apex_conversion
apex常用英文术语
apex常用英文术语Apex is a popular programming language used in Salesforce development. As with any programming language, there are several commonly used English terms that are specific to Apex. Understanding these terms can be crucial for developers to effectively write and maintain Apex code.1. Object: In Apex, an object is a data structure that represents a real-world entity such as a customer, contact, or opportunity. Objects are like database tables and are used to store and manipulate data.2. Class: In Apex, a class is a blueprint or template for creating objects. It defines the properties (variables) and behaviors (methods) that an object of that class will have.3. Method: A method is a block of code that performs a specific action in Apex. Methods are defined within a class and can be called and executed as needed.4. Variable: Variables are used to store data in Apex. They can hold different types of data, such as text, numbers, or Booleanvalues, and are given a name to refer to them within the code.5. SOQL: SOQL stands for Salesforce Object Query Language. It is a query language used to retrieve data from Salesforce objects, similar to SQL in traditional databases.6. DML: DML stands for Data Manipulation Language. In Apex, DML is used to insert, update, delete, and retrieve records in Salesforce databases.7. Trigger: A trigger is a piece of code that is executed before or after a record is inserted, updated, or deleted in Salesforce. Triggers are often used to enforce business rules and automate processes.8. Governor Limits: Apex has specific limits imposed by Salesforce to ensure efficient use of resources. These limits restrict the amount of resources (such as CPU time, heap size, and database queries) that a single transaction or execution context can consume.9. Exception: An exception is an unexpected event or error thatoccurs during the execution of Apex code. Exceptions can be caught and handled to prevent the code from crashing and to provide meaningful error messages.10. Apex Test: Apex tests are written to validate the functionality and behavior of Apex code. They ensure that the code meets the requirements and performs as expected.These are just a few of the commonly used English terms in Apex. Familiarizing oneself with these terms and their meanings is essential for any developer working with Apex to write efficient and effective code.。
数学中的英语
精心整理英语词汇-数学词汇abbreviation简写符号；简写abscissa横坐标absolutecomplement绝对补集absoluteerror绝对误差accuracyactonactionacute-angledtriangle锐角三角形add加addition加法additionformula加法公式additionlaw加法定律additionlaw(ofprobability)（概率）加法定律additiveinverse加法逆元;加法反元additiveproperty可加性adjacentangle邻角adjacentside邻边adjointmatrix伴随矩阵algebraalgebraicalternativehypothesis择一假设;备择假设;另一假设altitude高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguouscase两义情况；二义情况amount本利和；总数analysis分析；解析analyticgeometry解析几何angle角angleatthecentre圆心角angleatthecircumference圆周角anglebetweenalineandaplaneanglebetweentwoplanes两平面的交角anglebisection角平分anglesatapoint同顶角angulardisplacement角移位angularmomentum角动量angularmotion角运动angularvelocity角速度annum(X%perannum)年（年利率X%）anti-clockwisedirection逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-clockwisemoment逆时针力矩anti-derivative反导数;反微商anti-logarithm逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric反对称apex顶点approacharbitraryarc弧arclengthareaargument(1)论证;(2)辐角argumentofacomplexnumber复数的辐角argumentofafunction函数的自变量arithmetic算术arithmeticmean算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmeticprogression算术级数；等差级数arithmeticsequence等差序列arithmeticseries等差级数arm边array数组;数组arrow前号ascendingorder递升序assertionasymptoticerrorconstantatrest静止average平均；平均数；平均值averagespeed平均速率axiom公理axiomofexistence存在公理axiomofextension延伸公理axiomofinclusion包含公理axiomofpairing配对公理axiomofpower幂集公理axiomofspecification分类公理axiomatictheoryofprobability概率公理论axis轴axisofparabola抛物线的轴barchartbase（1baseareabaselinebasis基Bayes′bearing方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shapedcurve钟形图belongto属于Bernoullidistribution伯努利分布Bernoullitrials伯努利试验bias偏差；偏倚biconditional双修件式;双修件句bijection对射;双射;单满射bijectivefunction对射函数;只射函数billion十亿bimodaldistribution双峰分布binarynumber二进数binomialbisectbisectorboundaryline界（线）；边界bounded有界的boundedabove有上界的；上有界的boundedbelow有下界的；下有界的boundedfunction有界函数boundedsequence有界序列brace大括号bracket括号breadth阔度brokenlinegraph折线图calculation计算calculator计算器；计算器cancelcapacitycardioidcategorycatenaryCauchy′sprincipalvalue柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarzinequality柯西-许瓦尔兹不等式centrallimittheorem中心极限定理centrallinecentraltendency集中趋centre中心；心centreofacircle圆心centreofgravity重心centreofmass质量中心centrifugalforce离心力centripedalacceleration向心加速度centripedalforceforce向心力centroidchainrulechancechart图；图表checkdigit检验数位checking验算chord弦chordofcontact切点弦circle圆circular圆形；圆的circularfunction圆函数；三角函数circularmeasure弧度法circularmotion圆周运动circularpermutation环形排列;圆形排列;循环排列circumcentre外心；外接圆心cissoidclassclockwisedirection顺时针方向clockwisemoment顺时针力矩closedconvexregion闭凸区域closedinterval闭区间coaxial共轴coaxialcircles共轴圆coaxialsystem共轴系codeddata编码数据codingmethod编码法co-domain上域coefficient系数coefficientoffriction摩擦系数cofactorcoincidecollinearcollisioncommonchord公弦commondenominator同分母；公分母commondifference公差commondivisor公约数；公约commonfactor公因子；公因子commonlogarithm常用对数commonmultiple公位数；公倍commonratio公比commontangentcommutativelaw交换律comparable可比较的compass罗盘complexconjugate复共轭complexnumber复数complexunmberplane复数平面complexroot复数根component分量componentofforce分力compositefunction复合函数;合成函数compositenumber复合数；合成数compositionofmappings映射构合compositionofrelations复合关系compoundangle复角compoundangleformula复角公式concaveconceptconclusion结论concurrent共点concyclic共圆concyclicpoints共圆点condition条件conditional条件句；条件式conditionalidentity条件恒等式conditionalinequality条件不等式conditionalprobability条件概率cone锥；圆锥（体）confidencecoefficient置信系数confidenceinterval置信区间全等；(2)同余congruenceclass同余类conic;conicsection; conicalpendulum圆锥摆猜想conjugateaxis共轭conjugatediameters共轭轴conjugatehyperbola共轭(直)径conjugateimaginary/complexnumberconjugateradical共轭虚/复数conjugatesurd共轭根式;共轭不尽根conjunction合取connective连词connectorbox捙接框consecutiveintegers连续整数consecutivenumbers连续数；相邻数consequence结论；推论constantconstantvelocity怛速度constraint约束；约束条件construct作construction作图constructionofequation方程的设立continuedproportion连比例continuedratio连比continuity连续性continuitycorrection连续校正continuous连续的continuousdata连续数据continuousfunction连续函数convergeconverseconvex凸convexpolygon凸多边形convexity凸性coordinate坐标coordinategeometry解析几何；坐标几何coordinatesystem坐标系系定理；系；推论coplanar共面coplanarforces共面力coplanarlinesco-prime互质;互素corollary系定理;系;推论correctto准确至；取值至cosecantcosinecostpricecountablyinfinite可数无限counterclockwisedirection逆时针方向；返时针方向counterexample反例counting数数；计数couple力偶Carmer′srule克莱玛法则criterion准则criticalpoint临界点criticalregion临界域cirticalvalue临界值cross-multiplication交叉相乘cross-section横切面；横截面；截痕cubecuberootcubiccuboidcumulativefrequencycurve cumulativefrequcncydistribution累积频数分布cumulativefrequencypolygon累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curvecurvesketching曲线描绘(法)curvetracing曲线描迹(法)curvedlinecurvedsurface曲面curvedsurfacearea曲面面积cyclicexpression输换式cyclicpermutation圆形排列cyclicquadrilateral圆内接四边形cycloid旋输线;摆线cylinder柱；圆柱体cylindrical圆柱形的datadecagondecaydeciledecimaldecimalsystem十进制decisionbox判定框declarativesentence说明语句declarativestatement说明命题decoding译码decrease递减decreasingfunction递减函数；下降函数decreasingsequence递减序列；下降序列decreasingseries递减级数；下降级数decrement减量deduce演绎deduction推论definitedeletedenarynumber十进数denominator分母dependence(1)相关;(2)应变dependentevent(s)相关事件;相依事件;从属事件dependentvariable应变量;应变数depreciation折旧derivable可导derivative导数derivedcurve导函数曲线derivedfunction导函数derivedstatistics推算统计资料;派生统计资料descendingorder递降序deviationdiagonaldiagramdiameterdifferenceofsets差集differentiable可微differential微分differentialcoefficient微商;微分系数differentialequation微分方程differentialmeanvaluetheorem微分中值定理differentiate求...的导数differentiatefromfirstprinciple从基本原理求导数differentiation微分法digit数字dimension量;量网;维(数)directimpact直接碰撞directiondirectrix准线Dirichletfunction狄利克来函数discontinuity不连续性discontinuous间断(的);连续(的);不连续(的) discontinuouspoint不连续点discount折扣discrete分立;离散discretedata离散数据;间断数据discreterandomvariable间断随机变数discreteuniformdistribution离散均匀分布discriminant判别式disjoint不相交的disprovedistancedivergedivergent发散的divergentiteration发散性迭代divergentsequence发散序列divergentseries发散级数divide除dividend(1)被除数；(2)股息divisible可整除division除法divisionalgorithm除法算式divisor除数；除式；因子divisorofzero零因子dodecagon十二边形domaindot点dualechelonform梯阵式echelonmatrix梯矩阵edge棱；边efficientestimator有效估计量effort施力eigenvalue本征值eigenvector本征向量elasticbody弹性体elasticcollision弹性碰撞elasticconstant弹性常数elasticforce弹力elasticity弹性elementellipseellipsiodemptyset空集encoding编码enclosure界限endpoint端点energy能;能量entiresurd整方根epicycloid外摆线equal相等equalratiostheorem等比定理equalroots等根equalsets等集equality等(式)equationequiprobable等概率的equiprobablespace等概率空间equivalence等价equivalenceclass等价类equivalencerelation等价关系equivalent等价(的)error误差errorallowance误差宽容度errorestimate误差估计errorterm误差项errortolerance误差宽容度escribedcircle旁切圆estimateestimatorEuler′evaluateeventexactexactvalue法确解；精确解；真确解example例excentre外心exception例外excess起exclusive不包含exclusivedisjunction不包含性析取exclusiveevents互斥事件exercise练习exhaustiveevent(s)彻底事件existentialquantifier存在量词expand展开exponentexpressextension外延；延长；扩张；扩充extensionofafunction函数的扩张exteriorangle外角externalanglebisectorexternalpointofdivision外分点extremepoint极值点extremevalue极值extremum极值face面factor因子；因式；商factormethod因式分解法factortheorem因子定理；因式定理factorialfallacyFALSEfamilyFermatFibonaccisequence斐波那契序列fictitiousmean假定平均数figure(1)图(形)；(2)数字finalvelocity末速度finite有限finitedimensionalvectorspace有限维向量空间finitepopulation有限总体finiteprobabilityspace有限概率空间finitesequence有限序列finiteseries有限级数finiteset有限集firstapproximation首近似值firsttermfocalaxisfocus(foci)焦点foliumofDescartes笛卡儿叶形线footofperpendicular垂足forallX对所有Xforeach/everyX对每一Xforce力forcedoscillation受迫振动form形式；型formalproof形式化的证明format格式；规格formula(formulae)公式fourleavedrosecurve四瓣玫瑰线fourrulesfractionfreefallfrequencypolygon频数多边形；频率多边形friction摩擦;摩擦力frictionlessmotion无摩擦运动frustum平截头体fulcrum支点function函数functionoffunction复合函数；迭函数functionalnotation函数记号fundamentaltheoremofalgebra代数基本定理fundamentaltheoremofcalculus微积分基本定理gain增益；赚；盈利gainperent赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game（1geoboradgeometricseries等比级数geometry几何；几何学given给定；已知global全局;整体globalmaximum全局极大值;整体极大值globalminimum全局极小值;整体极小值goldensection黄金分割grade等级gradient(1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grandtotal总计graph图像；图形；图表graphpaper图表纸gravitygridlinesgroupgrowthhalfangle半角halfangleformula半角公式halfclosedinterval半闭区间halfopeninterval半开区间harmonicmean(1)调和平均数;(2)调和中项harmonicprogression调和级数head正面（钱币）height高（度）helix螺旋线hemisphere半球体；半球heptagon七边形Heron′sformula希罗公式hexagonHolderHooke′horizontallinehorizontalrange水平射程hyperbolahyperbolicfunction双曲函数hypergeometricdistribution超几何分布hypocycloid内摆线hypotenuse斜边hypothesis假设hypothesistesting假设检验hypotheticalsyllogism假设三段论hypotrochoid次内摆线idempotent全幂等的identical全等；恒等identityif…,thenimageimaginarypart虚部imaginaryroot虚根imaginaryunit虚数单位impact碰撞implication蕴涵式；蕴含式implicitdefinition隐定义implicitfunction隐函数imply蕴涵；蕴含impossibleevent不可能事件improperfraction假分数improperintegral广义积分;非正常积分impulse冲量incentreincircleinclusiveincreaseincreasingsequence递增序列increasingseries递增级数increment增量indefiniteintegral不定积分idenfiniteintegration不定积分法independence独立；自变independentequations独立方程independentevent独立事件independentvariable自变量；独立变量indeterminate(1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminatecoefficient不定系数；未定系数indeterminateform待定型；不定型inertiainferinferenceinfiniteinfinitesequence无限序列；无穷序列infiniteseries无限级数；无穷级数infinitelymany无穷多infinitesimal无限小；无穷小infinity无限(大)；无穷(大)inflection(inflexion)point拐点；转折点inherenterror固有误差initialapproximation初始近似值initialcondition原始条件；初值条件initialpoint始点；起点initialside始边initialvalue初值；始值injectioninputinputboxinsertioninstantaneousvelocity瞬时速度integer整数integrable可积integrablefunction可积函数integral积分integralindex整数指数integralmeanvaluetheorem积数指数integralpart整数部份integralsolution整数解integralvalue整数值integrand被积函数integrate积；积分；......的积分interceptinterestinteriorangle内角interioranglesonthesamesideofthetransversal同旁内角interioroppositeangle内对角intermediatevaluetheorem介值定理internalbisectorinternaldivision内分割internalenergy内能internalforce内力internalpointofdivision内分点interpolatingpolynomial插值多项式interpolation插值inter-quartilerange四分位数间距intersectintervalintuitioninvalidinverseinversefunction反函数；逆映射inversemapping反向映射；逆映射inversematrix逆矩阵inverseproblem逆算问题inverseproportion反比例；逆比例inverserelation逆关系inversesinefunction反正弦函数inversetangentfunction反正切函数inversevariation反变(分)；逆变(分)invertible可逆的invertiblematrix可逆矩阵irrationalequation无理方程irregulariterate(1)iterationkineticfriction动摩擦known己知L′Hospital′srule洛必达法则Lagrangeinterpolatingpolynomial拉格朗日插值多项代Lagrangetheorem拉格朗日定理Lami′slaw拉密定律Laplaceexpansion拉普拉斯展式lastterm末项latentroot本征根;首通径latticepoint格点latusrectum正焦弦;首通径law律；定律lemmalength长letterlikesurdliketerms同类项limacon蜗牛线limit极限limitofsequence序列的极限limitingcase极限情况limitingfriction最大静摩擦limitingposition极限位置line线；行lineofaction作用力线lineofbest-fitlineofgreatestslopelineofintersectionlinearload负荷loadedcoin不公正钱币loadeddie不公正骰子localmaximum局部极大(值) localminimum局部极小(值) locus,loci轨迹logarithm对数logarithmicequation对数方程logarithmicfunction对数函数logic逻辑logicaldeduction逻辑推论；逻辑推理logicalstep逻辑步骤looplossmachinemajorarc优弧；大弧majoraxis长轴majorsector优扇形；大扇形majorsegment优弓形；大弓形mantissa尾数mantissaoflogarithm对数的尾数；对数的定值部manytoone多个对一个many-sidedfigure多边形many-valued多值的mapinto映入maponto映上mapping映射massmatrixmaximumabsoluteerror最大绝对误差maximumpoint极大点maximumvalue极大值mean平均(值)；平均数；中数meandeviation中均差；平均偏差meanvaluetheorem中值定理measureofdispersion离差的量度measurement量度mechanicalenergy机械能median(1)中位数；(2)meet相交；相遇mensuration计量；求积法methodmillionminimumpoint极小点minimumvalue极小值MinkowskiInequality闵可夫斯基不等式minor(1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minorarc劣弧；小弧minoraxis短轴minorofadeterminant子行列式minorsector劣扇形；小扇形minorsegment劣弓形；小弓形minus减minute分mixednumber(fraction)带分数modemodelmodulusmonotone单调monotonicconvergence单调收敛性monotonicdecreasing单调递减monotonicdecreasingfunction单调递减函数monotonicfunction单调函数monotonicincreasing单调递增monotonicincreasingfunction单调递增函数motion运动movablepulley动滑轮multinomial多项式multiple倍数multipleangle倍角multiplymutuallyindependent独立;互相独立mutuallyperpendicularlinesnfactorialn阶乘nthderivativen阶导数nthrootn次根；n次方根ntherootofunity单位的n次根Napierianlogarithm纳皮尔对数;自然对数naturallogarithm自然对数naturalnumber自然数naturalsurjection自然满射necessaryandsufficientcondition充要条件necessarycondition必要条件negationnegativenet净(netforceNewton′sformula牛顿公式Newton′slawofmotion牛顿运动定律Newton′smethod牛顿方法n-gonn边形nonagon九边形non-collinearnon-commutative非交换的non-linear非线性non-linearequation非线性方程non-negative非负的non-reflexive非自反的non-singular(1)满秩的;(2)非奇异的non-zeronormnormalcurvenormaldistribution正态分布，常态分布法线式normalizedform标准型notation记法；记号null零;空nullhypothesis零假设;虚假设nullset空集nullvector零向量。
APEX APPLICATION GUIDE FOR REACCREDITATION说明书
REACCREDITATIONT A R G E T I N G C A N C E R C A R ECopyright © 2021 by the American Society for Radiation Oncology. All rights reserved. No part of this publication covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic or mechanical, including without limitation photocopying, taping or A ME RI CANSO CI E TY F O R R A D I AT I ONONC OL OG YA C C R E D I TAT IO NP RO G R A MFO RE X C EL LE N CETM TMTable of ContentsBefore Starting the Application1Starting the Application1Step 1 – Selecting a Network1 Network Type Selection 2 Network Qualifications 2Step 2 – Selecting and Naming Networks3 Selecting Your Network 3 Naming Main and Satellite Facilities 3Step 3 – Application Review4 Application List 4 Navigation 4 Network Application Form – Overview 4 Network Application Form – Facility Type and Key Personnel 5 Network Application Form – Patients Treated and Sites of Treatment 5 Network Application Form – Modalities and Techniques 5 Network Application Form – Equipment 6 Network Application Form – Health Records and Treatment Planning Systems 6 Network Application Form - Physicians 7 Application Review and Additional Satellite(s) 7Step 4 – Legal Agreements8Step 5 – Payment9 Invoice 9 Payment by Check 9 Payment by Credit Card 9 Payment Confirmation 9APEx Portal10Before Starting the ApplicationIf your practice has more than one administrator in the APEx Portal from the last accreditation cycle, choose one administrator to complete the application. Once your practice begins the application, all other members of the practice will be locked out of the APEx Portal until the application phase is complete and ASTRO has processed your payment.Additionally, once you start the application, you will not have access to the Resources tab of the APEx Portal until access to the Self-Assessment has been granted. Before starting your application, ASTRO suggests that you download the Reaccreditation Guide and Medical Tracking Worksheet to begin your practice’s Self-Assessment preparation.Starting the ApplicationWhen you are ready to begin the application, the chosen APEx administrator will sign in to the APEx Portal and click the blue ‘Reaccreditation’ button. Click continue to confirm the start of the application.The application will pre-populate information from the previous accreditation cycle. During each step, you will have the opportunity to review the data and update it as required.Step 1 – Selecting a NetworkBefore continuing with the application, download these documents from the initial landing page:1. Facility Data Collection Form: A pdf document to send to each satellite facility (if applicable) to aid inupdating the application.2. Facility Agreement and Business Associate Agreement: Download a copy of both legal agreements andsend them to your legal team. Your legal representative should review the agreements while the application is being updated.NETWORK TYPE SELECTIONOn the pre-registration page, define your practice (network):• If you are reapplying with a single facility, select• If you are reapplying with more than one facility, selectNETWORK QUALIFICATIONSIf you select ‘Multiple Networks,’ you will be presented with the Network Qualification window. This will enable your practice to determine if the satellite location(s) are eligible for a multi-facility practice application. Select each item that applies to your multi-facility practice.After selecting Single Network or Multiple Network, and all your multi-facility qualifications (if applicable),clickNote: Your satellite facilities must meet all four qualifications, which include:1. All facilities are located within a 50-miles radius of the main facility.2. All facilities have common policies and procedures (SOP) for key evidence-indicators, including:• SOP for each treatment modality as applicable to the ROP• SOP that defines a process and timeline for individuals who are eligible, but not currently certified, to achieve certification• SOP for Culture of Safety• SOP for radiation survey requirements pre-/post-treatment for brachytherapy and unsealed radioactive sources• SOP on infection control• SOP of intradisciplinary peer review3. All facilities have a medical director, who is a radiation oncologist, responsible for each facility.4. An individual or committee from within radiation oncology practice leadership who is responsible foroverseeing the operations of the multi-facility practice, including the Culture of Safety.If a qualification is not met, you will receive the message below. If you need assistance regarding eligibility, including satellites outside the 50-mile radius of the main facility, please contact ********************* for further information regarding satellite eligibility.Step 2 – Selecting and Naming NetworksSELECTING YOUR NETWORKThis page will auto-populate each facility’s name and location from the previous accreditation cycle’s application.Review your facility(s) name and location, update any information and add/remove any satellites to the application (if applicable).Add a Network: Use this to add additional satellite(s) (if applicable).Edit Tool: Use this to edit the facility’s name and/or location by opening the facility’s creation window.Delete Tool: Use this to permanently delete a satellite. Only use this if the facility is no longer a part of yourmulti-facility practice. If the name or location has changed, use the edit tool.Once all facilities information is correct, clickNAMING MAIN AND SATELLITE FACILITIESEach facility in the APEx Portal must have a unique facility name. When adding or updating any facility’s name, you must use specific naming conventions. This includes facilities within the same multi-facility practice. Please refrain from using generalized names, even if that is your facility’s name. Here are some examples:When adding an additional satellite(s), you may receive an error stating that this facility already exists. This could happen if you name is too generalized or the same as another facility in the program.Step 3 – Application ReviewAPPLICATION LISTReview the information from the previous accreditation cycle for each facility listed in the application. If you are applying as a multi-facility practice, your main facility will be listed first.For facility(s) from the previous application: Click the to review the auto-populated information from the previous accreditation cycle. This information can be updated as required.For new satellites: Click the to complete the six-page electronic form for the new facility.NAVIGATIONWhile updating or adding information to the ROPs application, you may at any time:Discard any changes using the cancel button.Save your current application to finish later.Save and proceed to the next page of the application.Note: all require fields must be completed before progressing to the next page.In several locations you will have the option to add additional fields for information:To add additional fields.To delete additional fields.NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – OVERVIEWEach facility listed within the application will have an individual six-page electronic form that must be completed separately. It is imperative that the information is accurate, as the data will affect information in the Self-Assessment phase.NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – FACILITY TYPE AND KEY PERSONNELReview the previously listed key personnel in yourpractice and update as required. In a multi-facilitypractice, the key personnel can be the same for eachfacility or different, depending how your practice wouldlike them listed.If nothing has changed, click ‘Save and Continue’ tomove to the next page of the application.NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – PATIENTS TREATED AND SITES OF TREATMENT Review and update:• Types of treatment sites• Annual new patients to your facility for bothadult and pediatrics• A new patient is considered brand newto your facility and not patients whohave returned for further treatment (i.e.,a patient treated in the first course forlung cancer and a second course formetastatic brain would count as onepatient).• Pediatric patients are classified by yourpractice’s guidelines, but standardclassification is patients under 18 yearsof age.NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – MODALITIES AND TECHNIQUESReview and update each treatment modality/techniqueused by the radiation oncology department at thisfacility (see note below).Use the additional text fields below if there is atreatment modality/technique treated within yourradiation oncology department that is not listed.This does not include classifications of treatmenttechniques/modalities (i.e., total body irradiation (TBI)would not be a separate technique but would beconsidered External Beam – 3-D CRT).NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – EQUIPMENTUpdate the treatment equipment list to reflect thecurrent equipment commissioned and in use within thefacility.External validation may be satisfied using a companyproviding physics services or when performed by anoutside qualified medical physicist using independentcalibration equipment. If the initial external validationcan not be located, upload the oldest external validationthat your practice has for the equipment.To remove equipment from the list: Click the removalbutton, but please note it will remove from the bottomup, per the functionality of the portal.Example: T o remove the Trilogy above, when clickingthe removal button, it will remove the CT simulatorand require you to update the Trilogy line to the CTinformation. ASTRO recommends transferring the CT simulator information in the Trilogy line first and then click the removal button to delete the duplicate CT.NETWORK APPLICATION FORM – HEALTHRECORDS AND TREATMENT PLANNING SYSTEMSReview and update the electronic health record(s) (EMR/EHR) and treatment planning system(s) (TPS) used withinthe facility.If not listed, use the option below each section to recordany additional system(s).NETWORK APPLICATION FORM - PHYSICIANSReview and update the physician list to include radiationoncologist(s) that are treating patients at this facility.Only include those who have at least 80% of clinical timespent doing direct patient care within the last calendaryear.• For radiation oncologists that split their timeequally between two satellites, include theirname on the physician list for both.• Any radiation oncologist listed will requiremedical record review of patients treated at thatfacility. If the radiation oncologist only providescoverage, then do not include them on thisfacility’s list.To remove a radiation oncologist from the list: Clickthe removal button, but please note it will remove fromthe bottom up with each click, per the functionality of the portal.Example: To remove Jessica Lang, MD from the list above, clicking the removal button will remove both Steve White, MD and Heidi Flynn, MD as well before removing Dr. Lang. For this removal, ASTRO recommends transferring Steve White, MD into Jessica Lang, MD’s spot and then click the removal button to delete the line on the bottom with the duplicate Steve White, MD.Once the physician list is updated, clickAPPLICATION REVIEW AND ADDITIONAL SATELLITE(S)After completing the main facility’s application, repeat Step 3 for each satellite facility within the multi-facility practice. As stated previously, any satellite that was included within the previous accreditation cycle, the application information will auto-populate to assist in a quick review. Any new satellites will require all information to be entered manually.Click to proceed, once all the information is correct.Step 4 – Legal AgreementsDuring the initiation of the application, the legal agreements (APEx Facility Agreement and Business Associate Agreement) should have been sent to your legal team for review. Once both have been reviewed and your legal department has authorized acceptance of the documents, you may electronically sign the agreements by clicking each box:Enter the first and last name, along with the title of the individual with the authority to sign the agreements. Enter the title of your organization (e.g., practice name, corporate name or collective name) and the details of your HIPPA officer.Step 5 – PaymentINVOICEThe final cost of accreditation maynot display in the portal if additionalfees (e.g., satellites outside the 50-mileradius) or discounts (e.g, discount ratefor 10+ practices in the APEx program)are applicable, or if you are optingfor the partial payment plan. In allinstances, your practice should requestan invoice so as not to delay yourpayment. Please contact ASTRO staff at********************* for an invoice.Once your request is received, ASTROstaff will email the invoice to theprimary contact within the APExapplication.PAYMENT BY CHECKIf paying by check, please followthe instructions on the APEx Portalpayment page. All payments must be submitted using the payment options and addresses listed on the payment page. Payment usually take 1-2 weeks to clear through the banking system before ASTRO staff process the payment in the APEx Portal.ASTRO will not receive payments at the ASTRO office, and any sent will be returned to your practice as undeliverable. PAYMENT BY CREDIT CARDIf paying by credit card, please email ASTRO staff at *********************. The staff will direct you to how to submit a payment over the phone.PAYMENT CONFIRMATIONOnce your payment has been processed, ASTRO staff will upload a copy of your APEx receipt to the Repository tab of the APEx Portal and access to the Self-Assessment phase of the program is granted.APEx PortalAfter your payment has been processed, you may access the APEx Portal and the Self-Assessment phase. Your practice may begin the Self-Assessment immediately. All previous team members with access to the APEx Portal will have their rights restored to the previous access level. To access the APEx Portal, click the access button seen below.。
矿物加工技术双语翻译
PartI words Chapter1 Introductionalluvial mining---冲积矿床开采aluminium—铝an optimum grind size—最佳磨矿粒度barytes—重晶石comminution—粉碎degree of liberation—解离度diamond ores—金刚石矿石Electrical conductivity properties—导电性fluorite—萤石fundamental operations—基本选别流程release/liberation—解离Galena—leadsulphide—方铅矿sphalerite-zincsulphide—闪锌矿cassiterite-tin oxide—锡石grinding—磨矿Laboratory and pilot scale test-work—试验室和半工业实验Line flowsheet—线流程locking of mineral and gangue—连生体Middlings—中矿mill(concentrator)--- 选矿厂milling costs—磨矿消耗Minerals definition(p.1)metallic ore processing –金属矿石加工gangue—脉石Mineral—矿物ore—矿石crust of the earth—地壳sea-bed—河床non-metallic ores—非金属矿石bauxite—氧化铝optical properties—光学性质Ore bodies—矿体part per million(ppm)Primary grind—粗磨product handling—产品处理pyrite –黄铁矿Recovery—回收率Refractory bricks—耐火砖abrasives—磨料Separation—分离Smelter—熔炼sorting—拣选subsequent concentration process—后续选别流程Tailings retreatment—尾矿再处理as-mined(run of mine)—原矿mineral processing(ore dressing/mineral dressing/milling（磨选）)—矿物加工portion/concentrate—精矿discard/tailing—尾矿the flowsheet—工艺流程The minimum metal content(grade)—最低金属含量The valuable mineral—有用矿物complex ores—复合矿The waste minerals—脉石enrichment process—富集工艺metal losses—金属损失the enrichment ratio—富集比efficiency of mineral processing operations—矿物加工作业效率The ratio of concentration –选别比the grade/assay—品位ultra-fine particles—超细颗粒unit concentration processes—单元选别流程Chapter2Ore handingopen-pit ore(露天开采的矿石p30，左下)run-of-mine ore(原矿)Typical washing plant flowsheet(洗矿车间典型流程figure 2.2) tipper (卸料器p33 右上)Shuttle belt (梭式胶带p33 右中)Gravity bucket elevator （斗式重力提升机p33 右下）Ore storage(矿物储存p35 右上)包括:stockpile （矿场）bin（矿仓）tank (贮槽)Front-end loader (前段式装载机p35 右上)Bucket-wheel reclaimer（斗轮式装载机p35 右上）Reclaim tunnel system（隧道装运系统p35 右上）The amount of reclaimable material/the live storage(有效贮量p35 右中figure 2.7) Conditioning tank (调和槽p36 左上)Chain-feeder (罗斯链式给矿机figure 2.9)Cross-section of elliptical bar feeder （椭圆形棒条给矿机figure 2.10）Vibrating grizzly feeder (振动格筛给矿机p37 左上)Apron feeder (板式给矿机figure 2.11)Belt feeder (胶带给矿机p37 右下)Chapter 4 particle size analysisacicular(针状);adverse(相反的);algorithm(算法);angular(多角状);aperture(孔径);apex (顶点);apparatus(仪器);arithmetic(运算器，算术); assaying(化验);attenuation(衰减);beaker decantation(烧杯倾析); blinding(阻塞);calibration(校正);charge(负荷);congest(充满);consecutive(连续的);contract(压缩);convection current(对流); conversion factor(转化因子); crystalline(晶体状);cyclosizer(旋流分析仪);de-aerated(脱气);derive:(得出);dilute(稀释);dimensionless quantity(无量纲量); dispersing agent(分散剂);distort(变形);duplicate(重复); electrical impedence(电阻); electroetching(电蚀刻); electroform(电铸);elutriation(淘析);epidote(绿帘石);equilateral triangle(等边三角形); flaky(薄片状);flask(烧瓶);fractionated sample(分级产品); gauze(筛网);geometric(几何学的);granular(粒状的);graticule(坐标网);gray scale(灰度);ground glass(毛玻璃);hand sieve(手动筛);histogram(直方图);immersion(浸没);inter-conversion(相互转变); interpolate(插值);intervals(区间);laminar flow(粘性流体);laser diffraction(激光衍射);light scattering method(光散射法); line of slope(斜率);logarithmic(对数的);machine sieve(机械筛); mechanical constraint(机械阻力);mesh(目);modular(系数的，制成有标准组件的);near size(临界筛孔尺寸);nominal aperture();nylon(尼龙);opening(开口);ordinate(纵坐标);perforated(多孔的);pipette(吸管);plotting cumulative undersize(累积筛下曲线); median size(中间粒度d50);polyhedron(多面体); reflection(反射); procure(获得);projected area diameter(投影面直径);ratio of the aperture width(筛比);refractive index(折射率);regression(回归) ;reproducible(可再生的);sedimentation balance(沉降天平); sedimentation(沉降) ;segment(片);sensor section(传感器); sieve shaker(振动筛，振筛器); spreadsheet(电子表格);simultaneously(同时地);size distribution(粒度分布);spectrometer(摄谱仪);stokes diameter(斯托克斯直径);subdivide(细分);sub-sieve(微粒);suction(吸入);syphon tube(虹吸管);tabulate(列表);tangential entry(切向入口);terminal velocity(沉降末速);truncate(截断);twill(斜纹图);two way cock(双通塞);ultra sonic(超声波);underside(下侧);vertex(顶点);vortex outlet (涡流出口);wetting agent(润湿剂);Chapter 5 comminutionattrition----- 研磨batch-type grindability test—小型开路可磨性实验bond’s third theory—邦德第三理论work index----功指数breakage—破碎converyor--- 运输机crack propagation—裂隙扩展crushing and grinding processes—破碎磨矿过程crushing----压扎crystalline material—晶状构体physical and chemical bond –物理化学键diameter—直径elastic—弹性fine-grained rocks—细粒岩石coarse-grained rocks—粗粒岩石chemical additives—化学添加剂fracture----碎裂free surface energy—自由表面能potential energy of atoms—原子势能graphical methods---图解法grindability test—可磨性实验crushing and grinding efficiency--- 破碎磨矿效率grinding media—磨矿介质gyratory crusher---旋回破碎机tumbling mill --- 筒形磨矿机impact crusher—冲击式破碎机high pressure griding roll--高压辊磨impact breaking-冲击破碎impact—冲击jaw—颚式破碎机material index-材料指数grindability—可磨性mill----选矿厂non-linear regression methods--- 非线性回归法ore carry--- 矿车Parameter estimation techniques—参数估计技术reduction ratio—破碎比roll crusher—辊式破碎机operating work indices—操作功指数Scraper—电铲slurry feed—矿浆SPI(SAG Power Index)—SAG 功指数simulation of comminution processes and circuits—粉碎工艺流程模拟stirred mill—搅拌磨stram energy---应变能the breakage characteristics—碎裂特性the crystalline lattice—晶格the reference ore---参比矿石product size distribution--- 产品粒度分布theory of comminution—粉碎理论brittle—脆性的tough material--- 韧性材料platstic flow—塑性流动Tracer methods—示踪法vibration mill-- 振动磨矿机Chapter 6CrushersAG/SAG mills(autogenousgrinding/semiautogenous grinding) 自磨、半自磨Alternating working stresses交替工作应力Amplitude of swing 摆幅Arrested or free crushing 夹压碎矿、自由碎矿Bell-shaped 钟形Belt scales 皮带秤Binding agents 粘结剂Bitumen 沥青Blending and rehandling 混合再处理Breaker plate 反击板Capital costs 基建费用Capstan and chain 铰杆铰链Cast iron or steel 铸铁铸钢Chalk 白垩Cheek plates 夹板Choke fed 阻塞给矿（挤满给矿）Choked crushing 阻塞碎矿Chromium carbide 碳铬合金Clay 粘土Concave 凹的Convex 凸的Corrugated 波纹状的Cross-sectional area 截面积Cross-section剖面图Crusher gape 排矿口Crusher throat 破碎腔Crushing chamber 破碎腔Crushing rolls 辊式碎矿机Crushing 破碎Discharge aperture 排矿口Double toggle 双肘板Drilling and blasting 打钻和爆破Drive shaft 驱动轴Eccentric sleeve 偏心轴套Eccentric 偏心轮Elliptical 椭圆的Epoxy resin 环氧树脂垫片Filler material 填料Fixed hammer impact mill 固定锤冲击破碎机Flakes 薄片Flaky 薄而易剥落的Floating roll 可动辊Flywheel 飞轮Fragmentation chamber 破碎腔Grizzlies 格条筛Gypsum 石膏Gyratory crushers 旋回破碎机Hammer mills 锤碎机Hydraulic jacking 液压顶Idle 闲置Impact crushers 冲击式破碎机Interparticle comminution 粒间粉碎Jaw crushers 颚式破碎机Limestone 石灰岩Lump 成块Maintenance costs 维修费Manganese steel mantle 锰钢罩Manganese steel 锰钢Mechanical delays 机械检修Metalliferous ores 有色金属矿Nip 挤压Nodular cast iron 球墨铸铁Nut 螺母Pack 填充Pebble mills 砾磨Pillow 垫板Pitman 连杆Pivot 轴Plates 颚板Primary crushing 初碎Receiving areas 受矿面积Reduction ratio 破碎比Residual stresses 残余应力Ribbon 流量Rivets 铆钉Rod mills 棒磨Roll crushers 辊式碎矿机Rotary coal breakers 滚筒碎煤机Rotating head 旋回锥体Scalp 扫除Secondary crushing 中碎Sectionalized concaves分段锥面Set 排矿口Shales 页岩Silica 二氧化硅Single toggle 单肘板Skips or lorries 箕斗和矿车Spider 壁架Spindle 竖轴Springs 弹簧Staves 环板Steel forgings 锻件Stroke 冲程Stroke 冲程Surge bin 缓冲箱Suspended bearing 悬吊轴承Swell 膨胀Swinging jaw 动颚Taconite ores 铁燧岩矿石Tertiary crushing 细碎The (kinetic) coefficient of friction （动）摩擦系数The angle of nip啮角The angle of repose 安息角The cone crusher 圆锥破碎机The cone lining 圆锥衬里The gyradisc crusher 盘式旋回碎矿机Thread 螺距Throughput 处理量Throw 冲程Tripout 停机Trommel screen 滚筒筛Valve 阀Vibrating screens 振动筛Wear 磨损Wedge-shaped 锥形Chapter 7 grinding millsAbrasion 磨蚀Alignment Amalgamation 融合/汞剂化Asbestos 石棉Aspect ratio 纵横比/高宽比Attrition 磨蚀Autogenous mill 自磨机Ball mill 棒磨Barite 重晶石Bearing 轴承Bellow 吼叫Belly 腹部Best-fit 最优化Bolt 螺栓Brittle 易碎的Build-up 增强Butt-weld 焊接Capacitance 电容量Cascade 泻落Cataract 抛落Central shaft 中心轴Centrifugal force 离心力Centrifugal mill 离心磨Chipping 碎屑Churning 搅拌器Circulating load 循环负荷Circumferential 圆周Clinker 渣块Cobbing 人工敲碎Coiled spring 盘簧Comminution 粉碎Compression 压缩Contraction 收缩Corrosion 腐蚀Corrugated 起褶皱的Crack 裂缝Critical speed 临界速度Crystal lattice 晶格Cushion 垫子Cyanide 氰化物Diagnose 诊断Dilute 稀释Discharge 放电Drill coreElastic 有弹性的Electronic belt weigher 电子皮带秤Elongation 延长率Emery 金刚砂Energy-intensive 能量密度Entangle 缠绕Expert system 专家系统Explosives 易爆炸的Flange 破碎Fracture 折断、破碎Front-end loader 前段装备Gear 齿轮传动装置Girth 周长Granulate 颗粒状的Grate discharge 磨碎排矿GreenfieldGrindability 可磨性Grinding media 磨矿介质Groove 沟槽Helical 螺旋状的High carbon steel 高碳钢High pressure grinding roll 高压滚磨Hopper 加料斗Housing 外壳Impact 冲击Impeller 叶轮IntegralInternal stress 内部压力Kinetic energy 运动能Least-square 最小平方Limestone 石灰岩Liner 衬板Lock 锁Lubricant 润滑剂Magnetic metal liner 磁性衬板Malleable 有延展性的Manhole 检修孔Material index 材料指数Matrix 矿脉Muffle 覆盖Multivariable control 多元控制Newtonian 牛顿学的Nodular cast iron 小块铸铁Non-Newtonian 非牛顿的Normally 通常Nuclear density gauge 核密度计Nullify废弃Oblique间接地，斜的Operating 操作Orifice 孔Output shaft 产量轴Overgrinding 过磨Parabolic 像抛物线似地Pebble 砾石Pebble mill 砾磨PendulumPilot scale 规模试验Pinion 小齿轮Pitting 使留下疤痕Plane 水平面PloughPotential energy 潜力Pressure transducer 压力传感器Prime moverPrismatic 棱柱形的Probability 可能性/概率Propagation 增值Pulp density 矿浆密度Pulverize 粉碎Quartzite 石英岩Radiused 半径Rake 耙子Reducer还原剂Reduction ratio 缩小比Retention screenRetrofit 改进Rheological 流变学的Rib骨架Rod 棒Roller-bearing 滚动轴承Rotor 旋转器Rubber liner 橡胶衬板Rupture 裂开ScatsScoop铲起Scraper 刮取器Screw flight 螺旋飞行Seasoned 干燥的SegregationSet-point 选点Shaft 轴Shear 剪Shell 外壳Simulation 模拟SlasticitySpalling 击碎Spigot 龙头Spill 溢出/跌落Spin 使什么旋转Spiral classifier 螺旋分级机Spout 喷出Stationary 静止的Stator 固定片Steady-state 不变的Steel plate 钢盘Steel-capped 钢帽Stirred mill搅拌磨Stress concentration 应力集中Sump 水池Taconite 铁燧岩Tensile stress 拉伸力Thicken 浓缩Throughput 生产量Thyristor 半导体闸流管Time lag 时间间隔Tower mill塔磨Trajectory 轨迹Trial and error 反复试验Trunnion 耳轴Tube millTumbling mill 滚磨Undergrinding 欠磨Underrun 低于估计产量Unlock 开启Vibratory mill 振动磨Viscometer 黏度计Viscosity 黏性Warp 弯曲Wearing linerWedged 楔形物Work index 功指数Chapter 8Industrial screeningBauxite 铝土矿Classification 分级Diagonal 斜的Dry screening 干筛Efficiency or partition curve 效率曲线、分离曲线Electrical solenoids 电磁场Elongated and slabby particles 细长、成板层状颗粒Granular 粒状Grizzly screens 格筛Hexagons 六边形Hydraulic classifiers 水力旋流器Linear screen 线性筛Mesh 网眼Mica 云母Near-mesh particles 近筛孔尺寸颗粒Octagons 八边形Open area 有效筛分面积Oscillating 振荡的Perpendicular 垂直的Polyurethane 聚氨酯Probabilistic 概率性的Resonance screens 共振筛Rhomboids 菱形Rinse 漂洗Rubber 橡胶Screen angle 颗粒逼近筛孔的角度Shallow 浅的Static screens 固定筛Tangential 切线的The cut point（The separation size）分离尺寸Trommels 滚筒筛Vibrating screens 振动筛Water sprays 喷射流Chapter9 classification added increment（增益）aggregate（聚集）alluvial（沉积）apex(顶点) deleterious(有害) approximation（概算，近似值）apron（挡板）buoyant force（浮力）correspond（符合,相符）critical dilution（临界稀释度）cut point（分离点）descent（降落）dilute（稀释的）drag force（拖拽力）duplex（双）effective density（有效比重）emergent（分离出的）equilibrium（平衡）exponent（指数）feed-pressure gauge（给矿压力表）free-settling ratio（自由沉降比）full teeter（完全摇摆流态化）geometry（几何尺寸）helical screw（螺旋沿斜槽）hindered settling（干涉沉降）hollow cone spray（中空锥体喷流）Hydraulic classifier（水力分级机）imperfection（不完整度）incorporated（合并的）infinite（任意的）involute（渐开线式）Mechanical classifier（机械分级机）minimize（最小限度的）multi-spigot hydro-sizer（多室水力分级机）pressure-sensitive valve（压敏阀）Newton’s law（牛顿定律）orifice（孔）overflow（溢流）parallel（平行的，并联的）performance or partition curve（应用特性曲线）predominate（主导）pulp density（矿浆比重）quadruple（四倍）quicksand（流砂体）Reynolds number（雷诺数）scouring（擦洗）Settling cones（圆锥分级机）shear force(剪切力)simplex（单）simulation（模拟）slurry（矿浆）sorting column（分级柱）spherical（球形的）spigot（沉砂）Spiral classifiers（螺旋分级机）Stokes’ law（斯托克斯定律）surging（起伏波动）suspension（悬浮液）tangential（切线式）Teeter chamber（干涉沉降室）teeter（摇摆）terminal velocity(末速)The rake classifier(耙式分级机) turbulent resistance（紊流阻力）underflow （底流）vertical axis（垂直轴）vessel（分级柱）viscosity（粘度）viscous resistance(粘滞阻力) vortex finder（螺旋溢流管）well-dispersed（分散良好的）Chapter 10gravity concentrationactive fluidised bed(流化床); amplitude(振幅);annular(环状的); asbestos(石棉); asymmetrical (非对称的); baddeleyite (斜锆石); barytes (重晶石); cassiterite (锡石); chromite(铬铁矿);circular (循环的); circumference (圆周); closed-circuit (闭路);coefficient of friction (摩擦系数); compartment (隔箱);concentration criterion (分选判据); conduit(管);contaminated(污染);counteract (抵消);degradation (降解);density medium separation (重介质分选); detrimental(有害的);diaphragm (隔膜);dilate (使膨胀);displacement (置换);divert (转移);dredge (挖掘船);eccentric drive(偏心轮驱动); encapsulate (密封);equal settling rate(等沉降比);evenly(均匀的);excavation (采掘);exhaust (废气);feed size range (给矿粒度范围); fiberglass (玻璃纤维);flash floatation (闪浮);flattened(变平);float (浮子);flowing film (流膜);fluid resistance (流体阻力);gate mechanism (开启机制);halt(停止);hand jig (手动跳汰机);harmonic waveform (简谐波);helical(螺旋状的);hindered settling (干涉沉降);hutch(底箱)；immobile (稳定);interlock (连结);interstice (间隙);jerk(急拉);kyanite (蓝晶石);lateral (侧向的，横向的);linoleum (漆布);mica(云母);momentum (动量) ;mount(安装);multiple (多重的)；multi-spigot hydrosizer (多室水力分级机); natural gravity flower (自流); neutralization (中和作用);nucleonic density gauge (核密度计); obscure (黑暗的，含糊不清的); obsolete (报废的);onsolidation trickling (固结滴沉);open-circuit (开路);pebble stone/gravels(砾石); periphery(周边的);pinched (尖缩的) ;platelet(片晶);platinum(铂金);plunger (活塞);pneumatic table(风力摇床); pneumatically (靠压缩空气); porus(孔);preset(预设置);pressure sensing(压力传感的); pressurize (加压);pulsating (脉动的);pulsion/suction stroke (推/吸冲程); quotient (商);radial(径向的);ragging (重物料残铺层);rate of withdraw (引出速率);raw feed (新进料);reciprocate(往复);refuse (垃圾);render (使得);residual (残留的);retard(延迟);riffle (床条);rinse(冲洗);rod mill (棒磨);rotary water vale (旋转水阀); rubber(橡胶);saw tooth (锯齿形的);scraper(刮板);sectors(扇形区);semiempirical(半经验的); settling cone (沉降椎);shaft (轴);side-wall (侧壁);sinterfeed (烧结料);sinusoidal (正弦曲线);slime table(矿泥摇床);sluice (溜槽);specular hematite (镜铁矿); spinning (自转；离心分离); splitters (分离机);starolite (星石英);staurolite (十字石);stratification (分层); stratum (地层); submerge (浸没);sump (池); superimposed (附加的); surge capacity (缓冲容量); synchronization (同步的); throughput(生产能力); tilting frames (翻筛); timing belt (同步带); trapezoidal shaped (梯形的); tray (浅盘) ;trough(槽);tungsten (钨);uneven (不均匀的);uniformity(均匀性);uranolite (陨石);validate(有效);vicinity (附近);water (筛下水);wolframite (黑钨矿，钨锰铁矿);Chapter 11 dense medium separation(DMS) barite（重晶石）Bromoform（溴仿）bucket（桶）carbon tetrachloride（四氯化碳）centrifugal（离心的）chute（陡槽）Clerici solution（克莱利西溶液）corrosion（腐蚀）dependent criterion（因变判据）discard（尾渣）disseminate（分散，浸染）DMS（重介质分选）dominant（主导）Drewboy bath（德鲁博洗煤机）drum separator（双室圆筒选矿机）Drum separator（圆筒选矿机）Dyna Whirlpool（）effective density of separation（有效分选比重）envisage（设想）feasibility（可行性）ferrosilicon（硅铁）flexible sink hose（沉砂软管）fluctuation（波动）fluorite（萤石）furnace（炉）grease-tabling（涂脂摇床）hemisphere（半球）incombustible（不可燃烧的）incremental（递增的）initially（最早地）installation（设备）LARCODEMS（large coal dense medium separator）lead-zinc ore（铅锌矿）longitudinal（纵向）magneto-hydrostatic（磁流体静力）mathematical model（数学模型）metalliferous ore（金属矿）nitrite（亚硝酸盐）Norwalt washer（诺沃特洗煤机）olfram（钨）operating yield（生产回收率）optimum（最佳）organic efficiency（有机效率）paddle（搅拌叶轮）Partition coefficient or partition number（分配率）Partition or Tromp curve（分配或特劳伯曲线）porous(多孔的)probable error of separation；Ecart probable （EP）（分选可能误差）raw coal（原煤）recoverable（可回收的）residue（残渣）revolving lifter（旋转提升器）two-compartmentrigidity（稳定性）sand-stone（砂岩）shale(页岩)siliceous（硅质的）sink-discharge（排卸沉砂）sodium（钠）sulphur reduction（降硫）tabulate（制表）tangential（切线）tedious (乏味)Teska Bash（）Tetrabromoethane（TBE，四溴乙烷）theoretical yield（理论回收率）toxic fume（有毒烟雾）tracer（示踪剂）typical washability curves（典型可选性曲线）Vorsyl separator（沃尔西尔选矿机）weir（堰板）well-ventilated（通风良好的）Wemco cone separator（维姆科圆锥选矿机）yield stress（屈服应力）yield（回收率）Chapter 12 Froth flotationActivator（活化剂）adherence （附着，坚持）adhesion（附着）adhesion（粘附）adjoining（毗邻，邻接的）adsorption(吸附)aeration（充气）aeration（充气量）aerophilic（亲气疏水的）aerophilic（亲气性）Aggregation（聚集体）agitation（搅动）agitator（搅拌机）allegedly（据称）Amine（胺）baffle（析流板）Bank（浮选机组）barite（重晶石）Barren（贫瘠的）batch(开路)Borne（承担）Bubble（泡沫）bubble（气泡）bubble-particle（泡沫颗粒）bulk flotation （混合浮选）capillary tube（毛细管）cassiterite （锡石）cerussite(白铅矿) chalcopyrite（黄铜矿）circulating load（循环负荷）cleaner（精选）clearance（间隙）Collector(捕收剂)collide（碰撞，抵触）compensate（补偿，抵偿）component（组成）concave（凹）concentrate trade（精矿品位）Conditioning period（调整期）conditioning tank（调和槽）cone crusher（圆锥破碎机）configuration(表面配置，格局) Conjunction(关联，合流)contact angle measurement（接触角测量）contact angle（接触角）copper sulphate（硫酸铜）copper-molybdenum（铜钼矿）core(核心)correspondingly（相关的）cylindrical（圆柱）Davcra cell(page305)decantation（倾析）depressant（抑制剂）deteriorating（恶化）Dilute（稀释）Direct flotation（正浮选）disengage（脱离，解开）dissemination（传播）dissolution（解散）distilled water（蒸馏水）diverter（转向器）drill core(岩心)drill(钻头,打眼)duplication（复制）dynamic（动态，能动）economic recovery（经济回收率）Elapse（过去，推移）electrolyte（电解质）electrowinning（电积）Eliminating（消除）enhance（提高、增加）Entail（意味着）entrainment（夹带）erosion（腐蚀）Fatty acid（脂肪酸）fatty acids（脂肪酸）faulting（断层）FCTRfiltration（过滤）fine particle（较细颗粒）floatability（可浮性）flotation rate constant（浮选速率常数）flowsheet（工艺流程）fluctuation（波动）fluorite（萤石）frother（起泡剂）Frother（起泡剂）Gangue（脉石）grease（润滑脂）grindability（可磨性）gross（毛的，）Hallimond tube technique（哈利蒙管）hollow（凹，空心的）hydrophilic（亲水性）Hydrophobic（疏水）Impeller（叶轮）in situ（原位）Incorporate（合并）indicator（指标，迹象）inert（惰性的）intergrowth（连生）intermediate-size fraction（中等粒度的含量）ionising collector（离子型捕收剂）amphoteric（两性）irrespective（不论）jaw crusher(颚式破碎机)jet（喷射，喷出物）laborious（费力的）layout（布局，安排）layout（布局，设计）liable（负责）magnitude（幅度）maintenance（维修）malachite（孔雀石）manganese（锰）mathematically (数学地) mechanism（进程）metallurgical performance（选矿指标）metallurgical（冶金的）MIBC（methyl isobutyl carbinol）（甲基异丁甲醇）Microflotation（微粒浮选）Mineralized（矿化的）mineralogical composition(矿物组成) mineralogy（矿物学）mineralogy（岩相学）MLA(mineral liberation analyser)modify（改变）molybdenite（辉钼矿）multiple（复合的）multiple-step（多步）Natural floatability（天然可浮性）hydrophobic（疏水性的）neutral（中性的）non-metallic（非金属）non-technical（非技术）nozzle（喷嘴）optimum（最佳）organic solvent（有机溶剂）oxidation（氧化）oxyhydryl collector（羟基捕收剂）xanthate（黄药）Oxyhydryl collector（羟基捕收剂）palladium（钯）parallel（平行）penalty（惩罚，危害）penetrate（穿透）peripheral(周边)peripheral（周边的）permeable base（透气板）personnel（人员）pH modifier（pH调整剂）pinch（钉）platinum（铂）pneumatic（充气式）polishing（抛光）portion（比例）postulate（假设）predetermined value（预定值）prior（优先）Pulp potential(矿浆电位)pyramidal tank（锥体罐）pyrite(黄铁矿)QEMSCAN(p288)reagent(药剂)rectangular（长方形）regulator（调整剂）reluctant（惰性的）residual（残留物）reverse flotation（反浮选）rod mill（棒磨机）rougher concentrate（粗选精矿）rougher-scavenger split（粗扫选分界）scale-up（扩大）scavenger（少选精矿）scheme（计划，构想）SE（separation efficienty）sealed drum（密封桶）severity（严重性）Sinter（烧结）sleeve（滚轴）slipstream（汇集）smelter（熔炼）sparger（分布器）sphalerite（闪锌矿）sphalerite（闪锌矿）Standardize（标定，规范）stationary（静止的）stator（定子，静片）storage agitator(储存搅拌器) Straightforward（直接的）Subprocess（子过程）subsequent（随后）Sulphide（硫化物）summation（合计）sustain（保留）swirling（纷飞）tangible（有形，明确的）tensile force（张力）texture（纹理）theoretical（原理的）thickener （浓密机）titanium（钛）TOF-SIMStonnage（吨位）Tube（管，筒）turbine（涡轮）ultra-fine（极细的）undesirable(不可取) uniformity（统一性）unliberated（未解离的）utilize（使用）Vigorous（有力，旺盛）weir-type（堰式）whereby（据此）withdrawal（撤回）Work of adhesion（粘着功）XPSAgglomeration-skin flotation（凝聚-表层浮选p316 左中）Associated mineral （共生矿物）by-product （副产品）Chalcopyrite (黄铜矿)Coking coal (焦煤p344 左下)Control of collector addition rate(p322 last pa right 捕收剂添加率的控制) Control of pulp level(矿浆液位控制p321 last pa on the right )Control of slurry pH(矿浆pH控制p322 2ed pa on the left)DCS--distributed control system(分布式控制系统p320 右中)Denver conditioning tank(丹佛型调和槽figure 12.56)Electroflotation (电浮选p315 右中)feed-forward control(前馈控制p323 figure 12.60)Galena（方铅矿）Molybdenum （钼）Nickel ore (镍矿的浮选p343 左)PGMs--platinum group metals(铂族金属)PLC--programmable logic controller（可编程序逻辑控制器p320 右中）porphyry copper（斑岩铜矿）Table flotation (摇床浮选俗称“台选”p316 左中)Thermal coal (热能煤p344 左下)Ultra-fine particle（超细矿粒p315 右中）Wet grinding(湿式磨矿)Chapter 13 Magnetic and electrical separationCassiterite(锡石矿) wolframite(黑钨矿) Diamagnetics(逆磁性矿物) paramagnetics(顺磁性矿物) Ferromagnetism(铁磁性) magnetic induction(磁导率)Field intensity(磁场强度) magnetic susceptibility(磁化系数) Ceramic(瓷器) taconite(角岩)Pelletise(造球) bsolete(废弃的)Feebly(很弱的) solenoid(螺线管)Cobbing(粗粒分选) depreciation(折旧)Asbestos(石棉) marcasite(白铁矿)Leucoxene(白钛石) conductivity(导电性)Preclude(排除) mainstay(主要组成)Rutile(金红石) diesel(柴油)Cryostat(低温箱)Chapter 14 ore sortingappraisal(鉴别);audit(检查);barren waste(废石); beryllium isotope(铍同位素); boron mineral(硼矿物); category(范围);coil(线圈);downstream(后处理的); electronic circuitry(电路学); feldspar(长石); fluorescence(荧光);grease(油脂);hand sorting(手选);infrared(红外的);irradiate(照射);laser beam(激光束); limestone(石灰石); luminesce(发荧光); luminescence(荧光); magnesite(菱镁矿); magnetic susceptivity(磁敏性); matrix(基质); microwave(微波);monolayer(单层);neutron absorption separation(中子吸收法); neutron flux (中子通量);oleophilicity(亲油的);phase shift(相变);phosphate(磷酸盐);photometricsorting(光选);photomultiplier(光电倍增管);preliminary sizing(预先分级);proximity(相近性);radiometric (放射性的);scheelite(白钨矿);scintillation(闪烁);seam(缝隙);sequential heating(连续加热);shielding(防护罩);slinger(投掷装置);subtle discrimination(精细的鉴别);talc(滑石);tandem(串联的);thermal conductivity(热导率);ultraviolet(紫外线); water spray(喷水); Chapter15DewateringAcrylic(丙烯酸) monomer(单分子层) Allotted(分批的)jute(黄麻) Counterion(平衡离子) amide(氨基化合物) Diaphragm(隔膜) blanket(覆盖层) Electrolyte(电解液) gelatine(动物胶) Flocculation(聚团) decant(倒出)Gauge(厚度，测量仪表) rayon(人造纤维丝) hyperbaric(高比重的) Membrane(薄膜) coagulation(凝结) miscelaneous(不同种类的) barometric(气压的) Potash(K2CO3)tubular(管状的) Sedimentation(沉淀) filtration(过滤)Thermal drying(热干燥) polyacrylamide(聚丙烯酰胺)Chapter16 tailings disposalBack-fill method—矿砂回填法tailings dams—尾矿坝impoundment—坝墙Cyclone—旋流器Dyke—坝体slimes—矿泥Floating pump—浮动泵站compacted sand—压实矿砂Lower-grade deposits -- 低品位矿床heavy metal—重金属mill reagent—选矿药剂Neutralization agitator—中和搅拌槽thickener---浓密池overflow –溢流River valley—河谷upstream method of tailings-dam construction –上流筑坝法Sulphur compound—硫化物additional values—有价组分the resultant slimes—脱出的矿泥surface run-off-- 地表水lime—石灰the downstream method—下游筑坝法the centre-line method –中线筑坝法drainage layer—排渗层Underflow—沉砂water reclamation—回水利用reservoir—贮水池Part II ElaborationsChapter2 Ore handing1.The harmful materials and its harmful effects(中的有害物质，及其影响) -----P30 右2.The advantage of storage (贮矿的好处)-----p35 左下Chapter 4 particle size analysis3.equivalent diameter (page90);4.:stokes diameter (page98) ; median size (page95,left and bottom); 80% passing size (page95,right) ; cumulative percentage(page94-95under the title’presentation of results’); Sub-sieve;(page 97,right)5.why particle size analysis is so important in the plant operation? (page90, paragraph one); some methods of particle analysis, their theory and the applicable of thesize ranges.(table4.1+theory in page91-106)7.how to present one sizing test?(page94)8.how to operate a decantation test?(page98 sedimentation test)9.advantage and disadvantage of decantation in comparison with elutriation? (Page99 the second paragraph on the left +elutriation technique dis/advantage in page 102 the second paragraph on the left)Chapter 6Crushers10.The throw of the crusher: Since the jaw is pivoted from above, it moves a minimum distance at the entry point and a maximum distance at the delivery. This maximum distance is called the throw of the crusher.11.Arrested(free) crushing: crushing is by the jaws only12.Choked crushing: particles break each other13.The angle of nip:14.1)the angle between the crushing members2)the angle formed by the tangents to the roll surfaces at their points of contact withthe particle(roll crushers)15.Ore is always stored after the crushers to ensure a continuous supply to the grinding section. Why not have similar storage capacity before the crushers and run this section continuously?(P119,right column, line 13)16.The difference between the jaw crusher and the gyratory crusher?(P123,right column, paragraph 3)17.Which decide whether a jaw or a gyratory crusher should be used in a particular plant?(p125,left column, paragraph 2)18.Why the secondary crushers are much lighter than the heavy-duty, rugged primary machines?(P126,right column, paragraph 4)19.What’s the difference between the 2 forms of the Symons cone crusher, the Standard and the short-head?(P128,left column, paragraph3 )20.What’s the use of the parallel section in the cone crusher?(P128,left column, paragraph4)21.What’s the use of the distributing plate in the cone crusher?(P128,right column, paragraph1)22.Liner wear monitoring(P129,right column, paragraph2)23.Water Flush technology(P130, left column, paragraph1)24.What’s the difference between the gyradisc crusher and the conventional cone crusher?(P130,right column, paragraph 4)25.What’s the use of the storage bin?(P140,left column, paragraph 2)26.Jaw crushers(p120)27.the differences between the Double-toggle Blake crushers and Single-toggle Blakecrushers(p121, right column, paragraph 3)28.the use of corrugated jaw plates(p122, right column, line 8)29.the differences between the tertiary crushers and the secondary crushers?(p126,right column, paragraph 5)30.How to identify a gyratory crusher, a cone crushers?(p127, right column, paragraph 3)31.the disadvantages of presence of water during crushing(p130,right column, paragraph 2)32.the relationship between the angle of nip and the roll speed?(p133, right column)33.Smooth-surfaced rolls——used for fine crushing; corrugated surface——used for coarse crushing;(p134, left column, last paragraph)Chapter 7 grinding mills34.Autogenous grinding：An AG mill is a tumbling mill that utilizes the ore itself as grinding media. The ore must contain sufficient competent pieces to act as grinding media.P16235.High aspect ratio mills: where the diameter is 1.5-3 times of the length. P16236.Low aspect ratio mills：where the length is 1.5-3 times of the diameter. P16237.Pilot scale testing of ore samples: it’s therefore a necessity in assessing the feasibility of autogenous milling, predicting the energy requirement, flowsheet, and product size.P16538.Semi-autogenous grinding: An SAG mill is an autogenous mill that utilizes steel balls in addition to the natural grinding media. P16239.Slurry pool：this flow-back process often leads to higher slurry hold-up inside an AG or SAG mill, and may sometimes contribute to the occurrence of “slurry pool”, which has adverse effects on the grinding performance.P16340.Square mills：where the diameter is approximately equal to the length.P16241.The aspect ratio: the aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of diameter to length. Aspect ratios generally fall into three main groups: high aspect ratio mills、square mills and low aspect ratio mills.P16242.grinding circuit: Circuit are divided into two broad classifications: open and closed.( 磨矿回路p170)43.closed circuit: Material of the required size is removed by a classifier, which returns oversize to the mill.(闭路p170左最后一行)44.Circulation load: The material returned to the mill by the classifier is known as circulation load , and its weight is expressed as a percentage of the weight of new feed.(循环负荷p170右)45.Three-product cyclone: It is a conventional hydrocyclone with a modified top cover plate and a second vortex finder inserted so as to generate three product streams. (p171右)46.Parallel mill circuit: It increase circuit flexibility, since individual units can be shut down or the feed rate can be changed, with little effect on the flowsheet.(p172右) 47.multi-stage grinding: mills are arranged in series can be used to produce。
apex user manual (apex用户手册)
BRUKER ADVANCED X-RAY SOLUTIONSUSER’S MANUALM86-E02015 -0800SMART APEX User’s ManualThis manual covers the SMART APEX software package. To order additional copies of this publication, request the part number shown at the bottom of this page.© 2000 Bruker AXS Inc. All world rights reserved.Printed in U.S.A.NoticeThe information in this publication is provided for reference only. All information contained in this publication is believed to be correct and complete. Bruker AXS Inc. shall not be liable for errors contained herein, nor for incidental or consequential damages in conjunction with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. All product specifications, as well as the information contained in this publication, are subject to change without notice.This publication may contain or reference information and products protected by copyrights or patents and does not convey any license under the patent rights of Bruker AXS Inc. nor the rights of others. Bruker AXS Inc. does not assume any liabilities arising out of any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties.Bruker AXS Inc. makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.© 2000 Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin 53711 USA, all world rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photocopy, photography, magnetic, or other record without prior written permission of Bruker AXS Inc.Address comments to:Marketing Communications DepartmentBruker AXS, Inc.5465 East Cheryl ParkwayMadison, Wisconsin 53711-5373USANote:1.Windows NT is a registered trademark of Microsoft.M86-E02015 -0800Table of Contents1Introduction.............................................................................................................................1-11.1SMART APEX Features..................................................................................................1-11.2How to Use This Manual..................................................................................................1-1 2Software Overview..................................................................................................................2-13Hardware Overview.................................................................................................................3-13.1SMART APEX System Components................................................................................3-13.23-axis Goniometer Module with SMART APEX Detector..................................................3-33.3Accessories.....................................................................................................................3-64Data Collection........................................................................................................................4-14.1Activate the Video Program.............................................................................................4-24.2Activate the SMART Program.........................................................................................4-34.3Optically Align the Sample..............................................................................................4-74.4Unit Cell Determination.................................................................................................4-124.5Data Collection..............................................................................................................4-144.6Least Squares Refinement............................................................................................4-15 5Data Integration.......................................................................................................................5-1 6Structure Determination & Refinement..................................................................................6-1M86-E02015 -0800iTable of Contents SMART APEX User’s Manual iiM86-E02015 -08001.1 SMART APEX FeaturesThe Bruker AXS SMART APEX system is the newest member the SMART CCD product line of instrumentation for single crystal X-ray diffraction. This system is completely redesigned and features a new CCD detector, based upon a 4K CCD chip. It also incorporates a new goniometer with an enhanced interface, all enclosed in a fail-safe X-ray enclosure system.From a software and operational viewpoint, the SMART APEX system shares many common features with its predecessors (SMART 1K, SMART 2K, SMART 1000, SMART 2000, SMART 1500, SMART 6000, and SMART 6500). These features are discussed in the SMART Reference Manual. Also, most of the information in the current SMART, SAINT, and ASTRO manuals applies to the SMART APEX system and the other SMART CCD systems.From a hardware viewpoint, the SMART APEX also shares common hardware components. Other members of this new generation of instruments include the D8 ADVANCE and D8 DISCOVER, and the D8 GADDS systems for general diffraction. Documentation on some of these common hardware and software components is available in the user’s manuals for the D8 family of instruments.1.2 How to Use This ManualThis manual covers basic tutorial steps to get you started using the SMART APEX X-ray diffractometer system.The manual leads you step-by-step through an actual data collection and structure determination experiment performed on a typical system. Additional reference is made (where necessary) to related program manuals (SMART, SAINT, ASTRO, and SHELXTL), appendices, other factory documentation, and standard crystallographic reference materials. And special notes are included where new users tend to have problems.Information is organized in this manual as follows:• Section 1, Introduction, presents system features and instructions on using thismanual.• Section 2, Software Overview, provides details on the software used with thesystem.1 IntroductionM86-E02015 -08001-1Introduction SMART APEX User ’s Manual1-2M86-E02015 -0800• Section 3, Hardware Overview, provides details on the system configuration for those not familiar with the equipment.Included is a brief description of each component as well as options available with the system.•Section 4, Data Collection, describes basic operation of the hardware and software of the SMART APEX system to collect single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Procedural steps are presented in a typical fashion that you would use to analyze an unknown sample.•Section 5, Data Integration, explains how to convert the raw frame data to a set of integrated intensities that can be used to solve and refine the crystal structure. This section will illustrate use of theSAINTPLUS interface program to carry out integration of a data set previously collected in Section 4.•Section 6, Structure Determination &Refinement, demonstrates how to use the reduced intensity data to produce a crystal structure. The SHELXTL suite of crystallographic programs will be described.Examples in this manual use the specimen sample 2-dimethylsulfuranylidene-indan-1, 3-dione (YLID)1, similar to the crystal provided with your system. By using a similar sample,you can duplicate the procedures described in this manual and obtain similar results to assure your understanding of the SMART programs. (That is, your results should match those outlined in this manual except for minor variations caused by slight differences in specimens or instrument parameters.)Note : Before using this manual, ensure that the system is in proper working condition (e.g.the X-ray tube is aligned) and that all software has been properly installed.The essential software components of the SMART APEX system (located in the Bruker AXS program folder on your Windows NT desktop) are:SMART program This on-line programcontrols the instrument tocollect the experimentaldata used by the otherprograms in the systemprogram suite.SMART program This off-line versionperforms many datadisplay and manipulationfunctions but cannotcontrol the instrument. VIDEO program This program controls thereal-time video imagesfrom the video camera.SAINTPLUSprogramThis program sets up andcarries out the integrationprocess.SHELXTLprogramsThis program suiteproduces a crystalstructure from theintegrated data.2 SoftwareOverviewM86-E02015 -08002-1Software Overview SMART APEX User’s Manual 2-2M86-E02015 -08003.1 SMART APEX SystemComponentsThe SMART APEX system (Figure 3-1) consists of the following basic components.•3-axis goniometer module with SMART APEX detector (see Section 3.2)•Radiation safety enclosure with interlocks and warning lights•D8 controller•Refrigerated recirculator for SMART APEX detector•Computer3 HardwareOverviewFigure 3-1. SMART APEX system componentsM86-E02015 -08003-1Hardware Overview SMART APEX User ’s Manual3-2M86-E02015 -0800Radiation safety enclosure with interlocks and warning lightsA common component of all systems in the D8 family is the radiation safety enclosure.This new design is fully leaded (leaded metal sides and panels, leaded windows) to protect you from stray radiation. The enclosure also includes warning lamps (a governmentrequirement) that alert you when X-rays are being generated. And, as a special feature,the enclosure incorporates interlocks (for both hardware and software)—an automaticsystem-interruption device that senses when the doors and panels are open and prevents use of the shutter and data collection until you close the doors.D8 controllerThe D8 controller is an electronic module enclosed in the rack behind the font panel of the instrument. It contains all of the electronics and firmware for driving goniometer angles, opening the X-ray shutters, and monitoring other instrumentfunctions, such as safety interlocks, generator status, and detector statuses.Refrigerated recirculator for SMART APEX detectorThe refrigerated recirculator uses Peltiertechnology to cool the CCD chip to a required -40° C to minimize dark currents.ComputerIncluded with the system is a high-speed computer, which is used for control of the experiment, storage of raw frame data,integration of data, and solution andrefinement of the structure. The computeruses the Microsoft Windows NT ®operating system and includes the software described in Section 2. Often the computer is attached to a network of similarly configured computers with access to local and/or network printers.SMART APEX User ’s Manual Hardware OverviewM86-E02015 -08003-33.23-axis Goniometer Module with SMART APEX DetectorThe 3-axis goniometer module and itsassociated SMART APEX detector comprise the unique hardware of the SMART APEX system. This is the part of the instrument that actually performs the experiment.Several components comprise the 3-axis goniometer module with SMART APEX detector (Figure 3-2).•Goniometer with fixed chi (χ)stage •X-ray source (including shielded X-ray tube, X-ray safety shutter, and graphite crystal monochromator)•SMART rotary shutter and incident beam collimator (with beam stop)•SMART APEX detector •K760 X-ray generator •Manual control module •Video cameraGoniometer with fixed chi stageThe standard SMART APEX system uses a horizontally oriented D8 PLATFORMgoniometer base (with 2-theta [2θ] and omega [ω] drives) with dovetail tracks for the X-ray source and the detector, and mounting posts for accessories such as the video camera and optional low-temperature attachment. The system also incorporates a fixed chi stageFigure 3-2. SMART APEX & goniometer module instrumentationHardware Overview SMART APEX User ’s Manual3-4M86-E02015 -0800with chi angle of approximately 54.74° and a phi drive with 360° rotation.All four axes (2θ, ω, φ, and χ) intersect within a volume of approximately 10 microns. These axes are shown in Figure 3-3.Figure 3-3. Fixed χ, 3-axis goniometerX-ray sourceThree components (Figure 3-2) comprise the X-ray source: a shielded X-ray tube, an X-ray safety shutter, and a graphite crystal monochromator.The sealed tube X-ray source, with amolybdenum (Mo) target, produces the X-ray beam used by the SMART APEX system.The X-ray safety shutter is built into the X-ray tube shield. The shutter opens upon initiation of a set of exposures and closes upon the end of collection. Status lamps on the shutter housing indicate when the shutter is open (green) and closed (red). The shutter is also interfaced to the controller and to the safety interlocks.A tunable graphite crystal monochromator selects only the K α line (λ=0.71073Å) emitted from the Mo X-ray source and passes it down the collimator system.SMART Rotary Shutter and Collimator The monochromatic X-ray beam then passes through the labyrinth, the SMART rotary shutter, and the incident beam collimator before striking the specimen.•The labyrinth is a spring-loaded device,which ensures that the collimator and the SMART shutter are tightly connected to prevent X-ray leakage.•The SMART shutter is a device which precisely controls the exposure time foreach frame during data collection. ItsSMART APEX User ’s Manual Hardware OverviewM86-E02015 -08003-5status lamps indicate when the shutter is open (ON) and closed (OFF). This assembly also houses an automatic attenuator.•The incident collimator is equipped with pinholes at both front (near crystal) and rear (near source). These pinholes help to define the size and shape of the incident X-ray beam that strikes the specimen. You will normally use a collimator with 0.5 mm pinholes. (Collimators are available in a variety of sizes, depending on your application.)•The beam stop (a hook-like assembly attached to the collimator) catches the remainder of the direct beam after it has passed the specimen. The beam stop has been aligned to minimize scattered X-rays and to prevent the direct beam from hitting the detector.The entire collimator assembly is supported by a collimator support assembly, which has been precisely aligned to guarantee that the X-ray beam passes through the center of the goniometer.SMART APEX detectorThe SMART APEX detector is specific to this system. It is mounted on a 2θ dovetail track.The track has a scale that is calibrated to indicate the distance from the crystal to the phosphor window (a typical distance is 6 cm).Status lamps on the detector housing indicate when the detector is on (green) and off (red).K760 X-ray generatorThe K760 X-ray generator is a high-frequency, solid-state X-ray generator, which provides a stable source of power for operations up to 60 kilovolts (kV) and 50milliamps (mA). For the SMART APEXsystem, power settings should never exceed the maximum power rating of the X-ray tube.(Typical maximum power settings for the SMART APEX system with a normal focus tube are 50 kV, 40 mA. The kV setting should not exceed 50 kV.) This generator isinterfaced to the controller, and the power settings may be adjusted either from front panel buttons or from within the SMART software.Manual control moduleThe manual control module is a remotedevice that you will use in certain operations to manually drive angles (particularly inoptical alignment of a specimen). The module is physically the same as in other D8 systems but has a different keypad and functions. In this application, you will use only the first three rows of buttons and the AXIS PRINT button.Video cameraThe video camera, an essential part of the system, allows you to visualize the crystal to optically align it in the X-ray beam and to measure the crystal dimensions and index crystal faces. The camera is interfaced to the computer and is operated through the VIDEO program. The camera is mounted in the accessories track of the goniometer base.Hardware Overview SMART APEX User’s Manual3.3 AccessoriesVarious devices can be mounted in anaccessories track on the goniometer base.These include an optional low-temperatureattachment.3-6M86-E02015 -0800We are now ready to begin actual operation of the instrument, using the YLID test crystal (mentioned in section 1). We assume that your system manager has set up the system properly and that all system default parameters have been set appropriately.At this time, double click the BrukerAXS Programs icon on the Windows NT desktop (Figure 4-1).Figure 4-1. Bruker AXS programs icon on desktopThe BrukerAXS Programs window appears (Figure 4-2), containing icons for the Bruker AXS Program modules described in Section 2.Figure 4-2. BrukerAXS programs window4 DataCo llectionM86-E02015 -08004-1Data Collection SMART APEX User’s Manual4-2M86-E02015 -08004.1 Activate the Video ProgramBefore starting the SMART program, you must first activate the video camera as follows:1. Double-click the Video (binoculars) icon(recall Figure 4-2) to start the Video program and display the main window (Figure 4-3).Figure 4-3. Video program’s main window2. Click File > New Image to open a new file(Figure 4-4).Figure 4-4. Create new video image3. Then press the green arrow button in thetoolbox to start the video frame grabber (Figure 4-5).Figure 4-5. Start video frame grabberThe video camera is now ready for later use.Continue now to the SMART Program sectionof this manual.SMART APEX User ’s Manual Data CollectionM86-E02015 -08004-34.2 Activate the SMART ProgramActivate the SMART program as follows:1. Double-click the SMART (goniometer)icon to start the SMART program.SMART establishes communication with the D8 controller, the SMART APEXdetector, and the X-ray generator. Then it displays its main screen without unit cell information (Figure 4-6).Figure 4-6. Main screen without unit cell informationThen SMART reminds you where you last worked and displays the next message (Figure 4-7).Figure 4-7. Return to project2. Press the Yes button (normal response).The program then informs you that it has changed directories and asks forconfirmation to continue (Figure 4-8).Figure 4-8. Confirmation of current directoryData Collection SMART APEX User ’s Manual4-4M86-E02015 -08003. Press OK (normal response). Theprogram then communicates with theinstrument, then loads the calibration files and parameters from the previous project (Figure 4-9).Figure 4-9. Screen showing data from previous projectNote : While presenting data(handshaking), the menu headings appear grayed (inactive). Once all data has been displayed (handshakingfinished), the menu headings return to black (active).4. Click Crystal > New Project to start a newproject. A new project options window appears (Figure 4-10).Figure 4-10. New project options window after entering information5. Fill in all available information as shown(Figure 4-11). Note that you must specify a Project Name (lines 1 and 2) and a Working Directory and a Data Directory (which may be the same). You should also enter additional information specific to your specimen so that it will appear in the final structure report. When you are finished, click OK.Figure 4-11. Options windowSMART APEX User ’s Manual Data CollectionM86-E02015 -08004-5The following save message appears (Figure 4-12).Figure 4-12. Save the current configuration6. Press Yes. Another message prompts youto create the new directory (Figure 4-13).The message will appear twice if the working directory and the data directory are not the same.Figure 4-13. Create the new directory7. Click Yes (normal response). SMARTthen asks you to load the system default settings (Figure 4-14).Figure 4-14. Project defaultsData Collection SMART APEX User ’s Manual4-6M86-E02015 -08008. Select Small Molecule, then press OK.SMART loads the system defaults and displays a SMART screen. This screen will contain the sample-to-detector plane distance, the current goniometer angle settings, current dark and flood files, and information concerning your project and its working and data directories. No unit cell information displays. (Figure 4-15.)Figure 4-15. SMART screen with loaded data9. Click Level > Level1 (Figure 4-16). Thislevel has a minimum number of options for routine problems, such as YLID, and will be used for this tutorial experiment.Level2 has more crystallography options required for special problems. Level3 is designed for use by a system manager only.Figure 4-16. Level menu10. Click Goniom > Zero to drive all angles tozero, and check the goniometer scales toensure that all angles read zero. Thefollowing drive message appears (Figure4-17).Figure 4-17. Drive all angles to zeroThe system is now ready for you to begin the experiment.CAUTION: Use extreme care whenhandling the goniometer head to preventdamage to your expensive sample on theend of the small glass fiber.11. Carefully remove from its case thegoniometer head containing the YLID testcrystal.12. Place the goniometer head onto its baseon the phi (φ) drive, aligning the head’skey slot with the key (pin) in the base.Snugly screw the head’s collar to the base such that the head does not move, but do not overtighten it.Note: At φ=0°, the key on the mountingbase of the goniometer head will be at the 12:00 position.13. Click Crystal > Generator to check the X-ray power. The Goniometer /GeneratorOptions panel appears (Figure 4-18).Figure 4-18. Goniometer /Generator Options panel14. Set appropriate values for kilovolts (kV)and milliamps (mA). For this experiment,we want 50 kV and 30 mA. Click OK toprogram these new settings.4.3 Optically Align the SampleTo obtain accurate unit cell dimensions and to collect good quality data, you must align the center of the sample with the center of the X-ray beam and maintain the alignment for the entire experiment. We assume that your video camera has been aligned so that the crosshairs of the video camera coincide with the center of the goniometer and the center ofthe X-ray beam.M86-E02015 -08004-74-8M86-E02015 -0800Align the sample as follows:1. Click Crystal > Evaluate to begin thealignment of the sample in the center of the X-ray beam.The alignment process combines optical alignment steps with rotational photo steps. The menu bar at the top of the SMART screen remains gray (Figure 4-19) until you complete the opticalalignment step and exit by pressing the ESC key.Figure 4-19. Grayed SMART screen menu bar during optical alignmentDuring the first stage (optical alignment),you will control the instrument from the manual control module (Figure 4-20)using buttons A and B.Figure 4-20. Manual control moduleAlso during optical alignment, you will adjust the goniometer head at screw locations shown in Figure 4-21. Use the goniometer wrench to unlock the axis adjustment locks and later lock them. Use the other end of thewrench to turn the adjustment screws.M86-E02015 -08004-9Figure 4-21. Goniometer head adjustment locations2. Click on the Video window to display thereal-time image of the crystal (Figure 4-22).Figure 4-22. Real-time image of the crystal3. Press the A button on the manual controlmodule to drive the goniometer angles to the base position (2θ = -30°, ω = -30°)and φ = 0° for optical alignment.Note : If you have difficulty seeing the image of the crystal, you may want to better illuminate the sample with a high-intensity lamp and/or temporarily place a light-colored piece of paper on the front of the detector.4. Adjust the goniometer head ’s Z-axisadjustment screw (recall Figure 4-21) until the crystal is near the crosshairsintersection on the video screen (Figure 4-23).Figure 4-23. Crystal near the crosshairs intersection4-10M86-E02015 -08005. Adjust the goniometer head ’s X-axisadjustment screw to center the crystal on the crosshairs intersection (Figure 4-24).Figure 4-24. Crystal centered on crosshairs (φ =0°)6. Press the A button again to rotate the phiby 180° and to verify that you have correctly centered the sample at both φ=0° and φ =180°. (Do not be concerned if the crystal moves away from its center as it rotates; you have not yet adjusted the Y axis.)Note : Repeat this process as many times as necessary. Each time you press the A button, the phi angle will rotate between 0° and 180°.7. Press the B button to rotate the phi angleto 90° for adjustment of the Y axis (Fig 4-25).Figure 4-25. Crystal oriented for Y-axis adjustment8. Adjust the goniometer head ’s Y-axisadjustment screw (Figure 4-19) to center the crystal on the crosshairs intersection (Figure 4-26).Figure 4-26. Crystal centered on crosshairs (φ =90°)M86-E02015 -08004-119. Press the B button again to rotate the phiangle to 270° and to verify that you have correctly centered the sample at both φ=90° and φ =270°.Note : Repeat this process as many times as necessary. Each time you press the B button, the phi angle will rotate between 90° and 270°.The center-of-mass of a properly aligned specimen should stay in the same place with respect to the center of the crosshairs in all angle settings.Note : If the video camera has become misaligned, the center of the crosshairs may need to be adjusted by your system manager.10. Cycle between the two positions of both Aand B one last time to ensure that the crystal remains centered in all positions.11. After the alignment has been completedusing A and B positions, you should verify the alignment by using the C and D buttons in a similar manner.12. When you have completed the opticalalignment steps, remove any paper you might have placed on the detector face and close the doors of the enclosure.13. Click on the SMART program window,then press the ESC key to exit the optical alignment stage. SMART then prompts for a rotation photograph (Figure 4-27).Figure 4-27. Prompt for a rotation photograph14. Press Y (normal response). SMART willthen perform a 60-second rotation photo.During this time, phi data on the screen will be highlighted and the shutter data will read: OPEN. Upon completion of the photo, the image frame will display on the screen (Figure 4-28).Figure 4-28. Image frame following 60-second rotationAt this time, proceed to Unit CellDetermination.4.4 Unit Cell Determination Perform a unit cell determination as follows: 1. From the SMART program, click Crystal> Unit Cell. The following messageappears, asking you to verify that thedistance and beam center are correct(Figure 4-29).Figure 4-29. Distance and beam center verification2. Ensure that the distance shown on thedetector scale agrees with the valueshown on the screen. Then press Yes.SMART then displays a set of defaultvalues for unit-cell determination andasks you to confirm them (Figure 4-30). Figure 4-30. Set of default values for unit-cell determination 3. Press OK (as these values areappropriate for this crystal). The program then collects three sets of 20 framescalled MATRIX0, MATRIX1, andMATRIX2 (Figure 4-31).Figure 4-31. Frame collection (MATRIX0, MATRIX1, and MATRIX2)When all frames have been collected,SMART performs the steps ofthresholding, indexing, Bravais latticedetermination, and least-squaresrefinement of cell constants. The YLIDtest crystal has an orthorhombic primitiveunit cell, as shown in Figure 4-32.4-12M86-E02015 -0800。
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美国真实地址，邮编，电话号码Name Address TelephoneEMPRESS HARBOR SEAFOOD RESTAURANT 海皇翠亨村大酒楼111 N.Atlantic Blvd., #350 Monterey Park, CA, 91754 (626)300-8833SEA EMPRESS SEAFOOD RESTAURANT海皇海鲜酒家1636 W. Redondo Beach Blvd. Gardena, CA, 90247 (310)538-2620CHINESE CUISINE111 N Atlantic BlvdAlhambra, CA, 91801 (626)300-8833CHIU HENG RESTAURANT423 N Atlantic BlvdAlhambra, CA, 91801 (626)281-6388GOLDEN WOK521 N Montebello BlvdMontebello, CA, 90640 (323)888-0998KIM FUNG RESTAURANT金凤潮州粿条餐厅128 N. Garfield Ave. Monterey Park, CA, 91754 (626)280-8276KIM FUNG RESTAURANT金凤潮州粿条餐厅534 E Valley BlvdSan Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)280-8268888 SEAFOOD RESTAURANT海珍大酒楼8450 Valley Blvd,.#121 Rosemead, CA, 91770 (626)573-1888 CHARMING GARDEN REST湘园餐厅111 N. Atlantic Blvd,.#351Monterey Park, CA, 91754 (626)458-4508D.K BAKERY,INC登高食品公司P.O.Box 6937Alhambra, CA, 91802 (626)284-8756GL RESTAURANT1 W.Valley BlvdAlhambra, CA, 91801 (626)289-5072CHINA CHEF WANG REST中国王大厨5049 Lankershim BlvdN.Hoollywood, CA, 91601 (818)509-9999L.V.SEAFOOD RESTAURANT海天海鲜酒家4139 Norse WayLong Beach, CA, 90802 (562)938-8088NEW HAN DYNASTY新汉宫酒家6415 E.SpringLong Beach, CA, 90808 (562)429-8818FUNG LUM RESTAURANT151 S.Doheny Dr.Beverly Hills, CA, 90211 (310)888-1879 MANDARIN SHANGHAI RESTAURANT上海美味斋970 N.Broadway,Mandarin Plaza #114 Los Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)625-1195A.B.C.SEAFOOD RESTAURANT海运海鲜酒家205 Ord StLos Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)680-2887 EMPRESS PA VILION REST汉宫大酒楼988 N. Hill StreetLos Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)617-9898 CANTON KITCHEN广东厨房12511 Venice BlvdLos Angeles, CA, 90066 (310)398-0030FU'S PLACE富宫酒家8751 W.Washington BlvdLos Angeles, CA, 90035 (310)271-7887Name Address TelephoneA1 STAURANT第一烧腊快餐1485 W.Sunset BlvdLos Angeles, CA, 90026 (213)250-2175FIRST SZECHUAN佳园10855 Lindbrook DrLos Angeles, CA, 90024 (310)208-7785FOO-CHOW CHINESE REST福州饭店949 N.Hill StLos Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)485-1294LITTLE WANG KONG小王宫691 S.Hoover StLos Angeles, CA, 90005 (213)487-3749FULL HOUSE SEA FOOD REST渔村海鲜馆963 N.Hill StLos Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)617-8382YUNG HO RESTAURANT永和豆浆533 W. Valley Blvd.San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)570-0860 SHANGHAI PALACE汉庭轩932 Huntington Dr.San Marino, CA, 91108 (626)282-8815FUNG LUM RESTAURANT枫林小馆151 S.Doheny DrBeverly Hills, CA, 90211 (310)888-1879 SHANGHAI GRILL比利华山大上海酒家9383 Wilshire Blvd. Beverly Hills, CA, 90210 (310)275-4845 CANTON LOW RESTAURANT京都楼439 Main StreetEl Segundo, CA, 90245 (310)322-3163 GOLDEN CHINA金中国川沪饭店9018 Venice Blvd Culver City, CA, 90232 (310)559-0116 THE MANDARIN福禄寿430 N. Camden Dr.Beverly Hills, CA, 90210 (323)826-2525 PANDA COIN KITCHEN熊猫楼3970 S. Sepulveda Blvd.,#3 Culver City, CA, 90230 (310)390-7848 PANDA EXPRESS聚丰园8969 Santa Monica Blvd. Hollywood, CA, 90069 (310)205-0125 SUN PALACE RESTAURANT金华大饭店1718 Vine StHollywood, CA, 90028 (323)465-71814 SEASON RESTAURRANT14390 Brookhurst StGarden Grove, CA, 92643 (714)531-4965 ATRIUM HOTEL爱林大酒店餐厅18700 MacArthur Blvd Irvine, CA, 92612 (949)833-2770B. B. RESTAURANT880 W.Lincoln AveAnaheim, CA, 92805 (714)774-1931 CHINA BEST RESTAURANT国华饭店4758 Lincoln AveCrpress, CA, 90630 (714)827-8170 CHINATOWN RESTAURANT中国城饭店4139 Campus Dr.Irvine, CA, 92612 (949)856-2211CHINA FEAST天然居12100 Beach Blvd.Stanton, CA, 90680 (714)898-8933CHU'S WOK INN CHINESE REST天香楼13053 W. Chapman AveOrange County, CA, 92868 (714)839-1014 CHINA PALACE RESTAURANT中华川菜餐馆13444 Newport Ave Tustin, CA, 92780 (714)544-7167CHINA HAPPY GARDEN隆宾餐厅181 E. Commonwealth Ave. Fullerton, CA, 92832 (714)738-3838CHINA WEST RESTAURANT中华小馆17585 Harvard Ave., #AIrvine, CA, 92614 (949)765-1177LITTLE SZECHWAN小四川6151 Ball Rd.Cypress, CA, 90630 (714)821-8518JAMILLAH GARDEN RESTAURANT清真马家馆2512 Walnut Ave., #1Tustin, CA, 92680 (714)838-3522DRAGON PHENIX PALACE龙凤楼9211 Bolsa Ave.,#106Westminster, CA, 92683 (714)893-3682 EASTERN WINDS东风餐厅201 N. El Camino RealSan Clemente, CA, 92672 (949)492-3008 GARDEN GROVE TOFU HOUSE豆腐煲9792 Garden Grove Blvd.Garden Grove, CA, 92844 (714)590-3737HSIN HSIN SHAU MAY DELI欣欣小美小吃快餐点心世界5394 C.Walnut Ave. Irvine, CA, 92620 (949)857-1287GOLDEN WOK RESTAURANT金鼎餐厅24301 Muirlands Blvd., CA, 92630 (949)581-2920DUONG SON BBQ RESTAURANT唐山烧腊饭店9081 Bolsa Ave.,#105 Westminster, CA, 92863 (714)897-1269 FORMOSA CHINESE REST台湾小馆23702 Rockfield Blvd.Lake Forest, CA, 92630 (949)458-7125FUJL TERIYAKI HOUSE菜根香92 Corporate Park.,# HIrvine, CA, 92714 (949)756-8876FURIWA SEAFOOD RESTAURANT富丽华大酒楼13826-13828 Brookhurst St. Garden Grove, CA, 92843 (714)534-3996DONG KHANH RESTAURANT同庆菜馆10451 Bolsa Ave.Westminster, CA, 92683 (714)839-1014JADE PALACE RESTAURANT翠琼楼3305 S. Bristol StSanta Ana, CA, 92704 (714)434-2854 GOLDEN PHOENIX RESAURANT金凤凰餐厅CypressLake Forest, CA, 90630 (714)527-0957 GOLDEN LION RESTAURANT金狮茶楼4419-4421 W. First St.Santa Ana, CA, 92703 (714)775-1134Name Address TelephoneKING'S GARDEN CHINESE REST帝苑5471 beach BlvdBuena Park, CA, 90621 (714)521-8833 MAMA'S KITCHEN妈妈家1718 S. New Ave.San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)289-8984 CHINA LSLAMIC RESTAURANT清真马家馆7727 E. Garvey Ave. Rosemead, CA, 91770 (626)288-4246SHAU MAY RESTAURANT小美冰果点心世界830 E.Valley BlvdSan Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)288-5353四川餐厅927 s Tunas Dr.,#ESan Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)286-2603 HAPPY FAMIL Y CHINESE RESTAURANT 欣园140 W. Valley Blvd.San Gabriel, CA, (626)280-8598鹿园京味小馆130 S.Atlantic BlvdMonterey Park, CA, 91754 (626)284-3867云南过桥园921 S.Baldwin Ave.,#AArcadia, CA, 91007 (626)445-2755SPICY GIRL RESTAURANT辣妹火锅城27 E.Valley BlvdAlameda, CA, 91801 (626)289-9528真乡味台湾小吃301 W.Valley Blvd., # 114 San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)458-1451R.H. SEAFOOD HOT POT BUFFET金多宝超级自助餐1015 S.Nogales St., # 126 Rowland Heights, CA, 91748 (626)839-2689 WHITNEY'S香奈儿19055 e.Colima RdRowland Heights, CA, (626)965-6767HAPPY FAMIL Y RESTAURANT欣园素菜馆18425 E.Colima Rd., 2FRowland Heights, CA, (626)965-9923HAPPY FAMIL Y RESTAURANT欣园素菜馆8632 E.Valley Blvd.,#ERosemead, CA, 91770 (626)288-5786邹妈妈麻辣锅1936 W.Valley BlvdAlhambra, CA, 91801 (626)458-7750TT CHINESE IMPERIAL CUISINE通天阁御膳坊534 E.Valley blvd.,#2San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)288-7993HSIN HSIN SHAU MAY DELI欣欣小美小吃快餐点心世界127 S. San Gabriel Blvd. San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)451-0088HSIN HSIN SHAU MAY DELI欣欣小美小吃快餐点心世界1220 S.Goldenwest Ave.,#H Arcadia, CA, 91007 (626)446-5500HSIN HSIN SHAU MAY DELI欣欣小美小吃快餐点心世界18438-1 E.Colima Rd Rowland Heights, CA, 91748 (626)964-1833BAMBOO HOUSE上竹林1405 S. Fremont Ave.Alhambra, CA, 91803 (626)458-8888Name Address TelephoneA.Y.D.I中国永达进出口公司1474 Monterey Pass Rd. Monterry Park, CA, 91754 (323)268-8984TIME INTERNATIONAL CO美国时代国际公司1000 S. Fremont Ave.Alhambra, CA, 91801 (626)281-759910 PLUS INC十加企业9949 Tabor Pl.Santa Fe Springs, CA, 90670 (562)944-8899A-PLUS CORPORA TION西药出口公司317 W. Las Tunas Dr. #209San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)458-4827AA INTERNATIONAL INCAA 国际公司1130 E. Broadway #162Glendale, CA, 91205 (818)541-1880ACE GREEN PRODUCTS CORP.20295 Paseo Del PradoWalnut, CA, 91789 (909)444-0366ACTICE TRADING INC玩具公司944 E. 4th St.Los Angeles, CA, 91003 (213)617-3747ALGERT APPLIANCE CO.家电产品2337 E. Del Amo Blvd.Compton, CA, 90220 (310)632-7777ALPS INT'L CORP.成衣公司4700 Miller Dr. #B4Temple City, CA, 91780 (626)579-6699AMERICAN L.B. SCI & TECH美国L.B.科技集团有限公司2441 Lillyvale Ave.Los Angeles, CA, 90032 (626)282-3675AMGRAND CORP.全甲鱼粉胶囊8632 E. Valley Blvd. #G Rosemead, CA, 91770 (626)571-7579ANHING CORP.安兴公司418 N. Ave. 19thLos Angeles, CA, 90031 (323)221-8003APEX IMPORT INC力旺贸易保护公司（手提箱）600 Wall St.Los Angeles, CA, 90014 (213)629-5348ARC IMPORTS INC12261 Barringer St.S. El Monte, CA, 91733 (626)575-5809ASIA SHIPPING & TRADING罐头食品1636 Bonnie Beach Pl.Los Angeles, CA, 90063 (323)263-6151ASIAN CRAFT IMPORTS亚艺公司（工艺品）970 N. Broadway #109Los Angeles, CA, 90012 (213)626-5386ASOKE INT'L TRADING (USA)画框厨房用具服饰9852 Joe Vargas WayS. El Monte, CA, 91733 (626)350-2163BEICAL INT'L (USA) CORP.北加国际集团（钢材，纸张）650 W. Duarte Rd. #307 Arcadia, CA, 90017 (626)294-9131BOHAI GROUP U.S.A. RESOURCES美国资源公司1021 S. Gladays Ave.San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)309-9016BRIGHT TOP INC汽车维修设备1641 W. Main St. #418Alhambra, CA, 91801 (626)457-6338Name Address TelephoneC & P TRADING CO.国际贸易公司516 S. San Gabriel Blvd.San Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)286-7783C & Y GROUP CO. (USA)2328 S. Hendricks Ave.Monterey Park, CA, 91754 (323)726-2863C.C. AUSCAR CORP.奥斯卡进口公司1147 Coiner CourtIndustry, CA, 91748 (626)810-7555C.M.L. LOCK & KEY SERVICE理想电脑锁遥控器进口公司104 E. Adams Ave. Alhambra, CA, 91801 (626)308-1861CANTHAY TRADING广泰贸易行（家具）218 Whlhartt St.Los Angeles, CA, 90012 (323)222-2474CAPRINO INT'L INC1129 E. 12th St.Los Angeles, CA, 90021 (213)623-1686C.Q.S. ENTERPRISE INC打击乐器，电话机404 S. Los Angeles St. #113Los Angeles, CA, 90013 (213)625-7769 CALIFORNIA GIFT CENTER4334 S. Santa Fe Ave.Vernon, CA, 90058 (323)589-6889CALIFORNIA WALLET CO. INC福南企业有限公司（皮夹）3728 Rockwell Ave.El Monte, CA, 91731 (626)443-6888WTG USA GROUP INC美国WTG 集团公司5232 Acacia StSan Gabriel, CA, 91776 (626)285-2876ACC CHEM CONVERSION INC化学清洗-工业的11401 Valley BlvdEl Monte, CA, 91733 (626)401-2600COMWELL CORP化学工厂设备和供应品 1 W.Hellman Ave Alhambra, CA, 91802 (626)307-6984JIAO GUANG INTERNA TIONAL TRADE, INC.椒光国际贸易公司9480 Telstar Ave., #2El Monte, CA, 91731 (626)443-6863HONG KONG TRADE DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL 香港贸易发展局350 South Figueroa St., #282Los Angeles, CA, 90071 (213)622-3194LATIN MEEI INT'L,CO.拉丁美有限公司855.S.Benson Ave.Ontario, CA, 91762 (604)536-3579TANS PACIFIC (GNF) INTERNA TIONAL INC.美国泛太平洋国际公司3333 Brea Canyon Rd., #214 Diamond Bar, CA, 91765 (909)594-3900BELL Y TRADING CORP.百力贸易股份有限公司(废五金) 1077 Regal Canyon Dr. Walnut, CA, 91789 (909)595-3133BUILDING MANAGEMENT佩顿集团9611 E. Garvey Ave., #217S. El Monte, CA, 91733 (626)575-8128AUTO LOOK INC.欧德罗国际进出口916 E. Garvey Ave.Monterey Park, CA, 91754 (626)572-3475C & S TRADING CO.四季贸易公司2708 Chino Ave.S. El Monte, CA, 91733 (626)579-9017。
apex英语简单术语
apex英语简单术语1. Ammo: Short for ammunition, refers to the bullets or shells used in a firearm.2. Backpack: Refers to the inventory space where players can store items and equipment.3. Battle Royale: A game mode where multiple players or teams compete against each other until only one player or team remains.4. BRB: Short for "be right back," commonly used in online gaming to indicate a player's brief absence.5. Camp: Refers to staying in a specific location for an extended period of time, often to catch opponents off-guard or wait for an advantageous opportunity.6. Clip: Refers to a detachable magazine that holds ammunition for firearms.7. DPS: Short for "damage per second," is a measurement of the amount of damage a weapon or character can inflict over a specific time period.8. Drop: Refers to players or teams descending from a dropship at the beginning of a match or obtaining items and weapons from loot crates.9. GG: Short for "good game," commonly used to show sportsmanship and respect at the end of a match.10. HP: Short for "health points," refers to a character's or player's remaining hit points or health.11. LFG: Short for "looking for group," often used by players who are seeking teammates to play with.12. Nerf: Refers to making an item, ability, or character less powerful or desirable in order to balance gameplay.13. Noob: Slang term for a player who is new to the game or lacks skill and experience.14. Pinging: Refers to using the in-game ping system to communicate with teammates by marking locations, enemies, or items of interest.15. Respawn: Refers to the act of a player returning to the game after being eliminated, typically in a team-based game mode.16. Squad: Refers to a group of players who cooperate and work together as a team.17. TTK: Short for "time to kill," refers to the amount of time it takes to eliminate an opponent.18. ULT: Short for "ultimate ability," refers to a character's most powerful and often unique ability that becomes available after charging up.19. Wipe: Refers to eliminating or defeating an entire enemy team or group.20. Zone: Refers to the shrinking play area in a Battle Royale game, often controlled by a moving circle or zone, which forces playersto engage in combat and stay within the boundaries.。
Apex Patio Awning 产品说明书
T ABLE OF C ONTENTSIntroduction (2)Operation (2)Single Awning Control Panel (3)The Auto-Retract System (4)Using the Remote Control (5)Single Awning Key FOB (5)Programming the Receiver for the Remote (6)Operational Notes: (6)Manual Override (7)Awning Care (8)Fabric Care (8)Mildew (8)Pooling (8)Arm Care (8)Carefree Major Product Limited Warranty (11)Carefree of ColoradoI NTRODUCTIONFrom it's beginning in the early 70's, Carefree of Colorado has emerged as the premier manufacturer of quality awnings and accessories for Recreational Vehicles (RVs). Our full line of products can provide the accessories that match your life style; no matter what type of RV you own. Check with your dealer to discover the products that can make your life more Carefree.The Apex Patio Awning offers the coach owner an awning system that provides as much or as little shade as required. The versatile awning system is available as a single awning or as a 2 or 4 awning combination with all awnings controlled at a single master control pad.Each unit is equipped with Apex lateral support arms that are the strongest available on the market. No vertical arms interfere with coach sidewalls or equipment that may be mounted on the roof. These arms can also be adjusted to vary the canopy pitch up to 2 feet (it is strongly recommended that service and adjustments be performed by trained technicians).The canopy is made from Sunbrella® acrylic fabric. The canopies are housed in an aluminum case that easily blends in with the coach roof.The unique and innovative 110V electronic control system provides Carefree’s Direct Response system with interior pushbutton controls for standard extend/retract functions. At the master control panel the auto-retract system can be engaged to automatically retract the awning in windy conditions. Sensitivity can be set to respond to a variety of wind speed conditions. An RF remote is included with the Direct Response system.O PERATIONThe Direct Response system provides a wide range of awning controls with control panel operation in one convenient location. The standard operation is straight-forward with the buttons clearly labeled. The control panel is designed to allow the user to control each awning individually or together. Each function is described below. These buttons operate the same with or without the auto-retract system turned on.Operational Notes:Ignition Lockout Sensors:If the optional Carefree EL ignition lockout is installed the system will disable the extend function while the vehicle ignition key is in the ON position.Special order RTL ignition lockouts will fully retract the awning and disable the extend function when the vehicle ignition key is in the ON position.Functions will return to normal operation when the ignition key is turned OFF.Coach manufacturers may install their own lockout design. Refer to the coach literature for AC power for accessories.Awning MotorThe awning motor is equipped with a thermal protection circuit to protect the motor from overheating. Operating the awning repeatedly over a short time period may cause the circuit to sense a overheat condition and shut off the motor. If this occurs, wait approximately 15 minutes to allow the motor to cool then operate the awning in normal fashion.23Extend Press and release. The awning will extend out to the full extensionand stop automatically. When the button is pushed, the LED willilluminate and stay on until another function is activated.During normal operation, the awning will extend out completely thenroll back slightly to provide tension to the fabric.NOTE: If the optional ignition lockout safety is installed, the systemdisables the extend function while the vehicle ignition is in the ON position.Stop Press and release. During extend and retract functions, the operator maystop the awning by pressing this button. When the button is pushed, theLED will illuminate and stay on until another function is activated.RetractPress and release. The awning will retract and stop automaticallywhen the awning is fully retracted. When the button is pushed, theLED will illuminate and stay on until another function is activated. The function LEDs (extend, retract and stop) perform a dual function. When the buttonis pressed, the LED illuminates. The LED stays illuminated during the selectedoperation and after the awning has fully extended or retracted. This provides anindicator of the awning position. When the stop button is pressed, the LED willilluminate and stay on until a function is pressed. If on, it indicates that the awning ispartially extended/retracted.NOTE: When 110VAC power is removed from the system, the controller doesnot retain previous positioning information. When power is restored, positioninginformation is updated when the first function is initiated.CAUTION At startup (110VAC applied) DO NOT press the retract buttonto update the positioning information. This can cause the motor to run in an overcurrent mode. If this occurs, the motor’s thermal protection device may shut offthe motor and the operator must wait approximately 15 minutes, for the motor tocool off, before operating the awning. To properly set the positioning, push theextend button, allow to run for 1 second then press the stop or retract button.Carefree of Colorado 4T HE A UTO -R ETRACT S YSTEMwill be on when the system is active.The Direct Response setting for your preferences.seconds or longer, the system will automaticallyretracts the awning. The control panel provides 5factory preset sensitivity values (threshold values). Gust detection is incorporated into the software. When the motion value is suddenlyand sharply increased above a safe maximum value, then the 2 second persistencemeasure is overridden and the awning closes immediately.NOTE: If the Auto-Retract LEDs flash when pressed on, this indicates thatthe motion sensor has be disengaged or otherwise disabled; the affectedawning is not protected by the auto-retract function. The awning must beretracted using the command buttons. Immediately contact a Carefreeservice center for service.T HE C AREFREE D IRECT R ESPONSE S YSTEM IS A PREMIERE ELECTRONIC AUTO -RETRACTSYSTEM THAT PROVIDES PROTECTION AGAINST ADVERSE ELEMENTS ; BUT NO AUTO -RETRACT SYSTEM IS A GUARANTEE AGAINST SEVERE OR DESTRUCTIVE WEATHER ; THEEFFECTS OF WIND AND RAIN ON AN AWNING ARE UNPREDICTABLE AND MAY CAUSESEVERE DAMAGE TO THE AWNING AND /OR VEHICLE . I F WIND OR EXTENDED PERIODS OFRAIN ARE EXPECTED , RETRACT THE AWNING .APEX 5 U SING THE R EMOTE C ONTROLA remote control is provided with the Direct Response system. In simple terms,the remote is a wireless key pad that functions in the same manner that thestationary control panel. The remote provides the advantage of allowing you tooperate the awning from any convenient location.The remote has a maximum operating range of 50 feet. Actual distance may varydepending on the specific installation and location of the receiver in the vehicle.To use: turn system power ON at the control panel.NOTE: The Auto-Retract system can only operated at the control panel.S INGLE A WNING K EY FOBA remote control Key FOB is furnished with the single awning installation. To use: turnsystem power ON.Extend Press and release. The awning will extendout to the full extension and stopautomatically.Retract Press and release. The awning will retractand stop automatically when the awning isfully retracted. Stop Press and release. During extend andretract functions, the awning may be stopped by pressing this button.Key FOB BatteryThe Gray Button remote uses a flat 3V Lithium Battery (p/n CR2032) that shouldprovide a long period of service. To access: carefully pry off the back of thecase. Lift the circuit board out then slide the old battery out of the battery holderand slide a new battery in. The + should face away from the circuit board.The Key FOB remote w/ antenna uses a battery (Radio Shack p/n 23-279 orequivalent) that should provide a long period of service. To access: Remove thesmall screw from the back of the case and carefully snap off the back. Lift theold battery out and insert the new battery.Batteries are available through your local battery outlets.Battery life is dependent on frequency of use, environmental conditions andcondition of remote.DR021Stop StopCarefree of Colorado 6P ROGRAMMING THE R ECEIVER FOR THE R EMOTEEarly transmitters & receivers operate on a frequency of 418MHz. Models for 2007 &on operate on 433MHz. The transmitter and receiver frequencies must match.Identifying the transmitter frequency is described under the operational notes below.1. Power to the control box must be on.2. Press and release the “Press to LearnTransmitter” button on the bottom of thereceiver box. The receiver is in program modewhen the red light comes on.3. For Gray Button Key FOBs: Press andrelease the ANY button on the remote. It is recommended to use the STOP button. Thered light will go out after the receiver learnsthe remote signal.4. For Key FOBS w/ Antenna: Press and release the STOP button on the remote. The red light will go out after the receiver learnsthe remote signal.NOTE: Pressing the stop button will cause the blue up arrow button todefault as the close (retract) function.If a function button is pressed to train the receiver, it will be programmed asthe open (extemd) button. Example: Pressing the bottom button willprogram the bottom button for extend and the top button as retract. I F A FUNCTION BUTTON IS PRESSED DURING THE LEARNING PHASE , THE BUTTON THAT ISPRESSED WILL BECOME THE EXTEND FUNCTION . T HE AWNING WILL THEN PERFORM THEFUNCTION (EXTEND ) WHEN THE RECEIVER LEARNS THE TRANSMITTER SIGNAL . U SE CARE TOAVOID UNEXPECTED AWNING MOVEMENT .5. Repeat for each additional remote.O PERATIONAL N OTES :∙ Transmitter and receiver must match infrequency (418 MHz or 433 MHz).The gray button Key FOBS are marked with alabel for 418MHz or 433MHz frequency. KeyFOBS w/ antenna are 433MHz.418 MHz receivers are marked "RR24". 433MHz receivers are marked "RR"i. The receiver exits the program mode after tenseconds. ∙ If the light does not come on above, thememory is full and must be cleared. ∙ If the light does not go out in above, the receiver already knows the transmitter'ssignal or the battery in the remote needs to be replaced.∙ To clear the memory: PRESS AND HOLD the transmitter learn button. While holding thebutton, the indicator light should be OFF for the full 5 seconds then come on.∙ The system may be programmed for up to 5 remotes.DR020Button LightDR026418 MHz 433 MHz StopStop FCC ID OJM-CMD-KEYX-XXX 315MHz 418MHz 433MHz FCC ID OJM-CMD-KEYX-XXX 315MHz 418MHz 433MHz 433 MHz OR Rear LabelAPEX 7 M ANUAL O VERRIDEIf 110V power is not available to the coach, the Apex awning can still be safelyretracted using the manual override.7mm HexRTA015a LH Motor RH Motor1. The bypass is located inside the case, near the end cap. To access, remove thelarge rubber plug on top of the awning located toward the rear of the caseon the motor side. 2.Chuck the supplied 7mm hex key into a 3/8” battery powered drill. 3.Insert the hex key into the manual override on the awning. 4.Operate the drill in the direction shown in the diagram to close the awning. Reverse the drill to open the awning. 5.When done, reinsert the rubber plug.Carefree of Colorado 8A WNING C AREMaintaining a Carefree Awning is easy. Just follow these basic steps:∙ Always operate the awning according to the instructions.∙ Periodically check that the fasteners are tight. Tighten if necessary.∙ Keep the awning fabric and arms clean.F ABRIC C ARED O NOT USE OIL BASED CLEANERS OR ANY CAUSTIC , GRANULATED , OR ABRASIVE TYPECLEANERS ON YOUR C AREFREE PRODUCT .1. One of the best ways to keep the fabric looking good and to delay the needfor deep or vigorous cleanings is to hose fabrics off on a monthly basis withclear water. This practice will help prevent dirt from becoming deeplyimbedded in the fabric. In most environments, a thorough cleaning will beneeded every two to three years.2. When it’s time for a thorough cleaning, the fabric can be cleaned while stillon the awning frame.∙ For Acrylic Fabric – Use a stiff brush and warm water with soap.3. When cleaning the fabric, it is important to observe the following:∙ Always use a natural soap, never detergent.∙ Water should be cold to lukewarm, never more than 100︒F.∙ Air-dry only. Never apply heat to the fabric.∙ Always allow the fabric to dry thoroughly before rolling up the awning.M ILDEWMildew is a fungus growth that looks like dirt. Under ordinary conditions, mildewwill not appear. However, in areas where high temperature and humidity arecommon, mildew can be a problem and required the material to be washed morefrequently. Thoroughly rinse the fabric with clean water and allow to air drycompletely before rolling up the awning.P OOLINGWhen water collects on the top of the fabric, this is known as "pooling". This can occurduring inclement weather or if a running air conditioner discharges over the awning.The water is dumped when the awning is retracted. It is recommended that if wateraccumulates on the top; retract the awning in steps (8"-12") to dump the water. This willhelp prevent the fabric from stretching or distorting.A RM C AREThe best method of keeping the arms and braces operating smoothly is to cleanthem.Periodically wash the spring arms with running water (i.e. a hose) to keep themclean. Lightly spray the arm joints with a dry silicone lubricant, after the armshave been cleaned and dried thoroughly.APEX NOTES:9Carefree of Colorado NOTES:10APEX C AREFREE M AJOR P RODUCT L IMITED W ARRANTYCarefree of Colorado (hereafter referred to as Carefree) warrants to the first retailPurchaser that the Carefree Product is free of defects in material andworkmanship within the terms and conditions as set forth in the warrantystatement available online at . Carefree’s obligationunder this warranty is limited to the repair or replacement, at Carefree’s option, ofany defective component with new or factory refurbished components.O WNER MUST RETAIN THE ORIGINAL PROOF OF PURCHASE AND/OR HAVE THE PRODUCTWARRANTY REGISTRATION ON FILE AT C AREFREE FOR WARRANTY CLAIMS.T HIS WARRANTY IS NOT TRANSFERABLE.For- Warranty Duration;- Warranty Coverage and Exclusions;- Warranty Terms of Coverage; and,- Warranty Claim ProceduresRefer to publication052580-111 "Carefree Major Product Limited Warranty"available online atRegister your Carefree products on-line at Publications available on-line @ :052522-002 Apex Installation Manual052522-201 Apex Owner's Manual, Single Awning052522-301 Apex Service ManualI MPORTANT N OTICE: It is strongly recommended that adjustments and repairs notdescribed in this book be performed by trained technicians at your AuthorizedCarefree Dealer. Work performed by non-authorized persons or businesses mayvoid warranty.11Carefree of Colorado 2145 W. 6th Avenue Broomfield, CO 80020 a Scott Fetzer company 052522-201r4 Printed in USA February, 2012。
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Clean Up Home Page (APEX application page 1)
Edit list region and change “list template override” use “Horz Images w Label” template Edit the list items by clicking on the “list” link corresponding to the Navigation region. Click on the first list entry, click the up arrow next to the icon, select 128x128 icons, and choose the following icons for customers, orders, items and inventory
Easy skill transition for existing Forms developers
Both are declarative wizard driven tools with no 3GL compilation Both are RAD SQL and PL/SQL centric development tools
Conversion IS NOT
A “Silver Bullet” A Forms emulator Hard to maintain computer-generated code
2009 Oracle Corporation
The Forms Conversion Project
Need to treat as a formal project Prototype representative Forms Create project plan
2009 Oracle Corporation
Forms Conversion Script – Page 2
From the application home page Click Orders
Click on an order, show master detail – note radio group and checkbox controls are picked up, note similar navigation to forms applications Navigate back to Orders query page, and edit the page. Edit the report region, and paste in new SQL Query (see next slide) Run page, note like forms we have no compilation Chart Orders by “City” and then by “sales rep”
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Oracle Application Express Consolidation / Conversions
MS Access to APEX Migration
Drivers
Consolidation of departmental applications to centrally managed IT Some applications have grown and become mission critical Web unfriendly Platform dependent Poor security Limited scalability / excessive network traffic
2009 Oracle Corporation
New Order SQL Statement
select o."ID" as "ID", o."CUSTOMER_ID" as "CUSTOMER_ID", o."DATE_ORDERED" as "DATE_ORDERED", o."DATE_SHIPPED" as "DATE_SHIPPED", o."TOTAL" as "TOTAL", o."SALES_REP_ID" as "SALES_REP_ID", o."PAYMENT_TYPE" as "PAYMENT_TYPE", o."ORDER_FILLED" as "ORDER_FILLED", c."NAME" as "NAME", c."CITY" as "CITY", c."STATE" as "STATE", c."COUNTRY" as "COUNTRY", c."CREDIT_RATING" as "CREDIT_RATING", e."USERID" as "SALES_REP" from S_CUSTOMER c, S_ORD o, S_EMP e where o.CUSTOMER_ID = c."ID“ and o.SALES_REP_ID = e."ID"
Challenges
Availability of IT application matter experts Conversion is non-trivial, requiring significant effort and resources APEX application will not look nor feel like Forms application
Analysis Scope Design Refine business processes Convert Iteratively as required Post-Generation Build Web components User Acceptance Training
Utilize Application Express Annotations
Oracle APEX is a no cost Database feature Requires only the Database
2009 Oracle Corporation
Oracle APEX Forms Conversion
Conversion IS
A way to jumpstart an Oracle Forms to APEX modernization project Automatic conversion of Forms components that can be automatically converted to native APEX components An easy way to browse your Forms application logic A convenient tool to track manual conversion of Trigger and other non-convertible logic
Challenges
Effort / business knowledge required to migrate Poor data model design No documentation
2009 Oracle Corporation
MS Access Migration - SQL Developer and Oracle APEX
2009 Oracle Corporation
Why Move to Oracle APEX?
Moves you to modern Web 2.0 based computing Modernizes applications with innovative capabilities
“Out of the box” Interactive Reporting & Flash Charting…
2009 Oracle Corporation
Oracle Forms to APEX Conversion
Drivers
Modernization of software / hardware Incorporate Web 2.0 capabilities Deliver greater user interactivity Utilize existing Database objects Can re-use existing IT developer skill-set Difficulty finding new Oracle Forms developers
Create and Run Application, select Theme, etc
Click “Customers”, and remove extra _ID columns Filter by “San Francisco” Highlight credit ratings of “EXCELLENT” in Green Edit Row, Indicate LOV’s picked up
2009 Oracle Corporation
Forms Conversபைடு நூலகம்on
2009 Oracle Corporation
Why move off Oracle Forms?
Oracle Forms is NOT going away! Forms is an aging pre-client server technology from mid 80’s. Forms runs a Java applet invoked from a browser, not HTML Forms is not consistent with today’s modern browser apps