人教版选修6 unit1 虚拟语气 学案
Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气)
语气(mood)的定义
它是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
一、陈述语气(The Indicative Mood):
用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。
The sun is larger than the earth.
Does Tom usually get up very early?
What a clever boy!
二、祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)
用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。
Wait outside until you are asked .
Let‘s just take a break, shall we ？
虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。
虚拟语气
1.定义
虚拟语气用来表达愿望、建议、假设或虚拟的情况，用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况。
以下句子中的虚拟语气表达什么意思？
1)If I were you, I would go there.
2)I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.
3)I suggested he go there.
2.用法：用来表达对过去遗憾和后悔、对未来的展望和想象;现在的愿望
Yesterday is a history.Tomorrow is a mystery.Today is a gift.That's why we call it present!
3.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用
1)if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句
If引导的条件状语从句有两种：
a. if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。
b. if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气
体会下列if引导条件状语从句表达的是与现在，过去还是未来的事实相反，并找出主句和从句的谓语形式规律
a.If I had not eaten so much, I would have slimed enough.
b.If he had driven the car more carefully,he would/might/should/ not have had the car accident yesterday.
与______________事实相反，主句谓语：________________;从句谓语：________________
练习：用适当形式填空完成故事-The farmer and the snake
If the famer _______(not see) the snake, he ___________(not put) it under his coat; if he __________ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake ____________(not bite)him;if the snake____________ (not bite)him,he ____________(not die).
hadn't seen；wouldn’t have put；hadn’t put；wouldn’t have bitten；hadn’t bitten；wouldn’t have died
a.If I were Trump, I would / could /should / might prevent Japan from purchasing the Diaoyu Islands.
b.If I were a superman now, I would save the world.
与______________事实相反，主句谓语：________________;从句谓语：________________
练习：
1.If I _______(be) you, I _____________________(tell) my mother that I can take care of myself.
2.If I ___________(see) my good friend now, I __________________(be) happier.
3. If I ________(have) a car, my friends and I _________________ (go) out every night.
Were;would /could/should/might tell;saw;would /could/should/might be;had;would /could/should/might go
a.If I were the American president one day, i would a friendly relationship with China.
b.f I could see 《FAST & FURIOUS 8》tomorrow, I would be happy to die
与______________事实相反，主句谓语：________________;从句谓语：________________练习：
1.What would you want to do if you were a billionaire?
If I were a billionaire, I_____________________________________________________-.
2.用适当形式填空
If I ___________a millionaire, I ______ build a library for Shiyan High School. If I ______________ enough money some day, I ___________ (supply) free food to all the students in our school.
综合练习：猜一猜Jane是否嫁给Peter
Tom: Hi, Peter. Did Jane agree to marry you?
Peter: If she had accepted me, I would
have been the happiest man.
Tom: Cheer up, Peter! If I were you, I
would send her a bunch of flowers.
Peter: Oh, yes! That’s a good idea!
Tom: May you succeed!
总结：if引导的虚拟条件状语从句
总原则：时态倒退一步
注意：if引导的虚拟条件状语的倒装
A.Were I in school again, I would work harder.
B.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.
从句省略if, 用倒装句式"were, had, should+主语”
把下列句子改为倒装句
1.If I were you, I would study hard.
___________________________________________________________________.
2.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
___________________________________________________________________.
3.If we had worked harder, we would have won the game.
___________________________________________________________________.
Were I you, I would study hard.
Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
Had we worked harder, we would have won the game.
2)错综时间虚拟条件句
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
体会以下主从句分别表示的时间是过去，现在还是未来并找出谓语形式
If you had listened to me，you wouldn't be in such trouble now.(从句说明过去，主句说明现在) If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
Should I have time，I would help Tom with his maths.
用适当形式填空
1.If he______________(work) hard at school, he would be an engineer now.had worked
2.If I knew her, he______________(greet) her.would have greeted
3.If we______________(catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.had caught
3)含蓄条件句
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。
用介词短语代替条件状语从句．常用的介词有with, without, but for 等。如：
1)用介词短语(Without介词短语)代替条件状语从句。
体会以下句子分别表示的时间是过去，现在还是未来并找出谓语形式
A.Without air, there would be no living things.
B.Without your ticket,I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.
C.Without your help,I would have failed the exam last week.
这里without 引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，主句用虚拟语气。
1)与现在事实相反：Without air,man couldn't exist on the earth.
谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
2)与过去事实相反：
谓语动词：would/could/might (not) have done sth.
3)与将来事实相反：谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
选择题
1．When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups _________ nothing.
A．would mean B．would have meant
C．will mean D．had meant
【答案】A
2.Without your help, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest.
A．won’t get B．didn’t get
C．wouldn’t get D．wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
3．Without the timely arrival of the rescuers, twenty miners ______ underground yesterday.
A．would have been trapped B．would be trapped
C．were trapped D．had been trapped
【答案】A
2)用but for短语代替条件状语从句。
B. I would not have succeeded but for your help.
C.But for his help, I would be failed.
练习
But for water, it__________(be) impossible to live in the desert.
But for the rain，we____________(have) a pleasant journey the other day.
1．The virtual reality ____the impression that everybody is gloriously attractive, but for the social media like Wechat and QQ having posted of people showing off their apparently good lives.
A．have conveyed B．would have conveyed
C．wouldn’t have conveyed D．haven’t conveyed
【答案】C
2．—Did you enjoy your trip?
—Yes. But for your advice, we __________ our stay in London half as much.
A．didn’t enjoy B．hadn’t enjoyed
C．wouldn’t enjoy D．wouldn’t have enjoyed
【答案】D
2)用otherwise等其他短语代替条件状语从句。
D. Five minutes earlier and you could have met her at the station.
E.My cell-phone was power off. I would have called you otherwise.
选择题
1．After inspecting the building, specialists discovered some faults that otherwise ________.
A．had been overlooked B．were overlooked
C．would have been overlooked D．would be overlooked
【答案】C
2．Thank you so much for your kind assistance; otherwise, my son ___________ the project on time.
A．would never have completed B．had never completed
C．has never completed D．will never complete
【答案】A
4.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法
1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
1)wish+宾从结构（用来表达愿望)
体会下列wish+宾语从句表达的是对现在，过去还是未来的虚拟，并找出宾从的谓语
a.He wishes he were a bird, so he could fly in the sky freely.
b.He wishes he were as tall as Yao Ming now.
表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were) 。
用wish+宾从表达你的愿望
______________________________________________________________________________
c.He wished he hadn’t eaten so much watermelon yesterday.
d.I wished I hadn’t quarrel with my parents last week. I felt so sorry for that.
表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。
选择题
The party was terrible, I wish I __________to it yesterday.
A.had never gone
B. have never gone
e.I wish it would rain tomorrow and I could stay at home to have a rest .
f.I wish I could solve my problem one day.
表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为“would\could \might＋动词原形”
表达生日愿望
Suppose today is your birthday and you could achieve three wishes, tell your partners what whishes you want to have. You should begin with:I wish I could …
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
用适当形式填空
1.She is not beautiful. She wishes she _____ (be) beautiful. were
2.I didn’t pass the English exam. How I wish I ___________(pass) the English exam .had passed
3.He can’t draw very well. He wishes he ____________________(can draw) very well in the future.could/would/might draw
虚拟语气在wish宾从中的应用总结
2)advise等引导的宾语从句
理解以下句子意思，找出主从句的谓语
A.She asked that she be kept informed of developments.
B.The doctor advised that he(should) change his job.
c.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
d.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should 可省略
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：suggest，propose，advise
四要求：request，require，demand，ask
1．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty.
A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be
C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be
【答案】A
2．It will be ordered that the patient who suffers great pains __________on.
A．operates B．operated
C．be operated D．is operated
【答案】C
3．The officer gave a command that each of them ______ at seven o’clock.
A．Come B．would come
C．shall come D．came
【答案】A
4.My suggestion is that you_________to bed early
A．should B．would go
C．should come D．went
【答案】C
2)虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
在“It＋is＋adj./某些动词的过去分词＋主语从句”的结构中，从句的谓语动词用(should)＋do的形式。常用的形容词有：important，necessary，natural，strange，impossible等；常用的过去分词通常是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词。如：suggested，decided，ordered，demanded，urged等。
A.It is strange that he should know me.
B.It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city.It is necessary that we should learn English well.
C.It is required that the students should not use mobile phones in their school
总结：
1. It’s necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理应如此的) / important …+ that sb (should) do
2.It’s suggested/decided/ordered/demanded/urged that...(should) do..
练习：
1). It is important that we ________________ ( master ) a foreign language.( should ) master
2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。
It’s _______ that she _______________ to come to the party.strange;(should) refuse
3). 鸟在树上安歇/ 休息是很自然的。
It is ______ that a bird _______________ in trees.natural; (should) rest
14．It’s strange that he_______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A．would B．should
C．could D．might
【答案】B
3)虚拟语气还可在表语从句、同位语从句中运用，从句的谓语动词由“should＋动词原形”或只用动词原形构成
It is a pity that he(should) refuse our invitation.(同位语从句)
My suggestion/advice is that she wait till next week.
总结：
insist, order / command, suggest / advise / propose / recommend, desire / demand / require / request / ask等词的名词性从句，一般要用虚拟语气，从句谓语形式一般是should do
1)(ask, demand, require, request, desire) + (that) sb (should) do -宾从
2)It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested / required / demanded …that …(should) do --主语从句
3)The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that …(should) do--表语从句
4)a / the suggestion / request (等) that …(should) do …同位语从句
例如：
It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
The teacher give us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
练习：
1.It’s suggested that the plan____________(be) carried out at once .
2.The old woman’s demand is that her son ____________(come) to see her once a week.
3.We are in favor of the advice that the factory____________(be) closed down.
5.虚拟语气的几种特殊用法
1)．It's(high/about)time that …句型，也用虚拟语气
A.It's time that you went to fetch your daughter from the kindergarten.是你去幼儿园接女儿的时候了。
B.It is ( high / about ) time that we took / should take measures to protect the environment.
你该走了。
B.It’s (high / about) time that you went / should go.
总结：
It is high/about time that sb did/should do (should不能省略)
练习
1．It is high time you____ your homework.
A．do B．have done
C．will do D．did
【答案】D
2)在in case，for fear that，in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词一般用should/could/might＋动词原形，其中should可省略
A.She walked quietly for fear that she might wake up her roommates.她轻轻地走，以免惊醒她的室友。
B.Have your gun ready in case we(should)need it.把你的枪准备好，以防万一我们需要。
I get up early so that i _____________(catch) the early bus.
3)would rather句型
a.I would rather you returned me my money now.
b.I would rather you came tomorrow.
C.I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.
总结:would rather that clause
1．In terms of the high investment risk, I would rather you_________ anything about it for the time being.
A．don’t do B．didn’t do
C．hadn’t done D．haven’t done
【答案】B
2．I’d rather you ________ him the secret until you _______ allowed to.
A．told; were B．didn’t tell; are
C．hadn’t told; will be D．don’t tell; are
【答案】B
4)If only句型
If only it stopped raining now!
If only we had followed your advice!
总结谓语形式
选择题
1．It’s too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I __________that programme! A．didn’t run B．haven’t run
C．hadn’t run D．wouldn’t run
【答案】C
2．If only I ________ a solid foundation in senior one! I wouldn’t be struggling in English now. A．lay B．laid
C．had laid D．were to lay
【答案】C
5）As if/though句型
as if/though引起的表语从句或状语从句中，也用虚拟语气
A.They talked as if they had been friends for years.
从句的动作发生在主句动作之前(可以理解成与过去事实相反)
从句谓语形式：__________________________________________
B.She often shares sorrows and joys with her good friends through QQ, as if they were chatting in her living room.
从句的动作与主句动作同时发生(可以理解成与现在事实相反)
从句谓语形式：__________________________________________
B.He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
从句的动作发生在主句动作之后(可以理解成与将来事实相反)
从句谓语形式：__________________________________________
练习
A.He behaves as if he______(own) the house.owned
B.He behaves as if he ______ (be) the owner of the house.were
C.She talked about Rome as though she __________ (be) there herself.had been
D. He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone _____________(come).
总结
6)情态动词表示虚拟
would have done--本想/打算做某事却没做
should/ought to have done--本应该做某事却没做
shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done--本不该做某事却做了
could have done--本能够做某事却没做
would rather have done--宁愿过去做了某事却没做
had better have done--最好过去做了某事却没做
needn’t have done--本不必做某事却做了
补充：表示对过去的推测
must have done--过去肯定发生了…
might have done--过去可能发生了…
can’t/ couldn’t have done--过去不可能发生…
6.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
1)insist, suggest
insist : “坚决/持要求”用虚拟语气,即should do;
insist : “坚持认为, 坚持说”用陈述语气
2)suggest : “建议”用虚拟语气，即should do;
suggest : “表明、暗示”用陈述语气
3)as if
A.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
B.The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
练习：
1. The teacher suggested that we ______________ (practise) more after class.
2. Her pale face suggests that she _____ (be) ill today.
3. He insisted that all of us ___________ (get) there on time by any means.
4. He insisted that he _____________ (not steal) the diamond, and that he should be set free. (should) practise；is;(should) get;hadn’t stolen;should be set
总结：wish, would rather, as if / as though, if only 表虚拟时的共同点是：
时态往后退一步，同if虚拟条件句
7.句型it/that is the first/second ...time +that ，从句中用sb+现在完成时：
如果是it/that was the first/second ...time +that，从句中就要用过去完成时
Eg. It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the first time that i had been here.
8.If it were not (had not been) for...句型采用虚拟语气
意思为：若不是，若没有
If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow.
If it hadn’t been for the doctor, he would have died.
9．虚拟语气还可用来表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等
A.Long live the unity of the Chinese people!
中华民族的统一万岁！
B.God bless you！上帝保佑你！
38．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
（1（I wish that I______________(go) with you to see the film last night.
（2（Without electricity（our life____________(be) quite different today.
（3（I am a poor man now. If I________(have) money（I______________(buy) a large house.（4（If she had been more careful（she____________________(not make) these mistakes in the exam.
（5（I think people__________________(believe) my story if I were not so young.
（6（The man insisted that he____________(do) his best and________________(not blame) for the failure.
（7（But for the rain（we____________(have) a pleasant journey the other day.
（8（If I ________(am) you（I would give that patient a hug.
（9（It is raining so heavily. If the rain____________________(stop) this afternoon（we could go out for a walk.
（10（All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he__________(be) badly wounded and that he___________(operate) on at once.
（11（How I wish every family________(have) a large house with a beautiful garden.
（12（If everyone in the country________(know) first aid（many lives would be saved.
（13（Tom wishes that he ______________(study) business instead of history when he was in university.
（14（—John went to the hospital alone.
—If he________________(tell) me about it（I would have gone with him.
（15（My father was strict. He requested that I__________________(not watch) television on this week nights.
【答案】had gone would be had would buy wouldn’t have made would believe had done not be blamed would have had were were to stop/should stop/stopped was(should) be operated had knew had studied had told(should) not watch
20．（2018·海淀二模（He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing __________. A．had happened B．happened
C．would happen D．would have happened
【答案】A
21．—Thank you for reminding me of the time, otherwise I __ late yesterday
—Don’t mention it.
A．had been B．would have been
C．should be D．would be
【答案】B
22．Without your help, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest. A．won’t get B．didn’t get
C．wouldn’t get D．wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
23．（题文）If you ______ the Minister of Education, which subject would you rather have _______ from the College Entrance Examination?
A．are; included B．had been; been excluded
C．were to; include D．were; removed
【答案】D
24．Thank you so much for your kind assistance; otherwise, my son ___________ the project on time.
A．would never have completed B．had never completed
C．has never completed D．will never complete
【答案】A
25．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ you waiting for such a long time.
A．had not kept B．will not keep
C．would not have kept D．have not kept
【答案】C
28．_______we _______in the traffic on the highway, we _______ dinner at the table now. A．Hadn’t... been stuck ; are having B．Had... not been stuck; would have had C．Hadn’t... been stuck; should have D．Had... not been stuck; would be having
【答案】D
29．The old man _________ buried underground for ever but for the timely rescue.
A．had been B．would have been C．will be D．would be
【答案】B
30．David speaks English perfectly ________ he had lived in England for many years.
A．as if B．even if
C．so that D．now that
【答案】A
34．I can’t thank you _____much, because without your help I _____ have won the first place. A．too; wouldn’t B．very; shouldn’t
C．that; might not D．so; couldn’t
【答案】A
即学即练：—I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain.
—What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I ________ it.
A. wouldn’t have missed
B. wouldn’t miss
C. didn’t miss
D. hadn’t missed
解析：A。根据上一句last night可知，本句表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done结构。
35．— Helen,are you going Io the airport to pick up Jack the day after tomorrow?— ________ tomorrow night.I would go.
A．Were he to come back B．If he was about to come back
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虚拟语气的特殊用法 一、混合式虚拟语气 条件从句中的动词所表示的动作和主句动词所表示的动作发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式决定于要表示的具体时间。 使用混合式虚拟语气时,注意要抓住主从句中时间的象征性词汇（如now, yesterday 等）来确定是与哪种事实相反，然后再根据主从句中谓语动词的构成来确定。 If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天对他讲的话，你现在就知道怎么做了。 If the boy hadn't been saved this afternoon, his family would not be in peace now. 如果那个男孩今天下午没有被救，他的家现在就不会如此安宁。 You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。 二、含蓄条件句 含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： 1.介词或介词短语，如but for(要不是……), without, in case of, under more favourable conditions（在更有利的条件下）等取代了if引导的条件状语从句。 Without air, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气，地球上就不会有生命了。 He would have failed but for.his teacher's timely advice =if it had not been for his teacher's timely advice 如果没有老师及时的建议的话，他可能失败了。 We could have done the work better in that case. 要是那样的话，我们本可以把工作干得更好一些的。 We could have done better under more favourable conditions. 在更有利的条件下，我们还可以做得更好些。 2. 用but that+从句（要不是，若非），otherwise, or, but 等分句来代替if引导的条件状语从句。 But that he saw i t with his own eyes, he couldn’t have believed it. 要不是亲眼所见，她不可能相信这事的。（从句用陈述语气，主句用虚拟语气） He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he had an important meeting to attend.他昨天上午就会来看你了，可他有个重要的会议要参加。（主句用虚拟语气，分句用陈述语气） I was ill that day. Otherwise/ or I would have taken part in your birthday party. （本句省略的条件句为If I hadn’t been ill that day.）（如果那天我没生病的话）我那天生病了，否则我就参加你的生日聚会了。 1. If you _____________(follow) my advice yesterday, you _____________(be) better now.
虚拟语气教学设计
虚拟语气教学设计 大连开发区第十高级中学外语组闫志刚一．教材分析 本课是结合外研社高中英语教材选修7中有关虚拟语气的语法内容，进行虚拟语气的复习，我在教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二．学情分析 在高一和高二近两年英语学习的基础上，学生已经掌握了基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在复习虚拟语气的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度，为高考和大学的进一步学习研究打下坚实的基础。但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们好胜心强，渴望在班集体里得到他人的承认，很在乎别人对他们的评价。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师，愿意开口讲。他们有着高中生独立、爱表现自我的特点。因此，只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三．教学重点 非真实条件状语从句虚拟语气和名词性从句的虚拟语气的用法 四．教学难点 非真实条件状语从句虚拟语气中的倒装，错综时间条件句和含蓄虚拟条件句的用法 五．教学目标 1.知识目标 引导学生准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。根据该语法规律解决实际问题。重语境，探语义，培养学生通读，分析，理解，综合归纳的能力，教会学生体察语境，结合上下文，符合逻辑推理和合理的想象，依靠语法但不拘泥于语法，结合语法和题干中的语境解决高考题。 2.能力目标 利用小组合作和组间竞争营造积极和谐教学氛围，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，着重提高学生获取信息，处理信息，分析问题和解决问题的能力，培养学生自主学习与合作学习能力。在运用语言的过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力，帮助学生加强记忆力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力，激发创造能力。 3.德育目标 利用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。形成健全的情感态度，为未来发展和终身学习奠定好的基础。 六．教学策略 高中阶段是个体探索自我、发现自我、表现自我、塑造自我、完善自我的重要时期，高中生的认识能力比初中普遍提高，自我意识进一步发展，独立意识等均有明显提高，通过活动课、小组讨论等具体形式，利用他们自身较高的自我意识水平对自己的学习进行调节、监控。因此，本课我主要采用任务型教学法，任务完成的过程，就是一个知识转化的过程。它应具备以下特点：（1）以任务为中心，而不是以操练语言形式为目的。（2）任务的设计焦点应该是解决某一具体的学生学习中的重点和难点。在任务型语言教学中，教师要从学生“学”的角度来设计教学活动，使学生的学习活动具有明确的目标，并构成一个有梯度的连续活动。在教师精心设计的各种“任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识并得出结论，从注重语言本身转变为注重语言习得。
虚拟语气用法归纳优选稿
虚拟语气用法归纳文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]
虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用
would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来 判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假 设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现 主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间 状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)
虚拟语气学案
Book6 unit1: Discovering useful structures 虚拟语气在if条件句和wish宾语从句的应用 一、学习目标： 1. 能读懂if条件句和wish宾语从句引导的虚拟语气句子。 2. 记忆虚拟语气在if条件句和wish宾语从句中的用法结构。 3. 使用虚拟语气进行简单表达。 二、重点、难点： 1. 重点：wish引导的宾语从句对（现在）和（将来）的虚拟 2. 难点：虚拟语气在if条件句中的句型结构（对现在虚拟，尤其注意主 从句谓语动词形式的不同）。 三、考情分析： 1.考纲要求：虚拟语气是高考语法要求的专题之一。能在语篇中看懂虚拟 语气句子，能使用虚拟语气进行简单表达。 2.题型：阅读理解，完型填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达。 3.分值：1分或2分 【课上学案】 一．观察下列句子并完成下面表格（独立完成，同桌讨论，展示结果，学生点评3分钟） 1.If I were Wang Baoqiang, I would do exercise every day. 2.If I did exercise every day, I would become a muscle man. 3.If I became a muscle man, I would beat Jin Zhongguo. 虚拟语气在if 条件句中的使用 二．没钱的Jack在假设(独立完成，同桌讨论，展示结果，学生
点评2分钟) If I ______(work) hard, I _________(have) money. If I ______(have) money, I __________(buy) a ticket. If I ______(buy) a ticket, I __________ (be) on board. If I ______(be) on board, I __________ (sail) for America.三．Make a Dialogue (different answers are welcome! 同桌进行，学生点评 4分钟) 1.If today were the first day of winter holiday, what would you do? 2.If you had no homework in the holiday, what would you do? 四．翻译并观察本文中if虚拟语气，完成填空（小组合作完成，展示结果，学生点评共计10min）
高二虚拟语气优质教案
The Fifth Period 第五课时 Grammar The usage of The Subjective Mood I Teaching aims 1. Ss are able to discover and master the useful structures of The Subjective Mood 2. Ss are able to know how to use past participle II Teaching procedures Step1 find the definition of the subjective mood 【观察】 1.If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 2.I wish I could pass the examination. 【归纳】 虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 1.虚拟语气在if条件从句中的使用 【观察】 1.If I were you, I would go to bed early tonight. 如果我是你，我今晚就会早点睡。 2.If you took the bus, you would be late for the film. 如果你坐公车去看电影，那么你就会 迟到。 3.If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match. 如果杰克射进了那个 球，我们就会赢得那场足球比赛。 4.If she hadn’t come, I might have been in trouble. 如果她没来，我可能已陷入困境了。 5.I could help you if you had difficulty in doing your homework. 如果你做作业有困难，我 会帮助你的。 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out. 如果明天下雨的话，他们就不会出去。【归纳】 注意：若从句中的谓语动词是be动词的话，一律用were。 【实践】 1.If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 2. 翻译：如果我有足够的钱，我会周游世界。
(完整版)人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结
选修六知识点总结 Unit 1 I词汇及结构 1. would rather do sth情愿做…. would rather sb did sth情愿sb做… 情愿做….而不愿意做…：would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth I would rather you hadn’t told me about it yesterday.我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于它。 2.faith n. 信任,信仰be faithful to sb 忠实于某人 keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 have faith in 相信, 信任 3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text． so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that…) so many/few +n (复数) (+ that…) so much/little (不可数) (+that…) such+adj.+n.(不可数)/ n (复数) eg.1) The book is ________interesting that I want to read it again. 2) It was ________a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick. 3) It was _______cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick. 4) There are _______many mistakes in your composition that I can’t understand it. 5) He has made ________rapid progress that he got the first in the exam. 6) _______that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.（07陕西） A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business 4.consequently adv. 所以，因此 consequent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的 as a consequence/result = in consequence = so as a consequence/result of = because of 5 .aim without aim 无目的的/ 无目标的 （take）aim at 瞄准，对准 sb/ sth’s aim is to do ……的目标是…. aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准, 力求做到,力争达到 6.typical adj.典型的；具有代表性的；后接of 7. evident明白的, 明显的(apparent) be evident to sb. 对某人来说很明显 be evident in sth 在某方面很明显 8. adopt 采用，收养 adapt 改编，使适应 9. possess 用作动词时，不能用于进行时。 be possessed of sth 具有、拥有
虚拟语气用法大全
1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 （1）若表示与现在事实相反的假设，则条件从句中用过去式，主句中用过去将来式（would，should，could，might + 动词原形）；若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大，则条件从句中用should + 动词原形也可用“were to+动词原形”或用过去式动词。如： 2）若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用过去将来完成式（should，would，could，might + have + 过去分词）。如： busy． （3）含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were 这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如： （4）若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如： 2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 在动词suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。在动词wish /would rather后的宾语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。如： 3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在It is necessary/important/strange/natural；It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed；it is a pity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如： 4．虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。 在 suggestion， proposal，idea，plan，order，advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形 5．虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法 在as if引导的状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符；在so that，in order that引导的状语从句中，常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。 6．虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法： 在it is time后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟语气。 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过