高中会考宾语从句特训

宾语从句用法详解一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。

有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which副词：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。

例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。

例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was askednot to tell you.2.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap.3.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。

例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。

例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.（二）由whether, if 引导的宾语从句由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。

意思是“是否”。

宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。

例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句1.在带to的不定式前例句：We decided whether to walk there.2.在介词的后面例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.3.在动词后面的宾语从句时例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week.4.直接与or not连用时例句：I can’t s ay whether or not thet can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句1.if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.3.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英语中的连接代词有：who, whom, whose, which, what, 在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。

例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?英语中的连接副词有：when, where, why, how，在句中担任状语的成分。

例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

例句如下：1.I don’t know what they are looking f or.2.Could you tell me when the train will leave?3.Can you imagine what kind of man he is?四.宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。

例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五.宾语从句的特点1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。

2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。

3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。

4.whether 和if 都可引导宾语从句，但whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。

5.如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.1.Can you tell me__________.A.who is that gentlemanB.that gentleman is whoC.who that gentleman isD.whom is that gentleman2.__________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.AnyoneB.The personC.WhoeverD.Who3.These photographs will show you__________.A.what does our village look likeB.what our village looks likeC.how does our village look likeD.how our village looks like4.__________the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That5.It worried her a bit__________her hair was turning GREy.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for6.Can you make sure__________the gold ring.A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put7.Go and get your coat.It's__________you left it.A.thereB.whereC.there whereD.where there参考答案及详解1.C。

名词性从句要用陈述句语序。

2.C。

搞清题干中的句子结构是解答该题的关键所在。

分析后,可以看到,该句有两个非并列的谓语结构,空格中所缺的是主语从句的引导词,这样就不难找到正确答案。

3.B。

由题干得知,空格中所缺少的是可作直接宾语的宾语从句,该宾语从句所需要的是可以充当从句宾语的引导词。

而在从句中,各成分所处位置应按陈述句的语序,这样就可找到正确选项。

4.C。

引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及作介词的从句时,只能用whether。

此题中whether引导的是主语从句。

A、D两项填在空缺处不合句意。

5.B。

that引导主语从句,it为形式主语。

that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,也无实际意义。

6.C。

该题的考试目标有两项。

一是宾语从句语序;二是动词时态。

忽略其中一项便可能丢分。

主句中的时态可以暗示,爱莉丝把金戒指放在何处这一问题同现在事实有关。

故C为正确答案。

7.B。

此题考查选用正确的连接副词。

引导名词性从句的连接副词有when, where, how, why等。

这些连接副词一方面起连接的作用,另外在从句中要充当句子成分,起状语作用,分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因等。

应根据语境需要选用正确的关联词。

此题中where引导一个表语从句,表示地点概念。

I. 从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。

1．I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you.A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether he'll come3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?A. how did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mended5. I want to know _________.A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is lookingC. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _________ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live7. Do you know what time _________?A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leaveD. the train leaves8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are oldB. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are9. The small children don't know _________.A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings10. I can't understand _________.A. what does Christmas meanB. what Christmas does meanC. what mean Christmas doesD. what Christmas meansII. 按要求转换句型。