外贸函电
外贸函电邮件常用范文(精选14篇)

外贸函电邮件常用范文(精选14篇)(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如工作总结、工作计划、合同协议、条据文书、策划方案、句子大全、作文大全、诗词歌赋、教案资料、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays for everyone, such as work summaries, work plans, contract agreements, doctrinal documents, planning plans, complete sentences, complete compositions, poems, songs, teaching materials, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!外贸函电邮件常用范文(精选14篇)外贸函电邮件常用范文第1篇Gentlemen:Sep.1, 2001We are sorry to report that in spite of our effort, we are unable to guarantee shipment by the agreed date due to a strike at our factory.We are afraid that your L/C will be eXpire before shipment.Therefore,please eXplain our situation to your customers and secure their consent to eXtend the L/C to .Sincerely外贸函电邮件常用范文第2篇Thank you for your letter of 1 September suggesting that we grant you a sole agency for our household linens.I regret to say that, at this stage ,such an arrangement would berather premature.We would, however, be willing to engage in a trial collaboration with you company to see how the arrangement works.It would be necessary for you to test the market for our productsat you end.You would also have to build up a much larger turnover tojustify a sole agency.We enclose price lists covering all the products you are interested in and look forward to hearing from you soon.9月1日有关建议担任家用亚麻制品独家代理的来信收悉。
最新7种外贸函电常用模板

一、开发新客户Dear XXX,We have learned from our old client that you are one of the leading XXX importers in Italy. Therefore, we do hope there is a chance for us to cooperate with each other in the near future. (表明合作意向)We are one of the biggest XXX manufactures in China.(介绍自己的身份)All our products are manufactured strictly and provided to over 30 countries already.Attached please find our latest catalogue and quotation.(直接给出报价单)We look forward to your trial order.Yours faithfully,XXX二、样品寄送通知Dear XXX,I’m now writing to inform you that the samples that you requested were sent by Federal Express today. (告知客户寄送时间及方式)In the mail, I’ve also enclosed a quotation.(附上最新的报价单)Please let me know at your earliest conveniences as soon as they arrive. Thanks a lot!I’m looking forward to your earliest response.Yours sincerely,XXX三、拒绝临时取消订单Dear Sir,Thank you for your letter of March 12th. We’re very sorry that we can’t accept cancelling the order at the last moment.(表明自己的态度)Since your products are ready for shipment, it will be a huge loss for us if you cancel the order.(说明理由)So we have difficulties in accepting your request.Best regards,XXX四、付款确认Dear XXX,I’ve received your mail informing tha t the amount of ¥100,000,000 (再次说明金额)as payment for my invoice NO.1234567 has been transferred to our bank.Thank you very much for your cooperation.Yours,XXX五、邀请来访Dear XXX,It was great to meet you at the 2017 Canton Fair last week(唤起客户记忆)and we’d like to thank you for your being interested in our XXX.In order to deepen our business relations, we’d like to invite you to our company in Shanghai.(表明意向)This would be a good opportunity for you to get an overview of our facilities and company cultures, as well as to discuss common interests.We’ll meet all your expenses during this visit.(告知客户关注的来访费用)With regard to possible dates, we do hope that you could come at the end of the month.(表明意向时间)Please let me know whether this w ould be suitable for you. I’m looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,XXX六、介绍新产品Dear XXX,We’re pleased to inform you that we’ve made our new products available on the market. Much to our delight, they enjoy great popularity.(说明新产品已上市且好评不断)As we guess you might be interested, we’ve sent you by UPS half a dozen samples for your trail use. (告知已寄送试用品)Attached please find copy of our latest catalogue and quotation.(附上报价单) We hope you’ll take this opportunity to enlarge your bus iness scope.Yours sincerely,XXX七、维护老客户Dear XXX,It’s been three month since we executed your last order.Recently we’ve developed new business relations with three more purchasers, from whom we got in large quantities of XXX. (告知产品近期很受欢迎)I’d like to inform you that for a limited period of time, we are reducing prices on certain items. (告知老客户降价通知)Please have a look at the attached catalogue and quotation. If you wish to order large quantities, e-mail me. We’ll work out terms and con ditions to our mutual benefit.We’re glad to give you this discount in view of your previous orders(告知客户折扣只有他才有) and would appreciate a prompt reply.Yours sincerely,XXX八、请求介绍新客户Dear XXX,I’d like to inform you that we’ve sent XXX you required last month.(简要回复之前的邮件)Attached are our catalogue and quotation for the complete ranges.Our company has established business relationship with you since 2014. As you know, we’re devoting ourselves to expand our business abroad all the time. (表明想要扩展业务的意向)I would appreciate it if you could recommend some potential purchasers to us. (说明想要他推荐新客户)It’s known to all that Chinese XXXs are renowned for their good quality, attractive designs and fine workmanship. They have enjoyed great popularity in the European market. (阐述自己的优势)We believe that through your favorable help we’ll meet with extensive reception in your country.We look forward to your favorable reply.Yours,XXX九、转介绍被拒绝Dear XXX,Thank you for your email of March 12th, we can fully understand your situation and are sorry for putting you in a dilemma.(说明自己了解客户的难处并表示感谢)Thank you all the same.Yours faithfully,XXX十、感谢介绍客户Dear XXX,Thank you very much for introducing XXX Company to us.(直接表明邮件主题)The establishment of new business relationship with such a large company helped increasing our sales greatly.Last week, we signed a contract with the director Mr. XXX, who held you in high regard and was particularity interested in our products designed for the U.S. market. (告知与新客户合作情况)We look forward to providing them with the most costly effective services so that they will never feel regretful to cooperate with us.We owe you the greatest debt of gratitude.(对老客户再次表示感谢)Yours sincerely,XXXbai、请求建立商业关系duRogers Chemical Supply Co. zhiE.daoStreet Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply.Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址,特此修函,祈能发展关系。
12种外贸英语函电范文

12种外贸英语函电范文导语:外贸行业总要写一些外贸函电,以下是人才小网搜集整理的外贸函电范文,欢迎阅读!1. 主动联系采购商Dear Sirs: May 1, 2001Inquiries regarding our new product, the Deer Mountain Bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. Reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. Enclosed is our brochure.Yours faithfully2. 提出询价Dear Sirs: Jun.1, 2001We received your promotional letter and brochure today. We believe that your would do well here in the U.S.A. Kindly send us further details of your prices and terms of sale. We ask you to make every effort to quote at competitive prices in order to secure our business. We look forward to hearing from you soon..Truly3. 迅速提供报价Gentlemen: June 4, 2001Thank you for your inquiry of June the 1st concerning the Deer Mountain Bike. It gives us great pleasure to send along the technical information on the model together with the catalog and price list. After studying the prices and terms of trade, you will understand why we are working to capacity to meet the demand. We look forward to the opportunity of being of service of you.4. 如何讨价还价Gentlemen: June 8, 2001We have received your price lists and have studied it carefully. However, the price level in your quotation is too high for this market, If you are prepared to grant us a discount of 10% for a quantity of 200, we would agree to your offer. You should note that some price cut will justify itself by an increase in business. We hope to hear from you soon.Yours truly5 同意进口商的还价Dear Sirs: June 12, 2001Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We have accepted your offer on the terms suggested. Enclosed our will find a special price list that we believe will meet your ideas of prices. You should note that the recent advances in raw materials have affected the cost of this product unfavorably. However, for your order we have kept our prices down.Sincerely6 拒绝进口商的还价Dear Sirs: June 12, 2001Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We regret that we cannot meet your terms. We must point out that the falling market here leaves us little or no margin of profit. We must ask you for a keener price in respect to future orders. At present the best discount offered for a quantity of 200 is 5%. Our current situation leaves us little room to bargain. We hope you will reconsider the offer.Truly7 正式提出订单Gentlemen: June 15, 2001We have discussed your offer of 5% and accept it on theterms quoted. We are prepared to give your product a trial, provided you can guarantee delivery on or before the 20th of September. The enclosed order is given strictly on this condition. We reserve the right of refusal of delivery and/or cancellation of the order after this date.Truly8 确认订单Gentlemen: June 20, 2001Thank you very much for your order of June 15 for 200 Deer Mountain Bikes. We will make every possible effort to speed up delivery. We will advise you of the date of dispatch. We are at your service at all times.Sincerely9 请求开立信用证Gentlemen: June 18, 2001Thank you for your order No. 599. In order to execute it, please open an irrevocable L/C for the amount of US$ 50,000 in our favor. This account shall be available until Sep. 20. Upon arrival of the L/C we will pack and ship the order as requested.Sincerely10 通知已开立信用证Dear Sirs: June 24, 2001Thank you for your letter of June 18 enclosing details of your terms. According to your request for opening an irrevocable L/C, we have instructed the Beijing City Commercial Bank to open a credit for US$ 50,000 in your favor, valid until Sep. 20. Please advise us by fax when the order has been executed.Sincerely11 请求信用证延期Gentlemen: Sep. 1, 2001We are sorry to report that in spite of our effort, we are unable to guarantee shipment by the agreed date due to a strike at our factory. We are afraid that your L/C will be expire before shipment. Therefore, please explain our situation to your customers and secure their consent to extend the L/C to Sept.30.Sincerely12 同意更改信用证Gentlemen: Sept. 5, 2001We received your letter today and have informed our customers of your situation. As requested, we have instructed the Beijing City Commercial Bank to extend the L/C up to and including September 30. Please keep us abreast of any new development.Sincerely。
外贸函电知识及模板

第九章:外贸函电基础(编者:莫树鹏)9.1函电基本概述外贸函电是一种商务信件,是我们与客户之间建立联系及合作关系的重要手段。
外贸函电的作用:意识索取信息或传递信息,二是处理商务交流中有关事宜,三是联络与沟通感情。
函电主要通过电子邮件、传真或MSN等方式去传送内容。
9.2函电内容介绍外贸函电相关内容在这里主要是指建立业务关系(如开发信),处理回复和跟进客户询盘、报价、订货协商、签约、包装、装运、支付、结算以及办理保险、商检、索赔以及代理协议、仲裁等等业务工作所要撰写电子邮件和信函内容。
可以说函电内容是整个业务商谈和合作过程中最为重要的往来交流信息和内容。
它很大程度上体现业务员的专业素养和能力,也会直接或者间接影响到业务员的接下订单的概率。
例如,我们写的客户开发信,回复信。
9.3函电基本流程整个业务过程,函电所涵盖的内容有很多。
因此我们业务员需要将基本的函电流程理清楚。
通常整个流程就是我们做客户跟进的流程。
1.建立业务关系这是开启业务合作的第一步,通常通过不同的客户开发渠道与客户建立业务联系。
如写开发信,产品介绍说明等;2.询价与答疑国外潜在买家会通过询价、索要产品资料和方案来与我们业务员建立合作联系。
这时我们业务员需要掌握进出口贸易的基本价格条件(术语),相关产品方案和技术讲解函电的撰写,并熟悉询价与答复客户疑问的常用句型。
3.报价与议价在解决了产品方案和技术问题以后客户会与我们业务员进行价格商榷,我们业务员需要懂得相关报价术语、议价内容和技巧的函电撰写。
4.接受方案双方经过报价与议价阶段达成一致并协商出双方都能接受的方案。
这个过程业务员需要掌握一些促成合作的函电表达技巧。
5.合同拟定双方对产品报价方案达成一致以后便会进行合同细节的商榷和条款拟定。
这时需要业务员懂得相关的合同细节条款(支付与结算方式、包装、质保、商检、装运、保险、仲裁等内容)表达和签约相关的函电内容撰写。
6.订货签约跟进这一阶段业务员需要掌握签约跟进,款项落实的基本函电撰写。
外贸函电通知函

外贸函电通知函尊敬的先生/女士:您好!我谨代表我司向您致以诚挚的问候,并就近期外贸函电事宜向您发出以下通知。
一、关于货物出口事宜根据我国相关法律法规及国际贸易惯例,为确保货物顺利出口,请您注意以下事项:1. 提供完整的出口货物资料,包括但不限于品名、规格、数量、单价、总价等。
2. 根据我司提供的装箱单及发票,办理货物出口报关手续。
3. 请您务必在合同约定的装运期内将货物装船,以免产生滞港费等额外费用。
4. 货物装船后,请及时提供装船通知,以便我司及时办理保险和结汇手续。
二、关于支付事宜为保障双方权益,请您注意以下事项:1. 我司将按照合同约定的付款方式及付款期限向您支付款项。
2. 请您在收到我司支付的款项后,及时办理发货手续,以确保货物顺利出运。
3. 若您在合同约定的付款期限内未能收到款项,请及时与我司联系,以便核实原因并解决问题。
三、关于售后服务事宜为提供优质的售后服务,请您注意以下事项:1. 若您在货物使用过程中发现质量问题,请及时与我司联系,并提供相关证明材料。
2. 我司将根据实际情况为您提供相应的解决方案,包括但不限于退货、换货、维修等。
3. 请您在收到解决方案后,按照我司的要求进行操作,以确保问题得到及时解决。
四、关于沟通与协作为促进双方业务顺利进行,请您注意以下事项:1. 请保持与我司的日常沟通,以便及时了解货物出口进度、支付情况等信息。
2. 若您有任何疑问或建议,请随时与我司联系,我们将竭诚为您解答和处理。
3. 在合作过程中,请遵守我国法律法规,遵循国际贸易惯例,共同维护双方合法权益。
感谢您一直以来对我司的支持与信任,我们将继续为您提供专业、高效的服务,共创美好未来!祝商祺!顺祝商祺![您的名字][您的职位][公司名称][联系方式][日期]。
外贸函电常用范文

外贸函电常用范文
我们很高兴地通知您,我们的新产品已经准备好,我们相信这些产品将会满足您的需求并为您的业务带来更多的机会。
我们特意为您提供了一份产品目录,希望您能够找到您感兴趣的产品。
我们的产品包括但不限于:服装、鞋类、箱包、家居用品、工艺品等。
我们的产品质量得到了国际认证,并且我们有专业的质量控制团队来确保每一个产品都符合最高标准。
此外,我们还提供定制服务,如果您有特殊需求,我们可以根据您的要求进行定制生产。
我们相信我们的产品和服务一定能够满足您的需求,并且我们期待与您建立长期合作关系。
我们诚挚地邀请您来参观我们的工厂,您可以亲自了解我们的生产流程和质量管理体系。
我们相信这将有助于您更好地了解我们的产品和服务,并且有助于我们建立更紧密的合作关系。
如果您对我们的产品和服务有任何疑问或者需要更多的信息,请随时与我们联系。
我们的销售团队将会竭诚为您服务,并且尽快回复您的邮件。
最后,我们再次感谢您对我们的关注和支持,我们期待与您建立长期的合作关系,并且共同发展壮大我们的业务。
祝好!
此致
敬礼
(您的名字)
(您的公司名称)
(日期)。
外贸英语函电范文大全

外贸英语函电范文大全外贸函电包括许多种格式,外贸工作的人们写好一封好的外语函电很重要。
接下来小编为大家整理了外贸英语函电范文大全,欢迎大家阅读。
外贸英语函电范文:运输篇INDIGO CMPANY LIMITED85 Victory Street, ManilaThe PhilippinessTel: 63-2-68000 Fax: 63-2-58000113 June 200#Mr. Li MingyangExport ManagerUnitech M & T Co. Ltd963 Tianmu Road, 14th FloorShanghai 200070ChinaDear Mr. Li:Our order No.3979: 50 Electric DrillsAs it is now more than two months since we opened a letter of credit in your favor, We should like to know exactly when you could arrange shipment of the goods. Your prompt response will be highly appreciated.Sincerely.Marco FillmoreManaging Director外贸英语函电范文:包装篇Forward Bicycle Co. Ltd987 Jiangnan Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaTel: (0520) 500000 Fax : (0520) 500001 Zip Code: 215300February 1, 199#Gulf Commercial CenterP. O. Box 376Abu DhabiU. A. EAttention : Mr. Y. MohammedDear sirs,The 12,000 cycles you ordered will be ready for dispatch by 17th December. Since you require them for onward shipment to Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman and Qatar, we are arranging for them to be packed in seaworthy containers.Each bicycle is enclosed in a corrugated cardboard pack, and 20 are banned together and wrapped in sheet plastic. A container holds 240 cycles; the whole cargo would therefore comprise 50 containers, each weighing 8 tons. Dispatch can be made from our works by rail to be forwarded from Shanghai harbour. The freight charges from works to Shanghai are US$80 per container, totally US$4.000 for this cnsignment, excluding container hire, which will be charged to your account.Please let us have your delivery instruction.Yours faithfully,Kang ZhuangGeneral Manager外贸英语函电范文:保险篇GLOBAL INSURANCE(ASIN)LTD.5th Floor, 600 Xinshiji Boulevard, Pudong, Shanghai 200120 The People's Republic of ChinaTel: (021) 5000000 Fax: (021) 500000124 November 200#Miss. Liao WenLiaison OfficeGanjiang Potteries Ltd.Shanghai Representative Office444 Jingling Road #202Dear Miss Liao:I am sending the claims form you requested in your fax of 23 November 199- and we will consider the matter once we have full details.I think I ought to point out that this is the fourth time you have claimed on a shipment. Thought I appreciate that your products are fragile, and that in each case the goods have been shipped clean, it would be in your interest to consider new methods of packing. I agree that the claims have been comparatively small, but in future you will have to ask your customers to hold consignments for our inspection to determine the cause of damage. I should also mention that further claims affect your premium when the policy is renewed.Yours sincerelyDaniel CookeGreater China. Region。
外贸英语函电范文(推荐十篇)

外贸英语函电范文(推荐十篇)外贸英语函电范文(篇一)Exporter Writes to Importer出口商给进口商的信(1)Dear Sirs,Your firm has been recommended to us by John Morris&Co., with whom we have done business for many years.We specialize in the exportation of Chinese Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals, which have enjoyed great popularity in world market. We enclose a copy of our catalogue for your reference and hope that you would contact us if any item is interesting to you.We hope you will give us an early reply.Yours faithfully,Notesin 专门(从事),专门(经营)We specialize in the import an export of Arts and Crafts. 我们专门经营工艺品的进出口。
n. 常用复数,化工产品、化学制品 (=chemical products)n. 药品,药剂,成药great popularity 享有盛誉类似的表达方法有:The goods are most popular with our customers.The goods have commanded a good market.The goods are selling fast (or enjoy fast sales).The goods are universally acknowledged.The goods are unanimously acclaimed by our customers.“畅销品〞有如下表达法:ready seller;quick seller;quick-selling product.Judging from our experience in marketing our garden tools in Australia, we are rather confident that they will soon become quick-selling products in your market. 根据我们在澳大利亚销售园林工具的经验,我们相信这些产品将很快在你方市场上成为畅销品。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
附件2:湖南农业大学课程论文封面及基本格式湖南农业大学课程论文学院:外国语学院班级:08级2班姓名:付婧学号:200841327230 课程论文题目:模糊语言在外贸英文信函中的运用课程名称:外贸函电评阅成绩:评阅意见:成绩评定教师签名:日期:2011年11月28日模糊语言在外贸英文信函中的运用学生:付婧(外国语学院08级英语(2)班,学号200841327230)摘要:本文通过举例展示模糊语言在外贸英文信函中的运用,旨在研究如何正确使用模糊语,使其达到有效地调节贸易双方紧张关系、缓和尴尬局面、进行自我保护、体现对对方的礼貌,形成保护贸易双方的经济利益,促成互赢的局面。
关键词:模糊语言;商务英语写作;语境作为语言学研究的一个领域,模糊语言已引起广泛的讨论。
“模糊”指的一种不确定性。
模糊语言具有模棱两可的含蓄特征。
在国际商务交际过程中,通常会因某种原因,例如没有确切事实或数据,或是为了避免表述过于清楚具体,或是认为没有必要详细表述具体细节,说话者有目的地运用语言在语义上的内在不确定性来满足自己的要求。
运用模糊语言表达作为一种策略手段和语言技巧在函电写作中常发挥着意想不到的积极作用,它可以对细节进行淡化描述,使表达的信息模糊,有较大的回旋余地,能够利于在贸易中争取主动。
一、模糊语言1965年查德教授(L.Zadeh)出版了其代表作《模糊集》,标志着模糊言语学的诞生。
由于“语言是非量化的模糊集合,具有非物质形态的,非直观的审美构成的特性”(刘宓庆,1986),从而模糊理论被大量运用于分析把握语言本质特征之领域,成为当今语言学研究的一个重要途径。
现代模糊语言学的重要趋向是研究模糊理论在具体语境中的使用。
自模糊学诞生以来,对于模糊性的概念与范围本身就存在着许多模糊认识。
大多数国外学者认为“模糊性就是指对象类属边界不清晰和性态不确定的特征”(陈治安,安旭,1996),那么通常所谓的语言的模糊性便是指语言符号和规则本身概念和性态不确定的特征及它们进入言语活动中产生的模糊概念。
这就不可避免地分成两个不同却又相互牵连的层面———模糊语言与模糊言语。
模糊语言指具有模糊性的语言单位,即模糊词和模糊结构。
模糊言语是指语言表达中的模糊现象,是语言运用中人们可以明显觉察到的那些没有具体含义的话语,是个人在交际活动中的产物,不属于同一语言社团的所有成员(陈治安,安旭,1996)。
前者是后者产生的基础,而后者除包含前者之外,还含有非模糊语言成分。
这里我们所说的模糊言语,是指包括模糊语言在内的所有语言表达中的模糊现象。
二、外贸函电写作外贸英文信函的撰写是对外贸易活动中的一项基本活动。
在国际贸易中,大量的业务磋商和市场信息都是通过信函完成和达到的。
尽管电话,电传和电子邮件已经被广泛使用,业务信函仍是重要的通讯方式。
事实上,绝大部分的重要电话,电传和电子邮件最后还要用信函来证实。
作为专门用途英语,外贸英文信函有着自身特点。
如在叙事时多用直笔不用曲笔;议论时不需广征博引和详细伦理,而是简略概说;说明时只对事务的性质和特点作平直的介绍等。
总而言之,外贸英文信函的写作应符合完整,具体,清楚,简洁,正确,礼貌等等要求三、模糊语言在外贸函电中的作用模糊语言的应用对外贸函电写作的影响既有消极的也有积极的。
(一)消极作用商务英语写作原则中的清楚原则要求写作者将内容清晰地表达出来,以便读者准确理解,因为商贸函电是关于双方商业贸易的凭证性文件,它关系到双方的切身利益,小处亦不可马虎,故此,用词准确,表达清晰是至关重要的。
这与合作原则中的方式准则是一致的。
方式准则也要求语言表述清楚明白;篇章修辞中的晰也要求作者透明准确、无歧义地传递信息。
在商务英语文体中,明白精确的表述确实是十分重要的。
(1)Please amend L/C No.320 as follows: a. Amount to be increased up to US21540.b. Validity to be extended to 30th September. c. The words “Transshipment Not Allowed” are to be deleted. [7]此例中,作者在叙述信用证修改条款时,对其中增加的金额、有效期以及“不可转运”的修正等,叙述都十分清晰,使对方在操作中一目了然,对每条改证请求都必须严格执行,若违背则会使合约无效或承担经济上或法律上的责任。
所以,在必须使用清楚表达的地方如采用了模糊表达,将使对方对写作者要表达的意思判断不准,制约信息的正确传递,容易引起歧义和误解,带来消极作用。
写作原则中的具体原则指信函所要表达的内容应该确定、准确而又生动。
特别是要求对方作出明确反应的信,或是答复对方提出的要求或问题的信,或是报盘、接受等等,该具体的就要具体,避免模糊、一般和抽象。
它也体现了合作原则中的方式准则。
如在应具体表达的地方使用了模糊语言,会使交际效率下降。
请看下面的例子:(2) The Fareast Co. is one of our big buyers.远东公司是我们的大买主之一。
这句话如果是用来答复对远东公司的资信情况的调查的,就不具体,因为“大买主之一”,大到什么程度,不明确,因此最好改为:The Fareast Co. placed U.S.$150,000.00 worth of business with us last year.远东公司去年与我公司做了15万美元的业务。
通常一些意义模糊或一般性或笼统的字,可以引起不同的理解,这就需要用语境来消除模糊性。
(二)积极作用当然,并不是所有的商业信都要具体精确、清楚明白,在某些特定的情况下,不但允许一般化,而且笼统一些模糊一些反而更好。
有时,由于没有确实的事实或数字,就不可能做到具体精确。
有时,虽然有确实事实或数字,但是为了"外交",为了"策略一些",也可以避免表述太清楚,太具体。
有时,为了有意识地让对方发表或形成他的意见,或者这些具体事实或数字说不说都无关紧要,也可以使用模糊的表达。
总之,应视具体的语境而定,该明白精确的就要明白精确,不该太清楚具体的地方就笼统含糊一些。
在某些场合适当地用一些模糊表达,将起到积极的效果,如:(3)We have received your letter of July 15 and very much regret the delay which has occurred in the execution of your Order No.764. This was occasioned by a serious breakdown in our supplier's machinery, in consequence of which all their work was brought to a standstill for several days. The damage, however, has been required, and we can assure you we will lose no time in the prompt delivery of the goods. You may expect to receive the goods by the25th. We regret the inconvenience you have sustained.[3] 此例中,“for several days”,“prompt delivery”都是意思表达得较为模糊,“几天”,“即刻发货”并未具体指出多少天和何时发货,这样说可能是由于没有必要将耽搁了几天具体说出;几时几刻发货目前还不能确切地知道,若说得太具体,反而不好操作,因为意外的情况是有可能发生的。
但“lose no time”一词已表达了供货方急切的心情,可让对方放心,且后面又告诉了对方可收货的日期,故前面虽然未明示发货日期,但收信方仍可感到满意。
(4)If other buyers in the territory of exclusivity insist on buying the above-mentioned goods directly from party A other than purchasing them from party B, party A may sell the goods to them on condition that the prices quoted shall be higher than those to party B.此句中“be higher than”并未指出高多少,是比较模糊的表达。
具体要高多少,需由party A根据实际情况去定, party B此处只是提出要求而已。
因此,商务英语中模糊表达对调节贸易双方紧张关系、缓和尴尬局面、进行自我保护、体现对对方的礼貌是具有相当积极的意义的。
四、模糊语言在外贸函电中的正确使用上文我们讨论了模糊语言在商务英语写作中既有消极的作用又有积极的作用,如何避免其消极的一面,发挥其积极的一面呢?也就是说,商务英语写作中如何正确判断什么时候、什么场合必须给出精确的信息,什么时候、什么地方应该采用模糊表达呢?我们可以借助语境来把握。
模糊语言可不可以用,模糊度是否恰当,放在语境中便可知道。
语境是把握模糊度的最好标尺。
(5)Shipping Advice: We hereby inform you that the goods with value of USD34000. 00 under your Purchase Order No.99PE102 and our Commercial Invoice No. 2000-17 was shipped from the delivery port: Shanghai to your port: Hamburg by “East wind” steamer on Nov. 21, 2000.在以上装船通知中,对货物的金额,客户的定单号,卖方的商业发票号,装船港,目的港,船名以及装船日期都进行了清楚的表述,使对方一目了然,方便客户及时提货,体现了卖方细致周到的服务,给客户留下好的印象。
因此,这种场合下精确的表述是十分必要的。
商务英语中模糊语言表达一般出现在以下场合:1)不想说明详情时;2)缺少具体信息时;3)自我保护时;4)表达礼貌时;5)劝导对方时。
此时采用模糊表述,将达到积极、良好的效果。
例如:(6)We are sorry to learn that the shipment of your order of March 2, when having reached you,did not correspond with your order.We have had our records gone over thoroughly and are not able to find where the mistake crept in.However, the matter must be straightened out to your satisfaction at once. We just ask for a few days to deal with this matter. Return at our expense the goods, which you have received. Just as soon as they reach the house we will have a new and correct shipment made up and sent to you in no time.例(6)中,“at once”“for a few days”“as soon as”“in no time”都是意思表达得较为模糊的词语,“马上”,“几天”,“即刻发货”都没有具体说明日期,一是解决问题需要几天还缺少具体的信息;二是不说得太具体可以给自己留有余地。