中央美术学院考博英语解析

考生们为之奋斗一年的2014考博英语已经成为过去式。我们育明考博指

导教师针对2014年英语一和英语二的真题进行分析和研究，作为对14年学员

学习的回顾总结，同时，也希望能为今后考博的学子们提出一些方向性指导

和建议。

2014年考博英语二的翻译部分与去年相比难度较易。以下从三个维度对

14年英语二翻译进行分析：

一、整体

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)整体而言，今年英语二翻译难度较易。与往年不同，今年翻译内容不是

经济科技等专业性强，有较多术语的文章，而是贴合生活和常识，甚至有些

偏小品文的文章。而且单词没有超纲词，句子结构较简单，没有特别复杂的

长难句。因而同学们翻译起来会觉得比较得心应手。但是，简单的文章暗含

了比较多的细节，是否可以处理好，也能区分同学们的成绩。

本篇文章选自《卫报》(The Guardian),从原文中节选一部分，使其从

字数上符合英语二大纲要求。

二、词汇

词汇和短语多为同学比较熟悉的。只有“overwhelmed”、“absorb”和“recall”等几个单词可能是同学们需要稍加思考的。这些单词也可以用在课上学习的词根词缀记忆法来拆分单词加以结合上下文以得出词义。例如“absorb”可以查分为：ab+sorb，其中前缀ab表示away,from,off即离开，远离;词根sorb的意思为吸允，吸入，因此absorb的意思为吸收掉某物。也可以结合在真题中“…information my brain absorbs”absorb的宾语为information，文章整体讲的与“memory”有关，因此可以判断出absorb 的意思为吸收信息。此外，如“Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid”本句结构简单，“acute”一次可能对个别同学会造成一些困难。不过根据我们在海文基础班课堂或者钻石卡学员VIP阅读课上所讲过的，并列连词连接的是词性相同，意义相似或相对的内容，并列连词“or”表示选择，前后单词意义上来说是并列的，句中它后边的单词“vivid”是同学们十分熟悉的，从而也可以判断出“acute”和“vivid”是意义相近的从而可以根据课上所讲的模糊处理法来译出，从而不至于“因一词而失一句”。

但是，尽管单词简单，如何选择单词在句中的意思及如何表达成合适的汉语则对同学们提出更高的要求。比如刚才我们讲的这个句子“Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid”，当我们理解之后，如何表达却需要再度思考下。“emotion”一词有“情绪，感情”等含义，在此应该选择哪个呢?“acute”本意是“敏锐的，敏感的”这里如何和“emotion”的译文形成比较合理的搭配?根据语境，因为“情绪”往往表示一时的，瞬间状态，而这里表示的是作者内在的性格，我们最终判断

把“emotion”处理为“情感”。而汉语中和“情感”搭配的话，选用“敏锐的情感”就会比较奇怪。而且在翻译“powerful”时，如果翻译为“强大的记忆力”会显得比较繁琐，因为全文都在讲述作者记忆力之好，这里继续强调的话，会模糊作者强调“make my emotions any more acute or vivid”的本意，因此最终选择译为“好记性并没有让我的情感体验更鲜活生动”

总之：同学们在记忆单词的时候，要准确记忆，可以结合词根词缀记忆法来快速有效记忆。对于生单词要记忆全面，尤其是之前不熟悉的意思。另外，在理解和表达的时候，一定要记住“单词本身并没有意义，而是在某个具体语境中才有其具体意义”从而达到准确理解。俗话说“狭路相逢勇者胜”那么对于简单句子翻译则是“精确者胜”。

三、语法结构

14年英语二翻译试题的句子结构没有特别复杂的结构，但也考试到了考博语法的诸多重点。如每年必考的定语从句、状语从句、指代、并列结构、插入结构等。同学们只有对这些内容熟悉掌握形成类似“本能反应”才能比较快速准确地判断出句子主干成分、修饰成分，并理清楚句子。同时要记住不能独立的去理解某个句子，一定要结合语境。

例如真题最后一句话“I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day---they both just pop into my mind in the same way.”，本句中有两个专有名词“Hair”和“Broadway”。前者是我们从上下文可以判断出它指的就是“musical play”，那么就直译即可，但如果翻译为“头发”会显得与语域不和，可以翻译为“毛发”，后一个专有名词则是“常见的专有名词”对于这类词同学们一定要准确记忆其汉字，而不能自己音译创造，这里“Broadway”即“百老汇”。本句句

子结构是比较简单的包含宾语从句的复合句，但是要翻译正确还是需要仔细考量的。指示代词“they”指代的内容是什么?两个短语“on the same day”和“in the same way”的“same”是和谁比较的?根据课上讲过的“逢代往前寻”的原则和其后的“both”可以判断出“they”指代的不

是本句的内容，而是是前一句提及的祖父死亡和本句的《毛发》开演，而“same”比较的也是这两件事情。

总之，理解和翻译一个句子时，首先要熟悉考博语法要求的各个内容，尤其是高频考查语法项目更是要烂熟于心;此外，要结合上下文语境去理解句子中的每一个细节信息。从而不仅保证把句子正确译出，更要保证给出高质量的译文。

14考博已经结束，对14广大考博学子而言已成定局，但是对于以后要考博的学子要如何借“前车之鉴”来帮助自己的备战考博英语之路呢?

首先：打基础，多坚持。对现在已经开始着手考博，甚至如同海文钻石卡学员那样已经结束了基础阶段词汇语法课程的14考生而言，尽管时间显得比较充分，大家不能松懈自己，而是要紧张起来，利用即将到来的寒假这一黄金时间提高自己的基础能力。词汇的积累和语法知识的学习使我们备考初期阶段的主要任务。包括翻译在内的其他考察题型也是以这两方面为基础。现阶段做好这两件事情，等到强化阶段就能很好的往下进行了。

其次：多练习，勤自查。只是背单词，看语法也不够，一定要做句子分析和大量阅读来强化知识，提高能力。

再次：列计划，定任务。同学们要有计划的学习，而不是随心所欲去学习。计划要从自身出发，结合自己基础、学习时间、学习效率及考试目标等各种情况来制定符合自己的学习计划。

14届同学们辛苦了一年，可以暂时休息下，为之后的复试工作养精蓄锐。

而我们希望今后考博的学子可以从14年及历年真题中抓准考博英语的规律和动向，从基础做起踏踏实实学习。学习有方法却没有捷径，相信通过自己的努力一定能实现自己梦想!

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑

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