高考英语一轮复习 名词性从句精讲精练学案 新人教版
高考英语一轮复习名词性从句精讲精练学案新人教版
名词性从句的几个难点
that通常不可省略的三种情况
(1)引导主语从句，that置于句首时。
That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.
他考试不及格让父母很失望。
(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略。
I wished (that) we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.
我希望今年夏天我们能去杭州旅游，并在返程时在上海买些书回来。
(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。
He has made it clear that he wouldn’t agree to the plan.
他已清楚表明不同意这项计划。
what和that在名词性从句中的区别
(1)what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语，意义上相当于the thing(s) that，引导主语从句时，其谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数而定；what引导的从句可作介词的宾语从句。
What he wants are those books.他需要的是那些书。
What he wants is some water.他需要的是一些水。
A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一个现代化的城市已经在10年前还是一块废地的地方建造起来了。
(2)that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义；引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，谓语动词用单数；引导宾语从句时，常被省略；that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。
That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.
(＝It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.)
她不可能拒绝那个建议。
I have found (that) all the tickets have been sold out.
我发现所有的票已售完。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
除了有点粗心之外，他是一个好学生。
whether与if的用法比较
(1)二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导宾语从句可以互换。
I don’t know whether/if he’ll attend the meeting.
我不知道他是否会出席会议。
(2)在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if。
①whether引导从句可以放于句首。
Whether he comes or not makes no difference.
他来不来都一样。
②whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。
The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.他是否入队的问题还没决定。
The question is whether it is worth trying.
问题是这是否值得一试。
③whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll lend him the money.关于是否借给他钱的问题，我还没最后决定。
④whether后可以加不定式，if不可。
He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.
他不知道是该结婚还是该等待。
⑤可以说whether...or引导让步状语从句，“无论，不论”，if则不可。
Whether it rains or snows，I don’t care.
无论下雨还是下雪，我都不在乎。
that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别
(1)that 作为关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，无实义，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略。The news (that) he told me surprised me.(定语从句)
他告诉我的消息让我很吃惊。
The news that he gave in surprised me.(同位语从句)
他投降的消息让我很吃惊。
(2)能跟同位语从句的通常是抽象名词，常见的有belief(信念)，fact(事实)，idea(想法)，hope(希望)，doubt(怀疑)，news(新闻)，problem(问题)，order(命令)，decision(决定)，discovery(发现)，information(信息)，knowledge(知识)，opinion(观点)，truth(事实)，report(报道)，thought(想法)等，同位语从句用于说明这些名词的具体内容。而跟定语从句的名词则范围广泛。
The fact that the transport of the goods cost too much was not discussed.运费太高这一事实没有被讨论。
We have strong belief that we will win the war.
我们对能赢得这场战争抱有坚定的信心。
We have some doubt whether they can come on time.
我们怀疑他们是否能准时来。
1．(2009年江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A．what B．which
C．that D．though
【解析】本题考查同位语从句。句意为：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。
【答案】 C
2．(2009年北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.
A．when B．how
C．why D．if
【解析】句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考查宾语从句。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C 三项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。
【答案】 D
3．(2009年天津卷)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．which
C．whether D．that
【解析】句意为：显然，学生们应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，it是形式主语。as引导定语从句或状语从句；which引导名词性从句时，意为：哪个(些)；whether是否，在此句中如用此词，则语义矛盾。
【答案】 D
4．(2009江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most i mportant decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A．as B．that
C．which D．what
【解析】分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。
【答案】 D
5．(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)Could I speak to________is in charge of International Sales，please?
A．anyone B．someone
C．whoever D．no matter who
【解析】句意为“我可以同负责管理国际销售部的人谈一谈吗？”句中to为介词，其后是名词性从句，而从句中缺少主语和关联词，故选C。no matter who引导状语从句。
【答案】 C
6．(2009年浙江卷)—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport?
—No problem.
A．when B．that
C．whether D．what
【解析】句意为：——你到机场来接我行吗？——没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。
【答案】 B
7．(2009年重庆卷)We should consider the students’request________the school library provide more books on popular science.
A．that B．when
C．which D．where
【解析】句意为：我们应当考虑学生们的要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供关于大众科学方面的书籍。此题考查名词性从句。名词request后的同位语从句句子结构完整，不缺任何成分，故用that引导。
【答案】 A
8．(2009年四川卷)News came from the school office________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A．which B．what
C．that D．where
【解析】句意为：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，news是同位语从句的先行词。
【答案】 C
9．(2009年安徽卷)A good friend of mine from________I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A．how B．whom
C．when D．which
【解析】句意为：在我正要动身去北京前，我幼时的一个好朋友来我家里了。从句意分析，选择when表示从我出生时就是我的一个好朋友。
【答案】 C
10．(2009年江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A．as B．that
C．which D．what
【解析】分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。
【答案】 D
1．(2010届江西高安中学月考)The information will be helpful to________will take over the job.
A．those B．who
C．whoever D．anyone
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：无论谁接管这份工作，这一信息都将对他有帮助。“whoever will take over the job”是介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语。如果选择A、D两项，需要在后面加上who。
【答案】 C
2．(2010届贵阳部分学校联考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate________its price would be.
A．that B．which
C．what D．/
【解析】考查名词性从句。这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。
【答案】 C
3．(2010届郑州一中月考)________you don’t like him is none of my business. A．What B．If
C．That D．Whether
【解析】考查名词性从句。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分；what引导主语从句时充当句中成分；if不能引导主语从句；whether引导的主语从句应是肯定句。由语意可知C项正确。
【答案】 C
4．(2010届济南统考)The media today can draw public attention to________help is actually needed.
A．that B．which
C．where D．whose
【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。
【答案】 C
5．(2010届临川一中期中测试)________medicine works in a human body is a question________not everyone can understand fully.
A．How；that B．That；which
C．What；which D．What；that
【解析】how在句中引导主语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰限定question。句意为：药物是如何作用于人体的，这个问题并不是每个人都能完全理解的。
【答案】 A
6．(2010年郑州一模)—I think it’s going to be an argument.
—Yes，it could be.
—I wonder________we can do about it.
A．what B．how
C．when D．whether
【解析】考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作wonder的宾语，且what作从句中谓语动词do的宾语。其他选项没有这个功能。
【答案】 A
7．(2010年海淀一模)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.
A．what B．how
C．which D．why
【解析】考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词、副词或动词。
【答案】 A
8．(2010年成都第一次诊断)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.
A．which B．what
C．where D．how
【解析】考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。【答案】 B
9．(2010年上海春招)Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know________the company was an established one.
A．whether B．what
C．Until D．although
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：Tina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这
家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。
【答案】 A
10．(2010年潍坊检测)It could be judged from her eyes________she was very satisfied with her performance.
A．what B．which
C．that D．where
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
【答案】 C
11．(2009年石家庄质量检测一)The problem is________we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.
A．when B．where
C．how D．that
【解析】根据句意可知此处用how引导表语从句。
【答案】 C
12．(2010年长春市第一次调研)________you have picked up，you must give it back to________it belongs to.
A．Whatever；whoever
B．What；no matter who
C．No matter what；no matter who
D．Whatever；no matter who
【解析】考查让步状语从句与名词性从句。从句子的结构和语意可以看出前一部分是让步状语从句，可以使用no matter what或whatever来引导；to是介词，后面接的是宾语从句，因此引导词只能使用whoever，而不能使用no matter who。
【答案】 A
13．(2010年西安检测)After working on the maths problem for hours，he found________he thought was the key to it.
A．what B．that
C．where D．which
【解析】考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作found的宾语从句的主语，而且what
在名词性从句中作thought的宾语。其他选项不符合语法。
【答案】 A
14．(2009年皖南八校二模)—I will give you happily________you ask for only if I have. —I like you indeed.
A．whichever B．whatever
C．no matter what D．no matter which
【解析】whatever引导名词性从句且作for的宾语。句意为“无论你要什么，我都会高兴地给你，只要我有”。
【答案】 B
15．(2009年合肥三模)It was not what he said but________he said it that hurt my feelings.
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
【解析】考查名词性从句。这是一个强调句，强调的是主语，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表示方式的how来引导。
【答案】 C
高中英语从句综合讲解
【宾语从句】 在英语中，有简单句(只含一个谓语动词)、并列句(用连词连接，含不止一个谓语动词)和复合句(含从句)。本节课我们复习复合句里面的宾语从句 ．．．．。 如：She knows that he will come back soon. I’m afraid that I can’t go to your party. 1.宾语从句的【引导词】 宾语从句的引导词分三种。 ●(1) 如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that.（that在口语中常省略） 主句：He says... 从句：He is tired of playing computer games. → He says that he is tired of playing computer games. ●(2) 如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether，表示“是否”。 主句：I don’t know… 从句：Does Tom likes fish? → I don’t know if / whether Tom likes fish. 【注意】① whether引导的从句常与or not连用，而if不能； ②宾语从句可简化为whether to do的搭配，而没有if to do这种搭配. 如：Could you tell me whether I should finish my homework today or not? Could you tell me whether to finish my homework today? 【拓展】if有两个意思： 1. 表示“是否”，引导的是宾语从句。动词的时态视情况而定。 2. 表示“如果”，引导的是条件状语从句，时态用一般现在时表示将来（遵循“主将从现”规则）。 经典例题：--Do you know if Tom ____________(go) hiking with us ? --I’m not sure. But i f he ____________(go), I will take many photos with him . ●(3) 如果从句是特殊疑问句，直接用该疑问词来引导。 主句：Do you know… 从句：what does he want to buy? → Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ 2. 宾语从句的【时态】 ■(1) 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 如：She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ ■(2) 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去的某时态 如：He said that she was singing. 他说她正在唱歌。 She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了作业。 Did you know when he would come back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 【注意】格言和客观真理总是用一般现在时。 如：She told me yesterday (that) the earth travels around the sun.
(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】
专题十名词性从句 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如： The only question left is how often the workers are paid. His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating. 【同位语从句】 从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。
高考英语三大从句习题精选(附答案)
名词性从句练习题 1._______ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has been 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _______________. A. where he is most needed B. where he needed C. where he is mostly needed D. where is he mostly needed 5. The early years of the D.U company were characterized by a debate concerning or individual form should have more power. A. whether the cooperation form B. either the cooperation form C. that cooperation form D.the cooperation form 6. Can you make sure _____________ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 7. No one can be sure _____________ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 8. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 9. It worried her a bit _____________ her hair was turning grey. A. which B. that C. if D. for 10. _____________ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 11. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 12. He asked _____________ for the violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
高考英语名词性从句考点归纳
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