跟的是宾语从句；由从句意思可知引导词在句中作原因状语，故选why。
10. B。此句中it 放在句首作形式主语，真正的主语是who 引导的从句。名词性从句要用述语序，故选B。
(完整版)同位语从句和定语从句练习
同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。
必修三Unit5同位语从句
必修三Unit5 Noun clauses as the appositive 同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做____________ 。(名词、代词、数词和从句) Are you three ready to start out? They each can get a cha nee to travel by air. We have two foreig n teachers, a Can adia n and a America n. The news that we 're having a holiday tomorrow is true. 同位语从句：跟在名词后，进一步说明该名词的具体容，作同位语的从句。 它通常跟在某些名词之后，如：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word (消息),problem , question, doubt, thought 等。 They were delighted at the n ews that their team had won. Where did you get the idea that I could not come ? 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that Tom might have retur ned the book. 同为从句的连接词： ①that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略。 He hasn ' t made the decision whether he will go there. The n ews that Mr. Li will be our new En glish teacher is true. ②whether引导同位语从句时意为是否”通常不能用if来代替。 The questi on who should do the work is being discussed at the meeti ng. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. ③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句。 I have no idea how I can get to the railway stati on. I have no idea when he will be back . ④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句 注意：表示建议、命令、要求等的名词(如suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request等)后跟同位语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，通常用should+动词原形，should可以省略。 It 'myrequest that the work (should) be finished before 4 o 'clouk. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： ①意义不同：同位语从句用来对前面的名词起补充解释作用，二者同位关系；而定语从句是用来说明先行词 的性质或特征，起修饰和限定的作用。 1. The n ews that our team has won the final match is en couragi ng. 2. The n ews that you told us is really en courag ing.
人教版高中英语必修一unit5语法：定语从句强化训练题附答案
人教版必修一unit5语法：定语从句强化训练题 一.课文原句感知 1．The time_______I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer____________I went for advice. 3．He was generous with his time，_______I was grateful. 4．The school_________I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. 5．However，this was a time_______one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 6．The day__________Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 7．...，until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all. 8．The parts of town_________they had to live were decided by white people. 9．The places outside the towns__________ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. 10．...we were put into a position___________we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government. 二.单句语法填空 1．This is his work________which he devoted all the energy. 2．He had a son________whom he took pride. 3．She has three children，all of________are at school. 4．He bought a book yesterday，the author_______which is a teacher. 5．He is always ready to help others，_______which everyone around him is grateful. 6．This is the theatre________we’ll vis it a well-known pianist. 7．I still remember the night__________she left the house. 8．The room_________we took pictures is dusty.
定语从句与同位语从句(全)
教案7.21 定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句与定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句与定语从句很相似,但还就是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1、从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能就是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以就是名词、代词、主句的一部分或就是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed、人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting、我们正在调查的问题不就是她就是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad、据说她已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy、我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room、您找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study、她妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助她的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2、从性质上区别 定语从句就是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句就是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明与解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:
高一英语必修一定语从句1
定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用 a , an 。 3．关系代词 / 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法 1．关系代词的基本用法（见下表）：
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 told him all (that) I know. gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 have read all the books (that) you gave me. can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1.先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)
同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案） 一、复习定语从句 1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。 2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2) 去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。 3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。 4.引导词：1）关系代词： a) 在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。 b) 分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾） 先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定） eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister. This is the book which I bought yesterday. c) 关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。 2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。 b)分为：when , where, why eg：He came last night when I was out. 新内容： 1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词 I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。 The news that our team has won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true.
定语从句与同位语从句的区分
定语从句与同位语从句的区分 一、定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词，属于名词性从句，它是对前面名词内容的具体表述，它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较： The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。（定语从句） The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。（同位语从句，说明了news 的具体内容，即he has died） 二、同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后，而一般名词之后都可跟定语从句。如： The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 He didn\\'t give the answer why he was late. 他没回答他为什么迟到这个问题。（同位语从句） Then rose a question where we should go. 于是产生了一个问题：我们该到哪里去？（同位语从句） 三、that 在定语从句中充当某一成分, 是关系代词; that 在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅把主句与从句连接在一起，是从属连词。如： The fact that just now you talked about interests me. 你们刚才谈论的事情使我感兴趣。（定语从句） The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry. 他考试没及格这个事实使他的父母很生气。（同位语从句） 四、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因、方式、人和物，否则引导的就是同位语从句。试比较：
Unit 5 单元语法：同位语从句 导学案
Unit 5 单元语法：同位语从句导学案 【使用说明及学法指导】 （1）5分钟检查学生背诵课前探究的句子的情况。 （2）10分钟让学生合作探究自主探究部分的内容并展示和点评； （3）10分钟让学生讨论关于同位语从句的知识，并分组展示； （4）10分钟让学生巩固落实、当堂检测。 （5）10分钟教师点评，总结，反刍。 【学习目标】 (1) 通过自主学习和合作探究学习和掌握同位语从句的特点和用法。 (2) 学会区别同位语从句与定语从句。 （3）培养学生语法学习的策略和合作学习的习惯。 （4）激情投入，高效参与课堂，体验学习英语的快乐。 Ⅰ.【自主探究】 背诵并探究下面的句子。分析句子的结构，然后找出主句和从句，说出从句属于哪种从句。1. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 主句为：_______________________________________________ 从句属于：________________________ 2. Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast. 主句为：___________________________________________________________________________ 从句属于：________________________ 3. Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede. 主句为：____________________________________________________________________________ 从句属于：________________________ 4. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibi lity,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性 (同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题 (同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了 (同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面 (定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习 (定语从句,代词all作先行词) 2. 从性质上区别 ? 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如: The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的 (定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语) I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有 (同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言) The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺 (定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语) 3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 (同位语从句) I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事 (同位语从句) 引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替如: The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了(同位语从句,是对order 的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)
必修一Unit5定语从句
高一英语Unit 5 Nelson Mandela（定语从句练习） I 用合适的关系词填空 1 Is he the man wants to see you? 2 He is the man I saw yesterday. 3 They rushed over to help the man car had broken down. 4 The package you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. II 把书翻到34页，从课文中找出关系副词或介词+ which/whom引导的定语从句Example: The time when I first met Nelson Mandela…… 1 (where) 2 (when) 3 (prep + which) 4 (prep + whom) [Practice] 1 I still remember the day / I first came to Beijing. 2 Can you tell me the office / he works? 3 Do you know the reason / he is absent? III 比较关系代词和关系副词: ( 1 ) Do you still remember the days that /which we spent in Qingdao? （2）Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? [Practice] 用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空 1 The city I was born has a lot of parks. 2 I don’t like cities have a lot of factories. 3 New Year’s Eve is a time I am always looking forward to. 4 My birthday is a day I think about my future. 5 He is the cleverest boy I have ever seen. 6 I saw a house the window of is broken. 7 I saw a house windows are broken. 8 I will never forget the days I worked together you on the farm. 9 He has got himself into a dangerous place he is likely to lose his way. 10 We expressed the hope they had expressed. IV 练习A Complete the following sentences with “preposition+ which/whom” 1 This is the rock the boy fell down into the sea. 2 Yesterday we had a meeting，we discussed a lot of questions. 3 The film star we talked a lot will give us a speech tomorrow. 4 Nothing can grow on the moon there is neither water nor air. 5 The West Lake Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful. 6 The newspaper he often writes articles is China Daily. 7 The stories about the Long March are well written, this is one example. 8 The subject Xiao Wang is good is physics. 9 The professor Mr. Smith shook hands yesterday has made new discoveries in science. 10 At last I met the writer I had heard long before. B Choose the correct answer 1 I still remember the days we studied together. A that B which C where D when 2 He didn’t know which room . A they lived B they lived in C did they live D did they live in 3 This is the reason I came here. A which B why C that D in which 4 Swimming is a very good sport, everybody likes. A which B that C whose D who 5 We lived in the room windows faced south. A whose B of which C which D that 6 Many forests the animals lived were destroyed. A which B that C where D when 7 We often think of the happiest days we spent together on the island. A when B which C that D during which 8 He is one of the teachers who English but the only one of the teachers who French in our school. A know; knows B knows; know C knows; knows; D know; know
必修3-unit5同位语从句
同位语从句 【教学内容】同位语从句 【教学目标】熟练掌握同位语从句 【教学重难点】引导词的使用、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 【教学过程】 * 什么是同位语从句：同位语从句是名词性从句中的一种，是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，它所修饰的词称为先行词。同位语从句在主句中的作用等同于先行词的作用。 Eg:The news that we’ll go on a picnic this Sunday isn’t true. 这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。 析：The fact就等于we’ll go on a picnic,是对the fact 的解释说明。 ▼同位语从句常修饰的名词 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，可以被同位语从句修饰的多是含有抽象意义的名词。常用的有： ●advice 建议●belief 信念、相信●doubt 怀疑 ●explanation 解释●fear 害怕●fact事实 ●hope 希望● idea 想法、主意●news 消息 ●order 命令●opinion 观点●possibility 可能性 ●promise 答应、诺言●problem 问题●question问题 ●report 报道●reply答复●statement论断 ●suggestion建议●thought想法●truth事实 ●wish 愿望●warning 警告●word 消息 * 同位语从句的连接词的使用 ?由that引导 Eg:①We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到我们队赢了。 ②They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。 ③The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。 ?在某些名词，例如suggestion,advice,request,order,demand,requirement等意为“建议，命令，要求”的名词后，同位语从句的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中should可以省略。 Eg:①The suggestion that the new rule (should) be adopted came from the Chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。 ②They expressed the wish that she (should) accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句与定语从句的区别 一、性质不同 同位语从句和主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句同属于名词性从句，表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释。 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 二、引导词不同 同位语从句的引导词多是that，whether,也有连接代词what，who，连接副词how, when, where等。切记，if, which 不能引导同位语从句。引导词在句中不充当任何成分。 定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as等（没有what），关系副词where, when, why等。引导词有连接定语从句、代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句及在定语从句中充当句子成分等作用。 三、先行词不同 同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常是抽象名词，有一定的内涵。常见的有idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, truth, possibility, promise, order，news, order, ability等等。 定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛，可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分甚至整个句子?: 四、位置区别 一般情况下同位语从句跟在先行词后，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容;有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做
人教版高中英语必修一-Unit-5教案设计
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela——a modern hero
教材分析：本单元以 Nelson Mandela —— a modern hero 为话题，目的在于使 学生了解一个伟大的人应具备怎样的品质，学会表达自己的观点，并用所学的句型来描写一个伟人。 提示： 1、本单元从warm-up开始，到最后的writing，都是以第三人称的角度来进行描述的，因此， 教学中要注意这种人称的前后一致，否则无法前后一致的引导学生进行学习和表达。 2、Reading部分侧重于理解，以及理解基础上的summary，这为最后的writing做好的铺垫和 积累（尤其是关键单词、句型和结构的积累），最后的writing要是前面阅读后的仿写（当然能力较强的学生也可以不受限制的开展写作）。 3、如何激发学生学习关于这些伟人的文章，是需要教师思考的：这些伟人学生会感兴趣吗？ 学生了解多少关于这几位伟人的伟大业绩？从哪些角度来导入会让学生更加的感兴趣？4、教学目标建议增加：通过学习文章和相关素材，进一步了解伟人的生平事迹，尤其是如何 才能成为伟人。培养学生初步使用相关词汇、句型和文章结构进行人物生平描述的口语表达和基础写作能力。 Teaching aims: 1. To arouse Ss’ interest in learning about heroes in history 2. To develop Ss’ listening and speaking ability. Teaching procedures: Step1 warming up
●Describe yourselves First what kind of person are you? (shy, outgoing, fun, mean, immature, nice, kind, honest, brave, loyal, happy, wise, smart, friendly, warm, cheerful, popular, generous, hard-working, diligent, weak, stupid, lazy, dishonest, tense, cold, unkind, miserable, dull, strong-minded, determined etc.) ●Discussion (Encourage students to give five or six qualities that they think great persons have, and give their reasons.)提示：What kind of great persons? Politicians, scientists, or? Different kinds of great persons, different qualities. Question 1: Who do you think are the greatest men in your mind? Can you name some? Question 2: In what way do you consider a man is a great? What is your standard? ●Look at page 33 and then ask the Ss if these famous people are great people. ●Conclusion: A great person is a person who has followed his or her ideas and sacrificed(牺牲) something so that they could be realized. A pop singer may be very popular with the young people, but he/she is not a great man/woman. A famous person may be well-known but if he or she has not gone through struggles and difficulties for their noble aims, they can not be called a great person. Step2 language points: 1． devote vt oneself to 献身于、致力于。。。 devote one’s life/one’s time to….把生命、时间献给。。。 …to …把。。。用于。。。 E.g. He devoted his life to promoting world peace. He devoted his life to the promotion of world peace. devoted adj 忠实的, 深爱的 be devoted to 对…忠实, 对…深爱 a devoted friend She is devoted to her husband. 即学即练 The manager devotes all his spare time ______ the violin. B A. to practise B. to practising C. in practising D. for practising 2. fight for 为……而战 fight against 与……作斗争；与…作战