英语猜词技巧练习
盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时宜自勉，岁月不待人。
Directions: Guess the meaning of each underlined word.
1.The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye．
2.The harbor is protected by a jetty—a wall built out into the water．
3.Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to
read it carefully．
4.The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few
centuries A．D．
5. A glacier is a river of ice.
6. The nation’s skies were temporarily closed to all air travel. Travelers remain frightened and are avoiding flying.
7. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.
8. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, but his wife is very thrifty.
9. The museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibitions in one day.
10. The lack of movement caused the muscle to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was
permanent. So the player could never play the game again.
11. The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
12. My uncle was a nomad, an incurable wanderer who could never stay in one place.
13. Procrastinators are people who have a chronic habit of putting things off，usually until the
last minute and sometimes until it is too late altogether．
14. Insomnia is the inability of fall asleep or sleep restlessly．
15. More recently, scientists have documented an alarmingly high occurrence of frogs with
malformations.
16. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.
17. Jean was born with spina bifida, a birth illness that damages the spine (脊骨).
18. Saint Valentine’s Day is a time of happiness for lovers．Boys like to give girls flowers as
presents．On that day, he came to see me with a forget-me-not in his hand．
19. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him．
20. The woman's feet hurt, so she went to a podiatrist．
21. Mr. Smith always arrive home punctually，neither early nor late．
22. The major points of your plan are clear to me, but the details are still hazy．
23. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”，students who take test for other
students．
24. Unlike her gregarious sister，Jane is a shy，unsociable person who does not like to go to
parties or to make new friends．
25. He had left his wet swimming trunks in the dark closet for over a week．of course they had
begun to mildew．
26. The "Chunnel"，a tunnel connecting England and France，is now completed．
27. The Greek marriage was monogamous—men and women were allowed only one spouse at a
time．
28. The breakthrough meant that it was possible to make tallow candles that would not produce
the usual smoke and rancid odor.
29. A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
30. Someone likes milk, but others abhorred it.
31. Jerry is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and
modest.
32. John loves to talk, and his sisters are similarly loquacious.
33. Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a
customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to
jeopardize his future.
34. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard
drinking as harmful.
35. Giraffe is an animal with a very long neck, four legs and orange skin with dark spots.
36. Anthropology is the scientific study of man.
37. What is plagiarism? It is using others’ ideas and words without clearly mentioning where the
information is from.
38. Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read
intelligently.
39. Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics
of electronic circuits.
40. Numbers such as 1,2,3,4,10,100 are called whole numbers, or integers.
41. The word “adolescence”means the period between children and adulthood.
42. A byline, that is, the line at the head of a newspaper article that tells the author’s name, is
rarely given to an inexperienced reporter.
43. Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York but who have returned to the
island, are called Nuvoricans.
44. Psychophysiology is a science which deals with the relationship between mind and body.
45. Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking
the opinions of others.
46. There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through
the crowd.
47. Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome
characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
48. In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself
in a difficult situation.
49. Husband：it's really cold out tonight. Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb. How
about lighting the furnace?
50. After inventing dynamite, Nobel became a very rich man.
51. The man has worked in Taiwan for a decade（ten years）since he graduated in 1992.
52. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed.
53. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read．
54. Only archaeologists can find out a lot about our early history．
55. Both the Greeks and the Romans minted coins.
56. I have a policy of penalizing heavily for late assignments.
57. I have taken the computer into the campus computer workshop but they cannot retrieve any of my files.
58. Robert was supposed to present that day but I understand he was in a serious car accident
and had to withdraw from university.
59. Though the army appropriated land and some goods, it also paid for many supplies, stimulating local economic growth.
60. Light-loving species are always among the first invaders, while shade-tolerant species appear
later in the succession.
61. Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from
precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.
62. The commonest spaces are those among the particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of
loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel.
63. Consolidated (or cemented) sediments, too, contain millions of minute water-holding pores.
64. Because bush’s laconic reply lacked specificity，it raised more questions than it answered.
65. Studies of primitive societies suggest that the earliest method of making fire was through
friction.
66. European peasants would insert a wooden drill in a round hole and rotate it briskly between
their palms this process could be speeded up by wrapping a cord around the drill and pulling on each end.
67. The ancient Greeks used lenses or concave mirrors to concentrate the sun’s rays and burning
glasses were also used by Mexican Aztecs and Chinese.
68. Percussion methods of fire-lighting date back to Paleolithic times, when some Stone Age
tool-makers discovered that chipping flints produced sparks.
69. Structures are designed to withstand the forces of compression (pushing together), tension (pulling apart), bending, or a combination of these in different parts of the structures.
70. Then he devised a way to make the piston turn a wheel and thus convert reciprocating (back
and forth) motion into rotary motion.
71. The sudden warm weather increased our indolence; we failed to complete the job.
72. When the rebels took control, they ruled by their own laws and abrogated the constitution.
73. They have sanctioned the proposed law because they know it will benefit the environment.
74. Each day she vacillated about whether to take the job; she could not make a decision.
75. The officious clerk interfered in things that were not his concern and often annoyed his
coworkers.
76. A facile assignment is completed easily and quickly.
77. Some may have slithered into the United States. The world trade center bombing brought
home the need to have good intelligence on terrorists.
78. Congress and white house still deluge the agency with requests for intelligence on the former
Soviet Union.
79. CIA officers still have to elude Russian agents who trail them as closely as the old KGB did.
80. We are now still living in jungle filled with a bewildering variety of poisonous snakes.
81. Tracking phony passports, CIA officers try to…
82. Congress now questions why the intelligence establishment needs a lavish budget.
83. Political candidates like to dispense cash to potential voters.
84. Harsh sentences were recently meted out to local newspaper editors found guilty of defaming
the country’s leaders.
85. A student can usually receive a grant from the public authorities to cover his expenses.
86. They described him as a loom, or a foolish man.
87. One of the obstacles to fast reading is vocalizing—saying the words to themselves in a low voice．
88. In your spare time, you may look through any of these periodicals: Time Magazine, News Week or the New Worker.
89. It’s said that Bill Gates is the most affluent person in the world.
90. Everyone agreed that the woman in the photo was gorgeous. It was easy to see why she had
won the beauty contest.
(完整版)高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
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猜词技巧练习题
Exercise 1 Guess the meaning of the italicized words in the following sentences , using the context clues . 1. Reducing salt intake towards an average of five grams a day would probably result in a lower incidence (发生率) of hypertension——high blood pressure . 2 . A creature that can live in both air and water is called amphibian 3 . Arable land is land suitable for plowing and for the cultivation of crops . 4. He sold a panacea that he claimed was good for relieving stomach distress , headaches, fever , muscular disorders , seasickness and every other disease. 5 . The word arbiter means a person having the authority to decide a matter in dispute . 6 . Combustion is the chemical process by which light and heat are produced , usually by the uniting of substance with oxygen, which occurs when anything is burned in air. 7 . The medical condition in which one loses one half of one 's field of vision is known as hemianopsia . 8 . Homologous means to be alike in proportion, value, or Structure, to be in a corresponding position.
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盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时宜自勉，岁月不待人。 Directions: Guess the meaning of each underlined word. 1.The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye． 2.The harbor is protected by a jetty—a wall built out into the water． 3.Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully． 4.The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few centuries A．D． 5. A glacier is a river of ice. 6. The nation’s skies were temporarily closed to all air travel. Travelers remain frightened and are avoiding flying. 7. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. 8. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, but his wife is very thrifty. 9. The museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibitions in one day. 10. The lack of movement caused the muscle to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the game again. 11. The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel. 12. My uncle was a nomad, an incurable wanderer who could never stay in one place. 13. Procrastinators are people who have a chronic habit of putting things off，usually until the last minute and sometimes until it is too late altogether． 14. Insomnia is the inability of fall asleep or sleep restlessly． 15. More recently, scientists have documented an alarmingly high occurrence of frogs with malformations. 16. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold. 17. Jean was born with spina bifida, a birth illness that damages the spine (脊骨). 18. Saint Valentine’s Day is a time of happiness for lovers．Boys like to give girls flowers as presents．On that day, he came to see me with a forget-me-not in his hand．
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阅读理解 ---词义猜测题 最新的高考英语《考试大纲》中对读的要求有明确规定，考生应该能够根据上下文准确推测生词词义。因此，猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是对阅读能力的考察。 一、利用重述：信号词: or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e. 1. It will be very hard but very brittle— that is , it will break easily.(adj. 易碎的, 脆的) 2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.(n.牧羊人) 3. (2006福建) The schools are reluctant to take time off—even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off. 59.The underlined word “reluctant” in the passage may probably mean_______. A. kind B. unwilling C. free D. careless 4. According to a report published on the British medical magazine, The Lancet, a study of 10 German mobile phone users found that when they turned on their phones, their blood pressure went up.(2003全国) This word “The lancet” is most probably___ A. the name of a magazine B. the name of a person C. the name of the hospital D. the title of a medical report 5. In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water, their fields.灌溉 6. All whales fall into two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.有牙齿的 二、通过定语或同位语关系等进行判断。 1. Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. (disagreed) 2. She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly 3. Ellen, like most of the waitresses, is also a student. She comes from Nebraska, but she’s planning one day to be a veterinary surgeon, and to care for small animals. But in order to support herself at college, she works twenty hours a week at the Holiday Inn. The phase “a veterinary surgeon”probably means ___. A.an animal doctor B. an animal trainer C. a hotel manager D. a hotel waiter 4. (2002全国) A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. 74. What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests 5.Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person’s lungs and his heartbeats.听诊器 6.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.魔术师 三、利用文中的关联词如：but, however, and, yet, otherwise, while, though, on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing, instead of等或者根据转折或对比关系进行判断。 1. Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. adj. 巨大的 2. The King of Pop, Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009 in Los Angeles. Around the world , fans reacted to the news of his death. A woman said, “ Michael Jackson has done so much for music world that he’s just invincible.” The underlined word " invincible " means ____. A.unworthy B. unbelievable C. uncomfortable D. incomparable 3. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.污秽的 4. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.节约的 5. In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.混乱 6. If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.不同意 7. Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate.天生的 8. Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.无辜的 四、利用上下文通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。信号词: or, like , as…as, the same as 1. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.圆胖的 2. Twelve－year－old Sally was an active girl, but her sister was quite sedate． A pretty B calm C protective D energetic .五、利用定义或解释说明：信号词：be, be called, means, be defined as 1. A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust(刺) the skin and then drink blood.蚊子 2. The word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood. A 少儿期B。幼儿期 C 青春期 D 成人期 3. A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.木匠 4. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.动物学家 6. We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.夜班 六、利用因果关系：信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so…that, such…that, thus 1. Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.弹性的 2. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.混浊的 3. Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.复制品 4. He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.精明的 5. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.修剪 七、利用举例法：信号词: such, such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of 1.Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes.装置 2.On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.家禽 八、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理 1.When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
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高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
英语高考猜词策略 猜测词义在英语高考中起到至关重要的作用，以下几种策略在英语学习中经常应用，才能潜移默化地让学生们掌握更多的词汇。 一.定义法 1. It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily. 2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year. 3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year. 定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由is，or，that is (to say), in other words，be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示 二.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等 1 With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence 2. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. … A.商店里的小偷 B.商店里的推销员 C.商店里的老客户 D.商店里的搬运工 三.根据同义词，反义词关系 1. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. 2. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”. 3. In many nations there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth． 小结:and ,or ,such as, like，for example, for instance常连接同义词组。 四. 根据同位语关系 1. Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1874 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was an expert in phonetics, the study of the sounds of language. 2. We are on the night shift ----from midnight to 8 a.m.---this week. 夜班 五. 根据因果关系 1.A l l h i s a t t e m p t s t o u n l o c k t h e d o o r w a s f u t i l e,b e c a u s e s h e w a s u s i n g t h e w r o n g k e y. 2.S h e d i d n o t h e a r w h a t y o u s a i d b e c a u s e s h e w a s c o m p l e t e l y e n g r o s s e d i n h e r r e a d i n g. 小结: 常用关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result,s o… that, such … that，therefore等)表示前因后果。 六.根据对比和转折关系 Our maths professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones，however，we feel that they are intricate and hard to solve. 小结: 表转折关系的词常有如but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though，on the contrary 七. 根据上下文线索 1. The weather in Hawaii is always mild. It is pleasant and warm. There is usually a light wind to cool the air. How do you guess the underlined word "mild" meaning? 八. 根据生活常识 1. In old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves a large quantity of dowry. 2. Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. What‟s the meaning of …dowry‟ and… wither‟? 英语单词记忆法 我们在指导考生备考实践中也积累了许多扩大词汇量的好方法,下面介绍几种。 1.归类记忆：英语中有些动词后接不定式或动名词作宾语时有严格的区别，可以将它们分别归类，只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：decide，expect，refuse，wish，hope，order，promise，pretend，offer，happen，seem，make up one′s mind，used，be about，be able等；只接动名词作宾语的词和词组有：mind，risk，avoid，enjoy，escape，keep，appreciate，practise，delay，finish，feel like，can′t help，keep(on)，miss，be used to，excuse，be worth，imagine，put off等。这样，既可记住词汇，又可攻克语法难关。 或词与词之间的外部逻辑关系记忆单词。(1)把几个字母看做一个组合来记，如：“-ight”——light，right，fight，night，might，sight，tight。(2)外旧内新，如：bridge“桥”看成b＋ridge(ridge“山脊”)；sharp看成s＋harp(harp“竖琴”)。(3)外新内旧，如：cleave“劈开”看成c＋leave；tact“机智”看成t＋act等。 3.联想记忆：(1)音与形的联想。例如tomb的读音为[tu：m]，很像“土墓”，进而联想出“坟墓”的含义。(2)形与义的联想。例如eye可想象y为鼻子，而两个e为左、右两只眼睛。(3)象声词，联想实际的声音，如：bang撞门声，coo咕咕声。 4.分类记忆：把单词划分门类，如：动物、植物等，进行分类记忆。你可以找一本分类字典作为参考。 5.卡片记忆：自己制作单词卡片随时随身记忆，卡片写上单词的词形、词性、词义、音标、搭配、例句等。 6.构词记忆：通过构词法记忆单词，能克服机械记忆单词的枯燥乏味和容易遗忘的问题。 (1) 合成词（compounding）.如：hardware(硬件)，network（网络）。 (2) 转化（conversion）.转化是由一种单词类转为另一种词类，如：air(n)(空气) air(v)(通风)。 (3) 派生（derivation）.主要是通过前、后缀词构成新词。 (4) 缩写词（abbreviation）,又叫截短词(clipping)。 (5) 混合词（blending）.如：comsat通信卫星，newcast新闻广播等。 (6) 创新词（neology）. 7.阅读记忆（语境记忆）：通过阅读英语文章、小说等记忆单词，注意难度要适宜。 8.同义词、反义词记忆：通过同义词一起进行单词记忆，可确切理解词义;通过反义词一起进行单词记忆，可以扩大词义。 9.比较记忆：(1)英汉(译音)比较，如：mama(妈妈)，cigar(雪茄)，beer(啤酒)，bar(酒吧)，fee(费用)等。(2)单复数的比较，如：good—goods，spirit—spirits，wood—woods。 (3)同音词的比较，如：right—write，eye—I。 (4)词的阴阳性的比较，如：actor—actress，host—hostess。 最后，近日读书时，偶得一记忆方法“口诀”，可看做上述复习方法的总结，现摘录于下，与考生共勉： (1)记单词，要“五到”，眼嘴手脑齐开炮；读写背默各几遍，印象清晰记得牢。(“五到”记忆法) (2)记过单词记心边，几天之后再看看；似忘非忘又温习，反反复复印心间。(循环记忆法) (3)单词多了别心烦，分片分组来攻占；五个一组先吃掉，几组连成一大片。(分组记忆法) (4)结合词组句子记，有情有景有意义；重点段落须背诵，理解深刻有乐趣。(理解记忆法) (5)要想单词不写错，语音一关还得过；读音规律掌握好，拼写自然少差错。(语音记忆法) (6)分类归纳便于记，同类词汇放一起；bike，plane和jeep，归到交通工具里。(归纳记忆法) (7)同义近义反义词，辨析对比来记忆，比较对照才开窍，印象深刻记得牢。(对比记忆法) (8)单词长了容易忘，卡片纸条来帮忙；mathematics不好记，纸条贴到《数学》上。(卡片记忆法) (9)构词法，要学习，前缀后缀有规律；转换常把词类变，合成本是二合一。(构词记忆法) (10)课外读物有情趣，单词复现便于记；只要坚持常阅读，一举数得大有益。(阅读记忆法)