英语单词用法辨析

英语单词用法辨析

一、表示“特殊的，特别的”意义的单词用法辨析：

1. special，指不同于一般、与众不同，突出与一般不同。

例如：He has something special to do today. 他今天有特别的事情要办。

2. especial较正式，侧重表达特殊的意义或重要性。

例如：This is a matter of especial importance. 这是一件特别重大的事情。

3. specific着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性。

例如：This village has its specific landscape. 这个小镇有独特的风光。

另表示“特殊的，特别的”之意的形容词还有particular, exceptional, extraordinary, peculiar它们又有什么区别呢？

Particular，侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性。

Exceptional，指不同于一般，本身是特别的或异常的事物。

Extraordinary，语气比exceptional强，指极大地超过一般或正常情况。Peculiar，强调指与众不同或独特的意思。

二、although与though的用法辨析

1.用作连词，表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式：

Though [Although] it was raining，we went there. 虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。

Though [Although] it was barely four o’clock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟，灯已经亮了。

Though [Although] we are poor, we are still happy. 我们虽然穷，仍然很快活。

2.用作副词，although 一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首)，意为“可是”、“不过”：

It’s hard work; I enjoy it though.工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。

He is looking fit, though. 但他看起来很健康。

You can count on him, though. 不过你可以指靠他。

3.用于习语

在 as though(好像，仿佛)，even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能

用 although：

She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。

We felt as though we had witnessed the whole thing. 我们感到仿佛目击了整个这件事似的。

He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管我反对过他，我还得说他是一个诚实的人。

She was always afraid of men, even though she had lots of boyfriends. 尽管她有很多男朋友，她总是害怕男人。

4.用于倒装

though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但 although 一般不这样用：

Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的。

Child though he was, he did quite well. 他虽是孩子，但干得很好。

三、therefore 和thus 的用法辨析：

1.词义不同：

therefore 因此，所以；用于对某事物进行推论，或结果；

thus 如此，这样，以此方式；强调用什么方式或达到某种程度或范围。2.用法不同

1）therefore adv. 常用在句子的开头，通常都会用在总结一段文章的总结之前。

He was down with the flu, and therefore couldn't come to the party.

他患了流行性感冒，因此未能前来参加宴会。

He was down with the flu, and therefore couldn't come to the party.

他患了流行性感冒，因此未能前来参加宴会。

2）thus adv. (and thus) 也可以用在句子的开头，中间或结尾。

Some people are more capable and thus better paid than others.

有些人更有能力一些，因此也比别人挣得多。

3）therefore 要加逗号，后面跟句子（注意是句子）；

thus 不一定要加逗号，后面不一定跟句子。

I was helping my sister with her study. Therefore, I failed to pass the exam.

我在帮助妹妹学习。因此，我没有通过考试。

Air carry the virus to everywhere, thus causing the explosion of the disease.

（无逗号，thus 后面不是句子）

Air carry the virus to everywhere. Thus, it causes the explosion of the disease.

（逗号，thus 后面是句子）

空气携带病毒到各处，从而导致疾病的爆发。