同济大学英语报刊选读复习资料(题型+重点+缩略词+网络版重点)教学文案

合集下载

同济大学英语报刊选读复习资料(题型+重点+缩略词+网络版重点)

期末考试题型：1.Re-organizing sentences for a news report (10%)2.Matching headlines to lead paragraphs (10%)3.True or False questions about English journalism (cf. Appendix I below) (10%)4.Reading Comprehension (3 passages with 15 multiple-choice questions) (30%)5.Abbreviations in News reports (complete forms +Chinese translation) (10%)6.News Headline Analysis (10%) （Analyzing the stylistic features of 3 news headlines）7.News comment writing (20%) (about 200 words)1.Definition of journalism, medium, news报刊（p1）、媒介（p2）、新闻（p4）的定义2.Functions of mass communication vs functions of newspaper大众传播工具（p2）与报纸（p1）的功能3.News value; public interest; principles of newsworthiness新闻价值；公众兴趣；衡量新闻价值的原则（p4）4.Classification of news新闻的分类（p6）5.Five basic elements of news新闻的五个基本要素（p6）6.Legal concerns; codes of ethics法律关系；道德规范（p7）(General knowledge is enough. No need for word by word memorization.)（一般知识就够了。

英语报刊选读课程教学大纲

英语报刊选读课程教学大纲课程编号: 050263 适用专业：英语专业学时数：36学分数：2一、课程的性质、任务本课程通过有目的、较系统地阅读国内外英语报刊文章，使英语专业高年级学生逐渐掌握阅读英语报刊时必备的背景知识，掌握常用的新闻语言的规律，了解、拓宽学生的文化视野，了解中国和世界大事，知晓中西交流和变化，初步打好阅读英语报刊的基本功，提高理解和分析问题的能力，培养对信息的敏感性及发掘、利用信息的能力。

同时。

要求学生必须逐渐熟悉并掌握新闻语言及其特点；逐渐积累和丰富阅读报刊所需要的背景知识；了解新闻英语在文体及写作方面的特点。

二、课程的教学目的和要求目的：本课程的教学目的是培养学生阅读英语报刊的基本功。

这里，英语报刊主要是指在英国和美国出版的报纸和刊物。

通过学习，学生将会了解一些主要英美报刊的历史、特点、政治立场和观点等，同时对英语报刊常见的版面结构和编排方法等有所了解。

当然最主要的，学生将掌握报刊英语的特点，扩大有关政治、经济、军事、法律等方面的词汇，丰富自己的知识，从而为独立阅读各种英语报刊打下良好的基础。

要求：教员授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。

在上课时，可要求学生先回答每课后的练习题——Questions，使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。

然后，再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。

如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。

这样，学生除预习外，课后还要结合教员在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。

这两种授课方式的好处是，使学生通过自学(指预习)和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。

与以教员为中心的灌输式教育方式相比，学生更能巩固所学，并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。

此外，这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。

英语报刊选读课程教学大纲

《英语报刊选读》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息二、课程目标（一）总体目标：《英语报刊选读》的目标是通过多种介质，如纸质、音频和视频等具有时效性和丰富性的语料输入，帮助学生同步积累语言、文化、社会和学科知识。

这样，学生能够阅读和理解英语报刊杂志中关于经济、政治、科技、文化等各种主题的文章，掌握主旨思想，并用英语有理有据地表达自己的看法和评论。

此举旨在提高学生的阅读和评论写作能力。

此外，该教材还让学生接触到目标语国家的真实社会状况和文化环境，全方位了解英语国家的价值观念、思维方式、经济发展、文化教育和民族心理。

通过这种方式，学生可以提高新闻意识和媒介素养，培养思辨能力和跨文化交际能力。

同时，这也有助于学生形成正确的价值观和世界观，使他们在跨文化交际中能坚定中国观点和立场，深入理解中国的价值观和发展观。

（二）课程目标：课程目标1：提高阅读理解能力：能够运用阅读策略，读懂英语报刊杂志中经济、政治、科技、文化等各种主题的文章，理解主旨思想、重要事实、主要细节等，并进一步理解文章的隐含意义及倾向。

课程目标2：提高新闻意识和媒介素养：掌握新闻的定义、新闻价值、新闻体裁、新闻文本独具的语言和文化特色等新闻理论知识，具备新闻意识和媒介素养，客观评论新闻。

课程目标3：培养思辨和跨文化交际能力：提升信息搜集和分析的能力，理解全球各国的交际礼仪、审美趣味、思维方式、价值观和意识形态。

这将帮助我们客观地认识中国与世界，形成正确的价值观和世界观。

在跨文化交际中，我们应坚定维护中国观点和立场，用英语阐述中国的内涵和价值。

课程目标4：提高评论写作能力：能就英语报刊中的常见话题发表自己的看法和评论，字数在300字以上，观点明确，语句通顺，条理清晰，论证严密，有理有据。

（三）课程目标与毕业要求、课程内容的对应关系三、教学内容课程导读1.教学目标1)让学生了解熟悉世界主流英语媒体及国内权威英语媒体资源2)使学生掌握基础的新闻理论知识3)帮助学生培养媒体素养，使学生能够多角度理解并客观评论新闻2.教学重难点培养学生的媒介素养，使学生认识到西方媒体报道的特点，强调中国媒体报道世界的中国视角和中国观点3.教学内容1）课程资源介绍，包括主要的英语媒体资源，重点介绍国内的权威英语媒体资源2）新闻理论知识讲解，包括新闻的定义、价值、体裁、语言特色及文化特色等3）媒介素养培养，介绍西方媒体报道新闻、特别使中国新闻的特调，强调中国媒体报道新闻的视角和观点第一单元Education1.教学目标1）使学生掌握“教育”主题常用的词汇和句型2）使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3）使学生掌握词义猜测第一部分的阅读策略4）通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“教育”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“教育”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“教育”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略1的学习和训练4“教育”相关主题的课堂讨论第二单元Culture and Society1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“文化与社会”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握词义猜测第二部分的阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“文化与社会”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“文化与社会”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“文化与社会”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略2的学习和训练4“文化与社会”相关主题的课堂讨论第三单元Politics1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“政治”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握定位中心句和重要细节这一阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“政治”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“政治”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“政治”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略3的学习和训练4“政治”相关主题的课堂讨论第四单元Economy1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“经济”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握判断文章结构这一阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“经济”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“经济”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“经济”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略4的学习和训练4“经济”相关主题的课堂讨论第五单元Science and Technology1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“科技”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生了解批判性思考的特点和在阅读中的重要性4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“科技”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“科技”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“科技”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略5的学习和训练4“科技”相关主题的课堂讨论四、学时分配表2：各章节的具体内容和学时分配表五、教学进度表3：教学进度表六、教材及参考书目1．张卓主编，《新媒体英语阅读》，苏州大学出版社，2020年1月第1版七、教学方法本课程专注于知识传授、价值引导和能力提升三个维度，将课程思政与主题学习、语言学习和技能学习紧密结合。

报刊常见简短词,缩略词

报刊常见简短词accord=agreementaide=assistantaim=purposerally=amass assemblydrive=campaigntalk=negotiationace=champion得胜者aid=assistance帮助blast =explosion爆炸body=committee/commission clash=controversy机构crash, smash =collision碰撞，坠毁deal=agreement/transaction协议dems=democrats民主党党员envoy=ambassador大使fake=counterfeit赝品，骗局fete=celebration庆祝<活动>dub = nicknamefeud=strong dispute严重分歧flop=failure失败freeze=stabilization冻结glut=oversupply供过于求GOP=Grand Old Party共和党nod=approval许可，批准pact=agreement，treaty协议poll=election，public opinion poll 投票选举，民意测验probe=investigation调查pull out=withdrawal撤退，撤离rift=separation隔离，分离row=quarrel争论，争议set=ready准备snag=unexpected difficulty 意外障碍，意外困难statement=dispute that cannot be settled僵持，僵局stance=attitude态度step=progress进程，进步strife=conflict冲突，矛盾ties=(diplomatic)relations关系hit，harm，hurt, ruin或wreck=damagedrop，give up，quit，skip或yield =abandonaid=assist帮助，援助alter=change or modify改变ask=inquire询问assail=denounce谴责axe=dismiss/reduce解雇，减少balk=impede阻碍ban=prohibit or forbid禁止bar=prevent防止，阻止bare=expose or reveal暴露，揭露begin=commence开始bid=attempt努力bilk=cheat欺骗bolt=desert or abandon放弃boost=increase增加，提高check=examine检查claim=cause the death of夺去……的生命clash=disagree strong1y发生分歧curb=control or restrict控制dip=decline or decrease下降ease=lessen减轻，缓和end=terminate结束，中止flay=criticize批评flout=insult侮辱foil=prevent from阻止，防止grill = investigate调查gut=destroy摧毁head=direct率领hold=arrest逮捕laud=praise赞扬lop=diminish下降，减少map=work out制订mark=celebrate庆祝name=appoint\nominate提名moot=discuss讨论mull=consider考虑nab=arrest逮捕nip=defeat击败nix=deny\disapprove否决，拒绝opt=choose选择oust=expel驱逐peril=endanger危害，危及pledge=determine发誓plot=conspire预谋，密谋策划plunge=plummet价格等暴跌poise=ready for action作好准备probe=investigate调查raid =attack进攻rap =criticize批评rebuke=criticize批评rout=defeat completely击溃slay=murder谋杀soar=skyrocket急剧上升spur=encourage激励，鞭策swap=exchange交流，交换sway=influence影响trim=reduce削减vie=compete竞争vow=determine决心，发誓weigh=consider考虑woo=seek to win争取，追求Aussie=Australian澳大利亚的报刊常见缩略词s of organizationUNESCO=United Nations Educational, Scientific And Cultural Organization(联合国教科文组织)•IMF=International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)•ASEAN=Association Of Southeast Asian Nations(东南亚国家联盟；“东盟”)•OPEC=Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries(石油输出国组织；“欧佩克”)•IOC=International Olympic Committee(国际奥林匹克委员会)•NASA=National Aeronautics And Space Administration[(美国)国家宇航局]•UN（联合国）•WTP Wold Trade Organization世界贸易组织•APEC Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation亚太经济合作组织•SC Security Council联合国的“安全理事会”，简称“安理会”2. Other proper namesGDP Gross Domestic Product国内生产总值•UFO=Unidentified Flying Object(不明飞行物；“飞碟”)•DJI=Dow-Jones Index(道·琼斯指数)•ABM=Anti-Ballistic Missile(反弹道导弹)•SAL T=Strategic Arms Limitation Talks(限制战略武器会谈)•SDI=Strategic Defence Initiative(战略防御措施)•GMT=Greenwich Mean Time(格林威治标准时间)s for people’s professions, titles•PM=Prime Minister(总理；首相)•GM=General Manager(总经理)•VIP=V ery Important Person(贵宾；要人)•TP=Traffic Policeman(交通警察)•PA=Personal Assistant(私人助理)OICQ英文Open ICQ的缩写(ICQ为英文I See Y ou的谐音)，简称QQ，是目前流行的一种网上聊天软件OC（International Olympic Committee国际奥林匹克委员会），ASP（American selling price美国销售价），expo（exposition 博览会），biz（business商业），champ（champion冠军），con（convict罪犯），homo（homosexual同性恋），lib（liberation解放），vic（victory 胜利），pro（professional专业的；职业的），rep（representative代表），Sec（secretary秘书），vet（veteran老兵；老手），tech（technology 技术），copter=helicopter直升机nat’l=national全国的com’l=commercial 商业的c’tee=committee 委员会C’wealth=Commonwealth英联邦telly=television电视机pix=pictures电影WB（world bank世界银行），ipix（pictures图像浏览技术）extra vehicular activity (EV A舱外活动).FAQ frequently asked questionsBBS Bulletin Board System公告牌系统或电子公告板RSS really simple syndication也叫聚合RSS，在线共享内容的一种简易方式，DWI driving while intoxicated。

《英美报刊选读》重点词汇整理

一，who we are now1.But the president was openly ambivalent, too.2.Because who we are now-a country in which traditional barriers of race, age and gender are crumbling-flows in many ways from what LBJ did then.3.Why exhume the long-dead Johnson on the occasion of one of the most engaging inaugural since George Washington took the oath at Federal Hall…4.His conflicting language underscores the nation’s occasionally wary view of the changes wrought by immigration.5.There is something quintessentially American about a lumbering white man from Texas…6.In the understandable thrill of the inaugural season, all eyes are turned to this single man, all ears attuned to his voice.7.Whatever your politics, the election of the 44th president represents a kind of redemption from the long and tragic history of blacks…8.If you count a generation as roughly 21 years, he was off the mark, since the rapidly inspired backlash shaped politics for more than 40 years9.In 1909,…proposed a literary test to restrict the influx of the “Italians, Russians,Poles,Hungarians”…10.Then,in1952,Congress passed the…Act,which essentially made naturalization colorblind.(平等的对待不同肤色的人)11.The tension between assimilation and separation is eternal, but there is no doubt that this flood of immigration and the breaking down of barriers between previously estranged (疏远的，隔离的)groups within the country has created a much more fluid culture than…12.The key cohort is the 75 million-strong generation known as the millennials(1980-2000)13.perennial:lasting for a long time or forever14.The disparity between older and younger voters was greater in 2008 than at any other time…15.The younger cohort is more diverse than the general population, more female, more secular, less socially conservative and more willing to describe themselves as liberals.16.In the wake of a possible terrorist attack, fear could easily lead to tension, resent and discord.17.witch hunts: an attempt to find and punish people with different opinions18.allude to: mention sth. in an indirect way19.momentous:very important20.mythic:very famousndslide竞选中压倒多数性的选票二，The lost generation1.The most enduring harm is being done to young people who cannot grab onto the first rung of the career ladder.2.Affected are a range of young people,from high school dropouts,to college grades,to newly minted lawyers and…3.Studies suggest that an extended period of young joblessness can significantly depress lifetime income as people get sunk (unable to move)in jobs that are beneath their capabilities, or come to be seen by employers as damaged goods.研究表明，青年人长期失业会大大压低其一生的薪金水平，因为这些人难以摆脱无法发挥自己能力的工作，被雇主视为有缺陷的员工。

《英语报刊阅读》课程考核说明及复习资料

《英语报刊阅读》课程考核说明及复习资料《英语报刊阅读》课程考核说明及复习资料英语报刊阅读?是本科开放教育英语专业的选修课程之一。

本课程的目的是使学生增强对英语报刊的阅读理解能力，扩大视野，使他们通过学习既能学到新闻语言，又能掌握阅读这些报刊必须具备的有关知识和主要与政治、军事、外交、经济、法律、宗教、文教和科技等有关的词语。

课程的重点是培养学生的阅读理解能力。

考核方式包括形成性考核和课程终结考试。

课程终结考试以考查学生阅读和理解英语报刊的技能，适当包括课程中介绍的读报知识。

一、考核对象中央广播电视大学本科开放教育英语专业学生。

二、考核方式本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和终结考试分别以百分制记分。

课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占20%，课程终结考试占80%。

1．形成性考核：包括平时作业、参与面授辅导和各项教学活动的情况，以及学生对学习过程的自我监控情况。

2．课程终结考试：以笔试形式进行。

笔试主要包括阅读和翻译，满分为100分。

题型主要为报刊词汇翻译，选择题，正误判断题，问题回答，句子或段落翻译等。

三、命题依据本课程终结考试的命题依据是中央广播电视大学本科开放教育英语专业教学计划、课程教学大纲以及有周学艺主编、北京大学出版社的《美英报刊文章选读》（精选本）。

四、评价目标本考试重点考查学生对英语报刊的阅读理解能力和对时事政治新闻词语的掌握，并适当考查课程中所介绍的读报知识。

五、命题原则课程终结考试的命题根据教材所涵盖的有关中国、美国、英国以及亚洲的新闻内容以及与教材难度相当阅读技能，涉及教材内容不少于60%。

六、考试要求本课程终结考试为半开卷考试，除有关规定允许携带的物品外，考生不得携带其他任何形式的参考资料和电子读物或工具。

七、题型与复习资料（见附件）附件1《英语报刊选读》期末考试题型一、将下列报刊杂志名译成中文或英文。

二、将下列词组译为中文。

三、选择正确的项目替换划线部分的内容。

(词汇替换)四、阅读理解。

英语报刊选读复习要点

课程：英语报刊选读复习要点（最新版）熟悉下列英语报刊高频率词汇的含义In Mediaback issue, bulletin, canned copy, censorship, checkbook journalism, cold news, development stories, dope story, exclusive, breaking news, catchpenny, brief, broad sheet paper, caption, cover story, editor’s not es (Eds) ,flash, follow-up story, newscast, publicity, puff pieces, personal profile, round-up/wrap-up, running stories, social event features, spot news, wire service/news agency, update, deep throatIn Politicsriot police, the Bush administration, Saddam regime, rogue state, Axis of evil, Donkey, Elephant, Al-Qaeda, cold war mentality, empty-nest syndrome, Femlib, low profile, news blackout, sexism, upper, dove, hawk, police state, pocket vetoIn Metro Life dust storm/ sand storm, public hazard, fat farm, visual pollution, midriff, bug, edp crimes, domestic violence, occupational disease, makeover nation, Internet hookups, gay marriage, B-schoolIn Military Affairsbeam weapons, blanket bombing, MIA (missing in action), POW, war games, non-proliferation drive, bloodless coup, scud missile, military coup, military presence, stealth bomber, honey trap, weapon of mass destruction, coalition forces, checkbook participation, talkman, stealth fighters, decapitationIn Medicineeuthanasia或mercy killing/painless death, industrial disease, liposuction, vanity surgery, hypertensionIn Business and EconomyEuroland, debt chain, buy-out, equity joint venture, job-hopper, hardball, consumer price index (CPI), kickback, knockout product, scalper, cash cow, ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), Gate’s LawIn Science & Technologycanned software, cutting edge, g-force, info highway, computernik,In Film and TVbox office income/record/value, premiere /debut, trailer, show biz, animation, block-buster, paparazzo , rating , sitcom , soundtrack , extra Proper NounsWhite House, Capitol Hill, Buckingham, Downing Street No.10, Fleet Street, Pentagon, Wall Street, Broadway, Elysee, Kremlin, Hollywood, Silicon ValleyGreen Berets, Blue Berets, Iron Lady, Iron Curtain, First Lady Loanwordspersona non grata, glasnost, per capita, rapport, bloc, tsunami, tycoon, status quo, De factoa wait-and–see attitude, the life-and–death issue, the hit-and-run tactics, ready-to-eat foodThe four social functions of the media: surveillance, interpretation, transmit values, entertainment The Definition of JournalismDefinition of News and ingredients/elements of news News value/the newsworthinessPublic interest, Criteria for Newsworthiness:News value determiners²Timeliness.²Impact or Consequence or Importance²Prominence or Eminence²Proximity or closeness/ nearness²Conflict²The Unusual or the Bizarreness / Weirdness²Currency²NecessityNews ClassificationHard NewsSoft NewsFeaturescommentaries and columnspositive coveragenegative coverageneutral coveragemuckrakingThe headlineThe grammar of headlines:tenses, voices, Omission/Ellipsis, Punctuations, abbreviations各种机构、重要的国际组织名称的缩写常用缩写Important International Organizations, 要积累和熟记, E.g.CIA ( Central Intelligence Agency)FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation),PLO,OPEC, ApecIMF (International Monetary Fund), WHOATM- Automatic Teller Machine CEO-Chief Executive OfficerCFO-Chief financial OfficerCNN-Cable News Networks Copter-helicopterCTO-Chief Technology Officer CTV-Cable TVD-dayDJ-disc jockeyDJ-Dow Jones & Co.GE-General ElectricsGM-General MotorsGMS-Global Positioning SystemHKSAR-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ICP-Internet Content ProviderIOUMart-marketMP- Member of ParliamentPM- Prime MinisterNMD-the National Missile Defense systemNYSE-New York Stock ExchangeOpec-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries PNTR-Permanent Normal Trade RelationsPOW-prisoner of warSIM-Subscribers’ Identification ModuleV-day- Victory DayVP-Vice PresidentLead and body of a news storyA direct lead A delayed leadInverted pyramid阅读材料中的内容(Selected Readings from Mainstream Newspapers & Magazines) 包括重点词汇：International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)denuclearizationthe terrorism blacklistIOC( the International Olympic Committee)human rights abusesAI (Amnesty International)BOCAG (Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games ) International Paralympics Committee (IPC)The Federal Reservehigh net worth individualsthe Guinness World Recordthe National Intelligence Councilthe National Counterintelligence ExecutiveIPCC (the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) EU (the European Union)Met Office (the Meteorological Office)the Royal Geographical SocietyGreenpeacethe World Health OrganisationNGO (non-governmental organizations)civil societyGongoshardline policyNASCAR (National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing)Unifem (United Nations Development Fund for Women)GOPWFP (the UN World Food Program)Article 43 (page 85) Paragraphs 1 & 2cyber-censorshipAttribution：消息来源official sourcesa US State Department sourcewell-informed sourcepolice sourcesthe highest quartersthe quarters concerneddiplomatic quartersmilitary expertsdiplomatic observeran unidentified sourcea source who wants to remain anonymous a source speaking on condition of anonymity。

英语报刊阅读复习

英语报刊阅读复习英语报刊阅读复习一、重点单词：1、常用单词：aid＝assist; helpalter＝change or modifyask＝inquireban＝prohibit or forbidblast＝explodebegin＝commenceboost＝increasecheck＝examineclaim＝cause the death of ...clash＝disagree stronglycurb＝control or restrictdip＝decline or decreaseease＝lessenend＝terminateflay＝criticizeflout＝insultfoil＝prevent fromgrill＝investigategut＝destroyhead＝directhold＝arrestaccord=agreement(协议）aid＝assistance（帮助）aim=purpose(目的）arms= weapons (武器）blast＝explosion（爆炸）body＝committee, commission（委员会）clash＝controversy; dispute（冲突）crash＝collision（碰撞，坠毁）deal＝agreement, transaction（协议，交易）envoy＝ambassador（大使）fake＝counterfeit（赝品，骗局）fete＝celebration（庆祝（活动））feud＝strong dispute（严重分歧）flop＝failure（失败）freeze＝stabilization（（物价、工资等）冻结）gems＝jewels (珠宝；首饰）nod＝approval（许可，批准）pact＝agreement, treaty（条约，协议）poll＝election, public opinion poll（投票选举，民意测验）?probe＝investigation（调查）pullout＝withdrawal（撤退，撤离）rift＝separation（隔离，分离）set＝ready（准备）step＝progress（进程，进步）strife＝conflict（冲突，矛盾）talk=negotiation(谈判）ties＝(diplomatic) relations（（外交）关系）2、常见事物名称：Aids（艾滋病）获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ?UFO＝Unidentified Flying Object DJI＝Dow-Jones IndexCPI=Consumer Price IndexPR＝Public RelationsSALT＝Strategic Arms Limitation Talks（限制战略武器会谈）SDI＝Strategic Defense Initiative（战略防御措施）GMT＝Greenwich Mean TimeJV=Joint VentureIPR=Intellectual Property Rights3、职业、职务或职称的简称，如MP（议员）PM＝Prime Minister（总理；首相）FM= Foreign Minister 外长; Finance Minister 财长DM= Defense Minister 国防部长GM＝General Manager总经理CEO= Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官CFO= Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官CMO= Chief Market Officer 首席市场总监CTO= Chief Technology Office首席技术官COO= Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官VIP＝Very Important Person贵宾；要人TP＝Traffic Policeman交通警察PA＝Personal Assistant私人助理pro＝professional专业的，职业的rep＝representative 代表Russ＝Russia 俄罗斯sec＝secretary秘书tech＝technology技术4、特殊结构单词：1) 截头留尾：chute＝parachute降落伞copter= helicopter 直升机Quake= earthquake 地震2）截取首尾，保留中间flu=influenza流感frige= refrigerator 冰箱Tec = detective 侦探Vic = convict 罪犯or victory胜利3）截去中间，保留首尾c…tee＝committee委员会C…wealth＝Commonwealth英联邦com…l＝commercial（商业的，广告）gov?t= government 政府motel= motor hotel 汽车旅馆nat…l＝national全国的telecast=television broadcast 电视广播4）不规则裁剪词Aussie＝Australian澳大利亚人telly＝television（电视机）Brunch=breakfast + lunch 早中餐ecopolitics=economic politics 政治经济N-test= Nuclear test 核试验pix＝pictures（电影）L. America=Latin America 拉丁美洲N. Ireland=North Ireland 北爱尔兰S．Africa= South Africa 南非二、知识点1、Supreme Court of the United States---------------美国最高法院District Court-----------------------------------------------地方法院Claims Court-----------------------------------------------索赔法院Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit----------联邦巡回上诉法院Court of International Trade---------------------------国际贸易法院Territorial Courts------------------------------------------属地法院Court of Military Appeals-------------------------------军事上诉法院Court of Veterans Appeals-----------------------------退伍军人上诉法院Administrative Office of the Courts-----------------法院行政管理局Federal Judicial Center----------------------------------联邦司法中心2、Elephant----The Republican PartyMost members are conservatives.Donkey------The Democratic PartyMost members are liberals.3、奥巴马是美国第56届、第44任和第43位总统关于“届”“任”“位”美国宪法规定，总统选举4年一次，总统任满4年为一届。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

不需要的逐词记忆。

）7.Tabloid and broadsheet小报和报纸（p21）(the distinctions between tabloid and broadsheet)（区分小报和大报）8.Major newspapers in the UK and US英国和美国的主流报纸（p13-34）9.Major magazines in the UK and US英国和美国的主流杂志（p13-34）同上10.Lexical features in headlines:small words; abbreviations; etc.在标题的词汇特点：小词；缩略语；等。

（p37）11.Grammatical features in headlines: omission of articles, personal pronouns, etc.; present tense for past events, infinitive for future events, etc在标题的语法特点：省略的文章，人称代词等；现在时表示过去的时间，不定式表示未来事件等（p42）12.Rhetorical features used in headlines :alliteration; parody; metaphor; pun; euphemism用于标题的修辞特点：头韵；戏仿；隐喻；双关语；委婉语（p44）13.News leads , direct vs. delayed lead新闻导语，直接与延迟导语（p48）14.News agenciesOrganizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media are called news agencies.15.Major news agencies in the world在世界各大通讯社Major news agencies in the UK and USUKReuters(路透社)—one of the largest European press agenciesPA—Press AssociatedUSAP(美联社)—the Associated Press—The oldest press association in the United StatesUPI(合众国际社)—United Press International16.General understanding of the inverted pyramid structure of journalistic writing新闻写作的倒金字塔结构的一般认识（p63）17.Types of news features新闻特写的类型（p75）18.Differences between feature and news report特写和新闻报道之间的差异（p76）19.Basic structure of news comment新闻评论的基本结构（p83）Common abbreviations1. ABC：American Broadcasting Company美国广播公司2. BBC：British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司3. NBC：National Broadcasting Company （美国）全国广播公司4. CNN：Cable News Network（美国）有线新闻电视网5. CBS：Columbia Broadcasting System 美国哥伦比亚广播公司6. MPAA：Motion Picture Association of America 美国电影协会7. ITN：Independent Television News（英国）独立电视新闻公司8. APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚洲和太平洋经济合作组织9. ASEAN：Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟10. NATO：North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织11. OPEC：Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织12. UNSC：= United Nations Security Council 联合国安全理事会13. WHO：World Health Organization世界卫生组织14. FAO：Food and Agriculture Organization世界粮农组织15. UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织16. WIPO：World Intellectual Property Organization（联合国）世界知识产权组织17. IMO：International Maritime Organization国际海事组织18．Interpol/TERPOL: International Criminal Police Organization国际刑警组织19．FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation美国联邦调查局20. USDHS: United States Department of Homeland Security美国国土安全部21. CIA：Central Intelligence Agency （美国）中央情报局22. NYSE：New York Stock Exchange（美国）纽约证券交易所23. NASDAQ：National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations （美国）全国证券交易商协会自动报价表；纳斯达克24．IMF：International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织25．NDRC National Development and Reform Commission 国家发改委26. CPC：Communist Party of China27. CPPCC：Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议28. HKSAR：Hong Kong Special Administrative Region香港特别行政区29. NPC：National People's Congress（中国）全国人民代表大会30. GNP：gross National Product国民生产总值31. GDP：Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值32. EEC：European Economic Community欧（洲经济）共（同）体33. ASPAC---Asian and Pacific Council 亚（洲）太（平洋）理事会34. EU：European Union 欧洲联盟35. NASA= National Aeronautics and Space Administration（美）国家航空和航天局36.WWF：World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金会37.UNDP：United Nations Development Programme 联合国开发计划署38.UNGA：United Nations General Assembly 联（合国）大（会）#39.ICRC：International Committee of the Red Cross 红十字国际委员会40. UNPKF：United Nations Peace－keeping Force联合国维持和平部队41. ICJ：International Court of Justice 国际法院42.DJI：Dow Jones Index 道·琼斯（股票）平均指数43.FM：foreign minister 外交部长44. MP：Member of Parliament议员45. PM：Prime Minister 首相; 总理46. BBS：Bulletin Board System 电子公告板47. EMS：Emergency Medical Service急救医疗48. IOC：International Olympic Committee 国际奥林匹克委员会49. WHC: World Heritage Committee世界遗产委员会50. CISAR：China international Search and Rescue Team中国国际救援队51. CPI：Consumer Price Index 居民消费价格指数52. NGO：Non-governmental Organization非政府组织53. WTO：World Trade Organization世界贸易组织网络版重点第一章英语新闻学的基本概念：一、今天的传播媒介（the mass media today）：1. Communication: the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others ina particular time and place.2. Communication includes writing and talking, as well as nonverbal communication, visual communication, and electronic communication.3. Communication is a vital part of personal life and is also important in business, education, and any other situation where people encounter each other.4. Mass communication media: the means of communication that can reach many people at a time either by printed materials or electronic waves are called mass media. These include newspaper, magazines, books, radio, television, public relation and advertising.5. TV and newspaper are the two major kinds of mass media in the present world.二、新闻学的定义（the definition of journalism）:1. Journalism is the collection and periodical publishing of news. It includes writing for, editing, and managing such media as the newspaper and the periodical. In other words, it means gathering, evaluating, and disseminating facts of current interest.三、新闻及新闻要素（news and elements of news）1. News is information that is published in newspapers and broadcast on radio and television about recent events in the country or world or in a particular area of activity.2. There are usually five basic elements in news: who, what, why, when, and where. An additional element may be “how”.四、新闻价值和公众兴趣（news value and public interest）1.软新闻soft news 硬新闻hard news①Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-minute news and events that are reported immediately.Soft news is background information or human-interest stories, which appeal to people`s curiosity, sympathy, skepticism, or amazement.②Subject matter:Politics, war, economics, and crime used to be considered hard news, which arts entertainment and lifestyles were considered soft news.The tone of presentation:A hard news story takes a factual approach: what happened? Who was involved? Where and when did it happen? Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader2. News value refers to the importance of the facts and details in the news that can satisfy the public`s interest in news.3. Public interest means the degree of attention the readers pay to the news reports.4.News-worthiness of a report: timeliness, proximity, conflict, eminence or prominence, consequence or impact, human interest……五、新闻来源和新闻社（sources of news and news agencies）1. Organizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media are called news agencies.六、新闻的法律与道德问题（legal and ethical issues of journalism）1. Areas of particular concern to reporters are libel, newsroom searches, protection of sources, invasion of privacy suits and the free press controversy.2. The code of ethics: responsibility, freedom of the press, accuracy and objectivity.第二章报纸报纸的主要功能To inform , to influence, to entertain, to advertise.◇Newspapers are publications usually issued on a daily or weekly basis, the main function of which is to report the news. Newspapers also provide commentary on the news, advocate various public policies, furnish special information and advice to readers, and sometimes include features such as comic strips(连环漫画), cartoons, and serialized(连载) books.小报(tabloid)，大报(broadsheet)第三章新闻杂志Publications released at regular intervals are often called journals, or periodicals.第四章新闻结构1.Grammatical Features of News Headlines：1. Omission of link verbs such as BE and determiners such as articles and pronouns2. Infinitives for future events3. Present tense for past events4. Phrases as headlines5. Pre-modificationExample 1. U.S. plans more Taiwan sales2. The lexical features of headlines：Small words and abbreviations instead of big, complete ones (Why?)aid→assistbid→attemptopt→choosevie→competeraid→attackcurb→controllaud→praiseslam→criticizeback→support,approveofblast→explode,explosionquiz→question,interrogateprobe→enquire,investigateban,bar→prohibit(ion),prevent(ion)nuke→nuclearGov’t→GovernmentPM→Prime Minister3.Basic sentence types of news headlines1. Narrative headline2.Quotation headline3.Interrogative headline4.story headline4. Rhetorical devices used in headlines for tabloidsAlliteration, Parody, Metaphor, Pre-modifier, Inventive lexis, etc.5.leadA direct lead tells readers the most important aspect of the story in a direct and straightforward way, and is often used in hard news.A delayed lead interests readers by hinting the content of the story. It is usually found in features and other soft stories that put more emphasis on human interest rather than timeliness of an event.附表一Major news agencies in the UK and USUKReuters(路透社)—one of the largest European press agenciesPA—Press AssociatedUSAP(美联社)—the Associated Press—The oldest press association in the United StatesUPI(合众国际社)—United Press International。