定语从句语法知识点总结(表格版)

定语从句

【区别】限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰作用(相当于形容词的作用,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。)非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用,先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开,句子相当于并列句,状语从句。

【注】当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰主句内容时,若as或which作主语,则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。例:

初中英语定语从句知识点总结

初中英语定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句的定义 定语从句是英语语法中的重要组成部分,它是一个句子作为定语修饰一个名词或代词的成分。定语从句通常用于描述、限制被修饰的名词或代词,进一步说明该词的用途、性质、特征等。 二、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与被修饰词的关系,可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰词的内涵进行限制,没有它则意思不完整;非限制性定语从句是对被修饰词的补充说明,起到一种附加说明的作用,如果去掉,意思仍然完整。 三、定语从句的关系词 关系词是连接定语从句和主句的纽带,关系词包括that、which、who、whom、as等。它们在定语从句中充当一定的成分,并且可以替代先行词。 1. that:既可以作为关系代词,也可以作为副词。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,指人或事物。作主语时,谓语动词为人称代词,如:The girl that I like is standing over there.(我喜欢的女孩正在那站着。)作宾语时,可省略。作表语时,多用于there be结构之后。 2. which:作为关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指物。可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。如:This is the book which I bought yesterday.(这就是我昨天买的书。)

3. who/whom:作为关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。who在从句中做主语,whom在从句中做宾语。如:The teacher who is standing there is my English teacher.(站在那的老师是我的英语老师。) 4. as:作为关系代词,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,既可指人也可指物。例如:He is an artist as we all know.(他是一位我们大家都知道的艺术家。) 四、定语从句的用法 1. 限制性定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰词之后,有逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句通常由逗号连接,起着补充说明的作用。 2. 关系代词作介词宾语时,介词放在关系代词之前;否则应放在that/which/whom之前。作动词宾语时则直接在先行词后接宾补,而在动词后面一般用不用介词。例如:This is the room where we lived last year.(这是我们去年住过的房子。)介词“where”在动词live后,“la st year”之前;“where”取代“which”作介词“lived”的宾语。I like the story about the boy who was saved from the fire.(我非常喜欢这个男孩的故事。)介词“from the fire”在先行词“the boy”之后,“who”取代“whom”作介词“from”的宾补。 3. 当先行词本身带有定语时,关系代词应放在先行词之后。例如:The girl whose name is Alice is my sister.(名叫艾丽斯的女孩是我的妹妹。)关系代词“whose”应放在“name”之后,“is”之前。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结 一.几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。 4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。 (1)关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as (2)关系副词:when/where/why 5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。(as除外) 6.引导词的功能(作用): (1)连接先行词和定语从句。 (2)在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。 7.定语从句的类型: (1)限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。 ① 直接由引导词引导定语从句 The man who you’re talking to is my friend. ② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导 The man to whom you’re talking is my friend. I need a pen with which I can write a letter. =I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter. 介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如: The man who/whom/that I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The palace which/that I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century. =The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century. (2)非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。 ① 直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。 I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree. There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples. This is the man to whom I gave the book. ③ 由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”先行词指 人用whom,指物用which引导。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。 He has five children, two of whom are abroad. 比较:He has five children, and two of them are abroad. We have three books, none of which is/are interesting. 比较:We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting. 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外,其余引导词都可以,用法同限定性定 语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。 1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。 2.非限定性定语从句的作用:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。 The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital. (那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤) The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital. (那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)

定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句复习 一、语法知识归纳 定语从句( Attributive Clause) 句子作定语叫做定语从句。定语从句放在先行词之后。 Ⅰ定语从句的引导词:关系代词和关系副词。 1. 关系代词(Relative pronoun) Do you still remember the chicken farm (that) we visited three months ago? I live in the house whose window faces the street. (=I live in the house the window of which faces the street.) 2. 关系副词 We are living in an age when many things are done on computer. Ⅱ定语从句的分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句 (一)限制性定语从句的基本特征:限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完整。从句与先行词之间没有逗号。 He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.) (二)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 1. that, which 当先行词指物,并且关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,用which/that引导定语从句。 在限制性定语从句中有些情况下只能用关系代词that,不用which。 (1) 当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。 You should hand in all that you have. (2) 当先行词前面被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. (3) 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. (4) 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。 This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. (5) 当先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? (6) 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

定语从句知识点归纳

Page 1 关系词 关系副词 that which whom whose as when why who where 正确使用关系词 主语宾语表语定语 状语 指 功 时间地点原因功 在以下几种场合只能用that A.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定 代词修饰All that can be done has been done. B.先行词兼有指人和指物的名词 C.先行词(指物)被 the very, the only, the next, the last 等修饰 D.先行词(指物)被形容词最高级和序数词修饰 This is the best TV that is made in China. E. 当主句是which/who 引导的特殊疑问句 1、在非限制性定语从句中,指事物用which ,指人用who 或whom. 2、在介词后面,指事物用 which ,指人用whom. 在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词? 方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配 方法2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配 方法 3、根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配 名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom 知多少? 名词/代词/数词+ of 表示物用which 表示人用whom 如何恰当使用when ,where , why 与which, that 引导的定语从句? 1. 先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词,用来引导定语从句.when ,where, why 在从句中作状语 相当于相应的介词+which 2. 若定语从句缺主语或宾语,用which 或that 引导定语从句。 如何用好whose 引导的定语从句? as 和 which 的区别知多少? as 作为关系代词,既可以引导限制性定语从句,又可以引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做主语、宾语或表语. as 引导的限制性定语从句 此时先行词前常被such,the same, so,as 修饰, 即构成such …as , the same …as, so …as, as …as 结构,做题时容易 忽略。 提示:在做有关定语从句题目时,如果选项中 出现as, 请先考虑是否考查as 引导的定语 从 句 。 1、用于非限制性定语从句时,可以指代整个主句的内容,as 和which 可以换用。 He left her, as/ which was strange. 2、as 引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容,从句可置于句首,句中和句尾。 As everyone knows, Tom is good at English. 3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时,常用as 作主语。as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ discussed 等。 As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China. 4、as 引导非限制性定语从句,有“正如”的含义,因此,下列句式中多用as:

定语从句总结表格

定语从句总结表格 定语从句总结表格,一起来看看吧。 定语从句 关系 代词指代例句 who指人,宠物,This is the man who helped me. whose所有格, 指人,物This is the boss whose name is Michael. whom宾语, 指人The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. that人,物, 主语或动宾This is the boy that broke the window. which人,物,The building which is in front of you 主语或介宾 is our school. I am going to drop out school, (非限) which makes my parents worried. 关系 副词 when从句时间Do you remember the day when he came to see you?难点Is Sheba the dog who was killed last year? (指代动物)This is the boss in whose company my farther is working now. (复杂结构)whose = the…of which (P314)There was no one to whom I can turn for help.(复杂结构)of whom (其中) most of whom, none of whom…He is the only person that I want to talk to. (不用which) (P315)作表语: He is no longer the man that he used to be.of which (其中) most of which, none of whichin which case / during which

(完整版)定语从句知识点大全

(完整版)定语从句知识点大全 什么是定语从句? 定语从句是英语中常用的一种修饰句子成分的从句形式。它通 常用来修饰名词或代词,在句子中起定语的作用。定语从句一般由 关系代词或关系副词引导,并且与被修饰的名词或代词有一定的关系。 关系代词的用法 关系代词用来代替先行词,并引导定语从句。常用的关系代词有: - who: 指人,作主语 - whom: 指人,作宾语 - which: 指物,作主语或宾语 - whose: 所有格,指人或物 - that: 指人或物,作主语或宾语 关系副词的用法 关系副词用来引导定语从句,并表示地点、时间、原因等关系。常用的关系副词有:

- where: 表示地点 - when: 表示时间 - why: 表示原因 定语从句的形式 定语从句可以是限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。 限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是对先行词进行限定和修饰的从句,如果去掉,整个句子的意思就不完整或失去了关键信息。限制性定语从句通常 使用关系代词和关系副词引导,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明,它对整个句子的 意思并不具有限制作用,就算去掉也不会影响主句的表达。非限制 性定语从句通常使用逗号将其和主句隔开,关系代词在从句中作主 语或宾语。 定语从句的位置 定语从句可以放在先行词之后,也可以放在先行词之前。

定语从句的例句 - I have a friend who lives in New York.(非限制性定语从句)- The book that you borrowed is on the desk.(限制性定语从句) 以上就是关于定语从句的一些基本知识点。定语从句在英语语法中是一个重要的内容,掌握好定语从句的用法可以有效地提升我们的写作水平。希望本文对您有所帮助!

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句的概念 定语从句是形容词从句的一种,是一个由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰性从句,用来对 句子中的名词或代词进行进一步的修饰和限定。定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,并且在句子中担当形容词的作用。 二、定语从句的引导词 在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词起到引导作用,其中关系代词包括who、whom、whose、which和that等,而关系副词包括where、when和why等。这些关系代词和关 系副词通常用来引导定语从句,并且根据句子结构和修饰的对象不同而确定使用哪一个引 导词。 三、关系代词的用法 1. who和whom who用来修饰主语,而whom则用来修饰宾语,例如:The girl who is standing there is my sister.(那个站在那儿的女孩是我的妹妹。) I have a friend whom I can trust.(我有一个我可以信任的朋友。) 2. which which用来修饰非人的名词,例如:I like the book which you gave me.(我喜欢你给我的 那本书。) 3. that that既可用来修饰人也可用来修饰非人,例如:The dress that she is wearing is very beautiful.(她穿的那条裙子非常漂亮。) The person that you are talking about is my brother.(你说的那个人是我哥哥。) 4. whose whose表示所有关系,常用来修饰人或物,例如:This is the girl whose bike was stolen yesterday.(这就是昨天被偷车的那个女孩。) 四、关系副词的用法 1. where where用来修饰地点,例如:This is the place where I was born.(这就是我出生的地方。)

定语从句必考知识点总结

定语从句必考知识点总结 一、定语从句的构成 定语从句是由关系词引导的从句,关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。关系代词包括:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词包括:when, where, why。 定语从句的构成主要有两种形式:一种是直接连接定语从句,另一种是间接连接定语从句。 1. 直接连接定语从句:直接连接定语从句的情况比较简单,通常是使用关系代词或关系副 词来引导从句。 例句: This is the book that I want to read. 这就是我想要读的书。 I don't know the reason why he is absent today. 我不知道他今天缺席的原因是什么。 2. 间接连接定语从句:间接连接定语从句通常是通过介词+which/whom/whose来引导的。 例句: The girl with whom he is talking is my sister. 他正在和那个女孩交谈的人是我妹妹。 The house in which I live is very beautiful. 我住的房子非常漂亮。 二、关系代词的使用 关系代词在定语从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用,同时在从句中充当名词的成分。其中,who, whom, whose, which, that 是关系代词,对于不同的情况需要选择不同的关系代词。 1. who:指人,作主语。 例句: This is the girl who won the first prize in the competition. 这就是那个在比赛中获得一等奖的女孩。 2. whom:指人,作宾语。

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结 定语从句是一个复杂的句子成分,是一个结构完整的句子,可以放在句子的任何位置,它的基本结构是一个关系词加上从句,它能修饰某一个名词或代词,用来说明这个名词或代词的含义,起着非常重要的作用。 一、定语从句的定义 定语从句是一个复杂的句子成分,是一个结构完整的句子,可以放在句子的任何位置,它的基本结构是一个关系词加上从句,它能修饰某一个名词或代词,用来说明这个名词或代词的含义,起着非常重要的作用。 二、定语从句的关系词 1. 关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose; 2. 关系副词:when,where,why; 3. 关系介词:of which,in which,for which,with which,to which,from which。 三、定语从句的种类 1. 限定定语从句:它的作用是限定被修饰的名词,该句中的关系词用that,which,或者不用任何关系词; 2. 非限定定语从句:它的作用是提供关于被修饰名词的补充信息,该句中的关系词用which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why等; 3. 特殊疑问句定语从句:它的作用是引导定语从句来提问被修

饰的名词,它的关系词用who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why等。 四、定语从句的使用 1. 定语从句可以用来描述人、物、地点或时间等; 2. 定语从句可以改写定语从句,例如把定语从句改写成非限定性定语从句、特殊疑问句定语从句等; 3. 定语从句可以用来替换复合句,以便使句子简洁明了; 4. 定语从句也可以用来替换主从复合句,以便使句子更加紧凑整洁。

定语从句中which和that的区别表格总结

定语从句中which和that的区别表格总结 定语从句that与which区别如下: which与that在定语从句中被称为:关系代词。 which引导定语从句时,先行词是物,在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语。 that引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是人,也可以是物,在从句中也可做主语、宾语、表语。 关于which和that的常考点: 一、在限制性定语从句中,只能用that不能用which的情况: 1)当先行词是指物的不定代词。 例:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 2)当先行词前面有下列词修饰时:the only,the very,just,any,every,some等。 例:This is the very busy that I’m waiting for. 3)当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 例子:This is the best that has been used against pollution. 4)当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时。 例:The train is the last that will go to Suzhou. 5)当先行词既有人,又有物。 例:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 6)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 例:which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 7)主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时。 例:there is a seat in the corner that is still available. 二、当先行词指物,定语从句中只能用which不用that的情况: 1)在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which。 2)当动词短语中的介词提前时,只能用which。 3)先行词后面有插入语时,只能用which。 例:Here is the English grammar book which,as I’ve told you,will help you improve your English. 4)先行词本身就是that时。 例:What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?

定语从句知识点汇总

定语从句 ◆英语谚语欣赏 1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing. 不懂装懂,一事无成. 2. It’s the first step that costs.千里之行,始于足下 3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊,迟早要喂狼. Ⅰ. 概念: (1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用: 1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词; 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语) 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、where The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 定语从句三步: 第一找出先行词; 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语); 第三选择合适的关系词。 Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法: ●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语) 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语) 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语) 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. = Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be. ●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语。如: 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语) 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语) 3. The factory in which his father works is far from here. 4. He was proud, which his brother never was. (表语) 5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.(定语)

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