完整版有机化学专业英语词汇精
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语烷基Alkyl [ˈælkil ］芳基aryl ［ˈæril ］甲基methyl [ˈmeθil]亚甲基methylene [ˈmeθili：n ］乙基ethyl [ˈeθil，ˈeθəl]丙基propyl [ˈprəupil］异丙基isopropyl [ˌaisəuˈprəupil]丁基butyl ［ˈbju：til]戊基pentyl [ˈpentil]己基hexyl ［ˈheksil］庚基heptyl ［ˈheptil］辛基octyl [ˈɔktəl]壬基nonyl ［ˈnɔnil］奎基decyl ［’desəl］[di:’s i l]叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl [］环己基cyclohexyl ［]甲氧基methoxyl ［’metɒksɪl］乙氧基ethoxyl ［eˈθɔksil］丁氧基butoxyl酰基 acyl ［ˈæsil］甲酰基formyl ［ˈfɔ：mil]乙酰基acetyl ［ˈæsitil]乙烯基vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl］或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl ［ˈbjutənil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl ［ˈheptəˌnil］烯丙基allyl ［ˈælil]乙炔基ethinyl [eˈθainil]或alkynyl硝基nitro [ˈnaitrəu]亚硝基nitroso [naiˈtrəusəu］氨基amino ［əˈmi：nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］ 二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [ˈiminəu,iˈmi：nəu］重氮基diazo ［daiˈæzəu］苯基phenyl ［ˈfenəl,ˈfi：nəl，ˈfi:nil］ 苄基benzyl ［ˈbenzil］或phenmethyl [ˌfinˈmeθil]苯乙基phenethyl ［fenˈeθəl］乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl 苯胺基anilino [ˈænili：n]羰基carbonyl [ˈkɑ：bənil］羧基carboxyl [kɑ:ˈbɔksil］联苯基biphenyl [baiˈfenl]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ：mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ［’benzəʊɪl］脒基guanyl ［il］羟基hydroxyl [haiˈdrɔksil]烷氧基alkoxy [ælˈkɔksi］或alkoxyl group芳基 aryl group二芳基diaryl group ［daiˈæril］吡啶基pyridyl [ˈpiridil］三苯甲基trityl[’traɪtl］二苯甲基benzhydryl [benaɪd’raɪl]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl［kɑ:'bæməɪl］三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl ［prəʊ’pɑ：dʒɪl]丙酮基(乙酰甲基）acetonyl ['æsɪtənɪl]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho—［ˈɔ：θəu］间位meta- ［'mɛtə］对位para—[ˈpɑ:rə］伯Primary [’praimәri]仲Secondary [’sekәndәri]叔Tertiary ［'tә：ʃәri］ tert-季碳quaternary [kwəˈtə：nəri] carbon一，单mono-二di-,双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [baiˈkɑ：bənit]）三tri-，tris四tetra- 四quadric-五penta—五quinque—六hexa—七hepta—七septi八octa-九nona—十deca- ［’dɛkə］十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca(完整word版)有机化学专业英语十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca—十七heptadeca-顺式，cis—同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物［]Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物[ˌhaɪdr əˈkɑ:b ən ］Alkane 烷［］Wax 蜡［]Paraffin wax 石蜡arene 芳烃[]Alkene 烯［］Alkyne 炔［ˈælkain]Acetylide 炔化物[］Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物acid ［ˈæsid]Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯[ˈdaii：n］Triene 三烯［ˈtraii:n ］Allene 丙二烯[ˈæli：n］Propylene丙烯［］cumulene 累积多烯[］Enyne 烯炔［eˈni：n]Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷［ˈælkil ˈhælaid］Alcohol 醇［]Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚[ˈi:θə]Ester 酯[ˈestə］Ketone 酮Aldehyde 醛[ˈældihaid]Epoxide 环氧化物［eˈpɔksaid]Sulfone 砜［ˈs ʌlf əun］Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfonic acid 磺酸Carboxylic acid 羧酸Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Nitro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺［］Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物［］［］Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷[daɪ,æzəʊ’ælkeɪn］Mercaptan 硫醇[]Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛［ˌhemiˈæsitæl］Acetal 缩醛acetal ［化］乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇［ˈæsitæl] Ketal 缩酮［ˈki ：tæl]thiazole 噻唑［ˈθai əˌzəul]Dithiane 二噻烷[daiˈθai ən]Aminal 缩醛胺；动物imine 亚胺[]Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟[］nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 醛肟,乙醛肟［ælˈdɔksi:m］Hydrazone 腙［ˈhaidrəˌzəun]Azine 嗪[ˈæzi:n]Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈, 氰醇［ˌsaiənəuˈhaidrin] Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇[ˈi:nɔl]Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯［ˈi：nɔl］［ˈest ə] Enamine 烯胺［i ˈn æmin］Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤[ˈæsil]Acyl fluoride 酰氟［] Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘［ˈaiədaid］Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮［ˈki：ti:n］Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈[ˈnaitrail](完整word版)有机化学专业英语acetonitrile 乙腈［ˌæsitəuˈnaitril］或met hyl cyanide [ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈,异氰化物Amide 酰胺［ˈæmaid]Imide 二酰亚胺[ˈimaid]N—bromo compound N—溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼［］Azide 叠氮化物［ˈæzaid，ˈeizid]Acyl azide 酰基叠氮［ˈæsil］［ˈæzaid,ˈe izid]Amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi：n］Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈[ˈæsil］[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd］Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯［ˈkɑ:bəmeit]Urea 脲，尿素［］Cyanamide 氨腈［saiˈænəmaid］Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺［,kɑ:bədai'imaid] Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯［ˌθaiəuˈestə］Thiol acid 硫羰酸[ˈθaiəu]Lactone 内酯[ˈlæktəun]Lactol 内半缩醛［ˈlæktəl]Macrolide 大环内酯［ˈmækrəlaid］Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子［ˈtsvitəraiən]Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱[ˈbi:təi:n］Lactam 内酰胺[ˈlæktæm］Hydantoin 或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲［haiˈdæntəwin]Hydration水合，水合作用［haɪ'dreʃən] Peptide 肽[ˈpepˌtaɪd］Glycol 乙二醇[]Aldol 羟醛［ˈældəul]Acyloin 偶姻，酮醇［əˈsiləuin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖[ˈældəus］Ketose 酮糖[ˈki：təus]Furanose 呋喃糖［ˈfjuərəˌnəus]Pyranose 吡喃糖［ˈpaiərənəus]Glycoside 糖苷[ˈɡlaikəˌsaid]Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元[əˈɡlaikɔn］Saccharide 糖类[ˈsækəraid］Oligosaccharide 寡糖[ˌɔliɡəuˈsækəraid] Polysaccharide 多糖[pɔliˈsækəraid］Alditol 糖醇[ˈælditɔl]Osazone 脎［ˈəusəˌzəun］Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物［æliˈsiklik］Cycloalkane 环烷Cycloalkene 环烯Spirane 螺烷[ˈspaiərein]Cage compound 笼型化合物Propellane 螺桨烷Rotazane 轮烷Catenane 索烃[ˈkætnein ］Fused ring 稠环［fju:zd riŋ]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀—acetal 醛缩醇acetal—乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基'alkoxy- 烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的-amide 酰胺[］amino- 氨基的[əˈmi:nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］-amidine 脒［ˈæmiˌdi:n]—amine 胺—ane 烷anhydride 酐[ænˈhaidraid]anilino- 苯胺基［ˈænili：n］aquo—含水aqueous水的，水成的[ˈeikwiəs］-ase 酶—ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮[ˈæzəu]azoxy—氧化偶氮—N=N（O)—(完整word版)有机化学专业英语hydrazo—氢化偶氮 -NH-NH—benzene 苯［ˈbenˌzi：n, benˈzi:n] bi —在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷[ˈbəurein]bromo—溴butyl 丁基.—carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro—氯代cis—顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca—十deci 10—1di二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二—ene 烯epi—表epoxy- 环氧［]-ester 酯—ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基［］ethyl 乙基fluoro—或fluor—氟代—form 仿—glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca—十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa—六hexadeca—十六-hydrin 醇hydro—氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo—低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺,酐-il 偶酰—imine 亚胺/iodine 碘[] iodo—碘代iso—异,等,同-ite 亚酸盐keto—酮ketone 酮—lactone 内酯mega —106meta- 间，偏methoxy—甲氧基methyl 甲基micro—10-6milli- 10-3mono—( mon—) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso—亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca—十九octa- 八octadeca —十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a ＄f! Q, H: ［5 n& G—one 酮ortho—邻，正，原—ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂—oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟［]oxo- 酮[]oxy- 氧化［］-oyl 酰para—对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚［ˈfi：nəl］phenyl 苯基[］pico—10—12poly—聚,多(完整word版)有机化学专业英语quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa—磺胺[]sym- 对称syn —顺式，同，共ter—三—tetra- 四tetradeca—十四tetrakis—四个thio- 硫代[］trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。
有机化学术语（中英文对照）
有机化学术语（中英文对照）1.有机化合物的官能团和重要的基团官能团functional group双键double bond三键triple bond烃基hydroxyl group琉基mercapto硫轻基sulfhydryl group羰基carbonyl group氨基amino group亚氨基imino group;硝基nitro group亚硝基nitroso group氰基cyano group羧基carboxyl group磺基sulpho group烷基alkyl group苯基phenyl group卡基benzyl group芳基aryl group烯基allyl group#烷氧基alkoxyl group酰基acyl group活性亚甲基active methylene group2.有机化合物的类型烃hydrocarbon石蜡paraffin脂肪烃aliphatic hydrocarbon烷烃alkane烯烃alkene'炔烃alkyne共扼二烯烃conjugated diene脂环烃alicyclic hydrocarbon螺环化合物spiro compound桥环化合物bridged ring compound芳烃aromatic hydrocarbon非苯芳烃nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon 稠环芳烃condensed aromatics卤代烃halohydrocarbon!醇alcohol酚phenol醚ether环氧化合物epoxide冠醚crown ether硫醇thiol硫酚thiophenol硫醚sulfide二硫化物disulfide·亚磺酸sulfinic acid磺酸sulfonic acid亚砜sulfoxide砜sulfone醛aldehyde酮ketone半缩醛hemiacetaI半缩酮hemiketal》缩醛acetal缩酮ketal西佛碱shiff's base肟oxime腙hydrozone缩氨脲semicarbazoneα,β-不饱和酮α,β--unsaturated ketone 醌quinone 羧酸carboxylic acid酰卤acid halide-酸酐acid anhydride酯ester酰胺amide內酯lactone内酰胺lactam月青nitrile取代酸substituted acid羟基酸hydroxy acid醇酸alcoholic acid、酚酸phenolic acid酮酸keto acidB-酮酸酯B-ketone ester乙酰乙酸乙醋ethyl acetoacetate亚硝基化合物nitroso compound硝基化合物njtro compound亚胺imine胺amine伯胺primary amine,仲胺secondary amine叔胺tertiary amine季铵盐quaternary ammonium salt季铵碱quaternary ammonium hydroxide 重氮盐diazonium salt偶氮化合物azo compound胍guanidine氨基酸amino acid磷phosphine!磷酸酯phosphate亚磷酸酯phosphite膦酸酯phosphonate膦酸phosphonic acid3.杂环化合物吡咯pyrrol呋喃furane噻吩thiophone吲哚indole:卟吩porphine咪唑imidazole噻唑thioazole吡啶pyridine喹啉quinoline异喹啉isoquinoline吡喃鎓盐pyrylium salts黄酮flavone嘧啶pirimidine嘌呤purine#4.有机天然产物肽peptide多肽polypeptide核酸nucleic acid核苷nucleoside核苷酸nucleotide生物碱alkaloid#碳水化合物carbohydrate单糖monosaccharide醛糖aldoses酮糖ketosesD-核糖ribose D-2-脱氧核糖deoxyribose 葡萄糖glucose 果糖fructose糖脎osazone`糖苷glucoside低聚糖oligosaccharide 麦芽糖maltose蔗糖sucrose纤维二糖cellobiose环糊精cyclodextrin多糖polysaccharide淀粉starch纤维素cellulose$类脂lipid萜类化合物terpenoid甾族化合物steroid脂肪fat油oil脂肪酸fatty acid甘油三羧酸酯triglyceride磷脂phospholipid磷脂酸phosphalidic acid~蜡wax5.有机化合物的结构理论价键理论valence-bond theory分子轨道理论molecular orbital theory共振论resonance theory凯库勒式Kekule formula路易斯式Lewis formulaσ键σ bond)π键π bond键能bond energy键角bond angle键长bond Iength成键轨道bonding orbital反键轨道antibonding orbital最高已占轨道HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital 最低末占轨道LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital ' 诱导效应inductive effect共轭效应conjugated effectπ,π-共轭π,π- conjugationp,π-共轭p,π- conjugation超共轭作用hyperconjugation离域能delocalization energy共振能resonance energy给电子基团electron donating group`吸电子基团electron withdrawing group 芳性aromaticity休克尔规律Huckel's rule两性离子Zwitterion6.有机化学中的同分异构异构体isomer构造constitution构型configuration！构象conformation构造异构constitutional isomerism立体异构stereo isomerism构型异构configurational isomerism顺反异构cis-trans isomerism次序规则sequence ruIe同侧Zugammen Z（异侧Entgegen E顺式cis反式trans对映异构enantiomerism = 光学异构旋光异构optical isomerism旋光性optical activity旋光度optical rotation比旋光度specific rotation对称面plane of symmetry对称中心center of symmetry对称轴axis of symmetry手性chirality手性分子chiral molecules对映异构体，对映体enantiomer 非对映体diastereomer,外消旋体raceme左旋体leveisomer右旋体dextroisomer内消旋体mesomer费歇尔投影式Fischer projection 相对构型relative configuration 绝对构型absolute configuration $R -构型R -configuration。
有机化学英语词汇大全(音标,前后缀)
Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸) Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit。
有机化学词汇
有机化学专业英语词汇organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应-acetal 醛缩醇acetyl- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔。
【有机化学专业英语词汇】
【有机化学专业英语词汇】v1.0可编辑可修改有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基［prope nyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷an hydride 酐an ili no- 苯胺基bromo-溴butyl 丁基-carb inol 甲醇carb onyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10 -2chloro-氯代cis- 顺式con de nsed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci 10 -1-di ne 啶dodeca-十二aquo-含水的-ase 酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atri yne 三炔azo-偶氮benzene 苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane 硼烷-ene 烯epi-表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form 仿v1.0可编辑可修改-lact one 内酯-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰octa-八-imi ne 亚胺iodi ne 碘iodo-碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto-酮ketone 酮octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime 肟hemi-半hen deca- 十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydri n 醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高mega- 106 meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10 -6milli- 10 -3mono- ( mon-) 一，单-ic酸的，高价金属nano- 10 一n itro- 硝基n itroso- 亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九-glycol 二醇v1.0可编辑可修改covale nt bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond len gth 键长oxo-酮 tetrakis- 四个oxy-氧化thio- 硫代-oyl 酰 trans- 反式，超，跨para- 对位，仲 tri-三 penta-五 trideca- 十三 pentadeca-十五tris-三个per- 高，过petro- 石油 undeca- 十^一- phenol 苯酚 uni-单，一phenyl 苯基un sym-不对称的，偏位-12pico- 10poly-聚，多 -yl 基quadri- 四 -yne 炔quinque-五organic compounds 有机化合物semi-半compo unds of carb on 碳化合物septi- 七hydrocarbons and their derivatives sesqui 一个半碳氢化合物及其衍生物 sulfa- 磺胺 orga nic chemistry有机化学sym- 对称structure of molecule 分子结构syn- 顺式，同，共chemical bond 化学键 ter- tetra-tetradeca- 十四bond angle 键角thio- 硫代-ylene 撑（二价基，价在不同原子上）v1.0可编辑可修改bond energy 键能hydroge n bonding 氢键polarity 极性dipole moment 偶极矩dissociati on en ergy 离解能electr on egativity 电负性con stituti on 构造physical property 物理性质con tigurati on 构型melt ing point 熔点conformation 构象boili ng point 沸点stereochemistry 立体化学react ion mecha nism 反应机理tetrahedral 正四面体homolysis 均裂cis-顺free redical 自由基trans-反heterolysis 异裂isomerism同分异构现象ion ic type 离子型isomer异构体electrophilic reage nt 亲电试剂stereoisomer 立体异构electrophilic react ion 亲电反应con stituti onal isomer 构造异构nu cleophilic reage nt 亲核试剂structural formula 结构式nu cleophilic react ion 亲核反应octet八隅体英文名汉文名perspective 透视式An gular methyl group 角甲基eclipsed con formati on 重叠式构象Alkylide ne group 亚烷基staggered con formati on 交叉式构象Allyl group 烯丙基n ewma n project ion 纽曼投影式Allylic 烯丙型［的］functional group 官能团Phe nyl group 苯基chain compoud链状化合物Aryl group 芳基carbocyclic compo und碳环化合物Ben zyl group 苄基彳heterocyclic compo und 杂环化合物Benzylic 苄型［的］dipole-dipole in teract偶极- Activat ing group 活化基团ions偶极相互作用Chromophore 生色团van der Waals forces 范德华力Auxochrome 助色团v1.0可编辑可修改Magn etically ani sotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Com mon ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ri ng system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Con jugatio n 共轭Con jugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical catio n 自由基正离子Radical a nio n 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］Aci form 酸式Fluxi onal structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体T etrahedral con figuratio n 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carb on 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carb on 假不对称碳Phantom atom虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Con figurati on 构型Absolute con figurati on 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral ce nter 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projectio n 费歇尔投影式Neoma n projectio n 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomen clature D-L 命名体系v1.0可编辑可修改R-S syytem of nomen clature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则v1.0可编辑可修改Symmetry factor 对称因素Pla ne of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro con figurati on 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo con figurati on 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carb on 三角型碳Cis-tra ns isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compo und外消旋化合物Racemic solid solutio n 外消旋固体溶液Meso compou nd内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Con formati on 构象Con formati onal 构象分析Torsi on an gle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti con formati on 反式构象Bisect ing con formatio n 等分构象Anti peripla nar con formati on 反叠构象Syn peripla nar con formati on 顺叠构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 反错构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 顺错构象Eclipsed con formati on 重叠构象Gauche con formati on,skew con-formatio n 邻位交叉构象Staggered con formati on 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体。
有机化学英语词汇大全
有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbitRoute [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃei mbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学专业词汇-英语
有机化学专业词汇Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emul sification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学术语(中英文对照)
1.有机化合物的官能团和重要的基团官能团functional group双键double bond三键triple bond烃基hydroxyl group琉基mercapto硫轻基sulfhydryl group羰基carbonyl group氨基amino group亚氨基imino group硝基nitro group亚硝基nitroso group氰基cyano group羧基carboxyl group磺基sulpho group烷基alkyl group苯基phenyl group卡基benzyl group芳基aryl group烯基allyl group烷氧基alkoxyl group酰基acyl group活性亚甲基active methylene group2.有机化合物的类型烃hydrocarbon石蜡paraffin脂肪烃aliphatic hydrocarbon烷烃alkane烯烃alkene炔烃alkyne共扼二烯烃conjugated diene脂环烃alicyclic hydrocarbon螺环化合物spiro compound桥环化合物bridged ring compound 芳烃aromatic hydrocarbon非苯芳烃nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon稠环芳烃condensed aromatics卤代烃halohydrocarbon醇alcohol酚phenol醚ether环氧化合物epoxide 冠醚crown ether 硫醇thiol硫酚thiophenol硫醚sulfide二硫化物disulfide亚磺酸sulfinic acid 磺酸sulfonic acid 亚砜sulfoxide砜sulfone醛aldehyde酮ketone半缩醛hemiacetaI 半缩酮hemiketal 缩醛acetal缩酮ketal西佛碱shiff's base 肟oxime腙hydrozone缩氨脲semicarbazonea , p -不饱和酮a , p --unsaturated ketonequinone羧酸carboxylic acid酰卤acid halide酸酐acid anhydride酯ester酰胺amide內酯lactone内酰胺lactam月青nitrile取代酸substituted acid羟基酸hydroxy acid醇酸alcoholic acid酚酸phenolic acid酮酸keto acidB-酮酸酯B-ket one ester乙酰乙酸乙醋ethyl acetoacetate亚硝基化合物nitroso compound硝基化合物njtro compound亚胺imine胺amine伯胺primary amine仲胺secondary amine叔胺tertiary amine季铵盐quaternary ammonium salt季铵碱quaternary ammonium hydroxide 重氮盐diazonium salt偶氮化合物azo compound胍guanidine氨基酸amino acid磷phosphine磷酸酯phosphate亚磷酸酯phosphite膦酸酯phosphonate膦酸phosphonic acid3.杂环化合物吡咯pyrrol呋喃furane噻吩thiophone吲哚indole卟吩porphine咪唑imidazole噻唑thioazole吡啶pyridine喹啉quinoline异喹啉isoquinoline吡喃鎓盐pyrylium salts 黄酮flavone嘧啶■■■ I ■pirimidine嘌呤purine4.有机天然产物peptide多肽polypeptide核酸nucleic acid核苷nucleoside核苷酸nucleotide生物碱alkaloid碳水化合物carbohydrate单糖monosaccharide醛糖aldoses酮糖ketosesD- 核糖ribose D-2- 脱氧核糖deoxyribose葡萄糖glucose果糖fructose糖脎osazone糖苷glucoside低聚糖oligosaccharide麦芽糖maltose蔗糖sucrose纤维二糖cellobiose环糊精cyclodextrin多糖polysaccharide淀粉starch纤维素cellulose类脂lipid萜类化合物terpenoid甾族化合物steroid萜类化合物terpenoid脂肪 fat油 oil脂肪酸 fatty acid 甘油三羧酸酯 triglyceride 磷脂 phospholipid 磷脂酸 phosphalidic acid 蜡 wax5. 有机化合物的结构理论 价键理论 valence-bond theory 分子轨道理论 molecular orbital theory 共振论 resonance theory键能 bond energy 键角 bond angle 键长 bond Iength成键轨道 bonding orbital 凯库勒式 Kekule formula 路易斯式 Lewis formula (T 键 (T b ond 7C bond吸电子基团 electron withdrawing 芳性 aromaticity 休克尔规律 Huckel's rule 两性离子 Zwitterion6. 有机化学中的同分异构异构体 isomer反键轨道 antibonding orbital最高已占轨道 HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital 最低末占轨道 LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 诱导效应 inductive effect 共轭效应conjugated effectn , n -共轭 n , n - conjugation p, n -共轭p, n - conjugation超共轭作用 hyperconjugation 离域能 delocalization energy 共振能 resonance energy 给电子基团 electron donating group group构造constitution构型configuration构象conformation构造异构constitutional isomerism立体异构stereo isomerism构型异构configurational isomerism顺反异构cis-trans isomerism 次序规则sequence ruIe同侧Zugammen Z异侧Entgegen E顺式cis反式trans对映异构enantiomerism = 光学异构旋光异构optical isomerism旋光性optical activity旋光度optical rotation比旋光度specific rotation对称面plane of symmetry对称中心center of symmetry对称轴axis of symmetry手性chirality手性分子chiral molecules对映异构体，对映体enantiomer 非对映体diastereomer外消旋体raceme左旋体leveisomer右旋体dextroisomer内消旋体mesomer费歇尔投影式Fischer projection相对构型relative configuration绝对构型absolute configurationR - 构型R -configurationS - 构型S -configuration赤式erythro苏式threo外消旋化racemization拆分resolution光学纯度Optical Purity对映体过量百分数enantiomeric excess立体专一性反应stereospecific reaction 立体选择性反应stereoselective reaction不对称合成asymmetric synthesis构象异构conformational isomerism构象分析conformational analysis锯架式perspective formula纽曼投影式Newman projection formula椅式chair formmutamerism7. 有机反应的名称加成反应additionreaction马尔科夫尼可夫规律Markovnikov rule船式 boat form直立键 a 键 axial bond 平伏键 e 键 equatorial bond互变异构 tautomerism酮式 keto-form 烯醇式 enol-form差向异构化 epimerization哈武斯式Haworth form取代反应substitution reaction 共轭加成 conjugate addition变旋现象消去反应elemination reaction查依采夫规律Saytzeff rule霍夫曼规律Hofmann rule硼氢化反应hydroboration催化加氢catalytic hydrogenation聚合反应polymerization单体monomer聚合物polymer硝化反应nitration卤化反应halogenation磺化反应sulfonation烷基化反应alkylation酰基化反应acylation酯化反应esterification酯交换反应transesterification脱羧反应decarboxylation 氯甲基化反应chloromethylation精品傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应Friedel-Crafts reactionGrignard reaction 格利雅反应格利雅试剂（格氏试剂）Grignard reagent赖默-梯曼反应Reimer-Tiemann reaction卤仿反应haloform reaction水解反应hydrolysis reaction醇解反应alcoholysis reaction氨解反应ammonolysisi reaction皂化saponification插烯作用vinylogy缩合condensation克莱森缩合Claisen condensation安息香缩合benzoin condensation羟醛缩合aldol condensation列弗尔马茨基反应Reformatsky reaction迈克尔反应Michael reaction诺文格尔反应Knoevenagel reaction加布里反应Gabriel reaction乙酰乙酸乙酯合成法acetoacetic ester synthesis 丙二酸酯合成法malonic ester synthesis 威廉逊合成法William Son synthesis海森堡试验Hinsberg test重氮化反应diazotization reaction偶联反应coupling reaction脱氨基反应deamination reaction维悌希反应Wittig reaction氧化反应oxidation reaction还原反应reduction reaction周环反应pericyclic reaction环加成反应cycloaddition reaction电环化反应electrocyclic reaction坎尼扎罗反应 Cannizzaro reaction 齐齐巴宾反应 Chichibabin reaction 狄尔斯 -阿德尔反应Diels-alderreactionconversation of orbital symmetry考普重排 Cope rearrangement 霍夫曼重排 Hofmann rearrangement 嚬哪醇重排 pinacolrearrangement 弗里茨重排 Friesrearrangement克莱森重排Claisen rearrangement二烯体diene斐林试剂 Fehling reagent 托伦试剂Tollens reagent沃克还原 Wolff-Kishner reduction罗森蒙德还原 Rosenmund reduction 克莱门森还原Clemmenson reduction分子轨道对称守恒原理8.有机反应机理均裂homolytic异裂heterolytic活性中间体active intermediate碳正离子carbocation碳负离子carbanion烯醇负离子enolate anion自由基，游离基free radical卡宾，碳烯carbene氮烯nitrene速度决定步骤rate-determining step哈蒙特假定Hammond postulate能线图energy profile过渡状态transition state邻基参与neighboring group participation动力学控制kinetic control热力学控制thermodynamic control离去基团leaving group 底物substrate 亲电试剂electrofphile 亲核试剂nucleophile 亲电加成反应electrophilic addition 亲电取代反应 electrophilic substitution 定位规律orientation rule 亲核取代反应 nucleophilic substitution SN2 反应机理SN2 reaction SN1 反应机理 SN1 reaction 瓦尔登转化 Walden inversionmechanism mechanism 亲核加成反应nucleophilic addition 亲核加成 -消去反应 nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction 消去反应机理 elimination reaction mechanism E1 反应机理E1 reaction mechanism E2 反应机理 E2 reaction mechanism链引发chain initation 链增长chain propagation 链终止 chain termination9. 有机化合物的光谱Fourier Transformmolar extinction coefficient红外光谱IR Infrared spectra 发色团chromophore 助色团auxochrome 反式消去anti elimination 重排反应机理rearrangement reaction mechanism 自由基反应free radical reaction 傅立叶变换指纹区finger print region 吸收频率absorption frequency 紫外光谱UV Ultraviolet spectra 电子跃迁elctronic transition 吸光度absorbance 摩尔消光系数核磁共振NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1HNMR 谱1HNMR spectra13CNMR 谱13CNMR spectra屏蔽效应shielding effect化学位移chemical shift自旋偶合spin-spin coupling自旋裂分spin-spin splitting偶合常数coupling constant质子去偶proton spin decoupling质子偏共振去偶proton off-resonance decoupling质谱Mass Spectra(MS)电子流轰击election impact (EI)快原子轰击fast atom bombarment (FAB)分子离子峰molecular ion peak同位素峰isotopic peakbase peak质荷比 (m/z) mass-to-charge ratio10. 分子间作用力11. 物理性质 熔点melting point 沸点boiling point 密度density 溶解度solubility 偶极矩 dipole moment12.有机化合物的酸碱性酸性acidity 碱性 basicity氢键 hydrogenbond 色散力 dispersion force 范德华力 Van Der Waals force偶极-偶极作用力dipole-dipole interraction force 基峰<HTML>本站材料仅为本院教师与学生教学所用，请勿它用！</HTML>感谢下载!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考感谢下载!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考。
有机化学英语专业词汇
有机化学英语专业词汇organic compounds有机化合物compounds of carbon碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry有机化学structure of molecule分子结构chemical bond化学键covalent bond共价键hybrid orbital杂化轨道bond length键长bond angle键角bond energy键能polarity极性dissociation energy离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula结构式octet八隅体perspective透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group官能团chain compoud链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces范德华力hydrogen bonding氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction亲核反应物理化学英语词汇19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:31来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛BET公式BET formulaDL VO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent ofadsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force 标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode 标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number 表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess 表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phase change 布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’slimiting equation等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability 等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells 电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization 电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis 丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system 对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate 范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics 分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method 格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy 亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity atconstant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion 化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment 挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces 界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electroly可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation 可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential 浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient 平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity 平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat 热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability 热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature 热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase 渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule 松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics 统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control 完美晶体perfect crystalline完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate 韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery 维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential 液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting 真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number 振动配分函数partition function of vibration 振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution化学试剂和药品中英文名称对照19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:24来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛1,1,1-Trichloroethane(Methyl chloroform) 1,1,1-三氯乙烷(甲基氯仿)1,1,1-Trichloroethylene1,1,1-三氯乙烯1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷1,1,2-Trichloroethane1,1,2-三氯乙烷1,1-Dichloroethane1,1-二氯乙烷1,2:3,4-Dibenzanthracene1,2:3,4-二苯并□1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene1,2:5,6-二苯并□1,2-Benzanthracene1,2-苯并□1,2-Diaminoethane(Ethylenediamine)1,2-二胺基乙烷(乙二胺)1,2-Dichlorobenzene(o-Dichlorobenzene) 1,2-二氯苯(邻二氯苯)1,2-Dichloroethane(Ethylene dichloride)1,2-二氯乙烷(二氯化乙烷)1,2-Dimethoxyethane1,2-二甲氧基乙烷1,3-Benzenediol间苯二酚1,3-Butadiene1,3-丁二烯1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p-Dichlorobenzene) 1,4-二氯苯(对二氯苯)1,4-Dioxan(Dioxan)1,4-二氧陆圜(二恶烷) 1,5-Naphthylene diisocyanate1,5-□撑二异氰酸酯10-Hydroxy-2-decylenic acid10-羟基-2-癸烯酸1-Butanol(n-Butyl alcohol)1,3-丁醇(正丁醇)1-Chloro-2,3-epoxy propane (Epichlorohydrin)1-氯代-2,3-环氧丙烷(表氯醇)1-Cyclohexyl-3-para-toluenesulphonylurea(t olcyclamide)甲磺环己□(对甲苯磺□环己□) PP1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸DD1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S11-phenyl-2-propanone1-苯基-2-丙酮2,2,2-Trichloroethyl alcohol,esters of;their salts2,2,2-三氯乙醇之酯类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S32,2'-Iminodi(ethylamine)(Diethylene triamine)2,2*-亚胺基二乙基胺(二乙撑三胺)2,3-Benzofluorene2,3-苯并芴2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Trioxan(Paraldehyde) 2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,5-三恶烷(副醛)2-Butanol(sec-Butyl alcohol)2-丁醇(仲丁醇)2-Butanone(Methyl ethyl ketone)[MEK]2-丁酮(甲基乙基甲酮)2-Butoxyethanol[EGBE]2-丁氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethanol[EGEE]2-乙氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethyl acetate[EGEEA]醋酸-2-乙氧基乙酯2-Furaldehyde(Furfural)糠醛(□喃甲醛)2-Heptanone(Methyl n-amyl ketone)2-庚酮(甲基正戊基甲酮)2-Hexanone(Methyl n-butyl ketone)2-己酮(甲基正丁基甲酮)2-Methoxyethanol[EGME]2-甲氧基乙醇2-Methoxyethyl acetate[EGMEA]醋酸-2-甲氧基乙酯2-methyl-1-propanol2-甲基丁醇2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenyl-propan ecarboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸DD2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts2-甲基-3-***酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S12-Methylbuta-1,3-diene2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯2-Methylbutan-2-ol2-甲基-2-丁醇2-Methylpropan-2-ol(tert-Butyl alcohol)2-甲基丙-2-醇(叔丁醇)2-Phenylcinchoninic acid;2-salicylcinchoninic acid;their salts;their esters辛可芬(2-苯基金鸡宁酸);2-水杨□金鸡宁酸;它们的盐类;它们的酯类PP-S1,S32-Propen-1-ol(Allyl alcohol)2-丙烯醇(丙烯醇)3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)alanine;its salts3-(3,4-二羟苯基)丙氨酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine(o-Dianisidine)3,3*-二甲氧基联苯胺(邻联茴香胺)3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enone (Isophorone)3,5,5-三甲基环己-2-烯酮(异佛尔酮)3.4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA)3,4-亚甲二氧基乙基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxy-phenyl-2-propanone 3,4-亚甲二氧-苯基-2-丙酮3-Di-n-butylaminomethyl-4,5,6-trihydroxyp hthalide3-正丁胺甲基-4,5,6-三羟基苯并□喃酮PP3-Heptanone(Ethyl butyl ketone)3-庚酮(乙基丁基甲酮)3-Hydroxymorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts,their esters and ethers; their salts3-羟基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts3-羟基-N-甲基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-phenacylmorphinan;its salts; its optical isomers;their salts;their esters and ethers;their salts3-羟基-N-苯甲□***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-methyl-1-propanol3-甲基丁醇4,5-Benzopyrene4,5-苯并芘4-Aminodiphenyl and its salts4-安基联苯及其盐4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶DD4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine;its salts4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶;其盐类PP-S1 4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne4-氰基-2-二甲胺基-4,4-二苯基丁烷DD4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne;its salts4-氰基-2-二甲氨基-4,4-二苯基丁烷;其盐类PP-S14-Epianhydrotetracycline4-差向脱水四环素AT4-Epitetracycline4-差向四环素AT 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenathrene4H-环戊[def]菲4-Methoxysalicyladehyde4-甲氧基水杨酸4-Methyl aminorex4-甲基阿米雷司DD4-methylthioamphetamine4-甲硫苯胺(4-甲硫安非他明)DD4-Nitrodiphenyl4-硝基联苯4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸乙酯DD4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester;its salts去甲□替啶;其盐类PP-S15-Phenylhydantoin;its alkyl and aryl derivatives;their salts5-苯基海因(5-苯基乙内□□);其烷其烷基与芬香基的衍生物;它们的盐类PP-S1,S39,10-Dihydroanthracene9,10-二氢□Abciximab阿昔单抗PP-S1,S3ABO grouping ABO分型absorbed dose吸收剂量absorption technique吸收法abundance ratio含量比例Acamprosate;its salts阿坎酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acarbose;its salts阿卡波糖;其盐类PP-S1,S3acaricide刹□剂acceleration加速；加速度acceleration of gravity重力加速度acceleration scuff加速擦印Acceptable Daily Intake[ADI]日容许摄入量accessibility可达性accreditation认可；认证accumulated dose累积剂量Acebutolol;its salts醋丁洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acemetacin,its salts阿西美卒;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acenaphthene二氢□Acenaphthylene□Acetaldehyde乙醛Acetanilide乙□苯胺Acetanilide;alkyl acetanilides乙□苯胺;烷基乙□苯胺类PP-S1,S2,S3Acetazolamide乙□唑胺Acetic acid醋酸(乙酸)Acetic anhydride醋酐；酸酐Acetohexamide醋磺己□PP-S1,S3Acetone丙酮Acetonitrile乙□Acetorphine;its salts;its esters and ethers; their salts乙□氧戊甲***;其盐类;其酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S3Acetrizoic acid醋碘苯酸PP-S1,S3Acetyl chloride乙□氯Acetylcarbromal乙□阿达林PP-S1,S3 Acetyldihydrocodeine醋氢可待因DD Acetyldihydrocodeine;its salts醋氢可待因;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acetylene乙炔Aciclovir;its salts阿昔洛韦;其盐类PP-S1,S3acid酸acid digestion酸消化acid phosphatase酸性磷酸□acid purification system酸净化系统；酸再生系统acid rain酸雨acid strength酸强度acid value酸价acidic酸性acidic dyes酸性色料acidosis酸中毒Acipimox;its salts阿西莫司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acitretin;its salts;its esters阿维A;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3Aclarubicin阿柔比星ATAconite,alkaloids of乌头生物硷PP Aconitine乌头□PPAcrivastine阿伐斯汀PPAcrylic acid丙烯酸Acrylonitrile丙烯□Actinium[Ac]锕Actinomycin放线菌素ATactivated charcoal tube活性碳采样管activited carbon活性碳activity concentration活度浓度acute exposure急性照射量(放射) Adapalene;its salts;its esters阿达帕林;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3addiction瘾；癖嗜additives添加物；添加剂(食物)adhesion tester粘性测试器Adipidone胆影酸Administration Headquarters行政总部Administration Section行政部Adrenaline肾上腺素Adriamycin阿霉素ATadsorption technique吸附法adulterant搀杂物adulteration掺加；掺杂aerosol气溶胶；烟雾剂；浮质Aesculetin秦皮乙素Aesculin秦皮甲素Aflatoxins黄曲霉素agarose gel□脂糖凝胶agarose gel electrophoresis□脂糖凝胶电泳agglutinates凝集物agglutination凝集作用Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance除害剂条例agrochemical农用化学品Air Chemistry Section空气化验组air particulate空气粒子；大气粒子Air Pollution Control Ordinance空气污染管制条例airborne particle counter空气粒子计数器Alclofenac;its complexes阿氯芬酸;其复合物PP-S1,S3alcohol酒精Alcohol,denatured变性醇(食物) alcoholic strength酒精度Alcuronium;its salts双烯丙毒马钱硷类;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aldesleukin阿地白介素PP-S1,S3Aldrin氯甲桥□Alendronic acid;its salts阿仑膦酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alfuzosin;its salts阿夫唑秦;其盐类PP-S1,S3alignment of radical根团的排列Alizapride;its salts阿立必利;其盐类PP-S1,S3alkaline phosphatase□性磷酸□alkaloid生物□alleged father疑父allele等位基因allele frequency等位基因频率allergy过敏反应Allopurinol别嘌醇PPallyl alcohol丙烯醇Allylisopropylacetylurea烯丙异丙乙□□PP-S1,S3Allylprodine;its salts烯丙罗定;其盐类PP-S1Almitrine;its salts阿米三□;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aloe-emodin芦荟大黄素Aloin芦荟□alpha particle阿尔法粒子；氦原子核alpha spectrometry阿尔法谱法alpha,alpha-Dichlorotolueneα,α-二氯甲苯alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide α,α-二甲□基过氧化氢Alphacetylmethadolα-乙□美沙多DD Alphacetylmethadol(?\-Acetylmethadol)α-乙□美沙多DDAlphadolone;its esters阿法多龙;其酯类PP-S1,S3alpha-foetal protein[AFP]甲种胎儿蛋白alpha-Meprodine;its salts阿法美罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphamethadolα-美沙多DDAlpha-methadolα-美沙多DD alpha-Naphthylacetic acid;its salts阿法□乙酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3alpha-Prodine;its salts阿法罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphaxalone阿法沙龙PP-S1,S3Alpinetin山姜素Alprazolam阿普唑仑DDAlprenolol;its salts阿普洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alprostadil前列地尔PP-S1,S3Alteplase纤维蛋白溶□原活化剂PP-S1,S3 altered document经涂改的文件Alufibrate祛脂酸铝PP-S1,S3Aluminium[Al]铝Amantadine;its salts金刚胺;其盐类PP-S1,S3ambient air环境空气ambient dose环境剂量American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists[ACGIH]美国政府工业卫生专家协会American Industrial Hygiene Association [AIHA]美国工业卫生协会American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM]美国试验与材料协会Americium[Am]□Amfepramone二乙胺苯丙酮DD Amidopyrine;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amifostine;its salts氨磷汀;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amikacin丁胺卡那霉素ATAmiloride;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amineptine;its salts阿米庚酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amino-alcohols esterified with benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid,phenylpropionic acid, cinnamic acid or the derivatives of these acids;their salts(except procaine when in a preparation containing any substance towhich the Antibiotics Ordinance for the time being applies)氨基醇(经苯甲酸,苯乙酸,苯丙酸,肉桂酸或上述各酸的衍生物酯化者);它们的盐类(但在含有《抗生素绦例》(第137章)当其时适用的物质的制剂中的普鲁卡因除外) PP-S2(Procaine)Aminoglutethimide氨鲁米特PP-S1,S3 Aminophylline;its salts氨茶硷;其盐类PP Aminopterin;its derivatives氨蝶呤;其衍生物PP-S1,S3Aminorex阿米雷司DDAminorex;its salts阿米雷司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amiodarone;its salts胺碘酮;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amitriptyline;its salts阿米替林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amlodipine;its salts氨氯地平;其盐类PP-S1,S3Ammonia氨Ammonia-N氨－氮Ammonium dichromate重铬酸铵Ammonium fluorosilicate氟硅酸铵Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate甘草酸单铵盐Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Amoxicillin羟氨□青霉素AT Amphetamine安非他明DDAmphomycin安福霉素ATAmphotericin两性霉素ATAmphotericin B两性霉素B ATAmpicillin trihydrate氨□青霉素三水物AT amplification扩增amplifier放大器Amrinone氨力农PP-S1,S3Amsacrine;its salts安□啶;其盐类PP-S1,S3 Amyl alcohol,mixed isomers,with the exception of tert-pentanol戊醇，异构体混合物，叔戊醇除外Amyl nitrite亚硝酸异戊酯PPamylase淀粉□Amylene hydrate水合戊烯PP-S1,S3analeptic回苏剂analgesic止痛剂Analgin安乃近analogue-to-digital converter模拟-数码变换器Analytical and Advisory Services Division分析及谘询事务部analytical column分析柱Analytical Methods Manual(AMM)分析方法手册Analytical Reagent[AR]分析纯anaphylactic shock过敏性休克Anastrozole;its salts阿那曲唑;其盐类PP-S1,S3Androgenic,oestrogenic and progestational substances雄激素;雌激素与孕激素物质PP-S1,S3Andrographolide穿心莲内酯anemometer风速计anesthetic麻醉剂aneurysm动脉瘤angina pectoris心绞痛Anhydrotetracycline脱水四环素AT Anileridine;its salts阿尼利定;其盐类PP-S1 Aniline and homologues苯胺及其同系物Animals and Plants(Protection of Endangered Species)Ordinance动植物(濒临绝种生物保护)条例anion阴离子anionic surfactants阴离子洗涤剂Anisic acid茴香酸Anisodamine hydrobromide氢溴酸山茛菪硷Anistreplase;its salts茴香□化纤溶□原溶栓□活化剂复合物PP-S1,S3anneal退火(冶金)annihilation湮没annual limit of intake[ALI]年吸入量限值；年撮入量限值anode阳极；正极anorexia厌食；无胃口antacid抗酸剂Antazoline安他唑林PP-S1,S3ante-mortem死前anthelmintic抗蠕虫剂Anthracene□anthranilic acid邻氨苯碌甲酸antibiotic抗生素；抗菌素Antibiotics Ordinance抗生素条例antibody抗体anticholinergic抗胆□的anticoagulant抗凝血剂anticonvulsant抗抽搐剂；抗痉挛剂antidepressant抗抑制剂；抗镇抑剂antiemetic止吐(呕)剂antihistamine抗组织胺剂Antimony[Sb]锑Antimony pentachloride五氯化锑Antimony trichloride三氯化锑Antimony,chlorides of;organic compounds of;antimonates;antimonites锑盐的氯化物;锑的有机化合物;锑酸盐;亚锑酸盐PP-S1,S2 antioxidants抗氧化剂antipruritic止痒剂antipyretic退热剂Antipyrine安替比林antiserum抗血清Antithymocyte Immunoglobulin抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白PP-S1,S3antitussive镇咳剂anvil砧子AOAC Official Method公职分析化学工作者协会法定方法apnoea呼吸暂停Apomorphine;its salts;its quaternary compounds阿扑***;其盐类;其四级化合物PP-S1,S3Aprindine;its salts安博律定;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aramid芳族聚□胺Argon[Ar]氩Argon Ion Laser氩离子激光器Aristolochic Acid马兜铃酸Aroclor亚老哥尔arrhythmia心律失常Arsenic[As]砷Arsenic and soluble compounds砷及其可溶化合物Arsenical substances,the following:halides of arsenic;organic compounds of arsenic; oxides of arsenic;sulphides of arsenic; arsenates;arsenites;thioarsenates含砷物贸如下;砷的卤代物;砷的有机化合物;砷的氧化物;砷的硫化物;砷酸盐;亚砷酸盐;硫代砷酸盐PP-S1,S2Arsine胂(砷化氢)articulated vehicle拖挂车；连挂车artificial colouring matter人造色料artificial sweetener人造甜味素as low as reasonably achievable[ALARA]可合理达到的尽可能低的水平Asbestos石棉Asbestos-Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Asbestos-Chrysotile温石棉；白石棉Asbestos-Crocidolite青石棉；蓝石棉Asbestos Containing Materials[ACM]含石棉物品Asbestosis石棉肺ash content灰分ashing灰化Asphalt(petroleum)fumes沥青(石油)烟雾assay定量；含量测定assay pliers试样钳Assistant Departmental Secretary助理部门秘书Assistant Government Chemist助理政府化验师assisted signature辅助签名(文件) Association of Official Agricultural Chemists 政府农业化学家协会Association of Official Analytical Chemists [AOAC]公职分析化学工作者协会Astatine[At]□Astemizole阿司米唑PP-S1,S3。
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) (精有机化学专业英语词汇-ene 烯醛缩醇 acetalepi- 表 acetal- 乙酰epoxy- 环氧酸 acid-ester 酯 -al 醛-ether alcohol 醇醚ethoxy- 醛乙氧基 -aldehydeethyl alkali- 碱乙基烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] allylfluoro- 氟代 alkoxy- 烷氧基form 仿 -amide 酰胺氨基的 amino--glycol -amidine 脒二醇-amine 胺hemi- 半烷-anehendeca- 十一酐 anhydridehepta- 七anilino- 苯胺基heptadeca- 十七 aquo- 含水的hexa- -ase 六酶hexadeca- -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯十六-hydrin 醇 -atriyne 三炔hydro- 氢或水偶氮 azo-hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次 benzene 苯hyper- 高级的，高在盐类前表示酸式盐bi-bis- 双-ic 酸的，高价金属硼烷-borane-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐bromo- 溴偶酰-il 丁基butyl亚胺-imine碘iodine 甲醇-carbinol羰基碘代iodo- carbonyliso- 异，等，同羧酸-carboxylic acid-2 -ite 亚酸盐centi- 10氯代chloro-cis- 顺式酮 keto-酮ketone 缩合的、冷凝的condensed环cyclo-内酯-lactonedeca- 十6-1 deci 10mega- 10 间，偏啶-dine meta-十二dodeca- methoxy- 甲氧基 methyl 甲基 1-6 micro- 10-3ter- milli- 10三tetra- 四 mono- ( mon-) 一，单tetradeca- 十四-9tetrakis- 四个 nano- 10thio- nitro- 硝基硫代trans- 亚硝基反式，超，跨 nitroso-thio- 硫代nona- 九tri- nonadeca- 十九三trideca- 十三tris- 三个octa- 八octadeca- 十八undeca- 十一 -oic 酸的uni- 单，一 -ol 醇unsym- -one 酮不对称的，偏位邻，正，原 ortho--yl -ous 亚酸的，低价金属基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上氧杂oxa- )-yne 氧化合物炔 -oxide-oxime 肟organic compounds 酮有机化合物 oxo-compounds of carbon oxy- 碳化合物氧化hydrocarbons and -oyl 酰their derivatives碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry para- 对位，仲有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构penta- 五chemical bond 化学键 pentadeca- 十五covalent bond 共价键高，过per-hybrid orbital 石油杂化轨道 petro-bond length phenol 键长苯酚bond angle phenyl 苯基键角-12bond energypico- 10键能polarity poly- 聚，多极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution quadri- 四构造contiguration五quinque- 构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学半semi-tetrahedral七septi- 正四面体cis-sesqui 顺一个半trans-反 sulfa- 磺胺isomerism 对称sym- 同分异构现象isomersyn- 异构体顺式，同，共stereoisomer立体异构2constitutional isomer构造异构 Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环structural formula 结构式Large ring 大环 octet八隅体Bridged-ring system 桥环体系 perspective 透视式Spiro compound eclipsed conformation重叠式构象螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子 staggered conformation交叉式构象Octahedral compound 八面体化合物纽曼投影式newman projectionConjugation 共轭 functional group 官能团Conjugated-system chain compoud 链状化合物共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子carbocyclic compound碳环化合物Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子 heterocyclic compound杂环化合物Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子 -dipole-dipole interactions 偶极Ketyl radical 羰自由基偶极相互作用Radical ion 自由基离子范德华力van der Waals forcesRadical cation hydrogen bonding 氢键自由基正离子Radical anion 偶极矩自由基负离子 dipole momentIsomerism electronegativity 电负性异构[现象]Aci form 酸式物理性质physical propertyFluxional structure melting point熔点循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学boiling point 沸点Optical activity 反应机理光学活性 reaction mechanismDextro isomer 均裂homolysis 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 自由基左旋异构体 free redicalTetrahedral configuration heterolysis 四面体异裂构型离子型 ionic typeStereoisomerism electrophilic reagent立体异构[亲电试剂现象]Asymmetric atom electrophilic reaction亲电反应不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳亲核试剂nucleophilic reagent Pseudoasymmetric carbon nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应假不对称碳英文名汉文名Phantom atom 虚拟原子角甲基Angular methyl groupHomotopic 等位[的] Alkylidene group 亚烷基Heterotopic 异位[的]烯丙基Allyl groupEnantiotopic 对映异位] [烯丙型Allylic 的[的]Diastereotopic 苯基Phenyl group 非对映异位[的]Configuration Aryl group 构型芳基Absolute configuration 苄基Benzyl group 绝对构型Chirality [Benzylic 苄型]的手性Chiral 手性[的活化基团Activating group ]Chiral center 手性中心 Chromophore 生色团Chiral molecule 手性分子助色团AuxochromeAchiral 非手性磁Magnetically anisotropic group [的]Fischer projection 各向异性基团费歇尔投影式小环Smally ring 纽曼投影式 Neoman projection3D-L system of nomenclature D-L命Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象名体系Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象 R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命Gauche conformation, skew 名体系con-formation 邻位交叉构象Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序Staggered conformation 对位交叉构规则象 Symmetry factor 对称因素Steric effect 空间效应 Plane of symmetry 对称面Steric hindrance 位阻Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Atropismer 对映[异构]阻转异构体体Enantiomer Puckered ring 体折叠环 Diastereomer 非对映[异构]Conformational inversion Epimer 差向异构体构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象 ]Anomer 端基[差向异构体Boat conformation Erythro configuration 赤型构型船型构象Twist conformation 赤型异构体扭型构象 Erythro isomerSkew boat conformation Threo configuration 苏型构型扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构苏型异构体 Threo isomer象三角型碳Trigonal carbonPseudorotation Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构假旋转Envelope conformation 信封E isomer E异构体 [型]构象Z isomer Z异构体Axial bond 直[立内型异构体Endo isomer ]键Equatorial bond 平 Exo isomer 外型异构体[伏]键Cisoid conformation 前手性Prochirality 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象 Pro-R group 前R基团Retention of configuration 构型保基团前Pro-S proup S持 Re face Re面Regioselectivity 区域选择性面Si face SiRegiospecificity 区域专一性 Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Stereocelectivity 立体选择性外消旋化合物Racemic compound Stereospecificty 立体专一性Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体Conformer 溶液构象异构体Conformational effect Meso compound 内消旋化合物构象效应Cram'准外消旋体Quasi recemate s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog'rule 普雷洛格规则 Conformation 构象Stereochemical orientation 构象分析Conformational 立体[化学]取向 Torsion angle 扭转角Conformational transmission 旋转异构体Rotamer 构象传递反式构象Anti conformationHomolog 等分构象Bisecting conformation 同系物Ipso position 本位Anti periplanar conformation 反叠Ortho position 构象邻位Meta position 顺叠构Synperiplanar conformation 间位象对位 Para position4Amphi position 远位 Pauling electronegativity scale鲍林电负性标度 Peri position 近位Polarizability 三角杂化可极化性Trigonal hybridizationInductive effect 诱导效应Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道Field effect 场效应法Electrical effect 电场效应 Valence bond method 价键法tautomerism 互变异构Delocalezed bond 离域键Tautomerization 互变异构化 Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Keto-enol tautomerism 酮 Vinylog 插烯物-烯醇互变异构 Mesomeric effect 中介效应Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-共振酮互变Resonance异构共振效应Resonance effectImine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺超共轭 -烯Hyperconjugation胺互变异构Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变共轭异构 No-bond resonance 无键共振Valence tautomerism 价互变异构 Aromaticity 芳香性Ambident Aromatic sexter 两可[ 的]芳香六隅Solvent effect 溶剂效应休克尔规则 rule Huckel'Acid-base catalyxed reaction 顺磁环Paramagnetic ring current 酸性溶剂电流Basic solvent 抗磁环电Diamagnetic ring cruuent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数流Solvated electron Homoaromaticity 溶剂化电子同芳香性Acid-base catalyzed reaction Antiaromaticity 反芳香性酸碱催化反应交替烃Alternant hydrocarbonConjugate base 共轭酸Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替Conjugate base 烷共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度 Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度电环Electrocyclic rearrangementElectron donof-acceptor重排化[]complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体 Conrotatory 顺旋]受体络合物对旋DisroatatoryHost Cycloaddition 环加成主体Guest 客体对称Symmetry forbidden-reactionPrimary isotope effect 禁阻反应一级同位素效应同面反应Synfacial reactionSecondary isotope effect 二级同位 Antarafacial reaction 异面反应数效应默比乌斯体系Mobius systemInverse isotope effect 路易斯结构Leois structure 逆同位素效应配位共价Coordinate-covalent bondKinetic control 动力学控制键Thermodynamic control 香蕉键Banana bond 热力学控制Substrate 底物5Intermediate 中间体 Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-lar electrophilic 活泼中间体 Reactive intermediate substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲Microscopic reversibility 微观可电取代逆性Unimolecular elimination 单分子消Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说除线性自由能 Linear free energyBimolecular elimination 双分子消Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作除用Unimolecular elimination through 扭转效应 Torsional effectthe conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消Pitzer strain 皮策张力除 Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Bimolecular elimination through 重叠效应 Eclipsing effectthe conjugate base Eclipsing strain 重叠张力双分子共轭碱消除小角张力Small-angle strainBimolecular elimination with Large angle strain 大角张力for-mation of a carbonyl group Transannular interaction 双跨环相互分子羰基形成消除作用Unimolecular acid-catalyzedTransannular strain 跨环张力acyl-oxygen cleavage 内张力单分子酸催化I strain酰氧断裂F strain 前张力Bimolecular base-catalyzed后张力 B strainacyl-oxygen cleavage 端基异构效应Anomeric effect 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂 Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Unimolecular acid-catalyzed Racemization 外消旋化alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催Isoinversion 等反转化烷氧断裂等消旋IsoracemizationBimllecular base-catalyzed al- 纯手性] [的Homochiralkyl-oxygen cleavage 机理Mechanism 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂 Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙亲核取代型络合机理Bimolecular nucleophilicBorderline mechanism 边理机理双分子亲核取代sub-stitution Homolysis 均裂 Bimolecular nucleophilicHeterolysis 异裂substi-tution(with allylicHeterolytic michanism 异裂机理双分子亲核取代rearrange-ment) Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子（含烯丙型重排）Ion pair Internal nucleophilic离子对Carbocation substiru-tion 碳正离子分子内亲核取代Nonclassical carbocation Aromatic nucleophilic非经典碳正离子芳香亲核取代substitu-tionCarbanion 碳负离子Unimolecular electrophilicMasked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子单分子亲电取代sub-stitution Carbenoid 卡宾体Bimolecular electrophilicsubsti-tution 卡宾双分子亲电取代Carbene6Nitrene 氮宾 Neighboring group participation邻基基参与 Carbine 碳炔Neighboring proupElectrophilic addition 亲电加成assistance,anchimeric assistance Electrophile 亲电体邻助作用Diaxial addition 双直键加成Neighboring group effect Markovnikov's rube马尔科夫尼科邻基效应Apofacial reaction 规则反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏Aryl action 加成芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Michael addition 迈克尔加成Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Substitution 取代Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采Electrophilic substitution 亲电取夫定向代Hofmann's rule 霍夫曼规则Addition-elimination mechanism 加Bredt rule 布雷特规则成消除机理Initiation 引发Electrophilic aromaticAnionic cleavage 负离子裂解亲电芳香取代 substitu-tionPartial bond fixation 电子转移键[的]部分Electron transfer固定化给电子基Electron-donating group02．3有机化学反应团Alkylation 烷基化吸电子Electron-Withdrawing groupC- alkylation C-烷基化基团O- alkylation O- 烷基化钝化基团Deactivating groupN-alkylation N-烷基化 Orinentation 取向Silylation 硅烷Ortho-para directing group 邻对位[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化定位基Seco alkylation 间位定位基Meta directing group 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化 Ortho effect 邻位效应Ethylation 乙基化分速度系数Partial rate factorArylation 亲核反应芳基化 Nucleophilic reactionAcylation Internal return 酰化内返Formylation Nucleophilicity 亲核体甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 亲核性Nucleophilicity 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation αα-effect 氨羰基化效应-Carboxylation 羧基化背面进攻Backside attackAmination 氨基化反转InversionBisamination 双氨基化 Umbrella effect 伞效应Cine substitution 移位取代推拉效应Push-pull effectTransamination 离去基团Leaving group 氨基交换Hydroxylation Electrofuge 离电体羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化 Nucleofuge 离核体Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤相转移催Phase-transfer catalysis化化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化7Retro Diels-Alder reaction 脱卤逆第尔Dehalogenation斯 -阿尔德反应 Nitration 硝化Ene synthesis Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加化成亚硝化 NitrosationDipolar addition 偶极加成Sulfonation 磺化- elimination - Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化消除- elimination -消除Desulfonation 脱磺酸基- elimination -消除 Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化-elimination -消除磺酰化SulfonylationDehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢 Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Deamination 脱氨基 Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除 Diazotization 重氮化Elimination-addition 消除-重氮基转移Diazo transfer 加成Decarboxylation 偶联反应脱羧 Coupling reactionDecarboxamidation Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基交叉偶联 Cross-coupling reactionAlkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 反应烷基裂解加成 1,4-addition 1，4-Acylolysis,acyl cleavage Conjugate addition 共轭加成酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂 Dimerization 二聚Fragmentation 碎裂三聚TrimefizationChiletropic reaction Additive dimerization 加成二聚螯键反应Chelation 螯环化硫化sulfurizationEsterification 硒化酯化 SelenylationTransesterification Hydroboration 酯交换硼氢化Saponification Oxyamination 羟氨基化皂化Alcoholysis 醇解插入InsertionEthanolysis 羧基化乙醇解 carbonylationCyanomethylation Hydroformylation 氰甲基化加氢甲酰基化Aminomethylation Hydroacylation 加氢酰化氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羰基合成Oxo process 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation Decarbonylation 脱羰羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氢羧基化Hydrocarboxylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation Homologization 同系化卤烷基化Transacetalation 氰乙基化Cyanoethylation 缩醛交换Enolization 脱氰乙基Decyanoethylation 烯醇化Haloform reaction 环合Ring clsure 卤仿反应Condensation 双烯合成缩合 Diene synthesisAldol condensation 羟醛缩合亲双烯体DienophileCross aldol condensation 内型加成Endo addition 交叉羟醛缩合外型加成Exo additionRetrograde aldol condensation 第尔斯Diels-Alder reaction 尔德-逆羟醛缩合反应8Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合 Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement Cyclization 环化质了转移重排Annulation,annelation 增环反应Double bond migration 双键移位Spiroannulation 螺增环Allylic migration 烯丙型重排 Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic migration Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应氢过氧化 ]Ring expansion,ring enlargement Epoxidation 环氧化扩环[反应]Oxonolysis 臭氧解-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排 Electrochemical oxidation 电化学Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排氧化Retropinacol rearrangement 氧化脱逆频哪Oxidative decarboxylation醇重排羧Semipinacol rearrangement Aromatization 芳构化半频哪醇重排 Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸多相Heterogeneous hydrogenation重排氢化Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排均相氢Homogeneous hydrogenation Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向化Transannular insertion 催化脱Catalytic dehydrogenation 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 氢跨环重排转移氢化Transfer hydrogenation Migration 迁移 Hydrogenolysis 氢解Prototropy 质子转移溶解金Dissolving metal reductionCationotropic rearrangement 属还原正离子转移重排Single electron transfer 单电子转Anionotropy 移负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子双分子还原Bimolecular reduction转移重排Electrochemical reduction 电化学Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重还原排还原烷基化 Reductive alkylationHomosigmatropic rearrangement Reductive acylation 同还原酰化迁移重排Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电脱氧Deoxygenation重排 Desulfurization 脱硫Photosensitization 光敏化脱硒DeselenizationForbidden transition 禁阻跃迁 Mitallation 金属化photooxidation 光氧化锂化LithiationPhotoisomerization 氢金属化Hydrometallation 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 汞化Mercuration 光化学重排Oxymercuration 羟汞化2Aminomercuration ．4 氨汞化有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound Abstraction ]反应[夺取脂肪族化合物Internal abstraction ]反应[内夺取碳氢化合物Hpdrocarbon9Alkane 烷 Oxime 肟Aldimine Wax 蜡醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物Paraffin wax 石蜡aldoxime 硝酮 Alkene 烯Hydrazone 腙 Alkyen 炔Azine Acetylide 炔化物嗪Semicarbazone Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 化合物羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Carbon acid 碳氢酸Enol 烯醇 Super acid 超酸Enol ether 烯醇醚双烯DieneEnol ester 烯醇酯 Triene 三烯Enamine 烯胺 Allene 丙二烯Ynamine 炔胺 Ccumulene 累积多烯Mannich base 曼尼希碱烯炔EnyneCarboxylic acid 羧酸 Diyne 二炔Ester 酯Alkyl halide 卤代烷orthoester 原酸酯Alcohol 醇Acyl halide 酰卤高烯丙醇Homoallylic alcoholAcyl fluoride Ether 醚酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯 Epoxide 环氧化物Acyl rtomide 酰溴溶纤剂 CellosolveAcyl iodide 冠醚Crown ether 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯 Netro compound 硝基化合物Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐胺AmineKetene Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵乙烯酮Peracid 过酸化合物Perester 氧化胺过酸酯 Amine oxideAcyl peroxide Diazoalkane 酰基过氧化物重氮烷Nitrile Mercaptan 硫醇腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈磺酸Sulfonic acidIsonitrile 异腈 Sulfoxide 亚砜Amide 酰胺砜SulfoneImide 二酰亚胺 Aldehyde 醛N-bromo compound N- 溴化物酮Detone Hydrazide 酰肼醛水合物Aldehyde hydrateAcyl azide 酰叠氮酮水合物Ketone hydrateAmidine 脒 Hemiacetal 半缩醛Keto ester 酮酸酯缩醛AcetalAcyl cyanide 缩酮Ketal 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二噻烷Dithiane 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid Aminal 环氧丙酸缩醛胺Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸亚胺imine 醛亚胺Aldimine 氨基甲酸酯 Carbamate10Urea 脲 Cyanamide 氨腈 Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺 Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯 Thiol acid 硫羰酸 Lactone 内酯 Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯 Amino acid 氨基酸 Zwitterions 两性离子内盐Innersalt甜菜碱Betaine内酰胺Lactam乙内酰脲Hydantion肽Peptide二醇Glycol羟醛Aldol偶姻Acyloin碳水化合物Carbohydrate醛糖Aldose酮糖KetoseFuranose 呋喃糖 Pyranose 吡喃糖 Glycoside 糖苷 ]糖苷葡[萄Glucoside 苷元Aglycon糖类Saccharide寡糖Oligosaccharide多糖Polysaccharide糖醇AlditolOsazone 脎 Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物环烷CycloalkeneSpirane 环烯 Cage compound 螺烷 Propellane 笼型化合物螺桨烷Rotazane Catenane 轮烷索烃Rused ring11。