2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之七(13页word版)

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之七[一]LOS ANGELES, Nov. 12 (Xinhua)—Legendary comic book writer Stan Lee has died at the age of 95, according to media reports on Monday.Lee, born in Stanley Lieber on Dec. 28, 1922, began his career in 1939 and joined the Marvel Comics in 1961.He is considered as one of the most legendary names in the history of comic books and the leading creative force behind the rise of Marvel Comics. He co-created iconic fictional characters such as Spider-Man, X-Men, the Avengers, and many more.Lee’s characters often have super powers, but they also have weaknesses. They were humans, not gods. They not only struggled to save the world, but also to pay their bills, make friends, and hold jobs. This made Marvel comic book heroes stand apart from its competitor DC, which produced the seemingly perfect heroes like Superman and Wonder Woman. Those superheroes have been adapted into blockbuster films, most of which were made after Disney acquired Marvel in a 4-billion-dollar deal in 2009.In a statement, Bob Iger, chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company said Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created.Marvel also praised Lee on its website by putting on one of Lee’s famous quotes, which goes, “I used to be embarrassed because I was just a comic-book writer while other people were building bridges or going on to medical careers. And then I began to realize: entertainment is one of the most important things in people’s lives. Without it, they might go off the deep end. I feel that if you’re able to entertain, you’re doing a good thing. ”Praise from his Hollywood peers and colleagues was generous. President of Marvel Studios Kevin Feige appreciated Lee’s unparalleled impact on the industry. “No one has had more of an impact on my career than Stan Lee, ” Feige said. “Our thoughts are with his family and the millions of fans who have been forever touched by Stan’s genius, charisma and heart. ”28. How do Lee’s characters differ from those of DC?A. They are perfect heroes.B. They often have super powers.C. They are not humans, but gods.D. They have human shortcomings.29. We can learn from Lee’s statement in Paragraph 6 that ________.A. it is embarrassing to be a comic-book writerB. a taste of entertainment is necessary in people’s livesC. entertainment is the most important thing in the worldD. you can do everything well if you are able to entertain30. According to the passage, we could know that ________.A. Lee influenced Kevin Feige’s career a lotB. Lee joined the Marvel Comics in his fortiesC. Lee created the fictional characters all by himselfD. The superheroes were adapted into films before Disney acquired Marvel31. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Comics Legend—the Marvels and DCB. The Superheroes in Stan Lee’s ComicsC. Marvel’s Comics Legend Stan Lee Dies at 95D. The Life Story of Marvel Comics Legend Stan Lee参考答案：28-31DBAC[二]Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on snorkeling ( 潜水), netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the eDNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden treefrogs. In Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian(两栖动物)diseases.Ms Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mudsnail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field workcould soon be more targeted.32. Compared to traditional survey techniques, eDNA is more______.A. complexB. eco-friendlyC. dangerousD. convincing33. By using eDNA, Caren Goldberg has______.A. succeeded in catching many fishesB. found the existence of golden treefrogsC. documented the spread of softshell turtlesD. confirmed the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho34. What can we infer from the last paragraph ?A. Robots will replace scientists soon.B. Some scientists are against using eDNA.C .The old-fashioned field work may disappear.D. Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species SurveysB. Biologists Explore Space with the Help of eDNAC. Scientists Found Methods to Test for Signs of LifeD. New Technologies Are Presented in Science Fictions32-35: BDCA[三]When we talk about famous UK writer Agatha Christie, it seems that her famous detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple are must-reads. So, of course, are her best-selling novels Murder on the Orient Express (1934) and Death on the Nile (1937).But when the readers around the world were asked to name their favorite Christie novel to mark her 125th birthday on Sept 15, And Then There Were None (1939) topped the list, reported The Guardian.It may surprise you to learn that it is a crime novel without a detective. What it does have is suspense (n.悬念) and a very sinister (adj.邪恶的) atmosphere. It is “on a knife edge”, as Mathew Prichard, Christie’s grandson, told the newspaper.Ten people get an invitation to come to a house on a small island near Devon in South West England. Nobody refuses these invitations since each one promises something the person wants: a job, a holiday, a chance to meet up again with an old friend .These people are all responsible for deaths. Some are directly responsible, others are responsible because of what they did not do. Anthony James Marston, for instance, killed two children while driving dangerously. He did not feel guilty and actually complained when he was banned from driving. Another, Emily Caroline Brent, is a harsh person who threw out a young servant for becoming pregnant while unmarried. The servant later killed herself.When they arrive at the house they are played a recording. The voicegives details of the wrongdoing of each of the guests. Starting with Marston, each is killed in a way that fits their crime. The series of deaths is completed with a hanging, “and then there were none”, as the title suggests.Christie can be quite a predictable writer. Some of her stories are a little unoriginal. But this book is full of clever writing. Look it up to find out what this hugely successful mystery writer, the “Queen of Crime” as she was called, could do at her best.28. All of the following are Agatha Christie’s works EXCEPT ______.A. Queen of CrimeB. Death on the NileC. And Then There Were NoneD. Murder on the Orient Express29. What makes Then There Were None more astonishing ?A. The unique theme offered by Agatha Christie.B. The criminal plot without a detective.C. The attractive place shown in the novel.D. The varied characters created by Agatha Christie.30. According to the author, the title of the novel suggests that ______.A. no guests survive in the endB. no detectives appear in the novelC. there are no mysteries in the novelD. nobody is to blame for the deaths of the guests31. Which of following is TRUE about the novel And Then There Were None?A. All the people in the novel have killed someone before.B. Ten innocent people are killed on a small island.C. The people in the novel accept the invitations because of somethingthey are offered.D. A detective finds out who is responsible for the people’s deaths in the end.参考答案：28-31: ABAC[四]Dina Theissen, 47, found a baby bird near a tree in her garden when he was only a few hours old. When the baby bird's mother didn't show up, Dina, her husband Ken, and their daughter Alyssa, took him into their home and named him Gracie. The family spent days nursing the chick back to healthAn unbreakable bond(纽带) was developed through the endless hours Gracie and the family spent together. He needed to be fed every half an hour and they pretty much taught him how to be a bird. Ken and Dina would be running home from work to check on him and her daughter used to playwith him at the park after schoolAfter a month, when Gracie was confident enough to fly into the nearby trees, Dina and her family tried to set him free into the wild. When they let him go, they all cried. Nobody wanted him to go but he was a wild bird and that's the way it was meant to be.The next day he flew back for a visit. And he has returned to visit every day since then.Unbelievably, when Dina was diagnosed(诊断) with cancer in January 2016, Gracie began spending even more time in the family home. When she received chemotherapy and operation, the caring bird perched (栖息) on her shoulder and visited for longer periods of time. He started staying for longer and ending up bringing happiness to a situation where there was nothing to be happy about.Having Gracie there reminded her how brave he was going into the wild and made her have courage. "The experience of going through cancer for our family would have been completely different without Gracie. I never thought I would have this sort of bond with a bird " Said Dina.28. What is the best title of the passage?A. A bird cured a woman’s cancer.B. Man should live in peace with birds.C. Dina’s family nursed a b ird back to health.D. A bond developed between a bird and a family.29. Why did they set the bird free to the wild?A. Taking care of the bird caused them much trouble.B. The bird tried to go back to nature.C. They wanted to treat him in a natural way.D. Dina was too ill to look after him.30. How did Dina feel when the bird visited her in the hospital?A. Encouraged and surprised.B. Brave and embarrassed.C. Amused and comforted.D. Pitied and loved.31. Which word can best describe the bird?A. Grateful.B. Lovely.C. Careful.D. Helpful. 参考答案：28—31 DCAA[五]A voice-controlled robot designed to serve the elderly, iPal performed a song from a classic Chinese opera, amusing the crowd with its sweet voice and exaggerated(夸张的) gestures at the 2018 World Robot Conference in Beijing.The robot reacts to touch and voice, turning its head towards elderlyusers and offering simple conversations. Besides singing opera, it can give weather reports and remind users to take their medicine.“iPal is designed to meet the needs of the elderly, especially China's empty-nesters, as it can help to reduce their loneliness and make sure of their safety. The robot, for example, can send a live feed of its elderly users to their children or relatives. It can also send alerts(警报) if users are injured or someone is breaking into their home.” said Wang Wenping, marketing director of the robot's producer AvatarMind, a Nanjing-based robotics company."China's population is aging rapidly. However, senior care services are not sufficient to cover the growing demand. The elderly need to be cared for, and yet their children are often busy with work. This gives intelligent service robots a role to play in the future. We see a big market potential." Wang said.AvatarMind is among the many Chinese robotics companies that plan to step into the senior care market.Though senior care robots have gained attention at exhibitions and received some market recognition, Chinese robotics companies still face great challenges."Robots are only beginning to enter China's senior care market. It takes a lot of time and money to improve our products and attract new customers," said Wang Wenping. "We need to make progress in combining robotics with AI(人工智能）and big data to make our robots smarter."But Wang added that robots can help entertain and look after the elderly who live alone, but care from family is what really matters.32. What can we learn about iPal?A. It can fully meet the needs of the elderly.B. It is the best robot to serve the elderly.C. It can serve the elderly in many ways.D. It is very popular among the elderly.33. Which is closest to the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 4?A. Enough.B. Popular.C. Intelligent.D. Patient.34. What is the main challenge AvatarMind is faced with?A. Its robots are not accepted by the elderly at all.B. The prices of robots are still too high.C. There is a long way to go to perfect their robots.D. There is too much foreign competition in the market.35. What is the most important to the elderly according to Wang Wenping?A. Making the robots smart enough.B. Family care for the elderly.C. Making the robots attractive.D. Combining robots with AI and big data.参考答案：32—35 CACB[六]LOS ANGELES, Nov. 12 (Xinhua)—Legendary comic book writer Stan Lee has died at the age of 95, according to media reports on Monday.Lee, born in Stanley Lieber on Dec. 28, 1922, began his career in 1939 and joined the Marvel Comics in 1961.He is considered as one of the most legendary names in the history of comic books and the leading creative force behind the rise of Marvel Comics. He co-created iconic fictional characters such as Spider-Man, X-Men, the Avengers, and many more.Lee’s characters often have super powers, but they also have weaknesses. They were humans, not gods. They not only struggled to save the world, but also to pay their bills, make friends, and hold jobs. This made Marvel comic book heroes stand apart from its competitor DC, which produced the seemingly perfect heroes like Superman and Wonder Woman. Those superheroes have been adapted into blockbuster films, most of which were made after Disney acquired Marvel in a 4-billion-dollar deal in 2009.In a statement, Bob Iger, chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company said Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created.Marvel also praised Lee on its website by putting on one of Lee’s famous quotes, which goes, “I used to be embarrassed because I was just a comic-book writer while other people were building bridges or going on to medical careers. And then I began to realize: entertainment is one of the most important things in people’s lives. Without it, they might go off the deep end. I feel that if you’re able to entertain, you’re doing a good thing. ”Praise from his Hollywood peers and colleagues was generous. President of Marvel Studios Kevin Feige appreciated Lee’s unparalleled impact on the industry. “No one has had more of an impact on my career than Stan Lee, ” Feige said. “Our thoughts are with his family and the millions of fans who have been forever touched by Stan’s genius, charisma and heart. ”28. How do Lee’s characters differ from those of DC?A. They are perfect heroes.B. They often have super powers.C. They are not humans, but gods.D. They have human shortcomings.29. We can learn from Lee’s statement in Paragraph 6 that ________.A. it is embarrassing to be a comic-book writerB. a taste of entertainment is necessary in people’s livesC. entertainment is the most important thing in the worldD. you can do everything well if you are able to entertain30. According to the passage, we could know that ________.A. Lee influenced Kevin Feige’s career a lotB. Lee joined the Marvel Comics in his fortiesC. Lee created the fictional characters all by himselfD. The superheroes were adapted into films before Disney acquired Marvel31. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Comics Legend—the Marvels and DCB. The Superheroes in Stan Lee’s ComicsC. Marvel’s Comics Legend Stan Lee Dies at 95D. The Life Story of Marvel Comics Legend Stan Lee参考答案：28-31DBAC[七]A pretty face is never forgotten. Do you believe so? But maybe it is untrue! Psychologists believe beautiful people are less likely to be recognized. A new study suggests that attractiveness can actually prevent the recognition of faces, unless a pretty face has particularly distinctive features, such as Angelina Jolie’s.German psychologists think the recognition of pretty faces is distorted (扭曲) by emotions. Researchers Holger Wiese, Carolin Altmann and Stefan Schweinberger at the University of Jena, Germany, discovered in a study that photos of unattractive people were more easily remembered than pretty ones when they showed them to a group of people.For the study, which was published in science magazine Neuropsychologia, the psychologists showed photos of faces to test subjects. Half of the faces were considered to be more attractive and the other half as less attractive, but all of them were being thought of as similarly distinctive looking. The test subjects were shown the faces for just a few seconds to memorize them and were shown them again during the test so that they could decide if they recognized them or not.The researchers were surprised by the result. “Until now we assumed that it was generally easier to memorize faces which are being considered as attractive, just because we prefer looking at beautiful faces,” Dr. Wiese said. But the study showed that such a connection cannot be easily proven. He assumes that remembering pretty faces is distorted by emotional influences, which enhance the sense of recognition at a later time. The researchers’ idea is backed up by evidence from EEG-recordings (脑电图记录) they used during their experiment which show the brains’electric activity.The study also revealed that in the case of attractive faces, considerably more false positive results were detected. In other words, people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before. “We obviously tend to believe that we recognize a face just because we find it attractive.” Dr. Wiese said.32. What do we know about the photos from Paragraph 3?A. They were all of pretty faces.B. They were selected at random.C. They were not distinctive at all.D. They were showed twice to the test subjects.33. What does the underlined phrase “false positive results” in the last paragraph mean?A. People actually only recognize few pretty faces.B. People recognize more ugly faces than pretty ones.C. People claim to recognize a face they have never seen.D. People recognize fewer faces than they have thought.34. What can be inferred from the new study?A. People are reluctant to recognize ugly faces.B. Beautiful people are particularly distinctive.C. Attractiveness prevents the recognition of faces.D. Attractive faces are always easy to be recognized.35. Which word can show the author’s attitude towards the findings of the research?A. Doubtful.B. Disapproving.C. Favorable.D. Objective.参考答案：32-35DCAD[八]How old is too old to go trick-or-treating? Chesapeake of Virginia says the answer to that question is anyone over the age of 12.City officials recently announced that doorbell-ringing candy seekers over the age of 12 could face a charge, up to six months in jail, and $25 to $100 fines. They're far from alone. Meridian of Mississippi, Bishopville of South Carolina, and Boonsboro of Maryland, also have set the age at 12. The phenomenon isn't limited to the US: In 2017, Bathurst, a town in Canada, banned anyone older than 16.Officials say they won't be actively looking to catch teenage trick-or-treaters in the act. The age limits are part of a broader push to limit pranks and tricks. Some parents think that preventing older kids from participating in Halloween traditions will have the opposite effect.A Facebook post last year argued that all kids, regardless of age, should be allowed to take part in trick-or-treating. It was shared more than 4,000 times, with close to 700 comments.Some parents argued that kids shouldn't be spoiled. Others argued that even older kids should be encouraged to take part in it in the sense of wonder and excitement, and most said they were willing to give candy to whoever dressed up. That seems consistent with the scientific studies that play is essential to help children develop into healthy, well-adapted people, and that play encourages kids to develop collaboration and creativity.Given how over-scheduled, anxious, and unhappy today's teens are, maybe a little Halloween magic is exactly in order.24. How many American cities that have set the limit of going trick-or-treating are mentioned?A. One city.B. Two cities.C. Three cities.D. Four cities.25. Why did the officials decide to prevent teens from going trick-or-treating?A. Because the teens are too old to go trick-or-treating..B. Because it is thought that the teens will do something harmful.C. Because some parents are afraid that kids can be spoiled.D. Because that seems consistent with the scientific studies.26. What may most people agree with according to the passage?A. All people should take part in the Halloween traditional activities.B. Halloween tradition is no longer as attractive as before.C. It's not a good idea to limit the age of going trick-or treating.D. Play is necessary to help children develop into healthy and well-adapted people.27. What is the author's attitude towards the age limit of going trick-or-treating?A. disapprovingB. objectiveC. favorableD. indifferent 参考答案：24-27 DBCA[九]There is an ancient Chinese story about a giant man named Kua Fu who chases the sun. He drains (喝干) the Yellow and Wei rivers during his race and finally dies of dehydration(脱水). His failure has reminded people of the unstoppable power of the sun for centuries. And yet, scientiststhroughout history have tried to better understand the most important star in our sky. On Aug 12, 2018, NASA launched the Parker Solar Probe(探测器), marking the start of its trip to the sun.The probe itself is almost as big as a car and needed the help of a powerful rocket to escape Earth's orbit, change direction and reach the sun. In order to reach the sun, the probe must complete seven flight of Venus, using the power of the planet's gravity to change its path, sending it toward the sun. But that's not the only difficult part of the journey. As the probe approaches the sun's corona(日冕), it will have to bear temperatures reaching 1,400 C, as well as deal with serious radiation. So how will the probe survive?According to NASA, a special shield (保护罩) has been used, which is a special 11.5 cm-thick carbon-composite shield that will be positioned between the probe and the sun's corona. Its advanced technology like this will make the probe's trip to the sun much smoother. If everything goes as planned, the probe will reach a speed of 692,018 kilometers per hour as it orbits the sun, setting a new record for the fastest man-made object in history, NBC noted. It will fly close to the sun 24 times between 2018 and 2025, NBC added.The "mission to touch the sun" will "not only make history by answering questions that have puzzled scientists for decades, but it may also lead to the discovery of new phenomena that are completely unknown to us now," Raouafi told Discovery Magazine. "This mission has the potential to push solar research into a new direction," he added.28. What does "it" underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?A. A powerful rocket.B. The probe.C. Venus.D. The planet's gravity.29. What do we know about the Parker Solar Probe?A. It’s the fastest probe ever designed.B. It has an 11.5-inch-thick shield.C. It was designed to carry a powerful rocket.D. It’s twice the size of a car.30. The probe will meet the challenges except ________.A. the route to the sunB. the heat near the sunC. the distance to the sunD. the radiation from the sun31. What’s the main purpose of the last paragraph?A. To stress the importance of advanced technology.B. To prove the mission is the greatest move in human history.C. To suggest there is a long way to go in solar exploration.D. To show the mission will fill a gap in solar research.参考答案：28-31 BACD[十]An excellent way to kill a conversation is to say you are a mathematician. Tell others you are also a musician, however, and they will be hooked. Although there are obvious similarities between mathematical and musical activity, there is no direct evidence for the kind of magical connection many people seem to believe in.I’m partly referring here to the “Mozart effect”, where children who have been playing Mozart compositions are supposedly more intelligent, including at maths, than other children. It is not hard to see why such a theory would be popular: we would all like to become better at maths without putting in any effort. But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest. If you want your brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the piano, it also takes effort.Surely a connection is quite reasonable. Both maths and music deal with abstract structures, so if you become good at one, then it is likely that you become good at something more general that helps you with the other. If this is correct, it would show a connection between mathematical and musical ability. It would be more like the connection between abilities at football and tennis. To become better at one, you need to improve your fitness and coordination (协调). That makes you better at sport and probably helps with the other.Abstract structures don’t exist only in maths and music. If you learn a language then you need to understand its abstract structures like grammar. Yet we don’t hear people asking about a connection between mathematical and linguistic (语言的) ability. Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so there wouldn’t be any connection between the two.Let’s see how we solve problems of the “A is to B as C is to D”kind. These appear in intelligence tests but they are also important to both music and maths. Consider the opening of Mozart’s Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (小夜曲).The second phrase (小节) is a clear answer to the first. The listener thinks: “The first phrase goes upward and uses the notes of a G major chord (和弦); what would be the corresponding phrase that goes downward and uses the notes of a D7?” Music is full of puzzles like this. If you are good at them, expectations will constantly be set up in your mind. The best moments surprise you by being unexpected, but we need the expectations in the first place.32. What does the author say about “Mozart effect”？A. The goal of it was not carefully thought about.B. The findings from it gave people wrong information.C. The interest people showed in it was unexpected.D. The way it was carried out proved to be ineffective.33. The author mentioned football and tennis in Paragraph 3 to show that ______.A. football and tennis are played in a similar way.B. certain skills may be developed through practice.C. music and maths have something in common.D. abstract structures bring benefits to various fields.34. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that ______.A. language seems more like maths than music does.B. language is less appealing to learners.C. mathematicians are good at music learning.D. the structure of language is easier to learn than that of music.35. What does the writer intend to state in the last paragraph?A. How music differs from maths.B. Why musicians possess mathematical abilities.C. Why Mozart is so highly considered by mathematicians.D. How abstract thinking applies to both music and maths.参考答案：32-35 BCAD。