牛津高中英语模块一Grammar定语从句
Unit4Grammarandusage关系副词引导的限制性定语从句课件高一英语牛津译林版(2020
2. be able to write some sentences with relative adverbs.
必修一 unit 4 Grammar and usage 关系副词引导的定语从句
Restrictive relative clauses(限制性定语从句) with relative adverbs（关系副词）
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
.
Why? The historical issues are the reasons__w_h_y_/f_o_r_w_h_i_ch______ the
war broke out in the Middle East.
Lead in
定语从句除了由关系代词 (who,which,that,whom,whose,as)引导外,还可 由关系副词when, where, why引导,它们在从句 中分别作时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。
4．（2022秋·江苏南通·高三校联考阶段练习）Please tell me the reason
____w___h_y_________he was late.
Discussion
用关系副词填空
5.The school _w__h_e_r_e___ I’m studying is very big. 6.I will never forget the day __w_h_e__n___ I first met him. 7.The reason __w_h__y____ he didn’t come yesterday is not
牛津高中英语模块一第一单元语法教案
Grammar and usage (1)Introduction to attributive clausesThe General Idea of This Period：This period will deal with the Attributive Clause. You will have systematic explanations of the Attributive Clause as well as some exercises to consolidate what you learn.Teaching Aim：Introduce attributive clause.Teaching Important Point：The basic usage of the relative pronouns and relative adverbsTeaching Difficult Point：How to help the Ss to learn the Attributive Clause efficiently.Teaching Method：Deduction to present the usage of the relative pronouns and then some exercises to consolidate what we have learned.Teaching Aids：A projector and some slidesTeaching Procedures：Step1 RevisionCheck the homework.Step2 PresentationAsk the Ss to look at the picture on Page8 and speak out what they may think of.Aftertwo or three students have finished, the teacher leads in to explain the Attributive Clause.T：Quite good! You saw much more than I. I can just see a green team, a football team in green, a team who were wearing green.( Write down these three structures on the Bb.) Look at the Bb please. Here green is an adjective and itmodifies team.Adjective：a green teamPrepositional phrase：a team in greenAttributive clause：a team who were wearing greenAn attributive clause modifies a noun in the same way as adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent.Attributive clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns like which, that, who, whom and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when. In these cases these relative words usually function as the :SubjectThe trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves.ObjectThe students whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.PredicativeJack is no longer the lazy boy he used to be.AttributeShe has a brother whose name I can’t remember.AdverbialThe school where he studied is in Shenzhen.Step3 ConsolidationT: Let’s see whether we can use them freely or not. Two friends are talking about where to go after school. Complete their conversation with relative pronouns. WB Page9.WB Page 88 C1.Step 4 Summary and HomeworkT: In this period we’ve learned about the Attributive Clause. We knowattributive clauses are related by relative pronouns and adverbs. They modify nouns or pronouns called antecedents. Then we spent quite much time in doing exercises. Today’s homework is to go through the grammar we have learned this class and try to get familiar with them. Refer to the notes when necessary.The Design of the Writing on the BbRecord after Teaching:Grammar and usage (2)Introduction to Relative PronounsThe General Idea of This Period:This period will continue dealing with the grammar part: the Attributive Clause. You will have systematic explanations of the relative pronouns as well as some exercises to consolidate what you learn.Teaching Aim: Introduce relative pronouns.Teaching Important Point: The basic usage of the relative pronounsTeaching Difficult Point: How to help the Ss to grasp the usages of relative pronouns.Teaching Method:Present the usage of the relative pronouns and then some exercises to consolidate what we have learned.Teaching Aid: A projector and some slidesTeaching Procedures:Step1 RevisionRevise the defintions of attributive clauses learned last time.Step2 PresentationLook at the sentences on the slide and see how the relative pronouns are used. Ask the Ss to give their answers .The teacher draws thr conclusion:1. In attributive clauses, “that” and “which” are used to refer to things.e.g. This is the story that/which we wrote for our storytelling contest.All my classmates enjoyed the cake that/which I made.The book that/which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.Tips: “That” is more usual and less formal than “which”.2.In attributive clauses, we use “who” to refer to people.e.g. She is the teacher who taught us English Literature.The girl who is the monitor of our class lives next door to me.Tips: We can also use “that” to refer to people, but it is less usual.Do you know the man that is talking to Mike over there?3.When who function as the object, it can be replaced by “whom”. In this case“whom” is more formal than “who”.e.g. The student who/whom we saw at the shool gate is from America.I don’t know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room the otherday.4.We can leave out “who, whom, which” and “that” when they are the objects.e.g. The girl (that/who/whom) you have just seen is very good at English.He likes all the birthday presents (that/which) his friends gave him.5.We use “whose” to mean possession. It usually relates to a person, but it can alsorelate to things.e.g. I sat next to a girl whose name was Danie.The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.We are studying in a big classroom whose door faces east.Step3 PracticeT: Now let’ssee whether we can use themfreely or not. Two friends are talking about where to go after school. Complete their conversation with who,whom, which, that, or whose. Ss’ book Page11.Step 4 ConsolidationRewrite each pair of clauses using the attributive clause.Ss’WB Page88 C2 Step 5 Summary and homeworkWe know attributive clauses are related by relative pronouns and adverbs. Today we have learned the usages ofrelative pronouns. So today’s homework is to go through this after class and try to get familiar with them.The Design of the Writing on the BbRecord after Teaching:Grammar and usage(3)The relative pronoun --- thatTeaching Aim: The relative pronoun "that"Teahing important Point：The special usages of "that"Teaching Difficult Point: How to help the students to grasp the usages of relative pronoun "that"Teaching Method: Deduction to present the usages of the relative pronoun "that" and then some exercises to consolidate what they have learnt.Teaching Aids: A projector and some slidesTeaching Procedures:Step1 RevisionCheck their homework: Page11 Complete the conversation with who, whom, that, whichPage88 C2.Step2 PresentationIn the following cases the relative pronoun “that”can not be replaced by “which”.1.The antecedents are modified by ordinal numbers and the superlativedegree of adverbs.e.g. The first thing (that) we should do is to have lunch.This is the longest bridge (that) I have ever seen.2. When the antecedents are all, much, little, few, anything, nothing etc.e.g. All that can be done has been done.I have little (that) I can lend you.3. The antecedents are modified by any, all, no, the only, the very, the last etc.e.g. You can take any room (that) you like.There is no difficulty (that) we can't overcome.T he antecedent “time” is modified by "last"e.g. This is the last time (that) I 'll give you a lesson.( That can be omitted, but "when" can't be used.)4. The antecedents refer to both people and thingse.g. He talked of things and persons (that) he was interested in.5. T he antecedent is “the way”e.g. I don't like the way (that/in which) you educate your son.Step3 PracticeDo the exercises on the S s’ reference book Page 7.Check the answers with the Ss.Step4 Consolidation1.The poor man ____ lost his money just now is called John.A whoseB whichC whoD whom2.The songs ___ she sang in the concert yesterday sounded ______.A / beautifullyB that wonderfullyC which wellD / nice3.He is the only one of the students who _____ a winner of scholarship for threeyears.A isB areC have beenD has been4.Finally the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.A whichB whatC whateverD that5.He told me all ____ he knew.A whichB whatC thatD how6.Is the river ______ through that town very large?A which flowsB flowsC that flowingD whose flows7. A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A. whichB. whoseC. whereD. with8. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom9. Is this factory _____ you visited the other day?A which B. where C. to which D. the one10. He is one of the teachers who _____ English but the only one of the teacherswho _____ French in our school.A. know knowsB. knows knowC. knows knowsD. know know Step 5 Summary and HomeworkIn this period we've learned about the special usages of “that”. We know that in some cases we can only use “that” instead of “which”. So today's homework is to go through this after class and try to get familiar with them.The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardRecord after Teaching。
牛津高中英语模块一Unit 1 语法 定语从句讲解 .ppt
(四) 关系代词用who/whom不用that的情况
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. There was a Mr. Green who wanted to see you.
关系词 先行 词
人
人
从句 成分
主，宾
宾
例
句
who
whom whose that
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
Company Logo
Grammar
Add Your Company Slogan
---the attributive clause
By Yolanda Ye
英语基本句型
SV
SVO
Iron rusts.
Liverpool won the game.
SVP
SVoO SVOC
Unit 3 Grammar 讲义-高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第一册
译林版必修第一册Unit3单元语法--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句语法精析在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。
一、关系代词的用法1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
The person who tricked me was one of my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。
He is the man who I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。
The old man (whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather.女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。
[温馨提示](1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。
The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday was John’s brother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。
He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.他是我们大家都准备向他学习的人。
3．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她曾经获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
4．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。
Book 1 Unit 4-5 Grammar 定语从句
Book 1 Unit 4-5 Grammar 定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,或代词称为先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
关系词的三个作用：1.代替先行词。
2.引导定语从句。
3.在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
The apple which is red is mind.一、关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，可以省略。
1.who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is my teacher. (who作从句的主语)正在和我父亲握手的那个人是我的老师。
He is the man (who) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人(who作从句的宾语)2.whom指人，在从句中作宾语，不能作主语。
常可省略。
The man (whom) you met just now is my father. 你刚刚遇到的人是我父亲。
The teacher (whom) you are waiting for is coming. 你等的那位老师来了。
3.whose既可指人，也可指物。
其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在句中作定语。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。
Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 没有人要准感屋顶已经坍塌了的房子。
牛津译林版高一英语上册必修一 语法总结
牛津译林版高一英语上册模块一语法总结一、有关定语从句的一些要点I. 只能用“that”的情况1．先行词为anything/everything/all/any/little等不定代词时注：有时all/everything/anything + that定语从句= what+名词性从句（如宾语从句）We’ll do all (that) we can to help you （= what we can）The way he solved the problem was different from what we were used to.（=the way that we were used to）2．先行词前有序数词,最高级,all /any / the very / the right / the only修饰时3．先行词既有人又有物时We talked about the things and teachers that we all knew.4．引导词在从句中作表语时My hometown is no longer a small village that it used to be.(that在从句中做表语)5．避免重复时Who is the person that you want to see.II. 不能用that 的情况1.介词之后The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.非限制性定语从句中，“，”之后Football,which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. III. whose的使用：既指人又指物，替代his, her, their, its及名词所有格(如：Tom’s/the school’s) The book, whose cover is broken, is not mine. (=the cover of which = of which the cover)IV. 先行词为表时间/地点/原因的名词时，用where, when, why还是用that/which若从句中被替代部分：作主语或宾语，用that/which;作状语, 用where/when/why (往往=“介词+which”)1．My sister works in a beautiful city, _where_there are a lot of parks. (=in which)2．The place_that/which_ interests the children most is Disneyland.(从句中作主语)3．I often thought of my childhood, when I lived on a farm. (替代in my childhood)4．Next winter,__which you’ll spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be an exciting holiday.(作spend的宾语)5．Mary had to go to Beijing on business on June15, which h appened to be her son’s birthday.（作主语）6．This is the very reason __that_ you all know. (作know的宾语)V. as引导的定语从句，which指代一句话/一件事1．the same/as/such/so…as(定语从句):先行词前有“such/ so, the same/as ”修饰时，定语从句用“as”引导★比较：such /so…+名词＋as ( 定语从句, as起替代作用，从句结构不完整“象／如…的…”) such /so…+名词＋that (状语从句，从句结构完整“如此…以致于…”)Please lend me the same tool as was used the other day.Mr. Wang is so good a teacher as all the students love and respectMr. Wang is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect him 2．as引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前后的整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句末。
Grammar限制性定语从句
The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.
The building where(=in which) she lives was damaged last week.
When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where(=in which) you have any questions.
12
* 先行词前有下列词语修饰时 定语 先行词前有下列词语修饰时, 引导。 从句必须用 that 引导。 all, every, any, little, few, much, no, only, very, the + 序数词 the + 形容词最高级 序数词, eg. This is the cleanest park that you can imagine. eg. This is the only book that has been written in French.
4
关系代词： 关系代词：who, which, that ,
whom ,whose
当先行词， 当先行词，也就是定语从句所修饰的名词是 人的时候， 来引导定语从句， 人的时候，用who, that来引导定语从句， 来引导定语从句 并在从句中作主语或宾语。 并在从句中作主语或宾语。
I don’t know the man who / that is standing under the tree. I don’t know the man who / that you are talking about.
16
定语从句 关系副词：when, where, why 关系副词：
Grammar定语从句
Grammar：The Attributive Clause 语法：定语从句定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词、充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
因其功能相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词，也叫引导词。
分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose , as）和关系副词(where,when,why)。
关系词要在定语从句中作某个成分，如主语、宾语等。
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限定作用的定语从句。
非限制性定语从句：对先行词或主句起补充说明作用的定语从句，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开。
This is our school where we live and study every day.Find out the relative pronouns （找出关系代词）1. The teachers who are present at our class are all experienced teachers.2. Our class is a big family which consists of 33 girls and 32 boys.3. This is the boy whose English is very good in our class.4. The school where we are studying is very beautiful.5. As we all know, our school is 9 years old.关系词及其意义考点与难点归纳：1.that与which2.对the way的考查3.介词+关系词4.as的使用5.对where的考查6.综合考查考点1：that 与 which高考真题链接：（2007年高考湖北卷第34题）Last night, John was answering the letters ___________________（寄给他的）during th e past two weeks.（arrive）只用that不用which的情况：1:先行词是everything, nothing, anything, much, little, none等不定代词或由不定代词an y, some, no, much, few,little, every, all等修饰时, 引导定语从句用that不用which。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
practice
1.Please read the passage on page 11 and
complete Exercise A & Exercise B. 2. Please complete Exercise C1 & Exercise C2 on page 88.
I. that和which
Relatives
The attributive clauses are usually introduced by relatives pronouns: which, that, who, whom，as , whose relative adverbs: where, why,when.
Functions
How did you come here?
How did you come here?
How did you come here?
I was sent into the sky by a space craft. A space craft is a vehicle (运载工具). It can travel in space. A space craft is a vehicle __________ that / which can travel in space.
这正是我在寻找的书。
The only thing that matters is to find our way
home. 惟一要紧的事是找到回家的路。
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词
who。 如：
I was the only person in my office who was
invited.
As object
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (who) everyone likes is kind. The woman got the job. We saw her in the street. The woman (whom) we saw in the street got the job.
As adverbial
The school is in Shenzhen. He studied in
the school. The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.
关系代词及关系副词的用法
that which who whom whose 指代内容 人；物 所做成分 是否可省略
以下情况，引导词用which，不用that。
1. 在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语 从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which . At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them. 2. 当关系代词后面带有插入语时. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water . Now you can see the two that are still alive .
7. 如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which , 另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重 复。 Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 用that。如： Which is the dictionary that you want?
哪本是你要的字典？
Who is the man that is standing by the door?
站在门旁边的那个男人是谁？
6. 被修饰词为数词时.
我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。
3. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时， 用关系代词that引导定语从句。如： The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。 Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived. 牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。
4. 先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如： We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。 Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 瞧瞧那个沿街走过来的男人和他的驴子。
In the attributive clauses the relative words usually function as the: subject, object, predicative, attribute, adverbial
As subject The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom. The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the job.
物 人 人
( 人 /物 ) 的
主,宾，表 主语,宾 主语,宾语
宾语 定语 主,宾，表 状语
作宾语可省 作宾语可省 作宾语可省 可省
不可省
as where when why
人，物
地点
不可省
不可省
时间
原因
状语
状语
不可省
不可省
Practice
/ that 1.The man who _________stands there is Tom. / that) met is Ms Li. 2.The girl (whom ____________I
They go to the newspaper’s own library to look
up any information that they need.
他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。
This is the very book that I have been looking for.
Where do you work and live?
Where do you work and live?
Where do you work and live?
Where do you work and live?
It is a space capsule.
space capsule
I work and live in a space capsule. Space capsule is a place ______ where an astronaut works and lives.
when my brother 7. I still remember the day ______ join the army. where he worked 8. This is the factory ______ last year why he didn't attend 9. The reason _______ the meeting was that he was ill. As we all know, smoking is harmful to 10. ______ one's health .
I am an astronaut. An astronaut is a person. He works and travels in space.
An astronaut is a person.who He works and travels in space.
How did you come here?
3. 先行词本身是that, 宜用which . What's that which she is looking at? 4. 先行词是those+复数名词. A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 5. 当关系代词的前面有介词时. Is this the room in which Mr. White lives? 6. 在非限制性定语从句中. More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country.
Harry Potter
a brave boy
a boy with glasses
a boy who is brave and wearing glasses Attributive 定语
(用来修饰名词的成分)
Who are you?
Who are you?
Who are you?
Who are you?
whose 3.The boy ________watch was lost is Tom. 4.The book which/that _________lies on the desk is his. / that) 5.The pen(which ___________you bought is good. whose 6.The magazine ________cover is red is nice.