高中英语宾语从句重点语法讲解及精练
宾语从句
宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一，引导词
A,由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it 做形式宾语。例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例：I don’t know whether the movie sta r will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，从句要用过去完成时态。
例:1)She says that she is a student.She said that she was a student.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum?
一、高中宾语从句要点之时态的呼应
1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据情况使用各种时态。例如:
I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/ she will be here tomorrow.)
2. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应使用过去时态的某种形式。例如:
He said he was watching TV(he had swept the floor/ he would play football after school)。
3. 如宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等,从句不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
二、高中宾语从句要点之引导词的使用
1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,that常无具体意义,一般可省略。例如: Lin Tao thought(that)the TV play was very boring.
2. 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时,要用if或whether来引导从句。例如:
David asked his mother if/ whether she liked the dinner last night.
3. 当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来时,原句中的疑问词充当连接代词(如who, whose, what, which)或连接副词(如when, where, why, how),引导宾语从句。例如:
Do you know what we can do on the island?
I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.
三、高中宾语从句要点之语序的陈述化
宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序。例如:
When did he leave? I want to know. →I want to k now when he left.
Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?
四、高中宾语从句要点之否定转移
当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上。例如:
I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?
I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?
4. Can you tell me _________she is waiting for?
A.why
B. whose
C.
whom D. which
5.—Be careful! Don't break the bottles. Do you hear ____ I said, Jim?
—Yes, mum. (2002陕西)
A.what
B.that
C.why
D.if
6 —I don't know ____ Mr Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.(2002杭州)
A.why
B.when
C.how
D.where
7.－Do you know ____Miss Gao will leave?
—Tomorrow morning.(2000济南）
A.when
B.what
C.who
D.where
KEY:4.C 5.A 6.A 7.A
技巧点拨:解以上这类题目时，可采用逆推法，即根据答语来选择疑问词。如第7道题，根据答语Tomorrow morning可知对其提问应用when。
高中英语语法英语宾语从句练习题
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
1. I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. _______ he comes, I'll tell you．
A. if; Whether
B. whether; Whether
C. if; That
D. if; If
2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come
B. how will he come
C. if he comes
D. whether he'll come
3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. where
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended
5. I want to know _________. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking aft
6. Do you know where _________ now?
A. he lives
B. does he live
C. he lived
D. did he live
7. Do you know what time _________?
A. the train leave
B. does the train leave
C. will the train leave
D. the train leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?
A. how the two players are old
B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old
D. how old the two players are
9. The small children don't know _________.
A. what is their stockings in
B. what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in
D. what in their stockings
10. I can't understand _________.
A. what does Christmas mean
B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does
D. what Christmas means
II. 按要求转换句型。
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China?
2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.
4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________.
5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写)
They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
宾语从句专项训练参考答案：I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD II. 1. if／whether;
enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves
1.Can you see________?A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading
C. what does he read
D. he reads what
2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
3._What did your son say in the letter? _He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
A.will visit
B. has visited
C. is going to visit
D. would visit
4.He didn’t know__________
A.what’s the matter
B.what the matter is
C. what was the matter
D. what the matter was
5.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
A.who were they
B. who they were
C. who was it
D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
A.what is his name
B. what’s his name
C. that his name is
D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
A.that
B.whose C .who D.which
8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
B.How many persons have died in Iraq
C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
9.Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
10.Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
11.Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
9 who is singing
10 who she is talking with
11 what happened yesterday
一．选择正确的答案.
( ) 1. I don’t know ___________________.
A. what does he like best
B. what he like best
C. what he does like best
D. what he likes best
( ) 2. Can you tell me ______________________?
A. where she lives
B. where does she live
C. she lives
where D. where she live
( ) 3. He asked me _______________________________.
A. what time is it
B. what time it is
C. what time was it
D. what time it was
( ) 4. Do you know _______________________?
A. how much did it cost
B. how much it did cost
C. how much it cost
D. how much does it cost
( ) 5. The man asked her _______________________.
A. why did she do it
B. why she did it
C. why she does
D. why does she do it
( ) 6. Nobody knows _________________________.
A. when will she come back
B. when she come back
C. when she will come back
D. when does she come back
( ) 7. Mum asked _______________________________.
A. where he was
B. where was he
C. where he is
D. where is he
( ) 8. Do you know _______________________________?
A. what they are looking for
B. what are they looking for
C, they are looking for what D. what do they look for
( ) 9. The teacher asked ________________________________.
A, who can answer this question B. who could answer the question
C. what question did she ask
D. she answered this question
( ) 10. I asked her ______________________________.
A. whether he has been to Australia
B. whether has he been to Australia
C. whether he had been to Australia
D. whether he goes to Australia
( ) 11. The teacher told us ________________________________.
A. that light traveled faster than sound
B. if light traveled faster than sound.
C. that light travels faster than sound
D. if light travels faster than sound
( ) 12. He said that __________________________________.
A. he is doing his homework
B. he does his homework
C. he was doing his homework
D. he do his homework
( ) 13. I asked him _________________________.
A. where did he go
B. where he went
C. where does he go
D. where he did go
( ) 14. --Excuse me, could you tell me _____ get to the plane? --Certainly. Go straight alone here.
A. how can we
B. how we can
C. when can we
D. when we can
( ) 15. Do you know ___________he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?
A. when
B. where
C. whether
D. how
( ) 16. --Can you tell me why __________________? --Because I want to help the people there.
A. do you go to Tibet
B. did you go to Tibet
C. are you going to Tibet
D. you are going to Tibet
( ) 17. Do you know _______________________________?
A. what time does the train leave
B. what time leaves the train
C. what time the train leave
D. what time the train leaves
( ) 18. Did he tell you ____________________at the school gate?
A. who he waited for
B. who he is waiting
C. who did he wait for
D. who he was waiting
( ) 19. Could you tell me _______________________?
A. who is he
B. where’s the nearest restaurant
C. if he will come tomorrow
D. which way is to the underground station
( ) 20. --Do you know______?
--Sorry. I don’t know. You may ask the woman over there.
A. when the shop opens
B. when is the shop open
C. when does the shop open
D. when will the shop open
( ) 21. I don’t feel well. Mum asked me ______________-this morning.
A. what the matter is
B. what is wrong
C. what was the matter
D. what wrong was
( ) 22. You must remember ________________________.
A. what your teacher said
B. what did your teacher say
C. your teacher said what
D. what has your teacher said
( ) 23. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me __________________________?
A. where is the bank nearest
B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is
D. the nearest bank is where
( ) 24. We want to know ____________________in the future.
A. what is our life like
B. what our life is like
C. what will our life like
D. what our life will be like
( ) 25 --Dad, do you know ______________________? --In half an hour.
A. when will the football game start B when the football game will start
C. when is the football game going to start
D.when shall we start the football game
( ) 26. Could you tell me _______________________?
A. which bus they are waiting for
B. which bus are they waiting for
C. they’re waiting for which bus
D. which bus they wait
( ) 27. I asked her __________________________.
A. whether did she like the red one
B. whether she likes the red one
C. whether does she like the red one
D. whether she liked the red one
( ) 28. I shall take back __________________just now.
A. that I said
B. what did I say
C. how I said D, what I said
( ) 29. He asked me ____________he had come here or not.
A. why
B. how
C. that
D. whether
( ) 30. Can you guess ___________________the people in the picture are ?
A. when
B. whom
C. whose
D. who
( ) 31. I’m thinking about ________________________________.
A. if I’ll help her
B. whether I’ll help her
C. what I’ll help her
D. that I help her
( ) 32. --We never know _____________. --They say he is a teacher.
A. what the old man is
B. what is the old man
C. who is the old man
D. which the old man is
( ) 33. --Can I help you? --Yes, can you tell me ___________________?
A. how can I use the telephone
B. where is the washing room
C. which is the most popular book
D. when is the shop closed
( ) 34. --Do you know ____ Mr. Black’s address?
--He may live at NO. 28 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ____________.
A. where, which
B. where, what
C. what, which
D. what, where
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．
A. if; Whether
B. whether; Whether
C. if; That
D. if; If
2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come
B. how will he come
C. if he comes
D. whether he'll come
3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. where
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?
A. how did he mend
B. what did he mend
C. how he mended
D. what he mended
5. I want to know _________.
A. whom is she looking after
B. whom she is looking
C. whom is she looking
D. whom she is looking after
6. Do you know where _________ now?
A. he lives
B. does he live
C. he lived
D. did he live
7. Do you know what time _________?
A. the train leave
B. does the train leave
C. will the train leave
D. the train leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?
A. how the two players are old
B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old
D. how old the two players are
9. The small children don't know _________.
A. what is their stockings in
B. what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in
D. what in their stockings
10. I can't understand _________.
A. what does Christmas mean
B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does
D. what Christmas means
II. 按要求转换句型。
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China?
2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.
4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________.
5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写) They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
宾语从句专项训练参考答案：
I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD
II. 1. if／whether; enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
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