关于专四阅读
适合专四读的英文书籍
适合专四读的英文书籍摘要：1.专四阅读的重要性2.适合专四阅读的英文书籍推荐2.1 经典英文小说2.2 英文社科类书籍2.3 英文诗歌集正文：【一、专四阅读的重要性】对于学习英语的人来说，阅读能力的提升是英语学习中至关重要的一个环节。
尤其是在准备英语专业四级考试（简称专四）的过程中，阅读能力的提高不仅可以帮助你在阅读理解部分取得好成绩，还能够为写作和翻译等其他部分积累丰富的素材和表达。
因此，阅读适合专四水平的英文书籍是提高英语阅读能力的一个有效途径。
【二、适合专四阅读的英文书籍推荐】1.经典英文小说经典英文小说是提高阅读能力的好素材。
这些小说往往有生动的情节、丰富的人物形象和深刻的主题。
阅读这些作品，不仅可以提高阅读速度和理解能力，还能让你领略到英语语言的魅力。
以下是一些适合专四阅读的经典英文小说：- 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）：简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）- 《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）：F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F.Scott Fitzgerald）- 《动物农场》（Animal Farm）：乔治·奥威尔（George Orwell）- 《1984》：乔治·奥威尔（George Orwell）2.英文社科类书籍英文社科类书籍涉及广泛的领域，如历史、政治、经济、哲学等。
阅读这类书籍有助于提高阅读理解能力，扩大知识面，同时也能为写作和翻译提供丰富的素材。
以下是一些适合专四阅读的英文社科类书籍：- 《人类简史》（Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind）：尤瓦尔·赫拉利（Yuval Noah Harari）- 《经济学原理》（Principles of Economics）：格雷戈里·曼昆（Gregory Mankiw）- 《社会学的想象力》（The Sociological Imagination）：C·赖特·米尔斯（C.Wright Mills）3.英文诗歌集阅读英文诗歌不仅可以培养文学素养，还能帮助你更好地理解和欣赏英语语言的美。
英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读
英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读在英语专业四级考试中，阅读部分占据了相当大的比重，其中真实文章解读更是考察学生对英语文章的理解和分析能力。
在本文中，将针对英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读部分进行详细解析，帮助考生提升阅读能力和解题技巧。
一、理解文章主旨在进行真实文章解读时，首先需要确保对文章的主旨有清晰的理解。
在阅读文章的过程中，可以通过注意文章的标题、首段和结尾来初步了解文章的主题。
而在具体解读文章时，需要注意抓住作者的中心思想和观点，理解文章的逻辑结构和论证方式。
通过对整篇文章的梳理和分析，可以更好地把握文章的主旨。
二、理解词汇和句子在阅读真实文章时，遇到一些生词或者复杂的句子时，需要注意对其进行理解。
可以通过上下文的信息进行猜测和推断，寻找线索来弄清楚词语的意思。
在解读句子时，要注意句子的主谓宾等基本句型结构，尤其是长句，可以通过拆分句子进行理解。
通过对文章中的词汇和句子进行准确理解，可以提高对文章整体的理解程度。
三、解析作者观点和态度真实文章往往涉及到作者的观点和态度，阅读过程中要通过细致的分析找出作者的立场，并理解作者对于某个观点或者事件的看法。
可以通过作者使用的词语和表达方式来推测作者的态度，如使用明确的肯定或否定词语、使用比较级或最高级的形容词等。
同时也要注意识别作者所提供的论据和例证，从而更好地理解作者观点的支持和论证方式。
四、把握文章结构和逻辑关系在解读真实文章时，需要理解文章的整体结构和各段之间的逻辑关系。
可以通过关注段落开头和结尾的过渡性词语，如“首先”、“最后”等，来把握文章的层次结构。
此外，要注意识别文章中的因果关系、比较关系、并列关系等逻辑关系，从而更好地理清文章的脉络。
五、做好细节理解和推断真实文章中常常会包含一些细节信息，学生需要通过仔细阅读和理解，准确把握其中的细节内容。
同时，在解读文章时还需要注意推断能力的培养，通过推理和猜测得出一些可能的答案。
通过对文章细节的理解和推断，可以更好地解答细节题和推理题。
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法主要包括以下步骤：
1. 词汇积累：阅读理解的第一步就是词汇积累，专四考试对词汇量有一定要求，考生需熟练掌握一定数量的词汇。
可以通过背单词书籍、记忆卡片等方式进行词汇积累。
2. 理解长难句：长难句是阅读理解中的一大难点，考生需要通过大量的练习和精读来提高长难句的理解能力。
3. 掌握阅读技巧：阅读理解不仅要求理解文章内容，还需要掌握一定的阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、预测答案等。
这些技巧可以通过做阅读理解练习和参加阅读技巧课程来提高。
4. 多做真题：历年真题是了解考试形式和考试内容的最好方式，通过多做真题，考生可以熟悉考试难度和题型，找到自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行改进。
5. 模拟考试：模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试流程和时间限制，提高答题效率，避免因为时间不够或流程不熟悉而影响成绩。
6. 反思与总结：每次练习或模拟考试后，考生应该对自己的答案进行反思和总结，找出自己的不足之处，有针对性地进行改进。
以上是专四阅读训练的一些方法，希望对你有所帮助。
同时建议寻找一位经验丰富的老师或导师进行指导，他们的经验和技巧将对你的备考过程起到重要的推动作用。
专四作文阅读题答题模板
专四作文阅读题答题模板英文回答：1. What is the main argument of the passage?The main argument of the passage is that the United States should adopt a more interventionist foreign policy in order to protect its vital interests and promote democracy and human rights around the world.2. What are the three main reasons that the author gives for supporting interventionism?The author gives three main reasons for supporting interventionism:1. To protect vital national interests, such as access to oil or the security of trade routes.2. To promote democracy and human rights in othercountries.3. To prevent humanitarian crises, such as genocide or ethnic cleansing.3. What are the main arguments against interventionism?The main arguments against interventionism are:1. It is often counterproductive, leading to increased instability and violence.2. It violates the sovereignty of other countries and can lead to resentment and resistance.3. It is expensive and can divert resources from other important priorities.4. What is the author's conclusion?The author concludes that the United States should adopt a more interventionist foreign policy, but that itshould do so carefully and selectively. Intervention should only be used as a last resort, after all other options have been exhausted.中文回答：文章的论点是什么？文章的论点是美国应该采取更加干预主义的外交政策，以保护其重要利益并促进全世界民主与人权。
专四模拟试题之阅读共30篇
专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada, an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River, the park also borders about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. This land is an important part of the habitat and migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local agreement that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners, in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.1. The passage mainly discusses______.A. the endangered species in Glacier National ParkB. the protection of lands surrounding Glacier National ParkC. conservation laws imposed by the state of MontanaD. conservation laws imposed by Congress2. Why are the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important?A. They function as a hunting preserve.B. They are restricted to government use.C. They are heavily populated.D. They contain natural habitats of threatened species.3. The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as______.A. indifferentB. intimateC. cooperativeD. disappointing4. It can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of Glacier National Park is to______.A. limit land development around the parkB. establish a new park in MontanaC. influence national legislationD. settle border disputes with Canada答案解析：1. B) 这是一道主旨题。
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读是考生备战专四考试中的一项重要任务。
为了顺利通过专四阅读部分，考生需要掌握一些方法和技巧，以提高阅读理解的能力。
以下是一些可以帮助考生提高专四阅读能力的方法和技巧。
首先，建立良好的阅读习惯非常重要。
考生应该每天坚持阅读英语文章，包括新闻、小说、杂志等，以提升词汇量和阅读速度。
同时，考生还可以阅读专门为专四准备的阅读材料，熟悉专四考试的题型和难度。
其次，要注重理解文章的整体结构和主旨。
考生在阅读时应注意文章的开头和结尾，这些部分通常会包含文章的主旨和核心观点。
了解文章的结构可以帮助考生更好地理解文章的内容，并更容易回答相关的问题。
另外，考生需要学会运用上下文推测词义。
在阅读时，会遇到一些生词，考生可以通过上下文中的其他信息来猜测这些生词的意思。
这样不仅可以帮助考生更好地理解文章，还可以提高词汇的运用能力。
此外，考生还应该注重细节和关键信息的捕捉。
专四阅读题常常会涉及到文章中的细节或者关键信息，考生需要有良好的注意力和观察力来找到这些信息。
可以通过划线、做笔记等方式来帮助记忆这些信息，
以便在回答问题时更准确地引用。
最后，考生需要进行大量的练习。
通过做专四阅读的模拟题和历年真题，考生可以熟悉专四考试的题型和要求，同时也可以提高阅读理解的能力。
练习还可以帮助考生找到自己的弱点，及时进行针对性的复习和提高。
总之，通过建立良好的阅读习惯、注重文章结构和主旨、推测词义、捕捉细节和关键信息以及进行大量的练习，考生可以提高专四阅读的能力，更好地应对考试。
专四阅读+详细讲解
专四阅读+详细讲解星期4 ThursdayBusiness is the salf of life.事业是⼈⽣的第⼀需要。
Text ADespite all the progress toward wo men’s equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by men.Driving home that point, the National Committee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists differ in their explanations. And yet this income disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated —in both the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the women’s movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtlediscrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” (指职业⼥性在职务提升时遇到的⽆形阻⼒)that accounts for so few women being in top management.Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made in their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, they’re often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay rises.Another explanation is that women d on’t r eally make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that do n’t account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their income can’t pay for day care, or day care doesn’t su it their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part time.So as their life choices seem to become a life burden, wo men’s income slips behind men’s.No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducing the pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women in management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average paywill surpass men’s —and that may make up for lost wages.1. April 16 has been chosen[A] to show the organization’s attitude towards equal pay.[B] to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.[C] to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.[D] to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.2. How can women raise their salary?[A] By going out for work instead of staying at home.[B] By asking their employer to raise their salary.[C] By sending their child to the kindergarten.[D] By having the ability to choose their jobs.3. Which of the following is NOT a traditional job for women?[A] Nurse. [B] Teacher.[C] Economist. [D] Typist.4. Which of the following statement is NOT true?[A] Wage gap servers as a key indicator of how women are treated.[B] Many women have lower-paying jobs because of house chores.[C] Some working mothers earn less than their children’s day care.[D] Many employers have already done enough to support working mothers.5. Who are expected to contribute more to narrowing the pay gap?[A] Women themselves.[B] Employers.[C] The government.[D] Men.Text BIf sustainable competitive advantage depends upon work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired —rented at the lowest possible cost — much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer (CFO) is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central — usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts they spend in training their work forces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessaryfor the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take muchlonger to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively start the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.6. In an American firm, the executive of human-resource management[A] has a position directly under the chief financial executive.[B] is one of the most important executives of the firm.[C] has no say in making important decisions of the firm.[D] is unimportant when new technologies have been introduced.7. The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on[A] technological and managerial staff.[B] workers who will run new equipment.[C] workers who lack basic background skills.[D] top executives.8. Technological change in American firms is slower because[A] new equipment in America is more expensive.[B] they don’t pay enough attention to the job training of their workers.[C] they are less responsive to technological changes.[D] their professional staff are less paid and so less creative.9. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?[A] They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.[B] They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.[C] They attach more importance to workers than equipment.[D] They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.10. According to the passage, the decisi ve factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is[A] the introduction of new technologies.[B] the improvement of worker’s basic skills.[C] the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.[D] the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees.Text CDespite the fact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in the solar system aside from small meteor(流星) fragments and the asteroids (⼩⾏星), they are largely a mystery. Scientists don’t know exactly what comets are or where theycome from. Educated guesses are the best we have in hand.Considering the role of comets in lore, legend, and the memory of man, it is remarkable that we still know so little, relatively, about them. The most famous comet of all, Halley’s Comet (named for the man who predicted its return), was first sighted by the Chinese in 240 B.C., and it has returned to terrify the people of the world on a regular basis ever since then (last scheduled return: 1986). The ancients considered it an object of ill omen. By mysterious coincidence, the arrival of Halley’sComet coincided with such events as the battle of Hastings in 1066, the Jewish revolt of 66 A.D., and the last battle of Attila the Hun against the Romans. Nor is it the only comet to fill man with awe, but merely the most famous in a rich aristocracy of blood-freezers.Comets are even more fascinating to amateur astronomers than to professionals, because this is one area where amateurs can (and do) make major discoveries. Comet Ikeya Seki, one of the brightest comets to appear in last century was discovered in 1965 by a pair of Japanese amateurs, Ikeya and Seki. The person who discovers a new comet gets his (or her) name put on it. And amateurs have a head start in the race to discover new comets; the shorter focal lengths on their smaller telescopes give them a positive advantage over the huge telescope such as Mount Wilson which is built to scan for galaxies, not comparatively of short distances.Most scientists tend to agree with the astronomer Fred T. Whipple that a comet is really a large mushy snowball of frozen ices and gases (ammonia, methane, possibly carbon dioxide) with a few bits of solid particles stuck inside. But no one is sure how comets are created in the first place.Scientists believe that comets don’t exhibit their characteristic tail while they lurk far out in space away from the warmth of the sun but, rather, wander in the form of frozen lumps, like icebergs. This is the core of the comet. Only when the comet approaches the heat of the sun, does the ice begin to melt and stream away in the form of visible gases. The tails o f the comet stream out behind for, literally, astronomical distances. Halley’s Comet had a tail of 94 million miles long when it visited here in 1910. The Great Comet of 1843 had a tail of 186 million miles long.11. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that[A] comets are the most commonly seen astronomical bodies.[B] comets, meteor fragments and the asteroids are mysterious.[C] not much is known about comets.[D] nothing do we know about comets except guesses.12. Halley’s Comet is mentioned in paragraph 2[A] to introduce some famous historical events.[B] to explain some traditional beliefs about comets.[C] to demonstrate the harm it has done to man.[D] to show its significance to human history.13. We learn from the passage, amateur astronomers[A] began their discovery earlier than the professionals .[B] tend to be the leaders in the area of astronomy.[C] have some advantages in discovering new comets.[D] established some theories on how comets come into being.14. The core of a comet[A] has no solid form.[B] wanders like a frozen lump when it’s far out in space.[C] requires the warmth of the sun to survive.[D] is always followed by a long tail.15. Which of the following about comets is INCORRECT?[A] They are great in number.[B] Their arrivals used to frighten human beings.[C] They are named after their discoverers.[D] They are large mushy snowballs of frozen ices and gases.Text DAround the world, hearts were broken when news came that the conjoined Bijani twins had died on the operating table. Having lived in tortured unity for 29 years, they traveled form their native Iran to Singapore for the surgery meant to set them free. The doctors who performed it were distressed. When you lose a patient, particularly when the patient dies at your own hand, the heartbreak mixes with unbearable guilt. The doctors are asking themselves the same question everyone else is asking: Should they have done it?The doctors certainly knew the risk. They knew that with the women’s shared circulatory systems, the risk was great. They might have underestimated the technical challenges, but they did not deceive their patients. The sisters, highly educated and highly motivated, knew full well the risk of never waking up from the surgery.Indeed, they never did. Should the surgeons have attempted such a risky procedure on patients who were not dying, and, in fact, were not even sick?For all the regrets and second guesses, it is hard to see how the answer could have been anything but yes. The foundation of the medical vocation is that the doctor is servant to the patient’s will. Not always, of course. There are times when the doctor must say no. This was not such a time.Consider those cases in which outside values trump(占据上风) the patients-expressed desire. The first is life. Even if the patient asks you to, you may not kill him. In some advanced precincts(地区) —Holland and Oregon, for example —this is thought to be a quaint(奇怪的)idea, and the state permits physicians to perform “assisted suicide”. That is a terrible mistake, for the state and for the physician. And not only because it embarks us on a slippery slope where putting people to death in the name of some higher humanity becomes progressively.Even if there were no slippery slope, there is a deeply important principle at stake: doctors are healers, not killers. You cannot eliminate the subject you are supposedly serving — it is not just a philosophical absurdity, it constitutes the most fundamental violation of the Hippocratic oath. You are not permitted to do any harm to the patient, let alone the ultimate harm. There are other forms of self-immolation, less instantaneous and less spectacular, to which doctors may not contribute. Drug taking, for example. One could say, the patient wants it, and he knows the risks —why not give him what he wants? No. The doctor isthere to help save a suffering soul from the ravages of a failing body. He is not there to ravage a healthy body in the service of a sick and self-destructive soul.The patient is sovereign and the physician’s duty is to be the servant, which is why the doctors in Singapore were right trying to separate the twins. They were not seeking self-destruction; they were seeking liberation. And they were trying to undo a form of impairment imposed on them by nature. The extraordinary thing about their request was that it was so utterly ordinary. They were asking for nothing special, nothing superhuman, nothing radically enhancing of human nature. They were only seeking to satisfy the most simple and pedestrian of desires: to live as single human being.16. At the beginning of the passage, the author sounds towards the doctors.[A] indifferent. [B] pitiful. [C] accusing. [D] objective.17. Why do es the author say “this was not such a time” in Para. 4?[A] Because the twin sisters are conjoined.[B] Because the twin sisters know the risks very well.[C] Because the operation is the twin sisters’ expressed desire.[D] Because the twin sisters are seeking liberation, not self-destruction.18. We can infer from Para. 6 that “Hippocratic oath” is[A] a philosophical conception.[B] an oath for all common citizens.[C] about the doctors’ responsibilities to the patients.[D] the doctors’ oath to serve the patients’ expressed desires.19. The author pointed out all the following facts EXCEPT that[A] the doctors do not have any responsibility for the failure of the twin sisters’ operation.[B] it is correct for the Singapore doctors to do the operation, although it failed in the end.[C] the twin sisters’ desire is different from the desire of those who want drugs or suicide.[D] doctors should decide whether the patient is attempting self-destruction before serving his desire.20. Which would be the best title for the passage?[A] The Conjoined Sisters from Iran.[B] Should They Have Made the Attempt?[C] On Patients’ Self-immolation.[D] Doctors and Patients.语境词汇Text A1. Driving home把…讲得透彻明⽩2. disparity n.不同，不等3. indicator n.指⽰者，指⽰器；指⽰牌4. enforcement n.实施，执⾏；强制，强迫5. subtle a.微细的，微妙的；精巧的；敏锐的6. reenter vt.重新加⼊，再加⼊7. empower vt.授权，准许8. rear vt.抚养，养育；饲养，栽培n.后部，背⾯9. tie the knot 结婚Text B1. sustainable a.持续的；能维持的；⽀撑得住的2. acquisition n.取得，获得；得到的东西3. hierarchy n.等级制度，阶层4. specific a.特定的；明确的n.特效药；详情5. extensive a.⼤规模的，⼴阔的；全⾯的，彻底的6. bottleneck n.瓶颈，障碍；窄路段，交通阻塞点Text C1. astronomical a.天⽂的2. aside from 除了…之外(尚有)3. educated a.根据知识或经验的；有教养的4. remarkable a.不平常的，值得注意到5. on a regular basis 定期地6. focal a.焦点的：focal length焦距Text D1. conjoin v.使联合，使连接：conjoined twins 连体双胞胎2. underestimate v.低估3. trump v.占据上风4. precinct n.区域；近郊5. quaint a.奇怪的；古怪的6. at stake 濒临危险7. absurdity n.荒谬，违背常理8. ravage n.蹂躏，饱受折磨9. pedestrian a.平常的；徒步的；缺乏想象的n.⾏⼈难句突破Text A1. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” that accounts for so few women being in top management.【分析】复合句。
专四阅读真题及答案
专四阅读真题及答案In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE(1)When I was twenty-seven years old, I was a mining-broker's clerk in San Francisco, and an expert in all the details of stock traffic. I was alone in the world, and had nothing to depend upon but my wits and a clean reputation; but these were setting my feet in the road to eventual fortune, and I was content with the prospect. My time was my own after the afternoon board, Saturdays, and I was accustomed to putting it in on a little sail-boat on the bay. One day I ventured too far, and was carried out to sea. Just at nightfall, when hope was about gone, I was picked up by a small ship which was bound for London. It was a long and stormy voyage, and they made me work my passage without pay, as a common sailor. When I stepped ashore in London my clothes were ragged and shabby, and I had only a dollar in my pocket. This money fed and sheltered me twenty-four hours. During the next twenty-four I went without food and shelter.(2)About ten o'clock on the following morning, dirty and hungry, I was dragging myself along Portland Place, when a child that was passing, towed by a nurse-maid, tossed a big pear -minus one bite - into the gutter. I stopped, of course, and fastened my desiring eye on that muddy treasure. My mouth watered for it, my stomach craved it, my whole being, begged for it. But every time I made a move to get it some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent and pretended that I hadn't been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn't get the pear.(3)I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me was raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying: "Step in here, please."(4)I was admitted by a man servant, and shown into a sumptuous room where a couple of elderly gentlemen were sitting. They sent away the servant, and made me sit down. They had just finished their breakfast, and the sight of the remains of it almost overpowered me. I could hardly keep my wits together in the presence of that food, but as I was not asked to sample it, I had to bear my trouble as best as I could.(5)Now, something had been happening there a little before, which I did not know anything about until a good many days afterwards, but Iwill tell you about it now. Those two old brothers had been having a pretty hot argument a couple of days before, and had ended by agreeing to decide it by a bet, which is the English way of settling everything.(6)You will remember that the Bank of England once issued two notes of a million pounds each, to be used for a special purpose connected with some public transaction with a foreign country. For some reason or other only one of these had been used and canceled; the other still lay in the vaults of the Bank. Well, the brothers, chatting along, happened to get to wondering what might be the fate of a perfectly honest and intelligent stranger who should be turned adrift in London without a friend, and with no money but that million-pound bank-note, and no way to account for his being in possession of it. Brother A said he would starve to death; Brother B said he wouldn't. Brother A said he couldn't offer it at a bank or anywhere else, because he would be arrested on the spot. So they went on disputing till Brother B said he would bet twenty thousand pounds that the man would live thirty days, anyway, on that million, and keep out of jail, too. Brother A took him up. Brother B went down to the Bank and bought that note. Then he dictated a letter, which one of his clerks wrote out in a beautiful round hand, and then the two brothers sat at the window a whole day watching for the right man to give it to. (7)I finally became the pick of them.41. In Para. 1, the phrase "set my feet" probably means___________. A. put me aside B. start my journey C. prepare me D. let me walk42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that___________.A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starvedB. the man could not get a proper chance to eat the pearC. the man did not really want the pear since it was dirtyD. it was very difficult for the man to get the pear43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more ___________ towards the effect of the one-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger. A. neutral B. negative C. reserved D. positivePASSAGE TWO(1)The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about how we greet people. In some languages, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons—that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Let's look at a few of them.The dove(2)The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war.(3)There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art, the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head.(4)But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949.The rainbow(5)The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God had forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popularmovements for peace and the environment, representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain.Mistletoe(6)This plant was sacred in many cultures, generally representing peace and love. Most people know of the tradition of kissing under the mistletoe at Christmas time, which probably comes from Scandinavian mythology. The goddess Freya's son was killed by an arrow made of mistletoe, so, in honour of him, she declared that it would always be a symbol of peace. It was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship.(7)The ancient Druids believed that hanging mistletoe in your doorway protected you from evil spirits. Tribes would stop fighting for a period of time if they found a tree with mistletoe. But you will never see mistletoe in a Christian church - it is banned because of its associations with pagan religion and superstition.The olive branch(8)The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games, and the winners were givencrowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit, so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol.The ankh(9)The ankh is an ancient symbol which was adopted by the hippie movement in the 1960s to represent peace and love. It was found in many Asian cultures, but is generally associated with ancient Egypt. It represented life and immortality. Egyptians were buried with an ankh, so that they could continue to live in the "afterworld". The symbol was also found along the sides of the Nile, which gave life to the people. They believed that the ankh could control the flow of the river and make sure that there was always enough water.44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Concept of Peace. B. Origin of Peace Symbols. C. Popular Peace Symbols.D. Cultural Difference of Peace.45. The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in all the following countriesEXCEPT___________. A. Sweden B. Greece C. Finland D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate___________. A. friendship B. love C. kinship D. honour47. The origin of the ankh can date back to___________. A. the Nile B. the "afterworld" C. the hippie movement D. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE(1)Two sides almost never change: That you can manipulate people into self-sufficiency and that you can punish them into good citizenship.(2)The first manifests itself in our tireless search for the magical level at which welfare grants are big enough to meet basic needs but small enough to make low-paid work attractive. The second has us looking to the criminal justice system to cure behavior that is as much as anything the result of despair.(7)Not only can we never find the "perfect" punishment, our search for optimum penalties is complicated by our desire for fairness: to let the punishment fit the crime. The problem is that almost any punishment - even the disgrace of being charged with a crime - is sufficient to deter the middle class, while for members of the underclass, probation may be translated as "I beat it."(8)So how can you use the system - welfare or criminal justice - to produce the behavior we want? The answer, I suspect is: You can't.(9)We keep trying to use welfare and prison to change people - to make them think and behave the way we do - when the truth is the incentives work only for those who already think the way we do: who view today's action with an eye on the future.(10)We will take lowly work (if that is all that's available) because we believe we can make bad jobs work for us. We avoid crime not because we are better people but because we see getting caught as afuture-wrecking disaster. We are guided by a belief that good things will happen for us in the future if we take proper care of the present. Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives.(11)And we have trouble understanding that not everybody believes as we believe. The welfare rolls, the prisons and the mean streets of our cities are full of people who have given up on their(3)The welfare example is well known. We don't want poor people to live in squalor or their children to be malnourished. But we also don't want to subsidize the indolence of people who are too lazy to work. The first impulse leads us to provide housing, food stamps, medical care and a cash stipend for families in need. The second gets us to think about "workforce".(4)We've been thinking about it for two reasons: the "nanny" problems of two high-ranking government officials (who hired undocumented foreigners as household helpers, presumably because they couldn't find Americans to do the work) and President Clinton's proposal to put a two-year limit on welfare.(5)Maybe something useful will come of Clinton's idea, but I'm not all that hopeful. It looks to me like one more example of trying to manipulate people into taking care of themselves.(6)On the criminal justice side, we hope to make punishment tough enough to discourage crime but not so tough as to clog our prisons with relatively minor offenders. Too short a sentence, we fear, will create contempt for the law. Too long a sentence will take up costly space better used for the violent and unremorseful.(7)Not only can we never find the "perfect" punishment, our search for optimum penalties is complicated by our desire for fairness: to let the punishment fit the crime. The problem is that almost any punishment - even the disgrace of being charged with a crime - is sufficient to deter the middle class, while for members of the underclass, probation may be translated as "I beat it."(8)So how can you use the system - welfare or criminal justice - to produce the behavior we want? The answer, I suspect is: You can't.(9)We keep trying to use welfare and prison to change people - to make them think and behave the way we do - when the truth is the incentives work only for those who already think the way we do: who view today's action with an eye on the future.(10)We will take lowly work (if that is all that's available) because we believe we can make bad jobs work for us. We avoid crime not because we are better people but because we see getting caught as afuture-wrecking disaster. We are guided by a belief that good things will happen for us in the future if we take proper care of the present. Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives.(11)And we have trouble understanding that not everybody believes as we believe. The welfare rolls, the prisons and the mean streets of our cities are full of people who have given up on their future. Without hope for the future, hard work at a low-paid job makes no sense. Working hard in school, or pleasing a boss, or avoiding pregnancy makes no sense. The deadly disease is hopelessness. The lawlessness and poverty are only the obvious symptoms.(12)I'm not advocating that we stop looking for incentives to move poor people toward self-sufficiency or that we stop punishing people forcriminal behavior. There will always be some people who need help and some who deserve to be in jail.(13)All I'm saying is that the long-term answer both to welfare and the crime that plagues our communities is not to fine tune the welfare and criminal justice systems but to prevent our children from getting the disease of despair.(14)If we encourage our young people to believe in the future, and give them solid evidence for believing, we'll find both crime and poverty shrinking to manageable proportions.48. What is the author's attitude towards Clinton's proposal to welfare? A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic. C. Suspicious. D. Sarcastic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penaltiesare___________to the underclass. A. useless B. hopeless C. frightening D. humiliating50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Lawlessness and Poverty.B. Criminal Justice System.C. Welfare Grants.D. Disease of Despair.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE51. In Para. 4, what does the man mean by saying "I had to bear my trouble"?52. What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage?PASSAGE TWO53. Why does the UN use the olive branch in its symbol?PASSAGE THREE54. According to the author, what balance should we keep in welfare?55. What does the author mean by saying "Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives" (Para. 10)?参考答案PART V READING COMPREHENSION41-50: BADBD ADCBD51.Keep wits together in the presence of that food.52.The author was given the million-pound bank-note.53.It symbolizes peace and unity.54.Meeting basic needs and making low-paid work.55.Good things will happen by taking care of the present.。
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应对策略：
跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段 落的首句和尾句。 目的：建构文章Outline，得出行文Logic, 之后配合寻读，准确定位每个题目 的location，即提答案的段落。
应对策略：
特殊情况： 多数专四文章观点明确，基调清楚，跳读 （skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的 首句和尾句，是高效阅读的法宝。 而有一些，如段落多、每一段只有一两行， 则skimming几乎等于通读，略显不够高效， 但是仍然可用，需要阅读时注意迅速反思 每个段落主旨及与上下段落的关联，建构 文章outline,以便有效定位题目所在段落。
4．推理类 27%
(1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________. (2) It can be inferred from the passage that_________. (3) The author strongly suggests that__________ . (4) It can be concluded from the passage that________. (5) The passage is intended to__________ . (6) The writer indicates that__________ .
5．词汇类 8~9%
(1)
According to the author ,the word "…"means_______. (2) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to "…"? (3) The term ".."in paragraph… can be best replaced by …. (4) What’s the meaning of "…"in line …of paragraph….? (5) As used in the line …, the word "…"refers to _______.
应对策略：
寻读（scanning） 出现关键词的相应段落，四个答案中相同 的词即为关键词。仔细对比答案与文中相 应细节。
应对策略：
Paraphrasing Key words 及其它词语，如果原封不动出 现在备选答案中，则该选项一般不是正确 答案，只有对其进行paraphrase之后对应 的选项才可能是准确答案。
Байду номын сангаас
以上话题都紧跟时代发展步伐，并反映现实 社会的热点与焦点问题。 考生要多注重阅读英美经济、社会、文化、 科技等方面的报刊或书籍，例如： Reader‘s Digest(《读者文摘》)， Washington Post(《华盛顿邮报》)， Newsweek(《新闻周刊》)， Guardian(《卫报》) The Daily Telegraph(《每日电讯报》)等的文 章。
专四阅读理解十大话题
社会话题:如商场偷窃(2004),体育商业化(2002) 教育话题:如儿童择校(2001),大学教育(1997),教学方法 (1997) 科技话题:如轻型飞机(1993), 昆虫思维(1994) 人物传记;某小说家(1992),个人历史(1996),姓氏溯源(2000) 历史研究:北爱尔兰问题(1992),法国变化(1993) 妇女话题:夫妻关系(2001),家电与妇女(2002) 种族话题:民族矛盾(1998) 自然话题:雪崩(1996),海啸(1997),潮汐(1992) 健康话题:饮酒与心脏病(1995) 经济话题:如瑞士银行(2000),中国经济特区(2004)
克服不良阅读习惯
指读：即为了集中注意力，用手指或指尖指着文章逐字阅读。“指 读”会降低阅读速度，影响对整篇文章的理解。 唇读：即在阅读中喜欢读出声来，或即使不出声，嘴唇也在不停地 运动，或脑子里也在想着读音。“唇读”会影响大脑的思维速 度。 回读：即在阅读中读到生词或不熟悉的单词时，马上返回句首甚至 段首重读，或对阅读产生心理定势，认为自己第一遍肯定读不 懂，因此反复多读几遍，白白浪费时间。 译读：即在阅读过程中，不断地进行逐字逐句的翻译，通过母语来 辅助理解。
阅读理解 测试要求： （a）能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章 和材料…… （b）能读懂难度相当于美国Newsweek的国际 新闻报道。 （c）能读懂难度相当于Sons and Lovers 的文 学原著 （d）能掌握所读材料的主旨大意，了解说明 主旨大意的事实和细节;既理解字面意思，又能根据 所读材料进行判断和推理;既能理解个别句子的意义， 也理解上下文的逻辑关系。 （e）能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度 和阅读技巧。 （f）考试时间25分钟
测试形式： 本部分采用多项选择题，由数篇阅读材料组成。 阅读材料共长1800个单词左右。每篇材料后有若干 道题。学生应根据所读材料内容，从每道题的四个 选项中选出一个最佳的答案。共20道题， 测试目的： 本部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力， 考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度。既要求 准确性，也要求一定的速度。 选材原则： （a）题材广泛，包括社会、科技、文化、经 济、日常知识、人物传记等。 （b）体裁多样，包括记叙文、描写文、说明 文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。 （c）阅读材料的语言难度中等，关键词汇基本 上不超出<<大纲>>规定的范围。
2．态度类 3%
(1) What’s the writer’s attitude to …? (2) What’s the tone of the passage? (3) The author’s view is _______ (4) The writer’s attitude of this passage is apparently _________. (5) The author suggests that _________ (6) According to author __________
专业四级阅读一般不涉及政治及时事方面 比较敏感的话题，如种族歧视、宗教信仰、 战争评论等。 考生在平时选择课外读物或进行模拟训练 要有所侧重，注意多读一些与当前国际热 点话题相关的文章。
题型分析及应对策略 1．主旨类 6.5%
(1) What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? (2) What does this passage mainly (primarily) concerned ? (3) The main theme of this passage is ___________. (4) The main point of the passage is__________ (5) Which of the following is the best title for the passage ? (6) The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________. (7) On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ? (8) The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________. (9) Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?
3．细节类54%
(1) Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? (2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? (3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage? (4) The author mentions all of the following except . . . (5) The reason for . . .is . . . (6) The author states that . . . (7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...