《病理生理学》专业术语中英文对照

《病理生理学》专业术语中英文对照
A
α-adrenoceptorα-肾上腺素受体
a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isoxa- zolep-
propionatea-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑-丙酸
a-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a-MSH黑素细胞刺激素
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, αKGDHα-酮戊二酸脱氢酶
1adder pattern“梯”状条带
1-desamino-8-D-AVPAVP拮抗剂DDAVP
1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-[OH]2D3)1α,25-二羟基维生素D3
2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid2,3二磷酸甘油酸
2,3-DPG phosphatase2,3-DPG磷酸酶
2-macroglubumin2-巨球蛋白
acetyl choline乙酰胆碱
acetylcholine transferase胆碱乙酰转移酶
acid-base balance酸碱平衡
acid-base disturbance酸碱平衡紊乱
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合症
actin肌动蛋白
activated protein C resistance,APCRAPC抵抗
actual bicarbonate，AB实际碳酸氢盐
acute lung injury，ALI急性肺损伤
acute phase protein, APP急性期蛋白
acute phase response, APR急性期反应
acute psychogenic reaction急性心因性反应
acute renal failure，ARF急性肾功能衰竭
acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征
acute tubular necrosis，ATN急性肾小管坏死
adapter接头蛋白
adenylate kinase腺苷酸激酶
adhesion molecules粘附分子
adjustment disorders适应障碍
adrenaline, Ad肾上腺素
adrenocorticotropic hormone促肾上腺激素释放激素
advanced glycosylation end product, AGE晚期糖基化终末产物
afterload心室后负荷
aggregate聚集物
agitation激越
agonosia失认
alarm stage警觉期
albuminuria蛋白尿
aldosterone醛固酮
alkalemia碱血症
alveolar attachments附着点
alveolar PCO2,PACO2肺泡气二氧化碳分压
alveolar PO2,PAO2肺泡气氧分压
alveolar ventilation, VA肺泡通气量
Alzheimer，s disease，AD阿尔茨海默氏病
amino acid imbalance氨基酸失衡
ammonia intoxication氨中毒
amyloid precursor protein淀粉样前体蛋白
anaphylactic shock过敏性休克
anasarca 全身性水肿
anatomic shunt解剖分流
androgen insensitivity syndrome, AIS雄激素不敏感综合征
anemic hypoxia贫血性缺氧
angioneurotic edema血管神经性水肿
angiotensin血管紧张素Ⅱ
angiotensin conversing enzyme inhi

bitor, ACEI血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂
angiotensin II receptor antagonists，Ang II RA血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂
angiotensin II，Ang II血管紧张素II
angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE血管紧张素转换酶
animal model of human diseases人类疾病的动物模型
anion gap, AG阴离子间隙
ankyrin锚蛋白
annexin A1膜联蛋白A1
annexin-1膜联蛋白-1
antidiuretic hormone, ADH抗利尿激素
anti-inflammatory mediators抗炎介质
antiphospholipid antibody,APA抗磷脂抗体
antiphospholipid syndrome,APS抗磷脂综合症
aphasia 失语
apolipoprotein E载脂蛋白E
apoptosis凋亡
apoptosis body凋亡小体
apoptosome凋亡复合体
apraxia失用
aquaporrins, AQP水通道蛋白
arginine vasopressin, AVP精氨酸加压素
aromatic amino acids, AAA芳香族氨基酸
arrestin抑制蛋白
arterial partial pressure of oxygen动脉血氧分压
artrial natriuretic polypeptide，ANP心房钠尿肽
ascending reticular activating system上行激动系统
ascending reticular inhibiting system上行抑制系统
asidemia酸血症
associated cortex辅助区
asterixis扑翼样震颤
atmospheric hypoxia大气性缺氧
atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP心房钠尿肽
atriopeptin心房肽
autocrine自分泌
autoimmune disease自身免疫性疾病
azotemia氮质血症

B
β-adrenoceptorβ-肾上腺素受体
β-endorphinβ-内啡肽
β-myosin heavy chain，β-MHCβ-肌球蛋白重链
backward failure后向衰竭
base excess，BE碱剩余
basement membrane基底膜
Bcl-2 familyBcl-2家族
bilirubin 胆红素
biofeedback therapy生物反馈治疗
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)血尿素氮
Blot's breathing间停呼吸
bradykinin缓激肽
bradykinin, BK缓激肽
brain脑
brain death脑死亡
brain stem reticular formation脑干网状结构
brain-derived neurotrophic factor 脑源性神经营养因子
branched chain amino acids, BCAA支链氨基酸
buffer base，BB缓冲碱
burn shock烧伤性休克

C
calcitonin降钙素
calcitonin gene-related peptide, CGRP降钙素基因相关肽
calcium钙
calcium oscillation钙振荡
calcium overload钙超载
calcium paradox钙反常
calcium sensing receptor钙敏感受体

calcium wave钙波
cAMP response element binding protein，CREBcAMP 反应元件结合蛋白
carbon dioxide narcosisCO2麻醉
carbon dioxide narcosis二氧化碳麻醉
carbon dioxide production,VCO2二氧化碳量
carbon monoxide一氧化碳
carbonic anhydrase， CA碳酸酐酶
carboxy hemoglobin碳氧血红蛋白
cardiac asthma心源性哮喘
cardiac index, CI心脏指数
cardiac insufficiency心功能不全
cardiac output，CO心输出量
cardiac reserve心力储备
cardiogenic shock心源性休克
caspase半胱氨酸天冬酶
cast管型，脱落物
catecholamines, CAs儿茶酚胺
CDK inhibitors (CKIs)细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制因子
CDK-activating kinase, CAKCDK活化激酶
cell adhesion molecules, CAMs细胞粘附分子
cell apoptosis细胞凋亡
cell cycle细胞周期
cell differentiation细胞分化
cell proliferation细胞增殖
central venous pressure, CVP中心静脉压
cerebral cortex大脑皮层
checkpoint细胞周期检查点
Cheyne-Stokes respiration潮式呼吸
cholecystokinin胆囊收缩素
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD慢性阻塞性肺部疾患
chronic renal failure，CRF慢性肾功能衰竭
chronic respiratory failure慢性呼吸衰竭
ciliary neurotrophic factor睫状神经营养因于
ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF睫状神经营养因子
c-jun N-terminal kinase，JNKc-jun N端激酶
clearance rate of endogenous creatinine内生肌酐清除率
cognitive disorder认知障碍
coma昏迷
compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome, CARS代偿性抗炎反应综合征
concentric hypertrophy向心性肥大
condensation核固缩
conditional renewing条件性更新
confusion意识混浊
congestive heart failure, CHF充血性心力衰竭
conscious disorder意识障碍
consciousness意识
constitutive expression组成型表达
constitutively activation组成型激活
continuous blood purifucation, CBP连续血液净化
contraction alkalosis浓缩性碱中毒
corticotrophin releasing hormone，CRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放素
C-reactive protein, CRPC-反应蛋白
Creutzfeldt Jokob disease海绵状脑病
cross-bridge横桥
cyanate氰酸盐
cyanosis发绀
cyclin细胞周期素
cyclin-dependent kinase 4周期蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶4
cyclin-dependent kina

ses(CDK)细胞周期素依赖性激酶
cyclooxygenases环加氧酶
cylindruria管型尿
cytokines细胞因子

D
D-dimer,DDD-二聚体
dead space,VD生理死腔
dead space-like ventilation死腔样通气
death死亡
death domain，DD死亡区
death receptor，DR死亡受体
degradation降解
delayed psychogenic reaction延迟性心因性反应
delirium谵妄
dementia痴呆
denaturation变性
dexamethasone地塞米松
diabetes mellitus糖尿病
diabetic nephropathy糖尿病肾病
diastolic heart failure舒张性心力衰竭
diffusible calcium可扩散钙
diffusion impairment弥散障碍
diphosphoglycerate mutase二磷酸甘油酸变位酶
disease疾病
disease-associated gene疾病相关基因
disseminated activation of inflammatory cell播散性炎症细胞活化
Disseminated or diffuse intravascular coagulation,DIC播散性或弥散性血管内凝血
distalacidification远端酸化作用
distress劣性应激
disturbance in executive functioning失行
dopamine decarboxlase多巴脱羧酶
dopamine, DA多巴胺
double acid—base disturbance双重性酸碱失衡
down-regulation向下调节
dyspnea呼吸困难
dyspnea on exertion劳力性呼吸困难

E
eccentric hypertrophy离心性肥大
edema水肿
ejection fraction，EF射血分数
endocrine内分泌
endogenous opioid peptide内源性阿片肽
endogenous pyrogen, EP内生致热原
endonuclease核酸内切酶
endothelin，ET内皮素
endotoxic shock内毒素休克
endotoxin内毒素
end-stage renal failure终末期肾功能衰竭
engorgement of neck vein颈静脉怒张
enterogenous cyanosis肠源性青紫
epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR表皮生长因子受体
epidermal growth factor; EGF上皮生长因子
epinephrine, EP肾上腺素
equal pressure point等压点
erythropoietin ，EPO促红细胞生成素
essential hypertension原发性高血压
etiocholanolone本胆烷醇酮
etiology病因学
eustress良性应激
evidence based medicine, EBM循征医学
excitatory toxicity兴奋性毒性
exhaustion stage衰竭期
exogenous pyrogen外致热原
exotoxin of Bacillus Thuringiensis苏林金氏杆菌外毒素
experimental pathology实验病理学
expiratory dyspnea呼气

性呼吸困难
extracardiac obstructive shock心外阻塞性休克
extracellular fluid, ECF细胞外液
extracellular matrix细胞外基质
extracellular matrix，ECM细胞外基貭
extracellular-signal regulated kinase, ERK细胞外信号调节的蛋白激酶
exudate渗出液

F
false neurotransmitter假性神经递质
familial hypercholesterolaemia， FH家族性高胆固醇血症
fastigium稽留期
fever发热
fibrin(ogen) degradation products, FDPs纤维蛋白(原)降解产物
fibroblast growth factor; FGF纤维母细胞生长因子
fibronectin纤维连接蛋白
filtration fraction，FF滤过分数
fixed acid 固定酸
folding折叠
forward failure前向衰竭
frank edema显性水肿
free radical自由基
functional dead space, VDf功能性死腔
functional genome功能基因组学
functional renal failure功能性肾衰
functional shunt功能性分流

G
γ aminobutyric acid, GABAγ-氨基丁酸
γ-carboxyglutamic acid,Glaγ-羧基谷氨酸
G protein coupled receptor kinases, GRKsG蛋白偶联受体激酶
G protein coupled receptor, GPCRG蛋白偶联受体
general adaptation syndrome, GAS全身适应综合征
Glanzmann thrombasthenia Glanzmann血小板无力症
glia-derived neurotrophic factor胶质源性神经营养因子
glomerular filtration rate ,GRF肾小球滤过率
glomerular hyperfiltration hypothesis肾小球过渡滤过假说
glomerulosclerosis肾小球硬化
glucagons高血糖素
glucocorticoid response element, GRE糖皮质激素反应元件
glucocorticoid receptor,GR糖皮质激素受体
glucose autooxidation葡萄糖自氧化
glutamate谷氨酸
glutathione-s- transferase, GST谷胱甘肽S-转移酶
glycation糖化
glycogen synthase kinase-3糖原合酶激酶-3
glycosilation糖基化
growth hormone release-inhibiting hormone, GHRIH生长抑素
guanidine compound胍类化合物
guanidinesuccinic acid胍基琥珀酸

H
heart failure心力衰竭
heart rate心率
heat shock element, HSE热休克元件
heat shock factor, HSF热休克因子
heat shock protein, HSP热休克蛋白
heat shock response, HSR热休克反应
hematuria血尿
heme oxygenase (HO)血红素加氧酶
hemic hypoxia血液性缺氧
hemorrhagic shock失血性休克
hepatic coma肝昏迷
hepatic

encephalopathy, HE肝性脑病
hepatic failure肝功能衰竭
hepatic insufficiency肝功能不全
hepatorenal syndrome HRS肝肾综合征
high molecular weight kininogen, HMW-K高分子量激肽原
histamine, HA组胺
histogenous hypoxia组织性缺氧
histone acetyltransferase, HAT组蛋白乙酰化酶
histotoxic hypoxia组织中毒性缺氧
hormone response elements, HREs激素反应元件
human genome project, HGP人类基因组计划
humoral factor体液因子
Huntingtin变异亨廷顿蛋白
Huntington disease神经性舞蹈病
hyperbilirubinemia高胆红素血症
hypercalcemia高钙血症
hypercapnic respiratory failure高碳酸血症型呼吸衰竭
hyperglycemia高糖血症
hyperkalemia高钾血症
hypermagnesemia高镁血症
hypernatremia高钠血症
hyperphosphatemia高磷血症
hyperthermia过热
hypertonic dehydration高渗性脱水
hypervolemic hypernatremia高容量性高钠血症
hypervolemic hyponatremia高容量性低钠血症
hypocalcemia低钙血症
hypocapnia低碳酸血症
hypokalemia低钾血症
hypokinetic hypoxia低动力性缺氧
hypomagnesemia低镁血症
hyponatremia低钠血症
hypophosphatemia低磷血症
hyposthenuria低渗尿
hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, HPA下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴
hypothalamus-pynear-adrenocorticode丘脑下部－垂体－肾上腺皮质
hypotonic dehydration低渗性脱水
hypotonic hypoxemia低张性低氧血症
hypotonic hypoxia低张性缺氧
hypovolemic hypernatremia低容量性高钠血症
hypovolemic hyponatremia低容量性低钠血症
hypovolumic shock低血容量性休克
hypoxemia低氧血症
hypoxemic respiratory failure低氧血症型呼吸衰竭
hypoxia缺氧
hypoxia-inducible factor-1 , HIF-1缺氧诱导因子-1
hypoxic hypoxia乏氧性缺氧
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction缺氧性肺血管收缩
hysteria癔症

I
IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1raIL-1受体拮抗剂
IL-1 receptor associated kinase, IRAKIL-1受体连接的蛋白激酶
immunodeficiency disease免疫缺陷病
indometacin消炎痛
inducible expression诱导表达
infectious poisons感染性毒素
infectious shock感染性休
inflammatory cascade炎症级联反应
inflammatory mediator炎症介质
inflammatory mediator spillover炎症介质泛

滥
inhibitors of apoptosis protein, IAPs凋亡抑制蛋白
inhibitory kappa B, IκB抑制性κB
inspiratory dyspnea吸气性呼吸困难
insulin growth factor; IGF胰岛素生长因子
insulin receptor, IR胰岛素受体
intact nephron hypothesis 健存肾单位假说
integrins整合素
intercellular adhesion molecucle-1, ICAM-1细胞间粘附分子-1
interferin, IFN干扰素
interleukin-1, IL-1白细胞介素-1
interleukin-2,IL-2白细胞介素-2
interleukin-6,IL-1白细胞介素-6
interleukin-8,IL-8白细胞介素-8
Internalization内化或内吞
interstitial fibrosis间貭纤维化
interstitial fluid细胞间液
intracellular fluid , ICF细胞内液
intraglomerular capillary pressure肾小球毛细血管血压
intrarenal acute renal failure肾性急性肾功能衰竭
invasiveness侵袭
ionotropic receptor离子通道型受体
ischemia-reperfusion injury缺血-再灌注损伤
ischemic postconditioning缺血后处理
ischemic preconditioning缺血预处理
isosthenuria等渗尿
isotonic dehydration等渗性脱水
isotonic hypoxia等张性缺氧
isovolemic hypernatremia等容量性高钠血症
isovolemic hyponatremia等容量性低钠血症

J
jaundice or icterus黄疸
juxtaglomerular apparatus近球小体，球旁器
juxtaglomerular cells近球细胞，球旁器细胞
juxtapulmonary-capillar receptor y肺毛细血管旁感受器

K
kainate海人藻酸
kallidin, KD胰激肽
kallikrein kinin prostaglandin system, KKPGS激肽释放酶-激肽-前列腺素系统
kallikrein, KK激肽释放酶
keto-acidosis酮症酸中毒
killer gene自杀基因
kinin激肽
kininogen激肽原

L
lactic acidosis乳酸酸中毒
learning and memory impairment学习记忆障碍
leukocyte pyrogen, LP白细胞致热原
leukotriene, LT白三烯
ligand配体
ligand gated calcium channel配体门控性钙通道
ligand-induced binding sites,LIBS配体诱导的粘附部位
lipid peroxidation脂质过氧化
lipocortin-1脂皮质蛋白-1
lipomodulin脂调蛋白
lipopolysaccharide binding protein, LBPLPS结合蛋白
lipopolysaccharide, LPS脂多糖
lipoxin脂氧素
lipoxygenase脂加氧酶
local edema局部性水肿
low molecular weigbt kininogen, LMW-K低分子量激肽原

M
macrocort

in巨皮质素
macrophage inflammatory protein-1, MIP-1巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1
macula densa 致密斑
maldistributive shock分布异常性休克
margination染色质边集
matrix metalloproteinase, MMP基质金属蛋白酶
mean arterial pressure, MAP平均动脉压
mechanism机制
medial amydaloid nucleus, MAN中杏仁核
medullary thick ascending limb, mTAL 髓襻升支粗段
mesangial cell肾小球系膜细胞
mesangium 系膜
metabolic acidosis代谢性酸中毒
metabolic alkalosis代谢性碱中毒
metabolic poisons代谢性毒素
metallothionein 金属硫蛋白
methemoglobin甲基血红蛋白
methylguanidine甲基胍
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia微血管病性溶血性贫血
middle molecular substance，MMS中分子物质
mineralocorticoid receptor ，MCR 盐皮质激素受体
misfolded 错误折叠的
mitochondrial membrane potential, ΔΨm线粒体跨膜电位
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶的激酶
Mitogen-activated protein kinase，MAPK 丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶
mixed acid -base disturbance混合型酸碱平衡紊乱
mixed antagonist response syndrome, MARS混合性拮抗反应综合征
molecular chaperone 分子伴侣
molecular disease分子病
molecular medicine分子医学
molecular pathology分子病理学
mono-gene disease单基因病
multifactorial disease多因素疾病
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS多器官功能障碍综合征
multiple organ failure, MOF多器官衰竭
multiple sclerosis多发性硬化
multiple system organ failure, MSOF多系统器官衰竭
myocardial contractility心肌收缩性
myocardial depressant factor, MDF心肌抑制因子
myocardial failure心肌衰竭
myocardial hypertrophy心肌肥大
myocardial stunning心肌顿抑
myoglobin肌红蛋白
myosin肌球蛋白

N
Na+/Ca2+ exchangerNa+/Ca2+交换蛋白
naloxone纳络酮
natriuretic peptide尿钠肽
necrosis坏死
necrotic lesion坏死性损伤
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus，NDI肾性尿崩症
neurogenic shock神经源性休克
neuroglia胶质细胞
neurogrowth factor神经生长因子
neuron神经元
neuropeptide神经肽
neurotensin神经降压肽
neurotransmitter神经递质
neutrophils中性粒细胞

nitric oxide synthase, NOS一氧化氮合酶
nitric oxide, NO一氧化氮
N-methyl-D-aspatateN-甲基-D-门冬氨酸
nonbacteremic clinical sepsis非菌血症性临床败血症
nondiffusible calcium非扩散钙
nonoliguric ARF非少尿型急性肾功能衰竭
non-respiratory function非呼吸功能
nor protein nitrogen ，NPN非蛋白氮
no-reflow phenomenon无复流现象
norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素
nuclear factor kappa B, NFκB核因子κB
nuclear receptor核受体

O
obstructive hypoventilation阻塞性通气不足
octopamine羟苯乙醇胺
oliguria少尿
organum vasculosum laminae terminalis, OVLT终板血管器
orthopnea端坐呼吸
oxidative stress氧化应激
oxidized glutathione，GSSG氧化谷胱甘肽
oxygen binding capacity in blood血氧容量
oxygen burst氧爆发
oxygen content in blood血氧含量
oxygen debt氧债
oxygen free radical氧自由基
oxygen intoxication氧中毒
oxygen paradox氧反常
oxygen saturation氧饱和度

P
paracrine旁分泌
paradoxial acidic urine反常性酸性尿
paradoxial alkaline urine反常性碱性尿
parathomone甲状旁腺素
parathyroid hormone, PTH甲状旁腺激素
parenchymal renal failure器质性肾衰
Parkinson disease，PD帕金森病
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea夜间阵发性呼吸困难
pathogenesis发病学 (或发病原理)
pathophysiology病理生理学
periodic breathing周期性呼吸
peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor, PTBR外周型苯二氮卓受体
permeability transition线粒体膜通透性
permeability transition pore线粒体通透性转换孔
permeability transition pore, PTP膜通透转换孔
pH paradoxpH反常
phenylethanolamine苯乙醇胺
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinasePI-3K磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶
phospholipase C磷脂酶C
phosphorus磷
phosphorylation磷酸化
phosphotyrosine binding domain, PTB磷酸化酪氨酸结合区
physical stress躯体应激
pitting edema凹陷性水肿
plasma protamine paracoagulation test3P实验（鱼精蛋白副凝实验
plasminogen纤溶酶原
plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1,PAI-1纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1
platelet-activating factor, PAF血小板活化因子
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)血小板源性生长因子
PO2 of inspired gas, PiO2吸入气氧分压

polymerase chain reaction免疫聚合酶链反应
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNs中性多形核白细胞
polyuria多尿
postrenal acute renal failure肾后性急性肾功能衰竭
post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD创伤后应激障碍
prekallikrein, PK激肽释放酶原
preload心室前负荷
preoptic anterior hypothalamus, POAH视前区下丘脑前部
prerenal acute renal failure肾前性急性肾功能衰竭
presenilin早老蛋白
pressure load压力负荷
primary aldosteronism原发性醛固酮增多症
primary cortex主区
prion protein朊蛋白
prognosis转归
programmed cell death程序性细胞死亡
progressive renal disease进行性肾脏疾患
proinflammatory mediators促炎介质
proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA增殖细胞核抗原
prostacyclin, PGI2前列环素
prostaglandin E, PGE前列腺素E
prostaglandin E2, PGE2前列腺素E2
proteasome蛋白酶体
protein C蛋白C
protein kinase蛋白激酶
protein phosphatase蛋白磷酸酯酶
protein S蛋白S
protein tyrosine kinase, PTK酪氨酸蛋白激酶
proteomics蛋白质组学
psychological stress心理应激
psychophysiological disorders心理生理障碍
psychosomatic diseases心身疾病
psychosomatic medicine心身医学
pulmonary artery wedge pressure, PAWP肺动脉楔入压
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PCWP肺毛细血管楔压
pulmonary edema肺水肿
pulmonary encephalopathy肺性脑病
pyruvate dehydrogenase丙酮酸脱氢酶

R
reactive oxygen species活性氧
receptor operated calcium channel体操纵性钙通道
receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK酪氨酸蛋白激酶型受体
recessive edema隐性水肿
reduced Glutathione，GSH 还原型谷胱甘肽
regulatory peptides调节肽
rehabilitation康复
renal anemia肾性贫血
renal　hypertension肾性高血压
renal insufficiency肾功能不全
renal osteodystrophy肾性骨营养不良
renal tubular acidosis肾小管性酸中毒
renal tubular acidosis, RTA肾小管酸中毒
renaturation复性
renin-angiotensin system, RAS肾素-血管紧张素系统
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, RAAS肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统
reperfusion arrhythmia再灌注性心律失常
resistance stage抵抗期
respiratory acidosis呼吸性酸中毒
respiratory alkal

osis呼吸性碱中毒
respiratory burst呼吸爆发
respiratory failure呼吸衰竭
respiratory failure index, RFI呼吸衰竭指数
respiratory hypoxia呼吸性缺氧
respiratory quotient, R呼吸商
restrictive hypoventilation限制性通气不足

T
tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, THDOC四氢脱氧皮质酮
tetrahydropregnenolone, THP四氢孕烯醇酮
thalamus丘脑
thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, TAFI凝血酶激活的纤溶抑制物
thrombomodulin,TM血栓调节蛋白
thrombospondin凝血酶敏感蛋白
thromboxane A2, TXA2血栓素A2
thyrotropin releasing hormone促甲状腺素释放激素
tidal volume,VT潮气量
tissue factor pathway inhibitor,TFPI组织因子途径抑制物
tissue factor, TF组织因子
tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, TIMP金属蛋白酶组织抑制物
tissue plasminogen activator，tPA组织纤溶酶原激活物
tissue-type transglutaminase组织型转谷氨酰胺酶
Toll like receptor，TLRToll样受体
total peripheral resistance, TPR总外周阻力
trade-off hypothesis矫枉失衡假说
transcellular fluid跨细胞液
transforming growth factorβ, TGFβ转化生长因子β
translocation移位
transudate漏出液
traumatic shock创伤性休克
triple acid-base distuebance三重性酸碱失衡
tromethamine , THAM三羟甲基氨基甲烷
tropomyosin向肌球蛋白
troponin肌钙蛋白
true shunt真性分流
tubuloglomerular feedback，TGF管球反馈
tubulorrhexic lesion小管破裂性损伤
tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα肿瘤坏死因子α
tyrosine酪氨酸
tyrosine hydroxylase酪氨酸羟化酶
tyrosine kinase酪氨酸激酶

U
ubiquitin泛素
ubiqutilation泛素化
unfolded未折叠的
univalent leak单价电子渗漏
unvolatile acid非挥发酸
up-regulation向上调节
uremia尿毒症
uremia toxin尿毒症毒素
uremic frost尿素霜
urotensin II, UII尾加压素II

V
vascular endothelial growth factor血管内皮生长因子
vasoactive amines血管活性胺
vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP血管活性肠肽
vasogenic shock血管源性休克
vasopeptidase inhibitor，VPI血管肽酶抑制剂
vasopressin血管升压素
vegetative state植物状态
venous admixture静脉血掺杂
ventilation-perfusion imbalance

肺泡通气与血流比例失调
ventral septal area, VS A腹中膈
ventricular compliance心室顺应性
ventricular end diastolic pressure，VEDP心室舒张末压
ventricular end diastolic volume, VEDV心室舒张末容积
ventricular end systolic volume, VESV心室收缩末容积
ventricular remodeling心室重塑
ventricular stiffness心室僵硬度
vicious cycle恶性循环
volatile acid挥发酸
voltage dependent calcium channel电压依赖性钙通道
volume load容量负荷