辅音(1)
辅音(1)
辅音：发音时受到发音器官的阻碍发出的声音，它相当于汉语拼音当中＿＿＿＿的功能，唯一与其不同的是它可以放在元音之后发音，而＿＿＿＿则不能。
并且辅音与＿＿＿＿一样都不能单独作为一个音节来发音，而元音跟韵母就可以单独发音。
辅音有28个，分为爆破音，摩擦音，塞擦音，流音，鼻音和滑音。
1.爆破音：有3组，6个音素，包括∕p∕与∕b∕，∕t∕与∕d∕, ∕k∕与∕g∕；1)∕p∕与∕b∕∕p∕的发音技巧：如果拿一张纸放于嘴前，纸会颤动（说明有很大的气流送出）。
与汉字中的“泼”字发音相似；与∕p∕发音相对应的字母是P,也就是说P的发音总是∕p∕。
pit∕pit∕ pet∕pet∕宠物 pen ∕pen∕ pig∕pig∕猪 paper∕peip ∕纸lip/lip/ please/pli:z/ happy/h pi/快乐的 cup/k p/杯子∕b∕的发音不如∕p∕重，较轻，与汉字中的“波”字发音相似；与∕b∕发音相对应的字母是b.big/big/大的 box/b ks/盒子 bag/b g/包 book/b k/书top/t p/ hope/h p/ web/web/网 rib/rib/2)∕t∕与∕d∕∕t∕相当于汉字中的“特”，与发音其相对应的字母是t;time/taim/时间 tea/ti:/茶 tip/tip/小费 team/ti:m/队test/test/测试 meet/mi:t/ neat/nit/整洁的 light/lait/光∕d∕相对应汉字中的“德”，但比“德”发音更轻，与发音其相对应的字母是d.dad/d d/ date/deit/日期 desk/desk/桌子 dog/d g/狗lead/li：d/领导 friend/frend/朋友 sad/s d/悲伤的,难过的3)∕k∕与∕g∕∕k∕：发音相当于汉字中的“壳”，但略轻，与其发音相对应的字母是k和c，字母组合ck,ch,que,qu都可以读成∕k∕；Cat/k t/猫 cake/keik/蛋糕 key/ki:/钥匙 kind/kaind/有好的Cheque/ ek/支票 queen/kwi:n/女王 chemistry/kemistri/化学Clean/klin/清洁的 kite/kait/风筝 black/bl k/黑色 back/b k/后面∕g∕：发音相当于汉字中的“哥”，但略轻，与其发音相对应的字母是g及字母组合gu,gue;get/get/得到 gate/geit/大门 leg/leg/褪 green/gri:n/绿色的guess/ges/猜想 guide/gaid/指导 league/li:g/团 vague/veig/模糊的2.摩擦音：所谓摩擦音就是气流不是很通畅感到有明显的摩擦的音，有11个，分5组，分别为/ f /与/v /, / s /与/ z /, /∫/ 与/ /, / /与/ /，/ h /1)/ f /与/v // f /:上齿轻轻咬住下唇，轻轻往外送气，感觉有股气流从齿缝间通过，与其发音相对应的字母是f,ph,gh；farm/fa:m/农场 fat/f t/胖的 leaf/li:f/树叶 life/laif/生活telephone/telif n/电话 photo/f t /照片 laugh/la:f/笑/v/:与/ f /的发音方式一样，只是要震动声带，与其发音相对应的字母是v；Voice/v is/声音very/veri/非常love/l v/爱live /liv/ 生活give/giv/给2)/ s /与/ z // s /：舌尖抵住下齿，气流从齿缝间摩擦而成。
第2讲 元音和辅音(1)
元音和辅音（1）
朱磊 上海外国语大学语言研究院
1 回顾：发音的生理基础
笛子
发音 器官
动力源 外部气流
肺部气流
pulmonic airstream
非肺部气流
non-pulmonic airstream
发声体
共鸣腔
笛膜
笛管
声襞
vocal folds
（声带
vocal cords / vocal
t d8 n8 a8
whisper 耳语音
t d8 n8 a8
breathy / murmur 气嗓音
d- n- a-
creaky / laryngealized / vocal fry 哑嗓音（嘎吱音）
d0 n0 a0
voiced 带声（浊音）
t§ d n a
丰年好大雪，珍珠如土金如铁
声域（register）
舌根
会厌
声襞
辅音（肺部气流）
Glide 滑音 Liquid 流音
近似部位发音
Άνοιξα στον κήπο μου πηγάδι, να ποτίζω τα πουλιά, νάρχεσαι κι εσύ πρωί και βράδυ σα μικρή δροσοσταλιά. Ήρθες μια βραδιά με τον αγέρα, αναστέναξ'η καρδιά, σού'πα με λαχτάρα "καλησπέρα" και μου είπες "έχε γεια".
2.3 内爆音 2.4 外挤气音
3 发声体：喉与声门
环状软骨
甲状软骨
舌骨
杓状软骨
辅音1
mb
[m]
[m] m mb
n [n]
nodtw
no nice nose in noise near sun night new n [n]
kn [n]
know knowledge know knife
gn [n]
sign foreign
[n] n kn gn
n [ŋ]
thank wrong think morning junk uncle
轻辅音
p [p]
peni a
map pig pick
pencil picture purse
apple stamp plane
f [f]
f un i a
fine five face off frog funny fit four fox free
ff [f ] gh [f ] ph [f ]
g [g]
bi pdg
goat glue god green girl good get frog fog great
g [g]
v [v]
v [v]
very vest voice victor visit violin
z [z] s
zoo zip zero zebra
z [z]
please trousers s [z] blouse close
n [ŋ ] ŋ
1 A: uncle B: bank C: English D: ten 2 A: noon B: moon C: evening D: clean 3 A: night B: thank C: junk D: think 4 A: sing B: king C: morning D: fine
一年级拼音字母表.
一年级拼音字母表.
拼音是汉语音节拼写系统，通过拉丁字母传达丰富多彩的汉语音节。
拼音字母表是拼音系统的基础，它由21个辅音字母、5个元音字母和1个半元音字母构成。
一、辅音字母
1、b音，如“笔”、“巴”
2、p音，如“盆”、“扑”
3、m音，如“马”、“母”
4、f音，如“风”、“父”
5、d音，如“大”、“对”
6、t音，如“天”、“太”
7、n音，如“鸟”、“牛”
8、l音，如“路”、“来”
9、g音，如“狗”、“给”
10、k音，如“开”、“卡”
11、h音，如“花”、“好”
12、j音，如“鸡”、“机”
13、q音，如“气”、“七”
14、x音，如“小”、“下”
15、zh音，如“智”、“者”
16、ch音，如“车”、“吃”
17、sh音，如“山”、“十”
18、r音，如“人”、“日”
19、z音，如“子”、“在”
20、c音，如“草”、“从”
21、s音，如“苏”、“三”
二、元音字母
1、a音，如“啊”、“家”
2、o音，如“哦”、“错”
3、e音，如“额”、“饿”
4、i音，如“衣”、“医”
5、u音，如“乌”、“五”
三、半元音字母
1、y音，如“一”、“月”
拼音字母表的学习是汉语学习的重要基础，熟练掌握拼音字母不仅有助于正确发音，也方便汉语学习者在词汇书写以及输入法使用方面更加自如。
因此，学习拼音字母表不仅是求得汉语学习的重点之一，更是日常生活中必备的技巧之一。
英语音标发音规律的归纳 1
英语音标发音规律的归纳1.元音1) [i:] 发音字母: ee ea e ie ei ①字母组合ee 发/i:/音，feed see fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen 如：seventeen eighteen nineteen knee sheep meet three tree green ②字母组合ea 发/i:/音，如：easy sea peach speak clean eat cheap east leave leaf leaves team season tea teacher please ③字母e 发/i:/音，如：people me she he fever email Chinese ④字母组合ie 发/i:/音，如：piece field ⑤字母组合ei 发/i:/音，如：receive 2) [i] 发音字母i y e ①字母i 发/i/音，如：chip instead winner ill biskuit fix animal visit bit river fifteen still American America finish dirty invent important printing print practise win finger difficult expensive village in into stick fantastic ring capital Australia lift invitation his thirty-six inside miss nothing office sandwich delicious amazing click scissors history ticket building sit picture it is big build ②字母y 发/i/音，easy lovely naughty worry twenty fifty thirty forty 如：sixty seventy eighty ninety dirty bicycle angry only thirsty any anything every everywhere everyone country heavy stuty carry 1busy history many happy dictionary ③字母e 发/i/音，如：elephant glasses perfect report because reply delicious return decide before planet 3) [ 字母a 发/ ] 发音字母a /音，hamburger dragon man taxi Saturday apple 如：grandparent bad had have angry ran practise happy happen matter clap fantastic planet at cspital Canada map language back granddad sandwich carry hand bag and bad black hat can 4) [e] 发音字母：ea e a ①字母组合ea 发/e/音，如：instead head headache heavy bread pleasure ②字母e 发/e/音，如：get wet careful pet test clever elephant help helpful twenty them then yes yesterday second vegetable Wednesday seven seventeen seventy tell American invent went fell medicine every everyone end when message special west send restaurant sell well men qusetion sell lesson bed desk yes watermelon ③字母a 发/e/ 音,如：careful air airport any anything parent grandparent many 25) [ε:] 发音字母：ir ur ear or er ①字母组合ir 发/ε:/音,如：bird gir thirteen thirty first dirty thirsty sir skirt circle ②字母组合ur 发/ε:/音,如：hamburger Thurday hurt return turn nurse ③字母组合ear 发/ε:/音,如：learn earth heard learnt wear ④字母组合or 发/ε:/音,如：work worker word world ⑤字母组合er 发/ε:/音,如：perfect nervous hers her serve 6) [ ] 发音字母：er or ou ar o a e u /音,如：hamburger winner computer clever ①字母组合er 发/ driver river tiger write yesterday after paper monster water watermelon finger matter fever concert father mother sister brother worker teacher writer player shoulder another theater speaker farme ②字母组合or 发/ ③字母组合ou 发/ ④字母组合ar 发/ ⑤字母o 发/ /音,如：doctor /音,如：nervous delicious /音,如：dollar /音,如：London phone second tomorrow potato history together today ⑥字母a 发/ /音，如：woman policeman vegetable American away machine banane Canada Australia chocolate amazing elephant China Japen 3⑦字母 e 发/ /音，quiet grandparent parent different hundred 如：happen silence broken listen ⑧字母组合ur 发/ ⑨字母i 发/ /音，如：Saturday surprise /音，如：beatiful April 7) [a:] 发音字母：ar a ear ①字母组合ar 发/a:/音，如：hard far card postcard car farm garden ②字母a 发/a:/音，如：fast last after dancing glasses glass grass laugh banana class plant aunt ③字母组合ear 发/a:/音，如：heart 8) [∧] 发音字母：u o ou oo ①字母u 发/∧/音，如：jump puzzle but plus fun hundred cup cut duck sun much stuty up lunch bus ②字母o 发/∧/音，如：love lovely worry London Monday won one everyone nothing another come mother dose brother ③字母组合ou 发/∧/音，如：young country cousin ④字母组合oo 发/∧/音，如：blood flood 9) [ ]发音字母：al or au our ar aw oar oor ou a 4①字母组合al 发/ walk always ②字母组合or 发/ /音，all also small wall talk tall hall ball call 如：/音，如：fork shorts horse more forty wore bored before for report sport north short airport ③字母组合au 发/ ④字母组合oar 发/ ⑤字母组合ar 发/ ⑥字母组合aw 发/ ⑦字母组合our 发/ ⑧字母组合oor 发/ ⑨字母组合ou 发/ ⑩字母a 发/ /音，如：caught /音，如：board roar /音，如：warm law /音，如：saw /音，如：four fourteen yours course /音，如：door floor /音，如：bought thought /音，如：water watermelon 10) [ ①字母o 发/ ] 发音字母o a /音，chopsticks shop cough from clock tomorrow 如：monster cost concert office borrow chocolate solve of hot lost lot fox fox not ②字母a 发/ /音，如：wash watch Astralia because sausage 11) [u:] 发音字母：oo o u ou ew ui ①字母组合oo 发/u:/音，如：soon food tooth toothbrush toothache shoose too moon room zoo ②字母o 发/u:/音，如：who whose to into do two 5③字母u 发/u:/音，如：rule flute true blue full ④字母组合ou 发/u:/音，如：group ⑤字母组合ew 发/u:/音，如：drew ⑥字母组合ui 发/u:/音，如：fruit juice 12) [u] 发音字母：oo oul u o ①字母组合oo 发/u/音，如：look took good book foot ②字母组合oul 发/u/音，如：should would could ③字母u 发/u/音，如：put full pull ④字母o 发/u/音，如：women wolf 13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai ey ei ①字母a 发/ei/音，如：make cake game race take April paper ate skate made came potato space safe amazing name cake late skate ice-skating ②字母组合ay 发/ei/音，如：way always may maybe say day Monday Tuseday Wedneday Thurday Friday Satuiday Sunday play playground player ③字母组合ea 发/ei/音，如：break great ④字母组合ai 发/ei/音，如：wait email rain paint ⑤字母组合ey 发/ei/音，如：they ⑥字母组合ei 发/ei/音，如：eight eighteen eighty 614) [ai] 发音字母i y ①字母i 发/ai/音，如：knife idea like Friday nice quiet wade high tiger writer nine nineteen ninety quite find bike bicycle climb ice-skating ride silence lie China Chinese surprise night time sometime mine fire line kind fine die hi high night ②字母y 发/ai/音，如：shy try why cry reply my eye fly 15) [au] 发音字母：ou ow ①字母组合ou 发/au/音，mouse loud round mountain thousand 如：proud south house out ②字母组合ow 发/au/音，如：now brown flower down how town 16) [ ①字母o 发/ ] 发音字母o ow oa ou /音，no cold stone old phone also go over gold 如：only both potato drove broken hope home ②字母组合ow 发/ ③字母组合oa 发/ ④字母组合ou 发/ /音，如：row kown show /音，如:boat coat /音，如：shoulder 17) [ ] 发音字母：oy oi /音，如：boy toy joy /音，如：point voice coin choice 7 ①字母组合oy 发/ ②字母组合oi 发/18) [ ] 发音字母：eer ear ere ea ie /音，如：beer deer /音，如：dear year hear near ear /音，如：here /音，如：idea /音，如：fierce ①字母组合eer 发/ ②字母组合ear 发/ ③字母组合ere 发/ ④字母组合ea 发/ ⑤字母组合ie 发/ 19) [ ] 发音字母：ear air ere are /音，如：pear bear wear /音，如：air airport chair pair repair /音，如：there where /音，如：careful share ①字母组合ear 发/ ②字母组合air 发/ ③字母组合ere 发/ ④字母组合are 发/ 20) [ ] 发音字母：our oor ure /音，如：tour tourlist /音，如：poor /音，如：sure cure ①字母组合our 发/ ②字母组合oor 发/ ③字母组合ure 发/ 82．辅音1) [p] 字母p 或者字母组合pp 发/p/ ①字母p 发/p/音，chopsticks people chips jump shop computer 如：pet airport plus phone policeman pear peach parent grandparent april paper print printing cup practise potato perfect cheap upon sheep clap pround surprise special report space planet capital map postcart playground reply point player place hope piece paper pen bus ②字母组合pp 发/p/音，如：happy happen 2) [b] 字母 b 或者字母组合bb 发/b/ ①字母 b 发/b/音，如：hamburger boat biscuit but bit beauiful vegetable bike bicycle bought climb break difficult bored before banana because back both blind borrow broken brown build building busy book big ②字母组合bb 发/b/音，如：bubble 3) [t] 字母t 或者字母组合tt 发/t/ ①字母t 发/t/音，如：chopsticks fast instead naughty boat late get wet shorts biscuit computer pet stomach test elephant sport visit taxi airport Saturday but bit quiet quite twenty tiger writer fruit fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen at 9parent grandparent beautiful yesterday first vegetable last tomorrow take after Tuesday fifty forty thirty sixty seventy eighty ninety tell still dirty invent important print printing went great ate bought ice-skating hurt learnt skate took take monster last practice pue water watermelon cut matter tooth toothbrush toothache potato wait difficult perfect cost shout to too two into concert report stick fantastic meet planet night east west capital postcard restaurant lift time sometimes invitation skirt point team study flute return sent get chocilate thought theater history ticket ②字母组合tt 发/t/音，如：pretty little kitty 4) [d] 字母d 或者字母组合dd 发/d/ ①字母d 发/d/音，如：hard food idea insead feed head headache day Monday cold loud wide old round hard good grandparent yesterday second find difficult different dancing dirty had gold made said ride medicine duck thousand bored field end pround Canada send postcard granddad playground blind inside bored kind sandwich delicious shoulder hand build building ②字母组合dd 发/d/音，如：add kiddy 5) [k] 发音字母：k c x ch ck 10①字母k 发/k/音，如：fork make cake lake work worker speak milk take ice-skating skate took break look skirt kind broken thank think ②字母c 发/k/音，如：can biscuit careful clever cold cough clock second America clean bicycle climb cut difficult perfect cost concert clap class fantastic country couzin capital Canada because card postcard chocolate circle ③字母x 发/k/音，如：fix fox box ④字母组合ch 发/k/音，如：school ⑤字母组合ck 发/k/音，如：chopsticks clock duck stick back 6) [g] 字母g 或者字母组合gg 发/g/ ①字母g 发/g/音，如：hamburger dragon get game tiger orange good grandparent granddad go gold angry finger glass glasses grass language playground get girl give ②字母组合gg 发/g/音，如：egg piggy 7) [m] 字母m 或者字母组合mm 发/m/ ①字母m 发/m/音，hamburger make jump game computer mouse 如：animal man woman more from may maybe policeman them milk Monday American important climb mountain made monster came matter machine time sometimes message meet moon map much 11many my mine team miss mom morning come email zmazing men women room ②字母组合mm 发/m/音，如：summer mummy 8) [n] 发音字母：n nn kn gn ①字母n 发/n/音，instead naughty dragon can win winner stone 如：animal elephant man woman train nice twenty London no now new round policeman orange forteen fifteen grandparent then fun second find Monday nine ninety hundred soon dancing American clean finish learn invent national important print went mountain only monster ran run won happen watermelon medicine machine any anything silence expensive thousand everyone concert Chinese nervous when fantastic sun pianet banana country Cananda north send restaurant plauground night invitation mine point blind inside line nothing kind parent return sandwich fine sent season broken brown hand another on men wamen ②字母组合nn 发/n/音，如：sunnny banner ③字母组合kn 发/n/音，如；knee knife ④字母组合gn 发/n/音，如：gnaw 9) [ ] 发音字母：n ng /音，如：angry finger English think thank uncle ①字母n 发/ 12②字母ng 发/ /音，young ice-skating anything something ring 如：language nothing zmazing building dancing printing sing morning 10) [l] 字母l 或者字母组合ll 发/l/ ①字母l 发/l/音，如：people lovely lake careful puzzle clever animal elephant long always loud plus helpful old London clock lot lots poleceman apple floor last April clean learn bicycle climb gold only last watermelon glass glasses class silence difficult wolf look village field laugh lie clap special planet capital Astralia language leave leaves play playground life lift reply laugh blind special line should rule flute player email delicious chocolate shoulder place circle build building click long world lie ②字母组合ll 发/l/音，如：ill all tell still wall fall fell sell well ball 11) [r] 发音字母：r rr wr ①字母r 发/r/音，如：row Friday race from river fruit orange grandparent granddad tomorrow Apirl American print printing great angly cry ran run ride grass everyone surpise report restaurant reply return break broken brown toothbrush read red ②字母组合发/r/音，如：worry carry ③字母组合wr 发/r/音，如：write writer 1312) [f] 发音字母：f ff gh ph ①字母f 发/f/音，如：knife fork fast food feed far fix from future fruit four fourteen forty fifteen fifty floor find fun first after fall fell finger fever perfect wolf after field before fanfastic safe fire fine five fly life ②字母组合ff 发/f/音，如：different off difficult ③字母组合gh 发/f/音，如：laugh ④字母组合ph 发/f/音，如：elephant phone photo 13) [v] 字母v 或者字母组合vv 发/v/ ①字母v 发/v/音，love lovely visit river seven seventeen seventy 如：very vegetable invent fever village everyone nervous leaves heavy invitation drove solve evening over ②字母组合vv 发/v/音，如：divvy 14) [s] 发音字母：s ss c ce se ①字母s 发/s/音，chopsticks chips instead shorts see saw biscuit 如：stomach stone sea Saturday plus six seven speak say fast second first last soon still also yeaterday ice-skating skate said monster thirsty sir silence expensive cost nervous surprise special stick fantastic space sun east west south Astralia send restaurant sell sometimes inside safe stuty sausage sandwich delicious sent season solve scissors history question sit student caps 14②字母组合ss 发/s/音，glass glasses class grass message miss 如：③字母c 发/s/音，dancing bicycle medicine concert CD exercise 如：city ④字母组合ce 发/s/音，race nice ice-skating silence space office 如：place piece juice ⑤字母组合se 发/s/音，如：mouse horse practise exercicise course 15) [z] 发音字母：z se s zz ①字母z 发/z/音，如：amazing zoo zero ②字母组合se 发/z/音，如：use glasses choose Chinese surprise because leaves whose those nose ③字母s 发/z/音，如：easy visit always Wednesday Thursday thousand cousin sometimes yours hers his season busy scissors bags caps dogs ④字母组合zz 发/z/音，如：puzzle buzz 16) [ ] 字母组合th 发/ /音，如：them then another 17) [ ] 字母组合th 发/ /音，如：thirty thirsty thirteen Thursday tooth toothbrush toothache anything 15thousand north south both nothing thought theatre this that these those think three thank mouth 18) [∫] 发音字母：sh tion s ch c ①字母组合sh 发/∫/音，short shop shy finish wash shout show 如：sheep should shoulder toothbrush ship she ②字母组合tion 发/∫/音，如：invitation national ③字母s 发/∫/音，如：sure ④字母组合ch 发/∫/音，如:machine ⑤字母c 发/∫/音，如:special delicious 19) [ 20) [h] ] 字母组合ur 发/ 发音字母：h wh /音，pleasure 如：①字母h 发/h/音，如：如：hard hamburger head headache horse helpful high hundrend hurt happen heavy hear hand hope history hot home house how ②字母组合wh 发/h/音，如：who whose 21) [w] 发音字母：w wh 16①字母w 发/w/音，如：wet win winner worry twenty wide work Wednesday wash wall went away won well water watermelon wait wolf west watch we ②字母组合wh 发/w/音，如：why when what where 22) [j] yours yellow 字母y 发/j/音，如：young yesterday year you 23) [t∫] 发音字母：ch tch ①字母组合ch 发/ t∫/音，如：chopsticks chips peach cheap China Chinese much chocolate lunch teach teacher ②字母组合tch 发/ t∫/音，如：watch catch match 24) [ ] 发音字母：ge j g ch /音，如：orange vegetable villiage age ①字母组合ge 发/ message language sausage ②字母j 发/ ③字母g 发/ /音，如：jump joy July June /音，如：gym /音，如：sandwich ④字母组合ch 发/ 25) [tr] 字母组合tr 发/tr/音，如：try train tree Astralia country 1726) [dr] 字母组合dr 发/dr/音，如：dragon hundred dream drink 27) [ts] 字母组合ts 发/ts/音，如：shorts students boats lots 28) [dz] woods 字母组合ds 发/ds/音，如：goods 18。
音标专题练习-辅音(1)
音标练习Lesson 7 辅音音标训练（1）分类及练读一、分类1. 按声带是否振动可分为清辅音和浊辅音两类，其中有22个是成对出现的：(1) 清辅音：[p], [t ], [k], [f ], [θ], [s], [ʃ], [tʃ], [tr ], [ts], [h](2) 浊辅音：[b], [d], [g], [v], [ð], [z], [ʒ], [dʒ], [dr], [dz], [r] [m], [n], [ŋ], [l], [w], [j]2. 按发音方法可以分为：(1) 爆破音：[p], [b], [t ], [d], [k], [g] 气流从口腔冲出，送气有力(2) 摩擦音：[f ], [v], [θ], [ð], [s], [z], [ʃ], [ʒ], [h], [r] 气流从发音器官的缝隙发生摩擦而发音(3) 破擦音：[tʃ], [dʒ], [tr ], [dr], [ts], [dz] 是爆破音和摩擦音的结合(4) 鼻辅音：[m], [n], [ŋ] 气流从鼻腔通过(5) 舌边音：[l] 气流从舌额两旁空隙处流过(6) 半元音：[w], [j] 像元音一样，气流直接从口腔通过，但又像辅音一样，气流通过时与发音器官稍有摩擦。
二、练读训练（一）爆破音：1．[p], [b]（1）发音秘诀：双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破的声音。
（2）练读：[p]pig pet plane apple happy[b]bank beef baby rabbit rubber注意: b在字母m 后通常不发音。
如：climb bomb thumb2．[t], [d]（1）发音秘诀：舌尖紧贴上齿龈形成阻碍，然后突然放开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破的声音。
（2）练读：[t]time tea taxi better matter jumped booked[d]dog doctor daddy buddy opened played3．[k], [g]（1）发音秘诀：舌后部抬起，紧贴软腭，形成阻碍，然后舌后部突然离开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破的声音。
音标讲解-辅音(1)
音标
常见字母组合
单词示例
[θ]
th
tooth/tu:θ/牙齿；
health/helθ/健康的
[θ]
【练一练】根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。
1．father three maths thirsty
2. mouth throat Thursday brother
[ h]
音标
常见字母组合
单词示例
[h]
h
have/hæv/有：hero/hiərəu /
[h]
wh
who/hu:/谁；whole/həul/整个的
【练一练】根据发音规则，把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。
1. ham hat white ( )
2. horse whale who ( )
3. wheat hole hair ( )
4.panda pony pet truck
[b]
音标
常见字母组合
单词示例
[uə]
b
bird/bɜ:d/；boat/bəut/船
[uə]
bb
rabbit/ræbit/兔子
【练一练】根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。
1.cab gift beach love
2. pet god tub bed
3.weather boy bus make
[s]
ce
face/feis/脸；rice/rais/大米
[s]
se
horse/hɔ:s/马；house/haus/房屋
【练一练】根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。
1. whose juice lick student
元音辅音练习(1)
英语共有48个音标，其中辅音音标28个，元音音标20个。
记得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始，英语中的音标就充当了汉字中的拼音角色，辅音相当于声母，元音相当于韵母。
先来看元音音标，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。
单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [a:] [ʌ][ə:] [ə] [u:] [u] [ɔ] [ɔ:]双元音：[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [əu] [au] [iə] [εə] [uə]辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。
清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ ][ts][tʃ][tr][h][l]浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dz][dʒ][dr][r][m][n][ŋ][w][j]一、单元音/i:/ teeth/t i:θ/ bee/bi:/ sea/si: / key/ki:/tea/t i:/ need /ni:d/ 需要Blue sea, blue sea, please keep this key.We need a cup of tea./i/ pig/pig/ it /it/ big/big/ six/siks/ this/ðis/A big big pig.This is a big big pig./e/ bread/bred/ get/get/ bed/bed/ help/help/Seven beds, seven breads, help me/æ/ apple/æpl/ fat/fæt/ cat/kæt/ black/blæk/happy/hæpi/ hat/hæt/happy happy cat, has a black black hat.A red red apple, I love red red apple./ə:/ skirt/sk ə:t/ bird/bə:d/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l/A girl, a skirt, a girl has a skirt.T-shirt, T-shirt, I want a T-shirt./ə / sweater/swetə/ better/betə/ player/pleə/Better, better, blue blue sweater./a:/ car /k a:r/ laugh/la:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/A car in a park./ ʌ/ bus/bʌs/ money/′mʌni/ cup/kʌp / come/kʌm/A cup of tea.Money, money, give me money.Never trouble about trouble until trouble troubles you! /ɔ:/ water/wɔ:tə/ short/ʃɔ:t/ corn/kɔ:n/ Pop - corn, I like pop-corn.Water, water, a cup of water./ɔ / box/bɔks/ dog/dɔg/ what/wɔt/What’s your name ?A dog in a box. A dog in a big box./u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ blue moon junk food/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/Very good! Good morning!This is a good book.单元音发音练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/bit week deal real kid dig tip zip rid will fillpet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red2./a:/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ / /u:/ /u//a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /ɔd/ /lɔ:n/ /nɔ:t/ /pɔ:z/ /fɔks/ /sɔk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock/fa:/ /la:dʒ / /ma:k/ /lɔ:d/ /tɔ:/ /stɔ:m/ /pɔt/ /krɔp/ /θɔt/ /prɔmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /θru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood3./ʌ/ /ə/ /ə/找出画线部分读音不同的单词( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good( ) 5. A. book B. moody C. look D. cook( ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot( ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday（）11．A．too B．classroom C．broom D．afternoon二、双元音/ei/ cake/keik/ name/neim/ eight/eit/ play/pei/I love cake.Friend, friend, play with me./ai/ eye/ai/ rice/r ai s/ my/mai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ bike/baik/ tiger/taigə/Blue eyes Ride bike buy a bike.Tiger，tiger，burning bright，in the forest of the night./əu/ boat/bəut/ no/nəu/ home/həum/ open/əupən/ close/kləuz/ No no no，I don’t know!Go home, go home, mother is at home!East or west, home is best./au/ house/h aus/now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ loud/laud/ Get out, get out, get out of the house!How are you? Speak loudly!/iə/ ear/iə/ hear/hiə/ deer/diə/ dear/diə/I have an ear, I can hear.Dear friend, dear mum/εə/ bear/bεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə/ square/skwεə/ Can you dare? Can you dare?Can you see a bear? Where? Where?There, there, a bear in a square/skwεə/.Be there or be square. 不见不散/uə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ tour/tuə/I’m sure,you are poor!/ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ coin/kɔin/Boy, boy, have a toy.双元音发音练习/ei/ /əu/ /ai/ /au/ /ɔi//keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prəpəu z/ /′məuʃən/ /stəu n/ /′əu və/ /sait/ kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /′taipist/ /aust/ /mɔi st/ /′ɔi stə/rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./iə/ /ɛə/ /uə//v iə/ /ə′fɛə/ /dɛə/ /skɛə/ /b uən/ /g uəd/ /′r uərəl/ /ə′p iə/ /kəlʌmb iə/ /puə/ /ʃuə/ /tuə/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia poor sure tour/mət iər iəl/ /mist iər iəs/ material mysterious三、辅音音标学习（一）/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl//b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə/Tongue tister:A big black bear sits on a big black bug,a big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose./t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə/A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail./k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend//g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?A good cook cooks good cookies./f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/ favorite/′feivərit//v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/ never/′nevə/A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea, "Let us fly!"Said the fly, "Let us flee!"Five, five, Give me five!/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stɔps/I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice-cream!/z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔi z/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/How may saws could a see-saw saw if a see-saw could saw saws?She sells sea shells on the seashore.The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure.一、根据音标写单词：[blu:]______________[da:ns] _____________ [mu:n] _____________ [fa:] _____________ [laik] _____________ [get] _____________[t aim] _____________ [bl æk] _____________ [lend] _____________[p a:k] _____________ [lʌv] _____________ [hæpi] _____________[fæmili] [plei] [fɔks][tə′geðə] [mʌni] [taigə]辅音音标学习 (二)1. [θ] 和[ð]/θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/ (呼吸)thought/θɔ:t/ author/´ɔθə/ truth/tru:θ//ð/ the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs/ then/ðen/请减速练习：Tom always[z] goes[z] to school by bus.Something is better than nothing.A mouse has[z] a mouth.2. [ʃ]和[Ʒ]/ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu://ʒ/ pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən/请减速练习： It's a pleasure to share your past experiences.What measure would you take to handle this situation?3. [ʧ]和[ʤ]/tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheep/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wtʃ/ child/tʃaild/ question/kwestʃən/ teach/ti:tʃ/ challenge/tʃlindʒ//dʒ/ orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb/练习句子John urges Jane to buy a digital watch.They reach the village in the end4. [tr] 和[dr]/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/træk//dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk/ hundred/′hʌndrid/ 请减速练习： I had a strange dream in the train.He prefers strong drinks.5. [ʦ]和[ʣ]/ts/ le t′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts//dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stændz/请减速练习：These students are my friends.There are lots of odds and ends in the huts.辅音音标学习（四）鼻（辅）音：[m] [n] [ŋ]/m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men//n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain//ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/ beautiful/bju:təfl/请减速练习: A warm summer morning makes me merry.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
辅音：发音时受到发音器官的阻碍发出的声音，它相当于汉语拼音当中＿＿＿＿的功能，唯一与其不同的是它可以放在元音之后发音，而＿＿＿＿则不能。
并且辅音与＿＿＿＿一样都不能单独作为一个音节来发音，而元音跟韵母就可以单独发音。
辅音有28个，分为爆破音，摩擦音，塞擦音，流音，鼻音和滑音。
1.爆破音：有3组，6个音素，包括∕p∕与∕b∕，∕t∕与∕d∕, ∕k∕与∕g∕；1)∕p∕与∕b∕∕p∕的发音技巧：如果拿一张纸放于嘴前，纸会颤动（说明有很大的气流送出）。
与汉字中的“泼”字发音相似；与∕p∕发音相对应的字母是P,也就是说P的发音总是∕p∕。
pit∕pit∕ pet∕pet∕宠物 pen ∕pen∕ pig∕pig∕猪 paper∕peip ∕纸lip/lip/ please/pli:z/ happy/h pi/快乐的 cup/k p/杯子∕b∕的发音不如∕p∕重，较轻，与汉字中的“波”字发音相似；与∕b∕发音相对应的字母是b.big/big/大的 box/b ks/盒子 bag/b g/包 book/b k/书top/t p/ hope/h p/ web/web/网 rib/rib/2)∕t∕与∕d∕∕t∕相当于汉字中的“特”，与发音其相对应的字母是t;time/taim/时间 tea/ti:/茶 tip/tip/小费 team/ti:m/队test/test/测试 meet/mi:t/ neat/nit/整洁的 light/lait/光∕d∕相对应汉字中的“德”，但比“德”发音更轻，与发音其相对应的字母是d.dad/d d/ date/deit/日期 desk/desk/桌子 dog/d g/狗lead/li：d/领导 friend/frend/朋友 sad/s d/悲伤的,难过的3)∕k∕与∕g∕∕k∕：发音相当于汉字中的“壳”，但略轻，与其发音相对应的字母是k和c，字母组合ck,ch,que,qu都可以读成∕k∕；Cat/k t/猫 cake/keik/蛋糕 key/ki:/钥匙 kind/kaind/有好的Cheque/ ek/支票 queen/kwi:n/女王 chemistry/kemistri/化学Clean/klin/清洁的 kite/kait/风筝 black/bl k/黑色 back/b k/后面∕g∕：发音相当于汉字中的“哥”，但略轻，与其发音相对应的字母是g及字母组合gu,gue;get/get/得到 gate/geit/大门 leg/leg/褪 green/gri:n/绿色的guess/ges/猜想 guide/gaid/指导 league/li:g/团 vague/veig/模糊的2.摩擦音：所谓摩擦音就是气流不是很通畅感到有明显的摩擦的音，有11个，分5组，分别为/ f /与/v /, / s /与/ z /, /∫/ 与/ /, / /与/ /，/ h /1)/ f /与/v // f /:上齿轻轻咬住下唇，轻轻往外送气，感觉有股气流从齿缝间通过，与其发音相对应的字母是f,ph,gh；farm/fa:m/农场 fat/f t/胖的 leaf/li:f/树叶 life/laif/生活telephone/telif n/电话 photo/f t /照片 laugh/la:f/笑/v/:与/ f /的发音方式一样，只是要震动声带，与其发音相对应的字母是v；Voice/v is/声音very/veri/非常love/l v/爱live /liv/ 生活give/giv/给2)/ s /与/ z // s /：舌尖抵住下齿，气流从齿缝间摩擦而成。
与汉字中“斯”发音相同，字母c,s 以及字母组合sc, ss都可读作/ s /，含字母x的都读作/ ks /；ice / ais/ 冰city / siti /城市bus / b s/汽车sky/ skai/天空speak / spi:k/说scene / si:n /场景grass /gra:s/ 草next / nekst/下一个six / siks/ 六/ z /：发音方法与/ s /相同，与汉字中的“日”发音相似，字母s,z都可读作/ z /；Zero / zi r /零busy / bizi / 忙的eyes / aiz / 眼睛lazy / leizi /懒惰的Please / pli:z / 请husband / h zb nd /丈夫Jazz / z/爵士音乐3)/∫/ 与/ //∫/与汉字中的“西”发音相似，字母组合sh读作/∫/, 字母s及ci, si, ti有时读作/∫She /∫i:/ 她ship /∫ip/ 船shoe /∫u:/鞋子wash /w ∫/ 洗Sugar/∫ug /糖social /s u∫ l/社会的Asia/ei∫/亚洲nation/nei∫ n/国家/ /与汉字中“一”的发音相似，但要更短促，字母s 和g可读作/ /；Pleasure /ple /乐趣treasure /tre /财富vision /vi /景象measure/me /测量4)/ /与/ // /没有相对的汉字读音，发音时咬住舌尖，并且感到有股气流从齿缝间通过，舌头有点麻，字母组合th可读作/ /three / ri:/ 三thing / / 东西math/m /数学bath / ba: / 洗澡thank/ / 谢谢think/ / 想，认为/ /发音时也要咬住舌尖，发音时舌头有明显的震动，并且明显感到比发/ /音时要费力，因为声带在震动，字母组合th也可读作/ /this/ is/这个that/ t/那个they/ ei /他（她，它）们mother/ /妈妈father/ /爸爸brother/ /哥哥5)/ h /与汉字中“喝”的发音差不多，但是更轻，就像在哈一口气一样，辅音字母h都读作/ h /have/ h v /有head/ hed /头hot/ h t/热的hand/ h nd /手hat/ h t/ 帽子hello/ helou / 你好3.塞擦音：/t / 与/d /, / tr/与/dr/, /ts/与/dz/；1)/t / 与/d //t /：发音方法与/∫/完全一样，相当于汉字中的“奇”，字母组合ch, tch读作/t /；China /t ain /中国 teach /ti: /教 watch/w t /表child/t aild /小孩 chicken /t ik n /小鸡 picture/pikt u /图画/d /：与/t /发音口形及方法一致，相当于汉字中的“迹”，字母g,j和字母组合dge都可读作/t /；Large/la: /大 June/d u:n /六月 page/peid /页job/d b/工作 bridge/brid /桥 judge/d d /判断2)/ tr/与/dr// tr/发音时可发作“出儿”，字母组合tr自身就可发作/ tr/tree/ tri:/树 treat/ treit/款待 track/ tra:k/拖拉机train/ trein/火车 try/ trai/试试/dr/ 发音时可发作“租儿”，字母组合dr自身就可发作/dr/drive/draiv/开车 dry/drai/干的 drink/dri k/喝；饮料dress/dres/女装，裙子3)/ts/与/dz//ts/发音与汉字中的“辞”差不多，字母组合ts一般就发/ts/hats/h ts/帽子（复数形式） gets/gets/得到 pets/pets/宠物it’s/i：ts/它的 let’s/lets/让我们……/dz/发音与汉字中的“职”差不多，字母组合ds一般就发/dz/beds/bedz/床 cards/ka:dz/卡片 kinds/k ndz/种类4.流音：/ l /与/ r // l /的发音要分两种：一种是发汉字中的“了”，另一种是发汉字中的“额”；1、发汉字中的“了”，发音是发得很轻，一般用于词首的情况以及字母l前是辅音或辅音加一个元音的情况，如：词首的情况：let/ let /让learn/ l :n /学习live/ liv /生活leg/ l eg/腿母l前全是辅音的情况：place/ pleis/地方please/ pliz /请play/plei /玩Palace/p leis /宫殿salad/ s l d/沙拉2、发汉字中的“额”，一般用于词末或倒数第二个字母是l的情况，如：词末的情况：tell/ tel /告诉peel /pi: l /削皮sell/ sel /卖bell/ bel /铃铛help/help /帮助milk/milk /牛奶apple/ pl / 苹果bull/bul /公牛/ r /与汉语中的“日”字发音方式相同，但读音不同read/ ri:d /阅读red/ red /红色的right/ rait /正确的real/ ri:l /真的5.鼻音：/ m /、/ n / 和/ // m /的发音与汉字拼音中的m不一样，发此音时双唇要闭拢，让气流从鼻子中发出来，字母m就读作/ m /：meat/ mi:t /肉meet/ mi:t /遇见milk/ milk /牛奶jam/ m /果酱harm/ h m /伤害time/ taim /时间/ n /与/m/的发音不一样，/m /要闭上双唇，而/n /则不必闭上双唇，让气流从鼻腔中通过，字母n及字母组合kn可读作/n /need/ ni:d /需要name/ neim /名字knife/ naif /刀子knight/ nait /骑士knee/ ni:/膝盖pain/pein/疼痛hand/h nd/手/ /相当于汉语拼音中的后鼻音“eng”,发音时尽量把音往后边压,字母n在辅音/k/、/g/之前的时候以及字母组合ng可以读作/ /thank / k/ 谢谢long/l / 长的fun/f / 乐趣song/s /歌English/i gli /英语sing/si /唱歌thing/ /事情，东西6.滑音：/ w /与/ j // w /的发音与元音/u:/相似，字母w及字母组合wh 都和读作/ w /wall/ w l/墙wet /wet/ 湿的weather /we / 天气we /wei/ 我们why /wai /为什么what/ w t /什么when /wen / 什么时候/ j /的发音与元音中的/ i /相似，与汉字中的“衣”相似，字母y读作/ j /you /ju: /你yes /yes/ 是的young / j / 年轻的your /ju /你（们）的。