人教版新目标九年级英语Unit 13 知识点及练习
Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth.知识点及练习 Section A知识点 1. try v. 试图，努力，尝试 用法：try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try one's best (to do sth.) = do one's best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力(做某事) 短语：try on 试穿 try out 试用，参加选拔 have a try 尝试，试一下 let me try 让我试一下 2.the earth 地球，表示世界上独一无二的事物前面要加定冠词the。 短语：on the earth 在地球上 on earth 究竟，到底 3. pollution n.污染，污染物 →pollute v. 污染→ polluted adj.被污染的 短语：air pollution 大气污染，空气污染 noise pollution 噪音污染 water pollution 水污染 4. litter v. 扔垃圾 n.垃圾= rubbish = trash 短语：take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 throw rubbish / litter 扔垃圾 5. the bottom of… …的底部 the top of … …的顶部 6. be full of = be filled with 充满…… 7. play a part 参与…；起作用 play a part in “在…方面起作用；参与…”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 8.cut短语 cut down 减少，把……砍倒 cut in 插话 cut off 切断；断绝 cut up 切碎 cut out 删除 9. instead of 介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。 instead 副词，常位于句末。位于句首时，其后有逗号。 10. It’s good for health and it doesn't cost anything! (P98) 11.be good for 对……有益，反义词组be bad for。 be good at 擅长”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义词组do well in。 be good with “善于应付……”。 be good to “对……友好”, 同义词组be friendly to。 12. cost 主语是物， sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 某事物花费了某人一些钱 spend主语是人，sb. spend(s) time/money on sth. 某人花费时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend(s) time/money (in) doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 pay主语是人，sb. pay(s) some money for sth. 某人为某物支付金钱 take多表示花费时间，It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人一些时间 13. make a (big/ much) difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某事物有(大)影响/有关系 14. lead to 导致；引起 lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事 15. not only…but also…若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即“就近一致原则”。 如果连接两个两句，并且not only放在句首时，not only引导的分句要用部分倒装结构，but also引导的分句不用倒装结构。 16. harmful adj. 有害的，不利的 be harmful to = do harm to 对……有害 17. hear of/about 听说 hear from 收到某人来信 hear 听到 (强调结果) listen to 听(强调动作) 18 .be popular in… 在…范围内受欢迎 be popular with sb.受某人欢迎 19. percent n. 百分之… , 单复数相同。 the percent of +名词 做主语时，谓语动词要和of后的名词保持一致。 20. in (great) danger 在(极大的)危险中 out of danger 远离危险 danger(n.)---dangerous(adj.) endanger(v.)---endangered(adj.) 21. afford v. “承担得起；买得起”。后面可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。 常与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否定句中。 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 can’t afford to do sth. 不能负担做某事 22. take action 采取行动 take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 23. reusable adj. 可重复使用的，可再次使用的 类似加前缀re-的单词： return返回 reappear 再现 rebirth再生 rebuild在建 recall 回想 rewrite 重写 recover 恢复 recount重新计算 rethink 重新思考 recycle 重新利用
Section B知识点 1. put sth. to good use =make good use of sth. 好好利用，充分利用 2. build/make ... out of 用……建造/制造 3. turned upside down 过去分词短语作后置定语，意为“被翻转过来的；被颠倒过来的”。 turn sth. upside down 把某物翻转过来 4. be made of… 由……制成，能看出原材料 be made from … 由……制成，不能看出原材料 be made in … 产于……，后接生产地 be made into … 被制成…，后接制成品 be made by... 由……制造，后接动作的执行者 be made up of... 由……构成，后跟组成部分 5. in front of 在…的前面，强调在某一物体外部的前面 in the front of 在…的前部，强调在某一物体内部的前面 6. win a prize 获奖 辨析： win“赢得，获胜”，宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 beat“打赢，战胜”，指比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手 7. inspiration 可数名词，“鼓舞人心的人（或事物）”。 不可数名词，“灵感”。 be an inspiration to sb. 对某人来说是一个鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；激励着某人。 8. work 可数名词，作品，著作 不可数名词，工作 动词，工作 job 可数名词，工作 9. creativity n.创造力,创造性 creative → adj.有创造力的；创造性的→ create v.创造；创作 10. need 需要 (1).实义动词 ，用于肯定句，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语。 need sth. “需要某物”。 need to do sth. 需要做某事——主语是人 need doing sth. = need to be done. 某事需要被做——主语是物 (2).情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中，没有时态与人称的变化，后接动词原形。 由need/must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't/don’t have to。
Grammar 一、现在进行时 （1）用法： ①表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。 ②表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at present, this week, these days等连用。 ③一些表示位置移动的词，如go, come, leave等，常用现在进行时表示将来。 ④下列动词不用于进行时态： 表示记忆、理解或决定的词：remember, forget, believe, decide, understand等； 表示感觉、情感、心理活动的词：hear, see, smell, taste, notice, seem, like, hate, love, want, wish, hope等； 表示占有或拥有的动词：have, own, belong等。 （1）构成： be (am/ is/ are) + 现在分词 二、used to句型 used to意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去存在某种状态或过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 肯定句：主语+used to + 动词原形+其它 否定句：主语+didn't use to + 动词原形+其它 主语+usedn't to + 动词原形+其它 一般疑问句：Did+主语+use to + 动词原形+其它？ Used +主语+to + 动词原形+其它？ 辨 析： used to do sth. “过去常常”。 be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”。 be used to do sth. “被用来做某事”。=be used for doing. 三、被动语态 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。被动语态的基本构成为be +及物动词的过 去分词。 各种时态的被动语态： 一般现在时：am / is / are +过去分词 一般过去时：was / were +过去分词 一般将来时：1. will +be+过去分词 ;2. am / is / are going to be+过去分词 现在时行时：am/ is/ are + being +过去分词 现在完成时：have / has + been +过去分词 过去进行时：was / were+ being +过去分词 过去将来时：1. would +be+过去分词 ;2. was / were going to be+过去分词 过去完成时：had + been +过去分词 含情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词
基础练习题 Section A 1. 单选题 ( )1. —Could you give me some advice on how to lose weight?
人教新目标英语九年级全册 Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth 知识点汇编
【聚焦中考】：Unit13 必考知识点汇编1. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.如果它们的数量降到太低，将会给所有的海洋生物带来危险。
（教材第99页）➢中考链接考查if用法(重庆中考) It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we____to bed too late.A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone 【答案】A【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选A。
2. So far, no scientific studies have, shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them?到目前，没有科学研究显示鲨鱼鳍对健康有好处，所以为什么要吃它们呢？（教材第99页）➢中考链接考查动词时态的用法(十堰中考) Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _____ in Shiyan for five years. A. was teaching B. has taught C. will teach D. taught 【答案】B第1页/共6页【解析】考查动词时态的用法。
根据时间状语So far可知要用现在完成时，故选B。
3. Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don’t wear anymore to make bags.来自香港的杰西卡•王使用人们不再穿的旧衣服来制作袋子。
（教材第102页）➢中考链接考查定语从句引导词的用法(南京中考) The English-Chinese dictionary _____ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whoseB. whenC. whoD. that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。
人教新目标九年级Unit 13 Grammar Focus讲解及练习(有答案)
Unit 13 Grammar Focus及练习Grammar FocusPay attention to the sentences.1) We’re trying to save the earth.2) The river used to be so clean.3) The air is badly polluted.4) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5) We should help save the sharks.1. They are playing basketball.Nancy is working on a new book about stories in schools.Why are you always coming late for class?如今进展时: Present Progressive定义：表示说话时〔瞬间〕正在进展的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进展的动作。
构造: be (am/is/ are) + v.-ing标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now…e.g. Look! The boy is crying.2. used to do与be used to doingused to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而如今往往不做了, 后接动词原形。
be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。
e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock.Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.3. My grandfather built this house in 1930.This house was built (by my grandfather) in 1930.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
人教版新目标英语九年级全册Unit13单元课时随堂练习及答案解析
⼈教版新⽬标英语九年级全册Unit13单元课时随堂练习及答案解析Section A(1a—2d)Ⅰ. 根据句意，从⽅框中选择恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。
1. Look! His face is as black as _________.2. People made fun of Tom because he wore such a(n) _________ hat.3. More information will be found at the _________ of the page.4. Did you read the article about the two _________?5. Tim cut down a tree and made several _________ houses for birds.6. You shouldn’t use _________ bags when you go shopping. Bring your own bags.Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思及括号内所给提⽰语，将下列句⼦翻译成英语。
1. 这辆新车花了很多钱。
(cost)____________________________________________2. 吃太多的糖会引起健康问题。
(lead to)____________________________________________3. ⼤声朗读还有别的好处。
(advantage)____________________________________________4. 这位⽼师的话已经起作⽤了。
(make a difference)____________________________________________5. 记得放学后去趟邮局。
(remember)____________________________________________6. 每个⼈都应该在保护环境中起作⽤。
人教版九年级英语Unit13单元知识点梳理
一、短语：1.at the bottom of the river在河的底部2.be full of the rubbish充满了垃圾3.throw litter into the river把垃圾扔入河中4.play a part in尽一份力...nd pollution土地污染6.cut down air pollution减少空气污染7.make a difference产生影响8.take action采取行动9.ride in cars开车出行10.add up累加e public transportation使用公共交通12.recycle books and paper回收书和废纸e paper napkins使用纸巾14.turn off the shower关掉喷头15.fill the air with black smoke使空气中充满了黑烟二、知识点：1.not only...but also...的用法：(1)not only…but also…意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略。
如：She not only plays well,but also writes music.她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。
He not only writes his own plays,he also acts in them.他不仅是自编剧本，还饰演其中的角色。
He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well.他不仅平时工作，星期日也工作。
(2)若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。
如：Not only you but also he has to leave.不只是你，他也得离开。
(3)若连接两个句子，not only后面的句子要用倒装，如：Not only did he speak more correctly,but he spoke more easily.他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。
人教新目标英语九年级全册Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth知识点汇编
【聚焦中考】：Unit13 必考知识点汇编1. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.如果它们的数量降到太低，将会给所有的海洋生物带来危险。
（教材第99页） 中考链接考查if用法(重庆中考)It will be hard for us to get upin the morning if we____to bed too late.A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone【答案】A【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选A。
2. So far, no scientific studies have,shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them?到目前，没有科学研究显示鲨鱼鳍对健康有好处，所以为什么要吃它们呢？（教材第99页）中考链接考查动词时态的用法(十堰中考)Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _____ in Shiyan for five years.A. was teachingB. has taughtC. will teachD. taught【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态的用法。
根据时间状语So far可知要用现在完成时，故选B。
3. Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don’t wear anymore to make bags.来自香港的杰西卡•王使用人们不再穿的旧衣服来制作袋子。
（教材第102页） 中考链接考查定语从句引导词的用法(南京中考)The English-Chinese dictionary _____my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whoseB. whenC. whoD. that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。
人教新目标九年级英语Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth!知识点汇总
Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth! Section A1.play a part in参与+n./pron./vingeg：I want to play a part in saving the earth.2.cut down减少动副短语cut短语cut in 插嘴cut off 切断cut up 切碎cut out 删除3.advantage优点可数名词have the advantage of有……的有利条件be to... advantage对……有利4.make a difference起作用；有影响make a difference （to...）（对……）产生影响或作用5.not only...but also...不但……而且……连接两个对等的成分，also 可以省略eg: I not only play tennis but (also) practise shootingeg: Not only Mr. Li but （also）his son loves the movie.连接两个主语时，就近原则eg:Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports6.harmful有害的do harm to对……造成伤害eg: Smoking will do harm to your health.be harmful to对…… 有害eg: Don't read in the sun. It is harmful to your eyes7.the number of……的数量eg：The number of girls in our class is 30辨析a number of许多接可数名词复数谓语动词用复数形式the number of……的数量接可数名词复数谓语动词用单三形式8.be against...反对反：be for...支持……eg: I am not against your idea. Instead, I'm for you9.现在进行时与now, at the moment, right now, these days...连用eg：She is watching TV now.现在进行时表将来与come，go，arrive，leave，start等动词连用eg: I’m leaving tomorrow10.现在完成时构成助动词have/has+ 动词的过去分词eg: Have you ever been to Japan ？固定结构have/has been to曾经去过某地，现在已不在某地eg: I have been to the USA twice.have/has gone to去某地了，可能在途中，也可能到了那里，总之人不在说话处eg: —Where's Jim?—He has gone to the library.have/has been in在某地呆了一段时间，经常与“for+ 一段时间”连用eg: We have been in this city for three years.11.被动语态基本结构be+ 动词的过去分词eg: The glass is broken转换主动语态We visited that factory last summer.被动语态That factory was visited by us last summer.感官动词/使役动词变为被动语态时带to主动: I often hear Mary sing in the next room被动：Mary is often heard to sing in the next room Section B1.recycle回收利用eg: We recycle all of our plastic bags.2.throw away扔掉；抛弃eg: You can throw them away if you don't want these clothes.3.pull...down拆下；摧毁put短语pull together齐心协力pull off脱去pull out拔出pull in(车等)停下,进站4.win a prize赢得奖品辨析win赢，获胜后接比赛、活动、奖品beat击败；打败后接人或团队等竞争对手5.set up建立set短语set off/out动身,出发set free释放set down写下,记下6.bring back恢复；归还；带回eg: Please bring back the books to the library.7.creativityn.creator创造者,发明v.create创造adj.creative创造性的Section A1.play a part in参与+n./pron./vingeg：I want to play a part in saving the earth.2.cut down减少动副短语cut短语cut in 插嘴cut off 切断cut up 切碎cut out 删除3.advantage优点可数名词have the advantage of有……的有利条件be to... advantage对……有利4.make a difference起作用；有影响make a difference （to...）（对……）产生影响或作用5.not only...but also...不但……而且……连接两个对等的成分，also 可以省略eg: I not only play tennis but (also) practise shootingeg: Not only Mr. Li but （also）his son loves the movie.连接两个主语时，就近原则eg:Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports 6.harmful有害的do harm to对……造成伤害eg: Smoking will do harm to your health.be harmful to对…… 有害eg: Don't read in the sun. It is harmful to your eyes7.the number of……的数量eg：The number of girls in our class is 30辨析a number of许多接可数名词复数谓语动词用复数形式the number of……的数量接可数名词复数谓语动词用单三形式8.be against...反对反：be for...支持……eg: I am not against your idea. Instead, I'm for you9.现在进行时与now, at the moment, right now, these days...连用eg：She is watching TV now.现在进行时表将来与come，go，arrive，leave，start等动词连用eg: I’m leaving tomorrow10.现在完成时构成助动词have/has+ 动词的过去分词eg: Have you ever been to Japan ？固定结构have/has been to曾经去过某地，现在已不在某地eg: I have been to the USA twice.have/has gone to去某地了，可能在途中，也可能到了那里，总之人不在说话处eg: —Where's Jim?—He has gone to the library.have/has been in在某地呆了一段时间，经常与“for+ 一段时间”连用eg: We have been in this city for three years.11.被动语态基本结构be+ 动词的过去分词eg: The glass is broken转换主动语态We visited that factory last summer.被动语态That factory was visited by us last summer.感官动词/使役动词变为被动语态时带to主动: I often hear Mary sing in the next room被动：Mary is often heard to sing in the next room Section B1.recycle回收利用eg: We recycle all of our plastic bags.2.throw away扔掉；抛弃eg: You can throw them away if you don't want these clothes.3.pull...down拆下；摧毁put短语pull together齐心协力pull off脱去pull out拔出pull in(车等)停下,进站4.win a prize赢得奖品辨析win赢，获胜后接比赛、活动、奖品beat击败；打败后接人或团队等竞争对手5.set up建立set短语set off/out动身,出发set free释放set down写下,记下6.bring back恢复；归还；带回eg: Please bring back the books to the library.7.creativityn.creator创造者,发明v.create创造adj.creative创造性的。
初中英语人教新目标九年级全册Unit 13填空练习(单词+短语+句型)(附参考答案)
九年级英语全册Unit 13填空练习班级考号姓名总分Section A【重点单词】汉译英1.乱扔 / 垃圾; 废弃物（）2.底部；最下部（）3.渔民; 钓鱼的人（）4.煤; 煤块（）5.丑陋的; 难看的（）6.优点; 有利条件（）7.花费 / 花费; 价钱（）8.木制的; 木头（）9.塑料的 / 塑料；塑胶（）10.外卖食物（）11.垃圾箱（）12.鲨鱼（）13.(鱼)鳍（）14.残酷的; 残忍的（）15.有害的（）16.对…...有害（）17.在…...顶部或顶端（）18.链子; 链条（）19.食物链（）20.生态系统（）21.工业；行业（）22.法律; 法规（）23.科学上的; 科学的（）24.参加（）25.承担得起（后果); 买得起（）26.关掉（）27.可重复使用的; 可再次使用的（）28.付费; 付出代价（）29.采取行动（）30.运输业; 交通运输（）【单词转换】1.底部; 最下部 _________ 一顶部; 顶端（反义词） _________2.丑陋的; 难看的 _________ 一美丽的（对应词） _________3.优点 _________ —缺点 _________4.花费 _________ 一 (过去式/过去分词) _________5.法律 _________ 一律师 _________6.再使用；重复利用 _________ 一可重复使用的；可再次使用的 _________【重点短语】汉译英1.把…...扔进…...（）2.参与; 在…...中起作用代（）3.影响；有作用（）4.引起; 导致; 通向（）5.对…...有害（）6.不再（）7.在…...顶部或顶端（）8.食物链（）9.的数目（）10.到目前为止（）11.对…...有利（）12.处于危险之中（）13.太…...而不能（）14.参加（）15.加起来（）16.采取行动（）【重点句型】1.We're ___________________ the earth!我们正在努力拯救地球！2._______________________ air pollution,we should take the bus or subway______________________.为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公共汽车或地铁，而不是开车。
新目标九年级英语Unit13词汇专项训练题及答案
Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth.单元重点单词词组短语句型精练(时间: 60分钟, 满分: 100 分)一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共 30 小题，每小题1分，共30分)1. Be careful! The baby (sleep).2. Mary (go) to the zoo once a month.3. The river has become (pollute) because of the waste from the factory.4. I already (finish) my homework, so I can play now.5. I was (surprise) to find so many people in the zoo.6. You had better take your own bags when (shop).7. What was the air pollution (cause) by?8. Have you ever (throw) away things you don't like to use?9. I have also (set) up a website to sell clothes online.10. Can the book be (bring) back to my room?11. Everyone is (try) to improve the environment at present.12. The teacher often tells us saving the earth (begin) with small things.13. We always save electricity by (turn) off the light when we leave the room.14. Our head teacher told us we had to make a plan before (take) action.15. We should obey the school rules and (be) strict with ourselves.16. I saw two (fisherman) selling fishes in the market.17. Throwing (litter) away isn't allowed.18. He has many (advantage). We like to get on well with him.19. The best (method) to protect the environment is to avoid kinds of pollution.20. The price of these oranges is (low) than that of those apples.21. We should solve the problem in a (science) way.22. Smoking is very (harm) to our health.23. The (wood) buildings look very nice.24. I can't afford (buy) a new car.25. These (fishman) make a living by catching and selling fish.26. Hainan is in the (south) part of China.27. We all support his (science) research.28. This is an (danger) animal. We should try to save it.29. Smoking is (harm) to your health. You must give it up.30. Tom is (strong) in our school.二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共30 小题，每小题1分，共30分)31. Look!There are some empty (瓶子) beside the bin.32. We got a(n) (科学的) result through lots of experiments(实验).33. Those (渔民) lost their boats in the storm.34. The novel is regarded as one of the greatest (作品) of the twentieth century.35. If no one (乱扔) in public places, our environment will become more beautiful.36. The old woman lives in a (木制的) house.37. There is a river at the (底部) of the hill.38. The country is supported by light (工业).39. Reading books in the sun is (有害的) to our eyes.40. I think we’d better meet at the (大门).41. Everyone should obey the l . If you break it, you'll be punished.42. Some tourists throw l here and there. This will pollute the environment.43. There was some juice left in the b of the glass.44. Reading has many a . For example, it can make you wise.45. The tourist i is developing rapidly in China. More and more tourists go to different places of interest.46. I think it's (残酷的) of them to shoot the animals.47. With the development of (工业), it will cause some pollution problems.48. The thief was (抓住) by the police last night.49. You will be punished if you break the (法律).50. (鲨鱼) are very smart animals.51. I can't (买得起) to buy the car, because I don't have enough money.52. We should collect the (可重复使用的) materials in our life.53. I don't like to use public (交通运输), because it's not convenient for me.54. Now the air has become badly (污染), we have to keep it clean.55. I have taken part in an (环境的) project since last year.56. Smoking is h to our health.57. The girl is u , but her sister is beautiful.58. My father likes wearing his (木制的) shoes.59. We should bring (塑料) bags for shopping.60. He had the (长处) of a good education.三、完成句子(本大题共 10小题，每小题2分，共 20 分)根据汉语意思完成句子61. 请别将杯子倒置。
最新人教新目标版九年级全册英语unit13知识点精讲精练【含答案】
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth.知识点讲解一、litter n. 垃圾v. 乱扔1、litter作名词相当于rubbish，是不可数名词。
例句：There is some litter in the classroom. 教室里有一些垃圾。
【辨析】litter和rubbish都可指＂垃圾＂，用作不可数名词，但含义不同。
2、例句：The floor was littered with papers. 地板上乱七八糟扔了许多报纸。
二、cut down 削减；砍倒cut down意为＂减少＂；是＂动词+副词＂结构的短语，其后接的宾语为名词时，宾语可位于down的前面或后面，为代词时，只能位于down前面。
例句：Car owners were asked to cut down travel. 车主们被要求减少出行。
例句：Trees are helpful to us. Don’t cut them down.树对于我们有益处，不要砍伐它们。
【辨析】cost作动词时，常用于Sth cost(s) sb some money. 这一句式中。
作名词时，意为＂花费，价钱＂。
例句：It must cost a good deal to live here. 住在这里一定要花很多钱。
例句：The price of coffee fell so low . 咖啡的价格跌得那么低【辨析】take / spend / cost /paytake，spend，cost，pay的用法都可以表示＂花费＂，但用法却不尽相同。
1、spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：①spend time / money on sth 在……上花费时间(金钱)①spend time / money (in) doing sth 花费时间(金钱)做某事2、cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示＂值＂，常见用法如下：①sth costs (sb) ＋金钱某物花了(某人)多少钱①(doing) sth costs (sb)＋时间某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间【温馨提示】cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动语态。
人教版(新目标)初中英语九年级下册Unit 13
Unit 13 知识梳理02【重点短语】1.at the bottom of the river 在河床底部2.be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾3.throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中4.play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净nd pollution 土地污染6.fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟7.cut down air pollution 减少空气污染8.make a difference 产生影响17.take action 采取行动18.turn off 关掉19.pay for 付费20.add up 累加e public transportation 使用公共交通22.recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸e paper napkins 使用纸巾24.turn off the shower 关掉喷头25.ride in cars 开车出行【重点句型】1.E ven the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.即使河底都充满垃圾。
2.E veryone in town should play a part in cleaning it up.城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。
3.T he air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days. 空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。
4.T o cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。