美丽中国1
美丽中国1
美丽中国，美好家园敬爱的老师、亲爱的同学们：上午好！我演讲的题目是：美丽中国，美好家园，我们在行动！党的十八大胜利召开，从庄严的人民大会堂传来一个洪亮的声音，“把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族永续发展。
”是啊，“美丽中国”，这是一个多么普通而又令人充满无限向往的词汇！当我们的家园和“美丽”联系在一起时，怎能叫人不感到亲切与自豪呢？可是，放眼现实，却又令我们感到无比的忧虑。
近期以来，中国中东部广大地区被持续的雾霾天气袭击，多个城市发布橙色预警。
有报告显示，中国最大的500个城市中，只有不到1%的城市达到世界卫生组织推荐的空气质量标准，与此同时，世界上污染最严重的10个城市有7个在中国。
此外，还有上海的松江死猪污染事件，兰州自来水污染事件。
这一桩桩、一件件严重的环境污染事件的发生，都让我们的心情感到无比的沉重。
再看看我们生活的周围，大街上运输车辆洒落泥土，扬起满地的烟尘，让人双目难睁；随意焚烧垃圾塑料和工厂偷排的废气，让人难以呼吸。
这更让我们深切感受到，环境污染给人们健康生活所带来的严峻挑战。
我们不禁要问，难道我们所努力创造的经济财富，换来的就是这样的结果吗？难道将来的孩子，不仅看不到绿水青山，呼吸不到新鲜的空气，就连最美的太阳都很少见吗？美丽中国，已经成了我们一根敏感易痛的神经。
但我们不能让这根神经后面连着的每一颗心冷漠下去，我们需要唤起关注，我们更要付诸行动。
作为在校学生，建设美丽中国、美好家园，就要从打造美丽校园开始。
我们应该守住校园的绿色，用爱心去维护校园的环境卫生，用热情去传播绿色的理念！我们能做到的其实很多，不随地吐痰，不乱扔垃圾，节约纸张，节约用水、用电，顺手把掉在地上的果皮纸屑放入垃圾箱，用心呵护校园里的一草一木。
我们还可以积极的向周围的人们传播绿色环保理念。
如果你的父母、亲人是企业家，你可以告诉他，重视环保，不乱排、偷排废水废气；如果你的父母、亲人是汽车司机，你可以告诉他，重视环保，节约汽油，不驾驶排放不合格的车辆；如果你的父母、亲人是农民，你可以告诉他，重视环保，合理使用农药化肥……建设美丽中国、营造美好家园，是一种态度，是一种行动，更是一种责任与习惯。
美丽中国 - 字幕学习版 wild china cd1
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(FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)hatch孵出vi.be reared养obedience顺从~ totally记分tiddlers小鱼儿pl.collar项圈tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置wriggling蠕动的downhearted情绪低沉的single挑选(一个) ~ out nymphs少女pl.fetch到达vt.resilient适应力强的. Swinhoe黄嘴gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴round up聚拢vt.be reckoned认为~ adj. network网络marvel惊叹vi. ~ at pinnacles顶点pl.newt蝾螈salamander蝾螈distressed痛苦的amphibian两栖动物ancestral祖先的reptile爬行动物,hatch孵出vi. ~ outtrail踪迹.membrane薄膜chalky钙质的(CHIRPING啾啾声) alligators短吻鳄pl. (CHATTERING喋喋不休) charges管理pl.fend照料vi. ~ for granite花岗岩epitomise化身vt. resilience适应力forested森林的inhabitants居民pl. macaques猕猴pl. descendants后代pl. (SCREECHING尖叫) rough-and-tumble扭打the alpha male男一号moccasin大毒蛇ambush埋伏venomous有毒的serpents大毒蛇pl.be spotted认出viper毒蛇high-yield产量很高的reap收割vt.be snapped up争购gangs帮pl. ~ of youngsters年轻人have fledged长羽毛vi. persist持续vi.plump and ripe丰满的uppermost最高的fish to fry另有要事be drained排水vt.be revealed揭露vt. carp鲤鱼smokehouse熏制室scales鳞pl.distinctly无疑地tundra苔原/冻土refuge庇护所exploitation剥削brink(悬崖/河流)边缘(SQUAWKING叫鸣)NARRATOR: The last hidden world,China.For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapesand surprising creatures.Chinese civilisation is the world's oldestand today, its largest,with well over a billion people.It's home to more than 50 distinct不同的ethnic种族的groupsand a wide range of traditional lifestyles,often in close partnership with nature.We know that China faces immense广大的social and environmental problems. But there is great beauty here, too.China is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from searing灼热的hotto mind-numbing乏味/厌烦的cold.Steaming冒蒸汽的forests harbouring rare稀有的creatures.Grassy多草的plains beneath vast horizons.And rich tropical seas.Now for the first time ever,we can explore the whole of this great country,meet some of the surprising and exotic外(国)来的/奇异的creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable引人注目的landscape in which they live.This is <Wild China>.Our exploration of China begins in the warm, subtropical亚热带的south.On the Li River, fishermen and birds perch暂栖on bamboo rafts木排/筏；a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years.This scenery风景/布景is known throughout遍及the world,a recurring再发的motif(作品)主题in Chinese paintings.And a major tourist attraction.The south of China is a vast广阔的area,eight times larger than the UK.It's a landscape of hills but also of water.(THUNDER RUMBLING(发)隆隆声)It rains here for up to 250 days a year,and standing water is everywhere.(THUNDER RUMBLING)In the floodplain河滩of the Yangtze River,black-tailed godwits黑尾鹬yùprobe探索the mud in search of worms.But isn't just wildlife that thrives兴旺in this environment.The swampy沼泽/泥泞的ground provides ideal conditionsfor a remarkable member of the grass family.Rice.The Chinese have been cultivating栽培rice for at least 8,000 years.It has transformed the landscape.Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy稻田fields ready for the coming spring. These hill slopes斜坡of the Yuanyang County plunge猛冲nearly 2,000 metres to the floor of the Red River valley.Each contains literally简直thousands of stacked成堆的terraces地坪/梯田carved out by hand using basic digging tools.Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China.Still ploughed犁, as they always have been,by domesticated驯化的water buffaloes,whose ancestors originated in these very valleys.This man-made landscapeis one of the most amazing engineering feats功绩of pre-industrial China.It seems as if every square平方inch of landhas been pressed into cultivation耕作.As evening approaches, an age-old ritual(宗教等的)仪式unfolds展开.It's the mating交配seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of the females.But it doesn't always pay to draw too much attention to yourself.The Chinese pond heron苍鹭is a pitiless predator食肉动物. (SQUAWKS)Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field,nature is red in beak鸟喙and claw爪.This may look like a slaughter屠杀but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time,the vast majority will escape to croak蛙鸣another day.Terraced paddies like those of the Yuanyang Countyare found across much of southern China.This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation.In hilly多小山的Guizhou Province,the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture.With every inch of fertile肥沃的land given over to rice cultivation,the Miao build their wooden houseson the steepest and least productive hillsides山腰.In Chinese rural农村的life, everything has a use.Dried in the sun, manure肥料from the cow sheds棚will be used as cooking fuel.(WOMEN CHATTERING IN CHINESE)It's midday正午, and the Song familyare tucking into大吃a lunch of rice and vegetables.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)Oblivious to the domestic家庭的chit-chat闲聊,Granddad Gu Yong Xiu has serious matters on his mind.Spring is the start of the rice growing season.The success of the crop作物will determine how well the family will eat next year, so planting at the right time is critical决定性的.The ideal date日期depends on what the weather will do this year,never easy to predict.But there is some surprising help at hand.On the ceiling of the Songs' living room, a pair of red-rumped尾的swallows, newly arrived from their winter migration,is busy fixing up last year's nest.In China, animals are valued as much for their symbolic meaningas for any good they may do.Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life,so their presence is a favour恩惠and a blessing,bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home.Like most Miao dwellings民居, the Songs' living room windowslook out over the paddy fields.From early spring, one of these windows is always left opento let the swallows come and go freely.Each year, granddad Gu notes注意/记录the exact day the swallows return.Miao people believe the birds' arrival predicts the timing时间安排of the season ahead.This year, they were late.So Gu and the other community elders have agreedthat rice planting should be delayed accordingly.As the Miao prepare their fields for planting,the swallows collect mud to repair their nestsand chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies.Finally, after weeks of preparation,the ordained命令time for planting has arrived.But first the seedlings幼苗must be uprooted连根拔起from the nursery保育beds and bundled捆up ready to be transported to their new paddyhigher up the hillside.All the Songs' neighbours have turned out to help with the transplanting移栽.It's how the community has always worked.When the time comes, the Songs will return the favour.While the farmers are busy in the fields,the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest.Many hands make light work.Planting the new paddy takes little more than an hour.Job done, the villagers can relax,at least until tomorrow.But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a familyhas only just begun.In the newly planted fields, little egrets白鹭hunt for food.The rice paddies harbour tadpoles蝌蚪, fish and insectsand the egrets have chicks小鸟to feed.This colony(动/植物的)群体in Chongqing Province was established in 1996, when a few dozen birds built nests in the bamboo grove丛behind Yang Guang village.Believing they were a sign迹象of luck,local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grew.But their attitude changed when the head of the village fell ill.They blamed the birds and were all set to决心destroy their nests,when the local government stepped in干预to protect them.Bendy易弯的bamboo may not be the safest nesting place,but at least this youngster won't end up as someone's dinner.These chicks have just had an eel鳝鱼delivered by their mum,quite a challenge for little beaks.(CHIRPING鸣叫)Providing假如their colonies are protected,wading涉水birds like egrets are among the few wild creatureswhich benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation.Growing rice needs lots of water.But even in the rainy south,there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce.This vast area of southwest China,the size of France and Spain combined,is famous for its clusters群of conical圆锥体的hills,like giant upturned翻过来的egg cartons纸板盒, separated by dry empty valleys. This is the karst喀斯特, a limestone石灰石terrain地形which has become the defining image of southern China.Karst landscapes are often studded钉扣with rocky outcrops(岩石）露头, forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields.The people who live here are among the poorest in China.In neighbouring Yunnan Province,limestone rocks have taken over entirely.This is the famous Stone Forest,the product of countless years of erosion腐蚀,producing a maze迷宫of deep gullies小峡谷and sharp-edged pinnacles顶点. Limestone has the strange property性能that it dissolves in rainwater.Over many thousands of years water has corroded腐蚀its waydeep into the heart of the bedrock岩床/底itself.This natural wonder is a famous tourist spot,receiving close to two million visitors each year.The Chinese are fond of curiously-shaped rocksand many have been given fanciful想象的names.No prizes奖赏for guessing what this one is called!But there's more to this landscape than meets the eye.China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns洞穴concealed隐藏beneath the visible landscape of the karst.Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyesand is only just now being explored.(MAN SPEAKING CHINESE)For a growing band of intrepid勇敢的young Chinese explorers,caves represent the ultimate adventure.Exploring a cave is like taking a journey through time.A journey which endless raindrops will have followed over countless centuries. Fed by countless drips滴and trickles细流,the subterranean地下的river carves ever deeper into the rock.The cave river's course路线is channelled by the beds of limestone.A weakness in the rock can allow the riverto increase its gradient坡度and flow-rate,providing a real challenge for the cave explorers.The downward rush is halted when the water table is reached.Here the slow-flowing river carves tunnels地道with a more rounded profile轮廓. (MEN CHATTERING)This tranquil平静的world is home to specialised cave fishes,like the eyeless golden barb鱼钩.China may have more unique kinds of cave-evolved进化fishesthan anywhere else on earth.Above the water table,ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill upwith stalactites钟乳石and stalagmites石笋.Stalactites form as trickling water deposits沉淀tiny quantities of rockover hundreds or thousands of years.Stalagmites grow up where lime-laden drips hit the cave floor.Oi!Whoo-hoo!So far, only a fraction片断of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected勘探and cavers are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels惊叹,many of which are subsequently接着developed into commercial show caves. Finally escaping the darkness,the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valleyfar from where their journey began.For now, the adventure is over.Rivers which issue流出from cavesare the key to survival in the karst country.This vertical垂直的gorge峡谷in Guizhou Provinceis a focal焦点的point for the region's wildlife.This is one of the world's rarest primates,Frangois' langur长尾猴.In China they survive in just two southern provinces,Guizhou and Guangxi, always in rugged崎岖的limestone terrains.Like most monkeys, they are social creaturesand spend a great deal of time grooming梳理each other.Langurs are essentially本质上vegetarianwith a diet of buds叶芽, fruits and tender young leaves.Babies are born with ginger姜黄色的fur柔毛,which gradually turns black from the tail end.Young infants have a vice老虎钳-like grip, used to cling on to mum for dear life. As they get older, they get bolder and take more risks.Those that survive spend a lot of time travelling.The experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal foodsin different parts of their range.In such steep terrain, travel involves a high level of climbing skill.These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbersfrom the time they learn to walk.In langur society, females rule the roost栖息and take the lead when the family is on the move.One section of cliff悬崖oozes渗出a trickle of mineral-rich waterwhich the monkeys seem to find irresistible无法抗拒的.These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve自然保护区which might pose a risk to a baby monkey.But in past centuries, this area of south Chinawas home to leopards豹, pythons蟒蛇and even tigers.To survive dangerous night prowlers徘徊者, the langurs went underground, using their rock-climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible达不到的caverns. Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera,the troop群clambers along familiar ledges岩架worn smooth by generations before them.During cold winter weather, the monkeys venture冒险deeper underground where the air stays comparatively相对地warm.At last, journey's end.A cosy niche壁龛beyond the reach of even the most enterprising有进取心的predator.But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves.These children are off to school.In rural China that may mean a long trek长途跋涉each morning,passing through a cave or two on the way.But not all pupils have to walk to school.These children are boarders寄宿者.(LAUGHING)As the day pupils near journey's end,the boarders are still making breakfast.In the schoolyard, someone seems to have switched开/关the lights off.But this is no ordinary playground, and no ordinary school.It's housed inside a cave!A natural vault穴of rock keeps out the rainso there's no need for a roof on the classroom.Zhongdong cave school is made up of six classes,with a total of 200 children.As well as the school, the cave houses 18 families,together with their livestock家畜.(COW MOOING哞哞叫)These could be the only cave-dwelling cows on earth.(PIG SQUEALS长而尖地叫)With schoolwork over, it's playtime at last.In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter,they can be a source of revenue收入for the community.People have been visiting this cave for generations.The cave floor is covered in guano（海）鸟粪,so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets.It's used as a valuable source of fertilizer肥料.A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river.The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave.The entrance is full of swifts雨燕.They're very sociable birds.More than 200,000 of them share this cavein southern Guizhou Province, the biggest swift colony in China.These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings,but rock crevices裂缝like these were their original home,long before houses were invented.Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter,they never stray走失further than the limits of daylight,as their eyes can't see in the dark.However, deep inside the cavern,other creatures are better equipped for subterranean life.A colony of bats is just waking up,using ultrasonic超声波的squeaks to orientate定位themselves in the darkness. Night is the time to go hunting.Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asiawhich specialises in catching fishes,tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples涟漪on the water surface.This extraordinary behaviourwas only discovered in the last couple of years,and has never been filmed before.If catching fish in the dark is impressive,imagine eating a slippery minnow鲦鱼with no hands while hanging upside down. Dawn over the karst hills of Guilin.These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapesto the mildly acid waters of the Li River,whose meandering蜿蜒而行course over eons千万年of timehas corroded away their bases until only the rocky cores remain.The Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China,a favourite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants鸬鹚.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)The men, all called Huang, come from the same village.Now in their 70s and 80s, they've been fishermen all their lives.Before they release the birds, they tie a noose绳套loosely松散地around the neck to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch.(SPLASHING溅泼)Chanting反复有节奏的喊叫and dancing,the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge.Underwater, the cormorant's hunting instinct本能kicks in生效,turning them into fish-seeking missiles导弹.(CHANTING)Working together, a good cormorant teamcan catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning.(FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)The birds return to the raft with their fishbecause they've been trained to do so.From the time it first hatched孵出, each of these cormorants has been reared养to a life of obedience顺从to its master.The birds are, in effect, slaves.But they're not stupid.It's said that cormorants can keep a tally记分of the fish they catch,at least up to seven.So unless they get a reward now and then they simply withdraw their labour.The fishermen, of course, keep the best fish for themselves.The cormorants get the leftover tiddlers小鱼儿.With its collar项圈removed, the bird at last can swallow its prize.Best of all, one it isn't meant to have!(FISHERMAN SHOUTING)These days, competition from modern fishing techniquesmeans the Huangs can't make a livingfrom traditional cormorant fishing alone.And this 1,300-year-old traditionis now practised mostly to entertain tourists.But on Caohai Lake in nearby Guizhou Province,an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well.Geng Zhong Sheng is on his way to set out his nets for the night.Geng's net is a strange tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置with a closed-off end. More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake.Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive,and there are nets everywhere.The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch.(SPEAKING CHINESE)At first sight, it looks disappointing.Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling蠕动bugs.Geng doesn't seem too downhearted情绪低沉的.The larger fish are kept alive,the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat.Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled挑选(一个) out for special treatment. They're the young stage of dragonflies,predators that feed on worms and tadpoles.Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs少女harvested like this.Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry.This being China, nothing edible will be wasted.There's a saying in the far south,"We will eat anything with legs except a table,"and anything with wings except a plane."Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be bagged upand taken to market.It's the dragonfly nymphs that fetch到达the best price.Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast-breeding.So Geng and his fellow fishermenhave so far had little impact on their numbers.But not all wildlife is so resilient适应力强的.(MONKS CHANTING)This Buddhist temple near Shanghai has an extraordinary story attached to it. In May 2007, a <Wild China> camera teamfilmed this peculiar Swinhoe黄嘴's turtle in the temple's fish pond. According to the monks, the turtle had been given to the templeduring the Ming dynasty, over 400 years ago.It was thought to be the oldest animal on earth.Soft-shelled turtles are considered a gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴by many Chinese,and when it was filmed,this was one of just three Swinhoe's turtles left alive in China,the rest of its kind having been rounded up聚拢and eaten.Sadly, just a few weeks after filming,this ancient creature died.The remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in separate zoos and Swinhoe's turtle is now reckoned认为extinct in the wild.In fact, most of the 25 types of freshwater turtles in Chinaare now vanishingly rare.The answer to extinction is protection.And there is now a growing network网络of nature reservesthroughout southern China.Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zhangjiajie is perhapsthe most visited by Chinese nature lovers,who come to marvel惊叹at the gravity-defying landscapeof soaring sandstone pinnacles顶点.Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks, crystal clear mountain streamsare home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature.This bizarre animal is a type of newt蝾螈,the Chinese giant salamander蝾螈.In China it is known as the baby fishbecause when distressed痛苦it makes a sound like a crying infant.It grows up to a metre and a half long,making it the world's largest amphibian两栖动物.Under natural conditions, a giant salamander may live for decades.But like so many Chinese animals, it is considered delicious to eat.Despite being classed as a protected species,giant salamanders are still illegally sold for foodand the baby fish is now rare and endangered in the wild.Fortunately, in a few areas like Zhangjiajie,giant salamanders still survive under strict official protection.The rivers of Zhangjiajie flow north east into the Yangtze floodplain,known as The Land of Fish and Rice.On an island in a lake in Anhui Province,a dragon is stirring.This is the ancestral祖先的home of China's largest and rarest reptile爬行动物, a creature of mystery and legend.Dragon eggs are greatly prized.These babies need to hatch孵出out quick!It would seem someone is on their trail踪迹.For a helpless baby reptile,imprisoned in a leathery membrane薄膜inside a chalky钙质的shell,the process of hatching is a titanic struggle.And time is running out.(CHIRPING啾啾声)It's taken two hoursfor the little dragon to get its head out of the egg.It needs to gather its strength now,for one final, massive push.Free at last,the baby Chinese alligators短吻鳄instinctively head upwardstowards the surface of the nest and the waiting outside world. (CHATTERING喋喋不休)But the visitors are not what they seem.(BOTH SPEAKING CHINESE)She Shizhen and her son live nearby.She has been caring for her local alligators for over 20 years,so she had a fair idea when the eggs were likely to hatch.Back home, she's built a pond surrounded by netting to keep out predators, where her charges管理will spend the next six monthsuntil they're big enough to fend照料for themselves.For the past 20 years,small-scale conservation projects like thisare all that have kept China's 150 wild alligators from extinction.Just south of the alligator country,dawn breaks over a very different landscape.The 1,800-metre-high granite花岗岩peaks of the Huangshan or Yellow Mountain. To the Chinese, Huangshan's pines epitomise化身the strength and resilience适应力of nature.Some of these trees are thought to be over 1,000 years old.Below the granite peaks,steep forested森林的valleys shelter surprising inhabitants居民.Huangshan macaques猕猴, rare descendants后代of the Tibetan macaques of western China,are unique to these mountain valleyswhere they enjoy strict official protection.(SCREECHING尖叫)After a morning spent in the treetops,the troop is heading for the shade of the valley.A chance for the grown-ups to escape the heatand maybe pick up a lunch snack from the stream.As in most monkey societies,social contact involves a lot of grooming.Grooming is all very well for grown-ups,but young macaques have energy to burn.(SCREECHING)Like so much monkey business,what starts off as a bit of playful rough-and-tumble扭打,soon begins to get out of hand.The alpha male男一号has seen it all before.He's not in the least bothered.But someone, or something, is watching,with a less than friendly interest.The Chinese moccasin大毒蛇is an ambush埋伏predator with a deadly bite. This is one of China's largest and most feared venomous有毒的snakes.But the monkeys have lived alongside these dangerous serpents大毒蛇for thousands of years.(MONKEYS SCREECHING)They use this specific alarm call to warn each otherwhenever a snake is spotted认出.Once its cover is blown, the viper毒蛇poses no threat to the monkeys,now safe in the treetops.And life soon returns to normal.By late summer, the rice fields of southern China have turned to gold.The time has come to bring in the harvest.Nowadays, modern high-yield产量很高的strainsare grown throughout much of the rice lands,boosted by chemical fertilizers and reaped收割by combine harvesters.。
美丽中国中英文字幕 第01集 龙之心 Heart of the Dragon
美丽中国（Wild China）第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot 到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久 a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world 那是中国水墨永恒的主题 a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里是山雨的国度It's a landscape of hills but also of water这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment 沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family are tucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat 寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living room a pair of red-rumpedswallownewly arrive from their winter migration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest 在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithfulfor life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest 人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in the bamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck 他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected 像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined 因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills 连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg carton seperated by dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live here are among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this lands cape than meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth在地下水位线Above the water table远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites含有沉积物的水流St alactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness 在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country 贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life随着年龄的增长As they get older他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk叶猴族群In langur society是母系社会females rule the roost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move峭壁一侧One section of cliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water 这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges 被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them 当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground 空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm 旅途的终点At last, journeys end,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast 校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground以及正规的学校and no ordinary school只不过是座Its house洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave天然拱顶阻隔了雨水 A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of 6 classes共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses 18 families是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds约200000多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony in China如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前but rock crevasses like these were their original home这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方long before houses were invented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter他们却必定在日落前归巢they never stray further than the limits of daylight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物as their eyes can't see in dark然而洞穴深处However, deep inside the cavern是一群更适应地下are the creatures are better equipped隐秘生活的居民for subterranean life一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来 A colony of bats is just waking up他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位using ultrasonic squeaks to orientate themselves in the darkness夜晚是狩猎时间Night is the time to go huntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishes通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现This extraordinary behavior was only discovered in the last couple of years现在首次被记录下来展示给世人and has never been filmed before如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议If catching fish in the dark is impressive想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagine eating a slippery minnow with no hands while hanging upside down拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn, over the karst hills of Guilin这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapes漓江那弱酸性的水质to the mildly acid waters of the Li River亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whose meandering course over eons of time has corrode away their basis只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来until only the rocky course remained漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China 是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点a favorite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄The men, all called Huang, come from the same village他们来自同一个村落now in their seventies and eighties他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生they've been fishermen all their lives在释放鱼鸟之前Before they release the birds他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索they tie a noose, loosely around the neck 以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancing and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge在水下Under water鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发the cormorant's hunting instinct kicks in 他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turning them into fish seeking missiles一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Working together,一早上便能收获颇丰a good cormorant team can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子The birds return to the raft with their fish because they've been trained to do so从出生的那一刻起From the time it first hatched鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆each of these cormorants has been reared to a life of obedience to its master这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶The birds are, in effect, slaves但是它们并不是白痴But they are not stupid据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It's said the cormorants can key the tally of the fish they catch至少能记住七条at least up to seven除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了So unless they get a reward now and then,they simply withdraw their labor渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己The fishermen of course keep the best fish for themselves鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分The cormorants get the leftover tiddlies项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了With its collar removed，the bird can at last swallow its prize 最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Best of all,when it isn't meant to have...而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争These days,competition for modern fishing techniques意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了means the Huangs can't make a living from traditional cormorant fishing alone这一流传了1300多年的传统And this 1300-year old tradition如今只能成为取悦游客的表演is now practiced mostly to entertain tourists但在贵州省附近的草海湖上But on Caohai lake in nearby Guizhou Province一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上Geng Zhongsheng is on his way to set out his net for the night老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng's net is a strange tubular contraption with a closed off end上百渔夫依靠这个More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive并在此布下天罗地网and there are nets everywhere第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch乍看之下收获平平At first sight, it looks disappointing小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling bugs然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Geng doesn't seem too down hearted大鱼被保持存活The larger fish are kept alive这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat 令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled out for special treatment它们是蜻蜓的幼虫They are the young stage of dragonflies 以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predators that feed on worms and tadpoles这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs harvested like this回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It's being in China, nothing edible would be wasted在遥远的南方有这样一种说法There is a saying in the far south“长腿的唯桌子不吃"We will eat anything with legs, except a table;长翅膀的独飞机不啃”and anything with wings, except a plane."几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be backed up and taken to market其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格Its the dragonfly nymphs that fetch the best price幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast breeding所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量so Geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little impact on their numbers但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃But not all wildlife is so resilient这所上海附近的佛庙This buddhist temple near Shanghai有一段与之相关的传奇故事has an extraordinary story attached to it2007年5月In May 2007一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里A Wild China camera team filmed this peculiar Swinhoe's turtle拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟in the temple's fishpond据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙According to the monks, this turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming dynasty至今已有400余年历史了over 400 years ago它被认为是地球上最老的动物It was thought to be the oldest animal on Earth软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Soft shell turtles are considerd a god-made delicacy by many Chinese在被记录下的时候and when it was filmed它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一this was one of just three Swinhoe's Turtles left alive in China他的同胞们The rest of its kind被当作食物剿杀殆尽having been rounded up and eaten悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后Sadly, just a few weeks after filming 这只远古的生物与世长辞了this ancient creature died他的其他同类现在被散养在不同动物园保护着The remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in seperate zoos据测算现在斑龟在自然界中已经灭绝了and Swinhoe's Turtle is now reckoned extinct in the wild事实上中国25种淡水龟中In fact, most of the 25 types of fresh water turtles in China多数都已然濒危are now vanishingly rare杜绝物种灭绝的唯一途径The answer to extinction就是加以保护is protection这里有贯穿中国南方的不断壮大的自然保护区网络And there is now a growing network of nature reserves through southern China其中张家界天子山那由沙石构成的高耸的Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zangjiajie is perhaps the most visited by Chinese nature lovers塔状反重力地貌最受中国自然爱好者的青睐who come to marvel at the gravity-defying landscape of soaring sand stone pinnacles蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks 居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crystal clear mountain streams are home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature这种奇异的动物This bizarre animal属于蝾螈的一种is a type of newt中国大鲵the Chinese Giant Salamander在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼In China, it is known as the baby fish这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音because when distressed, it makes a sound like a crying infant成年体长1~1.5米It grows up to a meter and a half long这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物making it the world's largest amphibian在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Under natural conditions, a Giant Salamander may live decades但是和很多其他中国动物一样But like so many Chinese animals 它被视为美味佳肴it is considered delicious to eat。
Wild China1-12美丽中国中英文字幕
Beneath billowing clouds, 在翻騰的雲霧之下 3 in China's far southwestern Yunnan province, 處在中國西南邊境的雲南省 4 lies a place of mystery and legend. 是個充滿神秘與傳奇的地方 5 Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world. 這裏有浩瀚的河川及世上年代最悠久的森林 6 Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures, 隱密的溪谷培育出不可思議及罕見珍奇的生物7 and colorful tribal cultures. 和多采多姿的民族文化8 Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics. 離熱帶地區這麼遠的北邊森林是很罕見的景觀9 So, why do they thrive here? 那麼此區為何會有茂盛的森林？10 And how has this rugged landscape come to harbor the greatest natural wealth in all China? 這麼惡劣的地理環境是如何庇護全中國最重要的自然資源？14 In the remote southwest corner of China, 在中國西南方的偏僻角落一個慶典即將舉行15 a celebration is about to take place. 16 Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year. 傣人為他們一年中最重要的節慶取水17 The Dai call themselves the people of the water. 傣族人自稱為水鄉之人18 Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years. 兩千多年來他們一直以雲南的河谷為家19 By bringing the river water to the temple, 他們將河水帶到佛寺20 they honor the two things holiest to them -以河水浴佛來體現他們認為最神聖的兩件事21 Buddhism and their home. 佛教與家庭23 The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture. 傣族以此敬謝河川與良地豐富了他們的文化與生活25 Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time. 也許對某些人來說這個潑水儀式只是藉口讓他們打場最過癮的水戰27 Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernize 由於城鎮的擴大及都市化傣族的生活形態正逐漸改變28 but the Water Splashing Festivals still celebrated by all. 但大家仍會慶祝潑水節29 The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture 河川深深影響傣族的生活和文化30 flow from the distant mountains of Tibet, 河流源自遙遠的西藏高山31 southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges. 往南流經雲南中部穿越重重的巨大峽谷32 The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos, 如今傣族居住在鄰近越南與泰國的熱帶地區33 but their legends tell of how their ancestors came here 但他們的傳奇故事敍述了祖先如何沿著河流34 by following the rivers from mountain land sin the cold far north. 從遙遠寒冷的北方高地來到這裏35 Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas, 橫斷山脈位於喜瑪拉雅山最東邊36 the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet. 是雲南北方與西藏的邊界37 Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range,is a site of holy pilgrimage. 橫斷山脈的頂峰卡瓦格博雪山是朝聖的聖地38 Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered. 然而它令人畏懼的山頂至今無人能征服39 Yunnan's mountains are remote,rugged and inaccessible. 雲南群山偏僻、崎嶇，人類很難接近40 Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees. 這裏的空氣稀薄溫度能降到零下40度42 This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth. 但地球上有某種動物卻只生活在這裏43 The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.雲南金絲猴44 It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests. 它們只在這些孤立的山林出沒45 No other primate lives at such high altitudes. 沒有其他的靈長類動物能居住在這麼高的海拔46 but these are true specialists.它們是真正的專家47 These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends.這些古老的山居動物造就許多傳奇故事48 Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors, 俚索族視它們為自己的祖先50 calling them "the wild men of the mountains".稱它們為山中野人51 During heavy snowfalls,even these specialists cannot feed.遇上大雪時期就連這些森林專家也無法覓食52 It seems a strange place for a monkey.這對猴子來說似乎是個奇怪的居住地53 Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food.雪一停歇，這些猴子立刻把握時間去尋找食物54 At this altitude,there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat. 在這高度很少有果子及嫩葉可吃56 90% of their diet is made up of the fine dry wisps of a curious organism. 它們九成的食物來自一種很像束狀乾草的奇怪有機物體58 Half fungus, half plant -it's lichen. 半菌半植物的地衣59 How have monkeys,normally associated with lowland jungle, 按理該住在低地森林的猴子60 come to live such are mote mountain existence? 怎麼會跑來住在偏遠的山區？61 This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks. 在這些孤絕的高峰之中還有更多奇特的動物62 A Chinese red panda. 一隻中國紅色熊貓63 Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops. 生性安靜獨居大部份的時間都在樹上64 Despite its name, 不管其名65 the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda. 紅色熊貓只是大熊貓的遠親66 It's actually more closely related to a skunk. 它跟臭鼬反而有較近的血緣關係67 But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo. 但它確實跟大熊貓一樣喜歡吃竹葉68 Southwest China's red pandas are known for their very strong facial markings 中國西南方的紅色熊貓以明顯的臉部斑紋聞名69 which distinguish them from red pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas. 這和其他生活在喜馬拉雅山的紅色熊貓大不相同70 Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forests 就像金絲猴一樣它們也被孤立在這些高海拔森林71 when the mountains quite literally rose beneath them 這是因為近代地質史上的造山運動72 in the greatest mountain-building event in recent geological history. 將它們腳下的山地整個托起拔高73 Over the last 30 million years, 在過去三千萬年74 the Indian subcontinent has been pushing northwards into Eurasia. 印度板塊一直向北推擠歐亞大陸板塊75 On the border between India and Tibet 位於西藏與印度邊界的岩石76 the rocks have been raised eight kilometers above sea level, 已經被推升到高達海平面8公里77 creating the world's highest mountain range, the Himalayas. 造就出世上最高的喜馬拉雅山脈78 But to the east, 但往東方看去79 the rocks have buckled into a series of steep north-south ridges, 連綿的山岩形成南北向的懸崖峭壁80 cutting down through the heart of Yunnan, 直接深入雲南中心81 the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan. 平行的橫斷山脈82 These natural barriers serve to isolate Yunnan's plants and animals 這些天然屏障阻絕了雲南境內的動植物互通有無83 in each adjacent valley. 每個山谷幾乎都自成一區84 While the huge temperature range between the snowy peaks 這裏的溫差很大，上面是積雪的山峰85 and the warmer slopes below 下方是溫暖的緩坡86 provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive. 氣候的多元性讓各種生命得以欣欣向榮87 Through spring, 整個春季88 the Hengduan slopes stage one of China's greatest natural spectacles. 橫斷山脈的山坡呈現中國最壯觀的自然風光89 The forests here are among the most diverse botanical areas in the world. 這裏的森林蘊藏全世界最豐富的植物品種90 Over 18,000 plant species grow here, 1萬8千多種植物有3千種是其他地區沒有的91 of which 3,000 are found nowhere else. 92 Until little more than a century ago,this place was unknown outside China.還不到一百年前這裏是不為外界所知的93 But then news reached the West但後來消息傳到西方94 of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient.原來東方還有這麼一個神秘、不為人知的世界95 Hidden among the mountains,a lost Shangri-la paradise.隱藏在群山中的世外桃源96 Western high society, in the grip of a gardening craze,西方上流社會的園藝熱潮97 was eager for exotic species from faraway places.讓他們渴望遙遠國度的奇花異草98 This gave rise to a new breed of celebrity adventurers,引領新一代的名人探險風99 intrepid botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters".大膽的植物學家勘探者亦稱為植物獵人100 Yunnan became their Holy Grail.雲南成了他們的聖杯101 Indiana Jones The most famous was Joseph Rock,a real life Indiana Jones.最出名的是喬瑟夫拉克現實生活中的印第安那鐘斯102 Remarkable film footage captured his entourage on a series of expeditions, 卓越的記錄片記錄他和同伴一系列的遠征104 as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan. 進入雲南最深的角落105 In glorious color he recorded the plant life he found 他用特別照相玻璃板106 on special photographic glass plates. 記錄五彩繽紛的植物107 Sending thousands of specimens back to the West, 把數千種樣本送回西方108 the Plant Hunters changed the gardens of the world forever. 植物獵人一舉改變了世界的花園109 Rock's success was born of a massive effort. 拉克的成功來自他的努力以赴110 For, to find his Shangri-la, 為了找到香格里拉111 not only had he to travers eendless mountain ranges, 他不只橫越數不清的山脈112 but some of the deepest gorges in the world. 還跨越一些世上最深的峽谷113 The Nujiang is called The Angry River. 怒江被稱之為忿怒的河流114 This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids 這條300公里的湍急河流115 is as much a barrier to life as are the mountains above. 如上述的山脈一樣成為許多生物的屏障116 WAVES CRASH 117 But the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here. 但是植物獵人不是最早到此地的人118 Along the Nujiang,沿著怒江119 less than 30 rope crossings allow locals passage across the torrents.會發現不到30條的繩子吊索讓當地人渡過洪流120 Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.小小村莊緊帖著山坡地121 This morning, it's market day,今早是市集日122 drawing people from up and down the valley.山坡上下的居民紛紛出門123 PIG OINKS 124 GOAT BLEATS 125 Hanging from simple rope slings,吊在吊索上126 people have been using the crossings for many hundreds of years. 這已是人們幾百年渡江的老辦法127 In such narrow, precipitous gorges在這麼狹窄的險峻峭壁128 it's by far the easiest way to get around.這是最容易的交通方式129 Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike.一旦渡過陡峭的山坡意味著還有一段徒步130 Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market. 許多人要徒步幾個小時才到市場131 The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups. 這無邊無際的山谷聚集超過12個少數民族132 Some, like the Nu people,are found only here.像怒族就只生活在此區133 The markets bring the mountain tribes together.市集讓山上的族群聚在一起134 To continue his expeditions, 為了繼續探險135 Rock had to get his entire entourage across the giant Yunnan rivers. 拉克必須讓全隊通過浩瀚的雲南大河136 He commissioned especially thick ropes made from forest rattan 他以樹藤做的粗繩為輔137 and filmed the entire event. 並拍攝整個過程138 With yak butter to smooth the ride,40 men and 15 mules made the journey. 利用犛牛油使過程平順40個人及15只騾上路了139 Not all made it across. 並不是每個人都過140 On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge, 在怒江峽谷遙遠的另一邊141 the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery. 植物獵人有個很棒的發現142 Far from thetropics, 雖然遠離熱帶143 they seemed to be entering a steamy,vibrant tropical jungle, 他們似乎進入了充滿蒸氣與生氣的熱帶雨林144 the forest of Gaoligongshan. 高黎貢山的森林145 The flora here is unlike anywhere else in the world. 這裏的植物不像世界其他地方146 Next to subtropical species,alpine plants grow in giant form. 緊臨亞熱帶植物的是生長茂盛的高山區植物147 Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons,up to 30 meters high. 萬綠森中點點紅那是高達30公尺的杜鵑花148 In April and May, their flowers turn the forests ruby red, 杜鵑花在4、5月染紅翠綠的森林149 attracting bird species found only here. 150 吸引只在此地生長的鳥類151 Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are laden with flowering epiphytes, 空氣中充滿了濕氣152 樹枝開滿美麗的花朵153 fiercely guarded by tiny sun birds,unique to these valleys. 山谷有種獨特的小太陽鳥極力保護這些花森154 Nectar feeders, these are the hummingbirds of the Old World tropics. 它們採集花蜜155 這些蜂鳥穿梭在東方世界的熱帶地區156 The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife. 高黎貢山的森林有許多中國最罕見的珍禽異獸157 This is a female Temminck's Tragopan. 這是母的紅腹角雉158 She has a colorful male admirer. 它的愛慕者鮮豔奪目159 He's hoping to woo her with his peculiar peekaboo display 希望以獨特的偷窺方式贏得佳人芳心160 but she's not about to be rushed. 但母雉不急著表態161 His colorful skin wattle reflects more light than feathers do. 公雉鮮豔的肉垂比羽毛還亮眼162 To her, this is like a neon sign. 對母雉來說就像個霓虹燈163 Seeing his chance,the male makes his move. 公雉看到機會馬上行動164 Constant moisture in the Gaoligongshan forests 高黎貢山森林的濕氣165 means that throughout the year there are always fruits on the trees. 讓樹木終年結實累累166 Such abundance of food encourages a high diversity of fruit eaters 167 豐沛的食物遠勝於一般熱帶林地168 more commonly found in the tropics. 所以也聚集各式各樣的食果動物169 The black giant squirrel is found only in undisturbed rain forest. 巨松鼠只生活在這片原始的雨林170 At close to a metre in length, it' sone of the world's largest squirrels. 它長達1尺171 是世上最大的松鼠172 The mystery is that these forests are growing well outside the tropics. 奇怪的是這些森林竟在熱帶地區以外茂盛生長173 By rights, none of this jungle,or its animals, should be here. 按理說這些森林和動物不應該在此174 These are bear macaques. 這是熊猴175 They're found only in tropical and sub-tropical jungle. 只居住在熱帶及亞熱帶森林176 With a tiny home range of just a few square kilometers, 生活範圍只有幾平方公里177 they depend on the abundant fruit 它們需要進食大量果子178 that only true rain forests can provide all year round. 只有真正的雨林才能終年提供如此數量179 To the European plant hunters, 對於歐洲的植物獵人來說這些北方的雨林180 these northern rain forests must have seemed a fantastic and mysterious lost world. 181 簡直就像奇幻神秘的遺忘世界182 Yet, when they came here, they would have found beautifully constructed ancient stone pathways 但當他們到此183 卻發現精心鋪設的古老石路184 on which the forest could be explored. 已經伸入森林之中185 Winding westwards into the hills, 蜿蜒通往西邊山坡186 these were once some of the most important highways in Asia, 這曾經是亞洲最重要的公路187 the southwestern tea and silk road. 西南方的茶與絲路188 Built thousands of years ago, 這條西南茶絲之路建於幾千年前189 the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the world beyond China's borders, 190 連接中國和境外的世界191 carrying tradesmen and travelers fromas far away as Rome. 帶來遠自羅馬的商人及旅客192 Wars were fought over access to this tiny path, 過去為了爭奪這條小路引發不少戰爭193 the only sure route in or out of China, 畢竟這是唯一得以進出中國194 that was guaranteed to be clear of snow all year round. 又保證終年無雪的通道195 So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate? 是什麼造成高黎貢山奇怪又獨特的氣候？196 In late May, gusts of wind arrive, 5月下旬的強勁季風197 bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery. 足以解開高黎貢山的神秘面紗198 The winds are hot and saturated with water. 風很熱而且充滿了水份199 They come all the way from the Indian Ocean. 一路從印度洋吹來200 Channeled by Yunnan's unique geography, 因雲南獨特的縱谷地形201 they bring with them the moisture of the tropical monsoon. 帶來熱帶梅雨季節的濕氣202 The giant river valleys,created millions of years ago, 幾百萬年前形成的高山縱穀203 act like immense funnels. 就像是巨大的漏斗204 The gorges are so deep and narrow, 這些溪穀又深又窄205 that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan. 促使濕暖空氣直接進入雲南北部206 The result is rain, in torrents! 結果是大雨如注！207 Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation. 連續4個月的暴雨讓植物茂盛生長208 The arrival of the monsoon 梅雨季節的來臨喚醒209 awakens one of the forest's most extraordinary moisture-loving inhabitants. 森林中最愛濕氣的動物210 The crocodile newt is one of the most unusual of the many amphibian species found here. 鱷魚蠑是一種兩棲動物211 也是其他地方找不到的奇特生物212 As the rains arrive,they emerge to mate. 當梅雨降臨，蠑螈開始交配213 The newts are said to leave an odour trail that potential mates can follow. 據說它們會留下氣味蹤跡214 讓未來的伴侶得以尋跡而至215 The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps along its back. 鱷魚蠑因背部的突起而得名216 These are its defense. 那是它的防禦系統217 If grabbed by a potential predator, 如果被潛伏的食肉動物抓住218 the tips of its ribs squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps. 肋骨的尖端就會從凸塊釋放致命毒液219 The deluge wakes another forest inhabitant. 洪水喚醒另一個森林居住者220 This one is particularly astounding in its vigor! 它有特別驚人的活力！221 It can grow up to a meter day, 一天能長1公尺222 fast overtaking the other plants around it. 很快就追上周遭的植物223 The taller it grows,the faster its growth rate, 它長得越高，生長速度就越快224 so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth, 所以一天之內就比矮樹森高225 and continues reaching for the sky. 繼續朝天空發展226 Not bad for what is essentially a grass. 對禾本科植物來說這樣的速度還不賴227 It's bamboo. 這就是竹子！228 Given the chance, 如果有機會竹子會發展成很大的林子229 bamboo will create immense forests,dominating entire areas. 230 佔領整個區域231 Bamboo forests occur across southwest China, 竹林主要生長在中國西南方232 all the way to Shanghai. 一直到上海233 But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the world 但世界上竹子種類最多的地方234 is found on the hills and valleys of Yunnan. 還是在雲南的山谷235 Though incredibly strong,bamboos have hollow stems, 雖然竹子很堅韌，但中心是空的236 a perfect shelter for any creatures which can find a way in. 對任何能找到方法進入的生物是最佳的庇護所237 This entrance hole was made by a beetle 入口是被甲蟲弄的238 but it's being used by a very different animal. 但卻被完全不同的動物所使用239 A bamboo bat. 竹蝙蝠！240 The size of a bumblebee, it's one of the tiniest mammals inthe world. 如蜜蜂的大小241 是世上最小的哺乳動物242 The entire colony, up to 25 bats, 整群可住到25只243 fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup. 通通擠入一段竹節裏244 比茶杯小245 It's quite a squeeze! 還蠻會擠的！246 Half the colony are babies. 一半都是幼獸247 Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their mums. 雖然只有一個星期大248 它們已經跟媽媽一樣大249 Feeding such a fast-growing brood is hard work. 養一窩生長如此迅速的孩子實在很辛苦250 The mums leave to hunt just after dusk each night. 蝙蝠媽媽每天傍晚後出去獵食251 Back in the roost,the young are left on their own. 寶寶被留在竹節的窩巢裏252 Special pads on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls -翅膀上的肉趾幫助它們緊緊抓住竹壁253 most of the time. 但偶爾還是會失足254 The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wing 幼蝙蝠利用多餘的空間255 用喙理毛及伸展它們的翅膀為飛行做準備256 by preening and stretching. 257 Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake. 它們擠得像沙丁魚258 很容易成為蛇類覬覦的目標259 But the snake has no chance of getting in. 但是蛇沒機會進入260 The entrance is thinner than the width of a pencil. 入口的大小比鉛筆還細261 When the mothers return, 當母蝙蝠回巢後262 they can push through the narrow entrance only because of their unusually flattened skulls. 它們能擠過那窄小的門263 因為它們有特殊的扁骨架264 But it's still a squeeze. 但還是需要擠一下265 Bamboos are exploited in a very different way by another forest dweller. 另外一群森林居民266 以不同方式善用竹林267 Fresh bamboo shoots are an important forest crop. 新鮮竹筍是森林重要產物268 Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe, 謝阿泰來自梅山的哈尼族269 from the mountain village of Mengsong. 270 Roasted, the tender shoots he gathers will make a tasty dish. 採集的竹筍在烤過會很好吃271 The Hani have many uses for the different bamboos they grow and find in the forest around. 哈尼族懂得物盡其用272 對野生和自種的竹有不同的處置273 Though flexible enough to be woven, 雖然竹子柔軟到可以編織274 bamboo has a higher tensile strength than steel. 但它比鐵有更強的韌性275 Succulent when young, 幼筍鮮美多汁成熟的竹子牢固耐用276 in maturity it's tough and durable,ideal for making a table 277 做成桌子最理想了278 and strong enough for a pipe to last a lifetime. 279 做出煙管一輩子也不會壞280 The people of southwest China 中國西南方的人們發明許多非凡的方法281 have found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this most versatile of plants. 282 來利用這多用途的植物283 THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGE 284 Part of bamboo's phenomenal success 竹子這麼厲害有部份原因是285 is that it's so tough that few animals can tackle it. 很少動物能突破它的堅韌286 Yet, bamboo does come under attack. 但是竹子還是會被攻擊287 A bamboo rat. 竹鼠288 Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, 專門吃竹子289 they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest. 它們一生都住在森林底下的隧道290 The thinner species of bamboo are easy to attack and pull below. 越細小的竹科越容易被攻擊然後被拉到地下291 She has a fantastic sense of smell 它的嗅覺非常靈敏292 and can sniff out the fresh growth through the soil. 能在土裏嗅出新生竹293 Bamboo spreads along underground stems. 竹子是由地底紮根而生294 By following these, new shoots are found. 隨根部就能找到新生筍295 Once a shoot is detected, 一旦筍子被發現296 she snips it free and drag sit down into her burrow. 它馬上咬斷拖到洞穴裏297 This female has a family. 這只母鼠有家累298 At just a few weeks old, 只有幾個禮拜大299 the youngsters can already tacklethe hardest bamboo stems 這些幼鼠已經能應付最硬的竹莖300 and are eager to try. 還很樂意去試301 Bamboo's tough reputation is such, 竹子以過人的韌性聞名另一位專家因為能啃食竹子302 that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as,"The Iron Eating Animal". 303 被中國人稱為食鐵動物304 The giant panda is famous for its exclusive diet. 大熊貓是以專吃竹子而出名的305 Giant pandas are thought to have originated in southwest China, millions of years ago, 據說幾百萬年前306 起源于中國西南方307 but they are no longer found in Yunnan. 但如今在雲南已經找不到了308 Recently, their specialized diet has had dire consequences. 最近它們偏愛的食物呈現緊迫的狀態309 Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle, 竹子的生命週期很特別310 flowering infrequently, sometime sonly once every hundred years or so. 不常開花311 有時一百年才一次312 But when flowering does occur,it's on a massive scale, 但一旦開花，就會大規模盛開313 and it's followed by the death of all of the plants. 最後整株死亡314 Sometimes an entire bamboo forest may die. 有時整片竹林都死了315 In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another area 在不受干擾的生態區熊貓只要遷移到另一區就好了316 where a different bamboo species grows. 那裏還有不同的竹子317 But as human activity has fragmented their forest home, 但人類的活動已截斷它們的棲息地318 pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areas in which to survive. 熊貓越來越難找到足夠的活動範圍生存319 Wild pandas are now found only in the forests of Central China, 現在只有中國的中部還能找到野生熊貓320 far to the east. 離東部已經很遠了321 But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south, 但在低地森林隱密的地區322 在雲南的熱帶南區323 live one of China' s best-kept wildlife secrets. 還秘密藏著一種野生動物324 DEEP BELLOW 325 The wild Asian elephant. 野生亞洲大象326 Elephants once roamed across China as far north as Beijing. 大象曾經遍及中國最北甚至遠及北京327 But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived. 但現在只生活在雲南隱密的山谷中328 Elephants are the architects of the forest. 大象是森林的建築師329 Bamboos and grasses are their favorite food 竹子跟草是它們最愛吃的食物330 but saplings, tree leaves and twisted lianas are all taken, with little care. 但幼樹、樹葉及藤蔓植物331 也會被它們一併拔起332 As they move through the forest, 當它們穿越森林333 the elephants open up clearings,bringing light to the forest floor. 等於辟清一些空地讓陽光照入森林的地面334 This has a major impact on their home. 這對此區生態有很大的影響335 The richest forests are now known tobe those which from time to time experience change. 最豐饒的森林是那些336 不時在變化的森林337 The Ji nuo people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forests 基諾族對他們的森林幾乎無所不知338 and claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there. 聲稱他們認識大多數植物也都知道各自用法339 They have names for them all, 他們替每種植物起名字340 those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal qualities. 這些很好吃341 有些有很強的藥效342 By working here, the Jinou play a similar role to the elephants, 在這裏工作343 基諾族與大象有異曲同工之效344opening up the forest,bringing space, light and diversity. 清除森林，帶來空間、光與多元化345 Green, fast growing species are encouraged. 所以此區的綠色植物能快速成長346 Insects are in high abundance here, 昆蟲在這裏也很多347 together with the animals that feed on them. 以昆蟲為食的動物自然也多348 Knowledge of the forest enables the Jinou to find not just plants, 身為森林通的基諾族不但能找到植物349 but other tasty forest food too. 還有其他美味的食物350 Forest crabs are common here,feeding on the abundant leaf litter. 森林蟹在這很常見它們以枯枝落葉為食物351 This will be a tasty addition to the evening meal. 這會是晚餐美味的佳餚352 Flowing through Yunnan's southern valleys, 流過雲南南方山谷353 the once angry rivers are now swollen, 曾經湍急的怒江如今進入寬廣的區域354 their waters slow and warm. 水流變得緩慢溫和355 These fertile lowland valleys are the home of the Dai. 這些低地水域是傣族的家356 The "People of the Water" 他們沿著溪流而居357 live along streams which originate in the surrounding hills. 這些溪流源自周遭的山地358 Each family keeps a kitchen garden 每戶人家都有菜圃359 modeled on the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests, 是依周遭森林地形而建的多層次建築360 which the Dai hold sacred. 傣族相當崇敬這片森林361 The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops. 菜圃因交叉耕作而產量增加362 Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade. 喜日曬的高品種給予喜陰暗的植物遮蔽所363 As companions,the plants grow better. 混合種植讓蔬果長得更好364 Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana species 雲南的森林有超過12種野生香蕉品種365 and banana crops grow well in most Dai gardens. 而傣族的菜圃也種了許多366 The huge banana flowers are rich in nectar for only two hours a day, 碩大的香蕉花蘊藏豐富的花蜜367 但一天只開兩個小時368 but it's enough to attract a range of forest insects, including hornets. 但已足夠吸引許多森林昆蟲前來369 包括大黃蜂370 With their razor sharp mandibles, 它們的下顎如剃刀般鋒利371 they find it easy to rob the flowers of their nectar. 能輕易掠取花中的蜜汁372 But hornets are predators too. 但大黃蜂也是肉食性昆蟲373 They hunt other insects and carry them back to their nest. 它們捕捉其他昆蟲，將之帶回巢穴374 An ideal target, 理想的目標375 but this grasshopper is no easy meal. 但這蚱蜢並非簡單的大餐376 There may be a price to pay. 那是有代價的377 The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, take advantage of a hunter's instincts. 378 傣族人波和祟明，他們就如黃雀在後379 A hornet sting is agony. 大黃蜂的蜇針是很痛的380 But for now it's distracted,intent on cutting away 但現在它忙著別的事381 a piece of grass hopper small enough to carry back home. 急切的想要切割蚱蜢的一部份382 小得讓它帶回巢去383 Success! 成功了！384 The white feather hardly slows the hornet, 大黃蜂不因白色羽毛而慢下來385 and, more importantly, 最重要的是遠遠就能看見它386 it can be seen. 387 Now the hunter is the hunted. 現在是螳螂捕蟬，黃雀在後388 So long as Po and Xue Ming can keep up! 但波和祟明必須跟得上389 Back at the nest,the other hornets 否則等它回蜂窩390 immediately begin to cut the feather free. 其他的大黃蜂馬上割開那羽毛391 But it's too late. The nest's location has been betrayed. 但太遲了蜂窩的所在地已經被發現！392 The relationship between the forest animals and the people who live here 森林動物與此地居民的關係393 永遠不會是和諧的394 was never one of harmony. 395 Yet the fact that the Dai and other ethnic groups considered。
美丽中国解说词1
美丽中国解说词第一集最后的隐世净土——中国，数世纪来，旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地，以及那些神奇生物的传说。
中国文明是世界最古老的文明，而如今是最宏博的那数十亿的人民，现存超过五十个民族，以及各式各样贴近自然的传统生活方式。
我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会、环境问题，但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽。
中国有着世界最高峰，从无垠的炙热沙漠，到麻木大脑的寒冷地带，以及那蒸笼般的森林中，隐匿的各种珍稀生物。
天际下广阔无垠的草原，以及富饶的热带海洋。
现在，我们第一次有机会，深入探索这片伟大的土地，接触栖息于此的珍奇生物，目睹中国这片神奇土地上人与野生世界的羁绊，这就是最原味的中国。
我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带，漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上，这个组合已延续千年之久，这景致已为世人所熟悉。
那是中国水墨永恒的主题和旅人永远的胜地，中国南部是片有英国国土九倍之大的广阔土地。
这里，是山雨的国度。
这里一年之中有250天在降雨，到处都是积水，在扬子江的涝原，黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子，并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长。
沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境。
这就是稻米，中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史。
他们改变了这块土地，对云南南部的农民而言，冬末是个繁忙的季节。
因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田。
元阳县的山坡以2000M之势，斜插于红河谷地的河床，包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田。
云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中依旧被耕种使用的土地，正如千百年来的习俗一样，源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任。
这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景，似乎这里的每一寸土地都被打上了农耕的痕迹。
当薄暮降临，另一场古老的仪式上演。
现在是交配的季节，雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣，但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光。
中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者，就算在耕作过的稻田中央，也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目。
美丽中国1-中英文文档
最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes 以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里It's a landscape of hills是山雨的国度but also of water这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years 他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China 依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration 他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead 然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting 这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile 这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth在地下水位线Above the water table远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock 在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected 而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves 探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life随着年龄的增长As they get older他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk叶猴族群In langur society是母系社会females rule the roost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move峭壁一侧One section of cliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns 夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm旅途的终点At last, journeys end,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator 并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽。
美丽中国1 中英文文档
最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes 以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里It's a landscape of hills是山雨的国度but also of water这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years 他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China 依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration 他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead 然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting 这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile 这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth在地下水位线Above the water table远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock 在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected 而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves 探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life随着年龄的增长As they get older他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk叶猴族群In langur society是母系社会females rule the roost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move峭壁一侧One section of cliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns 夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm旅途的终点At last, journeys end,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator 并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽。
6-1-美丽中国之中文-字幕相结合-SRT格式(请用word打开)
100:00:05,973 --> 00:00:08,075 最后一个隐秘的世界200:00:09,610 --> 00:00:11,278 中国300:00:13,547 --> 00:00:18,318 几世纪以来，到过中国的游客一直描述着中国迷人的山水风景400:00:20,587 --> 00:00:22,723 及令人惊叹的珍禽异兽500:00:27,728 --> 00:00:31,398 中国文明是世界上最古老的600:00:31,498 --> 00:00:34,001 其人口是现代最庞大的700:00:34,468 --> 00:00:37,304 总数超过十亿800:00:38,205 --> 00:00:41,608 是50多种特殊民族赖以为生的家900:00:42,342 --> 00:00:45,546 各形各色的传统生活方式1000:00:45,646 --> 00:00:48,715 通常与周遭的自然生态息息相关1100:00:54,221 --> 00:00:58,759 虽然中国面临着巨大的社会及环境保护问题1200:01:01,495 --> 00:01:04,197 但还是有它最美的一面1300:01:07,334 --> 00:01:10,971 中国有世界上最高的山脉1400:01:11,605 --> 00:01:14,441 最宽广的沙漠，其温差可从灼热高温1500:01:15,342 --> 00:01:17,477 降到令人麻痹的寒冷1600:01:19,346 --> 00:01:22,749 有云雾弥漫的森林庇护着稀有动物1700:01:25,719 --> 00:01:28,589 一望无际的旷野草原1800:01:30,624 --> 00:01:32,960 及丰饶的热带海洋1900:01:37,130 --> 00:01:39,266 现在有史以来第一次2000:01:39,967 --> 00:01:43,203 能够完整地探索这个美好国度2100:01:45,172 --> 00:01:49,176 接触当地一些令人惊奇的稀有生物2200:01:52,446 --> 00:01:57,117进而探讨中国人民及野生动植物2300:01:57,584 --> 00:02:01,021 与所住的非凡山水之间的互动关系2400:02:05,993 --> 00:02:08,261 这是《野性中国》2500:02:29,416 --> 00:02:32,252 野性中国2600:02:32,319 --> 00:02:36,189 龙之心2700:02:40,694 --> 00:02:45,465 我们探索中国之旅始于温暖的热带南方2800:02:47,467 --> 00:02:52,172 在漓江上，栖息于竹筏之上的渔民及鸬鹚2900:02:52,272 --> 00:02:55,976 已经延续了千年以上的共存关系3000:03:11,024 --> 00:03:13,727 这世界著名的景色3100:03:14,428 --> 00:03:17,330 不断地出现在中国山水画的主题中3200:03:20,367 --> 00:03:22,669 也是主要的观光胜地3300:03:26,440 --> 00:03:29,209 中国南方面积很广3400:03:29,309 --> 00:03:32,546 几乎是英国的8倍大3500:03:33,613 --> 00:03:37,718 到处都是山丘、水域的胜景3600:03:46,359 --> 00:03:49,663 一年大约250天都在下雨3700:03:50,330 --> 00:03:52,666 到处是积水3800:03:57,537 --> 00:04:00,273 长江流域一带3900:04:00,373 --> 00:04:04,044 黑尾鸥在泥浆里寻觅着虫子4000:04:05,479 --> 00:04:09,282 但不止是野生动物在这种环境下茁壮成长4100:04:09,382 --> 00:04:12,486 这沼泽地更提供了一种重要的草科植物4200:04:12,586 --> 00:04:15,622 最佳生长的环境4300:04:16,389 --> 00:04:18,058稻米！4400:04:20,193 --> 00:04:24,598 中国人8千年栽种稻米的历史4500:04:27,234 --> 00:04:30,003 促使景观全然转变4600:04:33,340 --> 00:04:37,377 在南方的云南晚冬是当地农夫最忙的季节4700:04:37,477 --> 00:04:41,948 他们忙着在春天来临前为古老的稻田整地4800:04:51,057 --> 00:04:56,062 元阳县的丘陵坡度都很陡骤降海拔2000米4900:04:56,329 --> 00:04:59,032 至下面的红河谷底5000:05:00,200 --> 00:05:03,503 每一个山坡都布满了上千个梯田5100:05:03,603 --> 00:05:07,174 是人们以简陋的工具用手开拓出来的5200:05:09,442 --> 00:05:14,047 云南的稻米梯田是中国最古老的人类遗迹之一5300:05:15,015 --> 00:05:17,484至今仍然沿用5400:05:17,584 --> 00:05:20,353 家畜水牛来耕犁稻田5500:05:20,453 --> 00:05:23,957 就像原先在这些山谷内居住的祖先一样5600:05:54,988 --> 00:05:56,489 这人造景色5700:05:56,590 --> 00:05:59,392 是中国在工业化前5800:05:59,492 --> 00:06:01,695 一项最令人惊讶的工程5900:06:02,028 --> 00:06:04,598 似乎每一寸的土地6000:06:05,098 --> 00:06:07,601 都被利用来耕种6100:06:23,416 --> 00:06:27,520 傍晚时分，古老的仪式开始了6200:06:30,257 --> 00:06:32,025 现在是交配季节6300:06:32,125 --> 00:06:36,296 公的尖舌浮蛙互相争着母蛙的爱慕6400:06:44,604 --> 00:06:49,042 但是引来太多的注意力并不是一件好事6500:06:51,611 --> 00:06:55,215 中国池鹭是冷酷的掠夺者6600:07:00,420 --> 00:07:03,423 即使是在农耕过的稻田里6700:07:03,523 --> 00:07:06,459 在鸟的嘴爪下，自然就是暴力血腥6800:07:17,404 --> 00:07:19,606 这看来也许像是杀戮屠杀6900:07:19,706 --> 00:07:23,043 但每只池鹭一次只能吞一只浮蛙7000:07:23,143 --> 00:07:26,646 大部分的浮蛙会逃脱隔天又生龙活虎地呱呱叫7100:07:31,751 --> 00:07:34,354 像云南省境内的那些稻米梯田7200:07:34,454 --> 00:07:37,290 在中国南方比比皆是7300:07:38,958 --> 00:07:42,662 稻米耕作占满着整个广阔的景观7400:07:47,067 --> 00:07:49,235 在崎岖不平的贵州省7500:07:49,336 --> 00:07:53,173 少数民族苗族发展了卓越的稻米栽种7600:07:55,642 --> 00:07:59,412 把每一寸肥沃的土地拿来耕作稻米7700:08:00,246 --> 00:08:02,215 苗族将他们的木屋7800:08:02,315 --> 00:08:05,151 盖在最陡的山坡瘠土上7900:08:08,488 --> 00:08:11,391 在中国的农村生活中，凡事物尽其用8000:08:11,491 --> 00:08:13,626 牛的粪便在太阳底下晒干后8100:08:13,727 --> 00:08:16,396 是烧饭的好燃料8200:08:26,706 --> 00:08:29,075 中午时间，宋家一家人8300:08:29,175 --> 00:08:32,312 正在狼吞虎咽地吃着饭菜8400:08:40,253 --> 00:08:42,756 宋谷勇老爷爷完全没注意到餐桌上的闲话家常8500:08:42,989 --> 00:08:46,693而在思考着令人担心的问题8600:08:48,094 --> 00:08:50,964 春天是开始种稻的季节8700:08:51,064 --> 00:08:55,201 成功与否会影响到一家子明年的生计8800:08:55,301 --> 00:08:58,238 所以种稻对时是个关键8900:08:59,139 --> 00:09:02,742 理想的日子取决于今年的天气9000:09:02,976 --> 00:09:04,744 那是件非常不易预测之事9100:09:04,978 --> 00:09:07,747 但他们有个出人意外的帮手9200:09:09,983 --> 00:09:14,053 在宋家客厅的天花板上9300:09:14,154 --> 00:09:16,256 来了一对刚刚冬迁的金腰燕9400:09:16,356 --> 00:09:19,192 正忙着修补去年的巢9500:09:22,228 --> 00:09:26,199 在中国，动物的象征意义9600:09:26,299 --> 00:09:28,501及用处是极度被重视的9700:09:32,038 --> 00:09:36,176 苗族人相信金腰燕是终身配对9800:09:36,276 --> 00:09:39,312 所以它们的出现是种赠予及祝福9900:09:39,412 --> 00:09:43,116 会为婚姻带来幸福，为家庭带来好运10000:09:45,018 --> 00:09:47,720 像大部分苗人的家，宋家客厅的窗户10100:09:47,954 --> 00:09:50,290 是面向着稻田10200:09:50,390 --> 00:09:53,560 从早春起，其中一扇窗是一直开着的10300:09:53,660 --> 00:09:56,496 好让金腰燕自由进出10400:09:59,699 --> 00:10:04,637 每年老爷爷都会记着燕子归巢的正确日期10500:10:06,206 --> 00:10:11,044 苗人相信鸟儿的到来预测了季节的开始10600:10:11,277 --> 00:10:13,379 今年，它们来晚了10700:10:13,713 --> 00:10:16,916 所以老爷爷和其他村里的长老决定10800:10:17,016 --> 00:10:20,386 延后种稻的时间10900:10:31,064 --> 00:10:34,100 当苗人在整地时11000:10:34,200 --> 00:10:37,237 燕子会收集泥巴修巢11100:10:37,337 --> 00:10:41,141 在刚犁过的田里尾追昆虫11200:11:12,305 --> 00:11:14,974 终于在几个星期的准备后11300:11:15,074 --> 00:11:18,011 制定的插秧时间到了11400:11:18,378 --> 00:11:22,015 但是育苗必须先从苗圃连根拔起捆扎好后11500:11:22,115 --> 00:11:25,418 再移植到高坡上11600:11:25,485 --> 00:11:27,453 新的稻田里11700:11:28,188 --> 00:11:31,758 所有宋家的邻居通通跑来帮忙插秧11800:11:31,991 --> 00:11:34,294 村落里一直是这样运作的11900:11:34,394 --> 00:11:38,031 时机一到，宋家会回报恩惠12000:11:42,969 --> 00:11:45,171 当农民忙着耕作时12100:11:45,271 --> 00:11:49,275 金腰燕会来回飞翔，收集筑巢的材料12200:12:11,998 --> 00:12:14,067 众擎易举12300:12:14,567 --> 00:12:18,137 插秧只花了1个多小时12400:12:35,088 --> 00:12:37,991 收工后，村民就可以休息12500:12:38,391 --> 00:12:41,160 直到明天12600:12:42,595 --> 00:12:46,099 但对筑巢的燕子来说养育家庭的工作12700:12:46,165 --> 00:12:48,167 才正要开始12800:12:57,410 --> 00:13:02,015在刚插秧完后的田里小白鹭正在觅食12900:13:04,050 --> 00:13:07,720 稻田庇护了蝌蚪、鱼跟昆虫13000:13:07,987 --> 00:13:10,423 而小白鹭有稚鸟要哺育13100:13:12,091 --> 00:13:16,262 这个在重庆省的聚居地始于1996年13200:13:16,663 --> 00:13:19,666 几十只鸟筑巢栖息于阳光村后的13300:13:19,732 --> 00:13:21,968 竹林里13400:13:23,069 --> 00:13:25,038 深信小白鹭是好运的徵兆13500:13:25,138 --> 00:13:29,275 当地居民最初保护它们进而慢慢繁衍成群13600:13:31,678 --> 00:13:35,715 但村长生病后，他们的态度变了13700:13:36,983 --> 00:13:40,953 当地方政府介入保护时13800:13:41,054 --> 00:13:44,557 他们归昝于这些鸟并开始认真要消灭鸟巢13900:13:54,067 --> 00:13:57,370 易弯的竹林也许不是最安全的筑巢之地14000:13:58,471 --> 00:14:02,408 但至少稚鸟不会变成某人的晚餐14100:14:14,020 --> 00:14:17,390 这些稚鸟刚刚吃了妈妈来的鳗鱼14200:14:18,024 --> 00:14:20,526 对小小的鸟嘴，是个蛮大的挑战14300:14:32,271 --> 00:14:34,407 假使它们的聚居地受到保护14400:14:34,507 --> 00:14:37,410 小白鹭这种涉禽是极少数能直接受惠于14500:14:37,510 --> 00:14:41,147 密集的稻米耕作的野生动物14600:14:44,350 --> 00:14:46,552 种稻需要大量的水14700:14:46,652 --> 00:14:48,187 即使是多雨的南部14800:14:48,287 --> 00:14:52,091 也有些区域缺水严重14900:14:57,730 --> 00:15:00,333 中国广大的西南边15000:15:00,433 --> 00:15:03,035 有法国与西班牙加起来那么大15100:15:03,136 --> 00:15:06,205 以峰林环布出名15200:15:06,305 --> 00:15:11,277 就像倒放的巨大蛋盒被干枯的溪谷风分开15300:15:16,382 --> 00:15:19,419 这是水蚀石灰岩地形，石灰岩地域15400:15:19,519 --> 00:15:23,156 成为中国南方的特色景观15500:15:27,960 --> 00:15:31,564 水蚀石灰岩地形通常点缀着露出的岩石15600:15:31,664 --> 00:15:35,001 迫使当地农民在狭小的土地上耕种15700:15:40,640 --> 00:15:44,410 住在这里的是中国最穷的人民15800:15:46,546 --> 00:15:48,381 在隔壁的云南省15900:15:48,448 --> 00:15:51,284 满是石灰岩16000:16:02,428 --> 00:16:04,730 这是有名的石林16100:16:04,997 --> 00:16:07,533 多少年侵蚀后的结果16200:16:07,633 --> 00:16:11,537 形成迷宫般的深谷冲沟及尖顶山峰16300:16:16,542 --> 00:16:20,613 石灰岩有个奇怪特性就是容易被雨水溶解16400:16:22,682 --> 00:16:25,685 几千年来，水已经侵蚀到16500:16:25,918 --> 00:16:28,654 床岩的核心16600:16:38,097 --> 00:16:41,434 这自然景观是有名的观光景点16700:16:41,534 --> 00:16:45,004 每年有将近2百万的游客来访16800:16:47,640 --> 00:16:50,443 中国人喜欢奇峰怪石16900:16:50,543 --> 00:16:53,546 很多被赋予富于幻想的名称17000:16:54,046 --> 00:16:57,149 不难猜出这个叫什么吧！17100:17:00,152 --> 00:17:03,189 但这景色比眼前看到的还要有趣17200:17:03,289 --> 00:17:06,993 中国实际上有上千个神秘洞穴17300:17:07,126 --> 00:17:10,496 隐藏在现有的水蚀石灰岩景观之下17400:17:11,130 --> 00:17:14,534 这大片被隐藏的世界从未展现在世人眼前17500:17:14,967 --> 00:17:17,670 现在才刚刚被探勘17600:17:26,412 --> 00:17:29,882 对愈来愈多的一群年轻大胆的中国探险家而言17700:17:29,982 --> 00:17:32,952 洞穴象征终极冒险17800:17:36,656 --> 00:17:40,226 探勘洞穴就像时光之旅17900:17:40,326 --> 00:17:45,231 无尽的雨滴穿越了数不清的世纪18000:17:55,675 --> 00:17:58,411 无数水滴及细流18100:17:58,511 --> 00:18:02,281 让地下河流侵蚀石床更深18200:18:11,724 --> 00:18:15,628 洞穴地下河川的流向是以石灰岩为导向18300:18:15,728 --> 00:18:17,930 岩石的薄弱可让河水18400:18:18,030 --> 00:18:20,132 增加倾斜度及流速18500:18:20,232 --> 00:18:23,502 提供洞穴探险家真正的挑战18600:19:04,643 --> 00:19:08,681 当到达地下水位时水会暂时停止向下奔泻18700:19:08,914 --> 00:19:13,352 在这里流速减缓的河水将洞穴磨得更为圆滑18800:19:18,190 --> 00:19:22,128 这宁静的世界是特有的洞穴鱼之家18900:19:22,661 --> 00:19:25,197 像无眼金线鲅19000:19:26,365 --> 00:19:29,969 中国比世界上其他地区00:19:30,069 --> 00:19:32,271 有更多特殊进化的洞穴鱼19200:19:37,676 --> 00:19:39,311 在地下水位之上19300:19:39,412 --> 00:19:43,015 被河川遗弃的古老洞穴19400:19:43,115 --> 00:19:45,618 慢慢地被钟乳石及石笋填满19500:19:50,389 --> 00:19:54,927 钟乳石是由上方不断滴落的水经过几百、几千年19600:19:55,027 --> 00:19:57,663 沉淀累积微量的方解石而形成的19700:19:58,964 --> 00:20:03,135 石笋则是石灰水滴不断滴落在地上沉积于洞底向上生长而形成19800:20:24,590 --> 00:20:29,161 到目前为止，在中国只有一小部分的洞穴被彻底勘察过19900:20:29,261 --> 00:20:33,132 穴窟探险家不断地发现新的令人惊奇的地下事物20000:20:33,232 --> 00:20:37,903 很多后来被开发成商业观光洞穴00:20:46,445 --> 00:20:49,014 地下河川和穴窟探险家20200:20:49,115 --> 00:20:52,485 最后终于逃离黑暗出现在离旅程起点很远的20300:20:52,551 --> 00:20:55,121 一个溪谷20400:20:55,688 --> 00:20:58,657 冒险现在暂时结束20500:21:02,528 --> 00:21:04,230 从洞穴出来的河川20600:21:04,330 --> 00:21:07,166 是水蚀石灰岩地区生存的重要因素20700:21:07,266 --> 00:21:09,869 贵州省内垂直的峡谷20800:21:09,969 --> 00:21:12,671 是这地区野生动物的栖息地20900:21:28,420 --> 00:21:31,123 这是世界上最稀有的灵长类21000:21:31,991 --> 00:21:34,126 黑叶猴21100:21:35,394 --> 00:21:38,664 在中国只有两个南方省区有它们的足迹21200:21:38,898 --> 00:21:43,669 贵州省与广西省一直有崎岖不平的石灰岩层21300:21:46,906 --> 00:21:49,575 它们像一般猴子，也是群居动物21400:21:49,675 --> 00:21:53,212 花很多时间互相打理21500:22:01,554 --> 00:22:03,389 黑叶猴实质上是素食者21600:22:03,489 --> 00:22:07,226 只吃花蕾、果子及嫩叶21700:22:19,371 --> 00:22:21,574 小猴子出生时褐红色的毛21800:22:21,674 --> 00:22:24,677 会慢慢地从尾端变黑21900:22:31,684 --> 00:22:36,555 婴幼猴会像虎钳似的紧紧地抓住妈妈22000:22:38,924 --> 00:22:42,995 等它们长大一点会比较大胆些、敢冒险些22100:22:47,166 --> 00:22:50,502 那些存活下来的，会很常迁移22200:22:50,603 --> 00:22:54,540 有经验的成年猴懂得在它们势力范围内不同的区域22300:22:54,640 --> 00:22:57,176 去找季节性的食物22400:23:00,980 --> 00:23:05,684 在这么陡峭的地域迁移需要很高的攀登技术22500:23:06,352 --> 00:23:09,154 这些猴子从它们会走的那刻起22600:23:09,255 --> 00:23:11,690 就是引人注目很棒的攀岩者22700:23:22,201 --> 00:23:25,471 在黑叶猴的社会里，母猴当家22800:23:25,571 --> 00:23:28,941 当家族迁移时负责带头22900:23:54,533 --> 00:23:59,004 峭壁的一部分滴流出充满矿物质的水23000:23:59,104 --> 00:24:02,107 让猴子们难以抗拒23100:24:16,956 --> 00:24:19,692 现在在麻阳河自然保护区内很少会有食肉动物23200:24:19,925 --> 00:24:22,528 构成小猴的危险23300:24:23,095 --> 00:24:26,031 但在过去几世纪里，中国南方这区域23400:24:26,131 --> 00:24:29,601 居住着花豹、黄金蟒甚至东北虎23500:24:32,237 --> 00:24:36,642 为了从夜间动物的爪下逃生黑叶猴躲入地下23600:24:37,443 --> 00:24:42,381 用它们攀岩的技术在难以进入的洞穴寻求庇护23700:24:57,563 --> 00:25:01,333 用夜视摄影机在几乎黑暗中拍摄23800:25:01,433 --> 00:25:04,370 成群结队的攀岩者爬在熟悉的23900:25:04,703 --> 00:25:07,973 被前几代的猴子磨平的岩架上24000:25:14,947 --> 00:25:19,685 在寒冬季节，猴子会冒险深入地底24100:25:19,918 --> 00:25:22,521 那里的空气比较暖和24200:25:39,671 --> 00:25:41,874终于，旅途结束24300:25:41,974 --> 00:25:46,445 来到一个让最强势的掠夺者也遥不可及的舒适壁翕24400:25:50,082 --> 00:25:53,152 但不只是猴子用洞穴作庇护24500:25:53,252 --> 00:25:55,621 这些孩子们正要去上课24600:25:56,488 --> 00:26:00,359 在中国乡下意味着一早就开始的长远路途24700:26:00,459 --> 00:26:03,328 途中路过一两个洞24800:26:04,963 --> 00:26:07,900 但不是所有的学生都得走路到校24900:26:08,434 --> 00:26:10,669 这些孩子是寄宿生25000:26:13,639 --> 00:26:16,375 当日校学生快走到时25100:26:16,975 --> 00:26:19,678 寄宿生还在做早餐25200:26:23,148 --> 00:26:27,119 在学校操场上似乎有人把灯关了00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:34,960但这不是一般的操场和一般的学校25400:26:39,198 --> 00:26:41,900这是在洞穴里的房子25500:26:45,471 --> 00:26:48,707一个天然形成的石窟窿将雨隔离25600:26:48,941 --> 00:26:52,077所以教室不需要有屋顶25700:27:03,155 --> 00:27:06,925中东洞穴学校有6个班级25800:27:07,025 --> 00:27:09,394一共有200个孩童25900:27:11,530 --> 00:27:15,634除了学校之外，还有18个家族及家畜26000:27:16,602 --> 00:27:19,071以洞穴为家26100:27:20,906 --> 00:27:24,510这可能是世上唯一住在洞穴里的牛！26200:27:29,615 --> 00:27:32,684课上完后，总算到了下课娱乐时间26300:27:45,264 --> 00:27:48,567在中国南方，洞穴不只用来做避难所00:27:48,667 --> 00:27:52,104它们也可以是经济的来源26500:28:24,937 --> 00:28:28,240这洞穴已经有好几代人的足迹踏过26600:28:28,340 --> 00:28:30,976穴底布满了鸟大便26700:28:31,076 --> 00:28:35,380多到农民只要捡10分钟就有满满一篮26800:28:35,981 --> 00:28:38,917是用来做很值钱的肥料来源26900:28:48,594 --> 00:28:53,332鸟大便来源的线索能从河流上方的噪音听出27000:28:53,432 --> 00:28:56,969声音来自洞穴的上方27100:28:59,137 --> 00:29:02,374入口处小雨燕满天飞！27200:29:05,010 --> 00:29:07,112它们非常友善27300:29:07,212 --> 00:29:10,048有20万只共用这个在贵州南方的洞穴27400:29:10,148 --> 00:29:14,186是中国最大的小雨燕聚居地27500:29:16,221 --> 00:29:20,459 现在中国小雨燕大部份筑巢于建筑物的屋顶27600:29:20,559 --> 00:29:23,862 但是早在房屋发明前像这种岩石裂缝27700:29:23,962 --> 00:29:26,298 才是它们原本的家27800:29:31,069 --> 00:29:34,006 虽然小雨燕依赖洞穴为家27900:29:34,106 --> 00:29:37,109 但因为它们在黑暗中眼睛看不见28000:29:37,209 --> 00:29:39,645 所以从不会飞离日光照射到的范围28100:29:41,613 --> 00:29:44,316 可是在洞穴深处28200:29:44,416 --> 00:29:48,453 其他生物有比较好的生理条件适应地下生活28300:29:53,225 --> 00:29:55,994 一群蝙蝠刚睡醒28400:29:56,094 --> 00:30:00,098 利用超音波在黑暗中导航28500:30:04,603 --> 00:30:07,339 夜晚是狩猎的好时机28600:31:00,525 --> 00:31:04,129 大足鼠耳蝠是亚洲唯一28700:31:04,229 --> 00:31:07,466 专门捕捉鱼类的蝙蝠28800:31:08,133 --> 00:31:11,336 利用水面上波纹声的反射28900:31:11,403 --> 00:31:13,305 来追踪29000:31:33,291 --> 00:31:34,960 这种异常的行为29100:31:35,060 --> 00:31:38,330 是最近几年才发现的29200:31:38,430 --> 00:31:40,999 之前并没有拍摄过29300:31:49,174 --> 00:31:52,177 如果在黑暗中捕鱼不可思议29400:31:53,044 --> 00:31:57,482 想像一下没有手又要倒吊着吃滑溜溜大肚鱼的样子！29500:32:07,959 --> 00:32:11,563 桂林石灰岩丘陵的拂晓29600:32:13,632 --> 00:32:17,169 这些矗立山丘独特的形状29700:32:17,269 --> 00:32:20,071 归功于漓江的微酸水流29800:32:20,172 --> 00:32:22,874 经过千古万世曲折的流动29900:32:22,974 --> 00:32:27,612 侵蚀掉岩基，直到只剩下岩芯30000:32:33,151 --> 00:32:36,254 漓江是中国最干净的河川之一30100:32:36,655 --> 00:32:40,492 是渔夫们跟他们所训练的鸬鹚最喜欢的地点30200:32:43,895 --> 00:32:47,566 这些人都姓黄，来自同一个村里30300:32:47,666 --> 00:32:52,470 现龄70多或80多岁的他们已经做一辈子渔夫了30400:32:57,676 --> 00:33:01,613 他们在放鸟之前会在鸟脖子上打个活套30500:33:01,980 --> 00:33:04,916 防止捕到的鱼被吞下去30600:33:11,623 --> 00:33:13,425 边哼唱边跳舞30700:33:13,525 --> 00:33:16,928 黄姓渔夫鼓励他们的鸟冲下水去30800:33:21,199 --> 00:33:24,870 鸬鹚在水里的狩猎天性启动30900:33:24,970 --> 00:33:27,606 它们成了寻找鱼的导弹31000:33:51,062 --> 00:33:53,965 一个好的鸬鹚团队会一起合作31100:33:54,065 --> 00:33:57,936 一个早上就能捕捉十几条像样的鱼31200:34:36,207 --> 00:34:38,243 鸟儿带着鱼儿回到竹筏上31300:34:38,343 --> 00:34:40,612 因为它们被训练这样做31400:34:41,479 --> 00:34:45,183 从出生的那刻起每一只鸬鹚都被养育成31500:34:45,283 --> 00:34:47,819 听从主人的指示31600:34:47,919 --> 00:34:50,855 这些鸟事实上是奴隶31700:34:52,891 --> 00:34:54,526 但它们并不笨！31800:34:54,626 --> 00:34:58,263 据说鸬鹚对捕捉到的鱼31900:34:58,330 --> 00:35:00,165 能记住到7条32000:35:00,265 --> 00:35:04,970 所以除非它们现在获得奖赏不然就会罢工32100:35:05,570 --> 00:35:09,074 渔夫们当然会保留最好的鱼给自己32200:35:09,174 --> 00:35:11,977 鸬鹚会得到剩下的小鱼32300:35:17,916 --> 00:35:22,654 项圈解开后，鸟儿总算能吃它的奖赏32400:35:23,288 --> 00:35:26,057 最棒的是吃它不该吃的！32500:35:36,234 --> 00:35:39,404 现在在先进的捕鱼技术竞争下32600:35:39,504 --> 00:35:41,339 意味着黄姓渔民不能32700:35:41,439 --> 00:35:44,075只靠传统鸬鹚捕鱼法维生32800:35:44,175 --> 00:35:46,411 这1300年的传统32900:35:46,511 --> 00:35:49,614 现在只用来娱乐游客33000:35:59,491 --> 00:36:03,061 但在贵州附近的草海湖33100:36:03,495 --> 00:36:07,065 有个更加奇特的渔业正在蓬勃发展33200:36:10,668 --> 00:36:14,673 耿中胜正要去把晚上的网铺设好33300:36:22,280 --> 00:36:26,351 耿的渔网是个奇怪管状的玩意儿一边是密闭的33400:36:35,393 --> 00:36:39,264 有一百多个渔夫在湖上维生33500:36:39,364 --> 00:36:42,367 矿物质丰富的湖水非常地丰饶33600:36:43,134 --> 00:36:45,403 渔网处处可见33700:37:04,389 --> 00:37:08,393 第二天一早，耿跟他的儿子回来收集他的渔33800:37:12,630 --> 00:37:15,500 开头一看并不乐观33900:37:15,600 --> 00:37:19,938 小鱼、一堆虾子及一些挣扎的虫子34000:37:20,972 --> 00:37:23,441 耿一点也不沮丧34100:37:25,877 --> 00:37:27,812 大条一点的鱼还活着34200:37:27,912 --> 00:37:30,582 那是唯一让它们在高温下保持新鲜的方法34300:37:32,050 --> 00:37:36,554 出人意外地，一些虫子也被挑出来做特别处理34400:37:36,888 --> 00:37:39,057 它们是蜻蜓若虫的幼虫34500:37:39,157 --> 00:37:41,960 靠吃小虫跟蝌蚪的食肉动物34600:37:42,060 --> 00:37:46,197 世上没有一个地方是像这样捕获蜻蜓若虫的！34700:37:52,070 --> 00:37:55,840 在家里，耿把鱼铺晒在屋顶34800:37:55,940 --> 00:37:59,277 在中国没有一样吃的会被浪费34900:37:59,644 --> 00:38:02,080 遥远的南方有个说法35000:38:02,180 --> 00:38:05,450 “我们吃任何有脚的东西除了桌子以外”35100:38:05,550 --> 00:38:08,887 “吃任何有翅膀的，除了飞机以外”35200:38:11,956 --> 00:38:14,993 几小时之内，晒干的虫子准备好要被包起来35300:38:15,059 --> 00:38:16,961 拿到市场去35400:38:17,862 --> 00:38:21,232 蜻蜓若虫的价钱最好35500:38:27,906 --> 00:38:32,477 很幸运的是，蜻蜓若虫在草海很充裕繁殖也很快35600:38:33,144 --> 00:38:34,846 所以耿跟他的渔夫同伴35700:38:34,946 --> 00:38:38,183 到目前为止还没影响到它们的数量35800:38:39,083 --> 00:38:41,886但不是所有的野生动物都能这么迅速恢复35900:38:51,062 --> 00:38:55,900 上海附近的佛寺有个让人惊奇的故事36000:38:58,236 --> 00:39:02,173 2007年5月，一组《野性中国》的拍摄小组36100:39:02,273 --> 00:39:06,544 拍摄了佛寺渔池里一只很奇特的斑鳖36200:39:12,917 --> 00:39:15,954 据和尚说那斑鳖是400年前36300:39:16,054 --> 00:39:19,924 明朝朝廷赐给佛寺的36400:39:21,292 --> 00:39:24,462 是世上最老的动物36500:39:32,971 --> 00:39:37,175 鳖对中国人而言是美味佳肴36600:39:37,642 --> 00:39:39,477 当它被拍摄时36700:39:39,577 --> 00:39:44,048 是中国仅存三只的其中一只36800:39:44,949 --> 00:39:49,053 它其他的同伴全被抓起来吃了36900:39:51,522 --> 00:39:54,926 很不幸的是，拍摄后的几个礼拜37000:39:55,093 --> 00:39:57,428 这古老的生物死了37100:39:57,962 --> 00:40:02,333 剩下的几只分别养在不同的动物园里37200:40:02,433 --> 00:40:06,037 现在野生斑鳖是公认绝种了37300:40:08,172 --> 00:40:12,844 事实上中国25种淡水鸟龟37400:40:14,045 --> 00:40:16,314 现在消失得很快37500:40:21,052 --> 00:40:24,122 绝种的解决方法是保育37600:40:24,856 --> 00:40:27,458 在中国南方现在有在增加37700:40:27,558 --> 00:40:29,661 网状系统的自然保留区37800:40:31,162 --> 00:40:35,533 在这其中张家界的天子山自然保护区37900:40:35,633 --> 00:40:38,202 可能是中国大自然爱好者最常参观的38000:40:38,303 --> 00:40:41,172 俯视这一片惊心动魄的壮阔林海38100:40:41,239 --> 00:40:43,508 美丽景观38200:41:59,050 --> 00:42:03,988 卷绕着张家界高峰上晶莹剔透的云雾间38300:42:04,088 --> 00:42:08,159 可能是中国最奇怪的生物的家38400:42:22,907 --> 00:42:26,344 这异乎寻常的动物是蝾螈的一种38500:42:26,411 --> 00:42:28,880 中国大蝾螈38600:42:29,614 --> 00:42:32,950 俗称娃娃鱼38700:42:33,051 --> 00:42:37,321 因为当遇到危难时它会发出像婴儿一般的哭声38800:42:40,091 --> 00:42:42,427 它能长到1尺半的长度38900:42:42,994 --> 00:42:45,496 是世界上最大的两栖类39000:42:47,965 --> 00:42:51,636 在正常的环境下，大蝾螈能活几十年39100:42:51,869 --> 00:42:56,407 但就像许多中国的动物一样它是种美食39200:42:58,609 --> 00:43:01,512 尽管被视为保育类动物39300:43:01,612 --> 00:43:05,383 大蝾螈仍然被非法地当食物出售39400:43:05,483 --> 00:43:09,954 现在野生的娃娃鱼是稀有及面临绝种的动物39500:43:11,322 --> 00:43:14,492 幸运地，几个像张家界的地方39600:43:14,625 --> 00:43:18,663 大蝾螈能在官方严格的保护下生存39700:43:22,600 --> 00:43:27,605 张家界的河川从东北流入长江流域39800:43:27,839 --> 00:43:30,508 亦称为鱼米之乡39900:43:34,645 --> 00:43:38,249 在安徽省一个湖中的岛上40000:43:38,349 --> 00:43:40,351 一条龙正在忙碌40100:43:44,489 --> 00:43:48,860 这是中国最大、最稀有爬虫类的祖居40200:43:49,293 --> 00:43:52,029 一个神秘及传说中的生物40300:43:58,569 --> 00:44:01,205 龙蛋被当成价值连城40400:44:01,906 --> 00:44:04,442 这些宝宝必须赶快孵出！40500:44:08,346 --> 00:44:11,182 看来有人已经盯上了40600:44:18,990 --> 00:44:21,159 一只无助的爬虫宝宝40700:44:21,259 --> 00:44:25,296 被困在白垩质坚韧的壳膜内40800:44:25,396 --> 00:44:28,866 孵化的过程是巨大的挣扎40900:44:30,168 --> 00:44:32,370 时间快没了41000:44:38,843 --> 00:44:40,144 过了两小时41100:44:40,244 --> 00:44:43,447 小龙才把头伸出蛋壳外41200:44:43,548 --> 00:44:46,017 它现在必须要养精蓄锐41300:44:46,150 --> 00:44:49,053 做最后一次地大力推挤41400:44:57,361 --> 00:44:58,596 总算自由了41500:44:58,629 --> 00:45:01,966 小扬子鳄凭直觉地往上爬41600:45:02,066 --> 00:45:06,170 爬到巢上面，等待它的外面世界41700:45:35,933 --> 00:45:38,903 但来访者并不是它想像的41800:45:47,578 --> 00:45:50,348 徐淑真和她儿子住在附近41900:45:50,982 --> 00:45:55,086 徐照顾当地的鳄鱼已经快20年了42000:45:55,186 --> 00:45:58,889 所以她知道哪时候蛋最可能孵化42100:46:03,894 --> 00:46:08,466 在家里，她盖了一个池塘以网围住，以隔绝掠夺者42200:46:08,566 --> 00:46:11,202在那里被她被照顾的扬子鳄要花6个月的时间42300:46:11,302 --> 00:46:14,438 才长大到能自我保护42400:46:27,184 --> 00:46:29,086 过去的20年42500:46:29,186 --> 00:46:32,089 类似这种小型的保育工程42600:46:32,189 --> 00:46:37,228 是唯一保护中国150只野生鳄鱼免于绝种的机制42700:46:51,275 --> 00:46:53,144 在鳄鱼村的南边42800:46:53,244 --> 00:46:56,247 黎明带来了非常不同的景观42900:46:57,114 --> 00:47:02,486 黄山1800公尺高的花岗岩山峰43000:47:07,191 --> 00:47:10,895 对中国人而言，黄山松象征着43100:47:10,995 --> 00:47:13,898 大自然的力量与恢复力43200:47:14,198 --> 00:47:18,436 据估计有些树已有超过1千年的树龄43300:47:23,074 --> 00:47:24,475 花岗岩山峰下43400:47:24,575 --> 00:47:28,446 树木森生陡峭的山谷庇护着惊人的栖居动物43500:47:30,381 --> 00:47:35,219 四川短尾猴是中国西部西藏酋猴稀有的后代43600:47:35,319 --> 00:47:37,121 它们是这山谷特有的物种43700:47:37,221 --> 00:47:40,458 在这里它们享受官方严密的保护43800:47:50,000 --> 00:47:52,436 待在树上一整个早上后43900:47:52,536 --> 00:47:55,106 整群移往谷里阴凉处44000:47:55,206 --> 00:47:57,908 让成猴有机会摆脱热气44100:47:58,008 --> 00:48:01,145 也可以从溪水里捡些午餐44200:48:18,796 --> 00:48:21,132 像大部份的猴子社会44300:48:21,232 --> 00:48:24,435社交活动包括很多打理44400:48:33,043 --> 00:48:35,579 打理对成猴来说也许不错44500:48:36,180 --> 00:48:38,849 但幼猴有过多的精力44600:48:53,531 --> 00:48:55,432 像多数的胡闹44700:48:55,533 --> 00:48:58,769 开始是一点点的打闹44800:48:58,869 --> 00:49:01,205 很快地变得无法控制44900:49:12,116 --> 00:49:15,286 猴王是个过来人45000:49:15,553 --> 00:49:17,822 它一点也不担心45100:49:20,891 --> 00:49:25,296 但好像有人，或是什么动物45200:49:25,396 --> 00:49:28,065 并不友善地在偷看45300:49:47,551 --> 00:49:51,589 中国百步蛇是埋伏式的食肉动物有致命的毒性45400:49:52,223 --> 00:49:56,260 是中国最大、最令人害怕的毒蛇45500:49:57,561 --> 00:50:00,798 但是这些猴子已经跟这些危险的蛇类45600:50:00,865 --> 00:50:02,600 住了几千年45700:50:14,345 --> 00:50:17,615 当发现蛇时45800:50:17,848 --> 00:50:20,284 它们用特别的报警声来互相警告45900:50:24,054 --> 00:50:27,791 一旦隐匿处被发现，毒蛇对猴子就构不成威胁46000:50:27,892 --> 00:50:29,894 现在树上安全了46100:50:32,830 --> 00:50:35,332 一切恢复平静46200:50:43,274 --> 00:50:47,878 到了立秋，中国南方的稻田已变成金黄色46300:50:48,979 --> 00:50:52,349 收割的季节已到46400:51:12,603 --> 00:51:15,172 当今，现代高产量品种46500:51:15,272 --> 00:51:18,008 被用于大多数的田里46600:51:18,208 --> 00:51:23,013 以化学肥料增加产量用联合收割机收割46700:51:26,216 --> 00:51:28,886 这是中国伟大的饭碗46800:51:29,553 --> 00:51:32,323 生产世界稻米总量的四分之一46900:51:42,466 --> 00:51:45,035 昆虫因吵杂的机器骚动47000:51:45,135 --> 00:51:48,272 很快地被一群金腰燕给吃了47100:51:48,973 --> 00:51:51,241 包括今年羽毛丰满47200:51:51,342 --> 00:51:54,244 刚会飞的幼鸟47300:51:55,312 --> 00:51:59,883 这可能是它们往南冬迁前最后的一餐47400:52:02,319 --> 00:52:03,921 机器化农田47500:52:04,021 --> 00:52:06,890在山谷中平坦低地的效率最好47600:52:06,991 --> 00:52:10,361 在南方浙江省的梯田山坡上47700:52:10,461 --> 00:52:13,330 比较古老而简单的生活方式延续着47800:52:16,467 --> 00:52:18,469 现在是早上7点47900:52:18,569 --> 00:52:22,940 龙县最成功的商人要上工了48000:52:24,174 --> 00:52:26,877 围绕着村落黄金色的梯田48100:52:26,977 --> 00:52:30,314 沉甸甸的稻穗等着丰收48200:52:32,549 --> 00:52:36,420 但是在杨先生的心里今天的米不是最主要的事48300:52:36,954 --> 00:52:39,023 他有更重要的事要做！48400:52:41,025 --> 00:52:44,395 在山谷的上坡，收割已经开始了48500:52:46,797 --> 00:52:50,868 杨先生的稻米也成熟了但它们还没晒干48600:52:51,502 --> 00:52:55,305 那是因为对他来说米不是主要的庄稼48700:53:01,211 --> 00:53:05,382 他带去坡上的篮子透露了杨先生的生意48800:53:05,482 --> 00:53:07,284 但在他开始工作前48900:53:07,384 --> 00:53:10,421 他必须从梯田里放些水出来49000:53:13,857 --> 00:53:15,559 当水位降低后49100:53:15,793 --> 00:53:19,563 谜底揭晓了，是黄金鲤鱼！49200:53:28,305 --> 00:53:31,508 龙县乡民很久以前就发现了49300:53:31,608 --> 00:53:34,978 把野生鲤鱼放养在梯田里的好处49400:53:36,113 --> 00:53:40,417 这至少已有700年的传统49500:53:43,520 --> 00:53:48,392 当稻田里的水位降低后竹闸防止鲤鱼逃跑496。
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1最后的隐世净土The last hidden world2中国China3数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes4以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures5中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest6而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest7那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people8现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups9以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles10传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature11我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems12但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty heretoo13中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world'shighest mountains,14从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging fromfrom searing hot15到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold16以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests17隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures18天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vasthorizons19以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas20现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever21深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole ofthis great country22接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprisingand exotic creatures that livehere23目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationshipof the people and wildlife ofChina24人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkablelandscaping which they live25这就是最原味的中国This is wild China26仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled butdrop-dead beautifulmotherland26我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of Chinabegins in the warmsubtropical south27漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermenand birds perch on bamboorafts28这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes backmore than a thousand years29这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is knownthroughout the world30那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinesepaintings31和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction32中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vastarea33九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than theUK34这里It's a landscape of hills35是山雨的国度but also of water36这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year37到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere38在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River39黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms40并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment41沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family42这就是稻米rice43中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years 44他们改变了这块土地It has transformed thelandscape45对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southernYunnan is a busy time forlocal farmers46因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-oldpaddy fieldready for the coming spring47元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes ofYuanyang county48斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to thefloor of the Red River Valley49包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literallythousands of stack terracescarved out by hand usingbasic digging tools50云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces areamong the oldest humanstructures in China51依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they alwayshave been52正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated waterbuffaloes53源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originatedin these very valleys54这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape isone of the most amazingengineering feats ofpreindustrial China55似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every squareinch of land56都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed intocultivation57当薄暮降临As evening approaches58另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds59现在是交配的季节It's the mating season60雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs arecompeting for the attentionof females61但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay todraw too much attention toyouself62中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is acrapulous predator63就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field64也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw65或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter66但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time67此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day68元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China69梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation70苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture71苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation72用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their woodenhouses on the steepest andleast productive hillsides73所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural lifeeverything has a use74牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure fromthe cowsheds would beused as cooking fuel75中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Songfamily aretucking into a lunch of riceand vegetables76老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domesticchitchat77寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song hasserious maters on his mind78春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the ricegrowing season79庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop willdetermin how well the familywill eat next year80因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right timeis critical81时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends onwhat the weather will do thisyear82而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict83但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprisinghelp at hand84宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song'sliving rooma pair of red-rumped swallownewly arrive from their wintermigration85他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year'snest86在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valueddoes much for their symbolicmeaning as for many goodthey may do87苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe thatswallow pairs remain faithfulfor life88因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favorand a blessing89幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to amarriage and good luck to a home90如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields91从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely92古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return93苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead94然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late95因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly96当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting 97燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud torepair their nests98或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insectsacross the newly ploughedpaddies99最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks ofpreparation100这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time forplanting has arrived101首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings mustbe uproot from the nurserybeds102扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to betransported to their newpaddy103那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside104宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighborshave turned out to help withthe transplanting105这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community hasalways worked106当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, theSongs will return the favor107当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy inthe fields108飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back andforth with material for theirnest109人多力量大Many hands make light work110插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takesa little more than an hour111当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers canrelax112至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow113然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows,the work of raising a family114才刚刚开始has only just begun115新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields116白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods117稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbortadpoles fish and insects118而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed119重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996120当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village121当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck122他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove123但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill124当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests125他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them126易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place127但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsterswon't end up at someone'sdinner128这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had ameal delivered by their mom129对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litterbeaks130介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies areprotected131像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets areamong the few wild creatureswhich benefit directly fromintensive rice cultivation132水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots ofwater133但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south,there are landscapes wherewater is surprisingly scarce134相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwestChina135的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spaincombined136因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters ofconical hills137连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned eggcartonseperated by dry emptyvalleys138这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst139石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which hasbecome the defining imageof southern China140喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops141这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers tocultivate tiny fields142当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest inChina143在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnanprovince144遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have takenover entirely145这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest146无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion147造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles148石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water149在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself150这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot151每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year152中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks153并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names154但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing whatthis one is called155但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to thislandscapethan meets the eye156在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousandsof mysterious caverns157隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath thevisible landscape of the karst158这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden worldhas never been seen byhuman eyes159而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now beingexplored160奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band ofintrepid young Chineseexplorers161主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimateadventure162探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is liketaking the journey throughtime163常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endlessraindrops would havefollowed over countlesscenturies164水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips andtrickles165地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carvesever deeper into the rock166石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course ischanneled by the beds oflimestone167石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock cannot allow the river toincrease its gradient flowrate168为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge forthe cave explorers169水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes haltedwhen the water table isreached170这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing rivercarves tunnels with a morerounded profile171这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes172比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb173中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes174洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth175在地下水位线Above the water table176远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites177含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock178在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years179含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor180迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected181而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantlydiscovering newsubterranean marvels182许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which aresubsequently developed intocommercial show caves183探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping thedarkness184在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its humanexplorers emerge in a valleyfar from where their journeybegan185这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over186源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue fromcaves187为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in thekarst country188贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge inGuizhou province189成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for theregion's wildlife190这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world'srarest primates191白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur192在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in justtwo southern provinces193贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi194多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestoneterrains195正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they'resocial creatures196并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal oftime grooming each other197叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentiallyvegetarian with a diet of buds,fruits, and tender youngleaves198叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with gingerfur199这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns blackfrom the tail end200叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have avise-like grip201帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life202随着年龄的增长As they get older203他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks204这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling205尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food206到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range207在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain208旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill209这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk 210叶猴族群In langur society211是母系社会females rule the roost212并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when thefamily is on the move213峭壁一侧One section of cliff214分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle ofmineral-rich water215这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem tofind irresistible216如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are fewpredators in the MayangheReserve which might pose arisk to baby monkey217然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, thisarea of south China218中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards,pythons, and even tigers219为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous nightprowlers220叶猴们前往地底the langurs wentunderground221用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbingskills to seek shelter ininaccessible caverns222夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darknessusing a night vision camera223叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers alongfamiliar ledges224被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generationsbefore them225当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather226猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeperunderground227空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stayscomparatively warm228旅途的终点At last, journeys end,229高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond thereach of even the mostenterprising predator230并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys thatfind shelter in caves231这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school232在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning233穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way234然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school235这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders236当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end237住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast238校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off239但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground240以及正规的学校and no ordinary school241只不过是座Its house 242洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave243天然拱顶阻隔了雨水A natural vault of rock keepsout the rain244为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roofon the classroom245中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school ismade up of 6 classes246共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children247如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cavehouses 18 families248是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock249这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cavedwelling cows on Earth250放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it'splay time at last251在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, cavesaren't just used for shelter252他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source ofrevenue for the community253数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visitingthis cave for generations254洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered inguano255仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes'work can fill these farmer'sbaskets256这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuablesource of fertilizer257鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of theguano can be heard abovethe noise of the river258噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high upin the roof of the cave259入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts260他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds261约200000多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than 200,000 of themshare this cave in southernGuizhou province262中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony inChina263如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swiftsmostly nest in the roofs of buildings264但其实在房屋被发明出来之前but rock crevasses like these were their original home265这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方long before houses were invented266尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter267他们却必定在日落前归巢they never stray further than the limits of daylight268因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物as their eyes can't see in dark269然而洞穴深处However, deep inside the cavern270是一群更适应地下are the creatures are better equipped271隐秘生活的居民for subterranean life272一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来A colony of bats is just waking up273他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位using ultrasonic squeaks toorientate themselves in thedarkness274夜晚是狩猎时间Night is the time to gohunting275Rickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett's mouse-eared bat isthe only bat in Asia whichspecializes in catching fishes276通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种tracking them down from thesound reflection of rippleson the water surface277这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现This extraordinary behaviorwas only discovered in thelast couple of years278现在首次被记录下来展示给世人and has never been filmedbefore279如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议If catching fish in the dark isimpressive280想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagine eating a slipperyminnow with no hands whilehanging upside down281拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn, over the karst hills ofGuilin282这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于These remarkable hills owetheir peculiar shapes283漓江那弱酸性的水质to the mildly acid waters ofthe Li River284亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whose meandering courseover eons of time hascorrode away their basis285只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来until only the rocky courseremained286漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一Li is one of the cleanestrivers in China287是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点a favorite spot for fishermenwith their trained cormorants288这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄The men, all called Huang,come from the same village289他们来自同一个村落now in their seventies andeighties290他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生they've been fishermen alltheir lives291在释放鱼鸟之前Before they release the birds292他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索they tie a noose, loosely around the neck293以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch294伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancing and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge295在水下Underwater296鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发the cormorant's hunting instinct kicks in297他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turning them into fish seeking missiles298一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Working together,299一早上便能收获颇丰a good cormorant team can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning300鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子The birds return to the raft with their fish because they've been trained to do so301从出生的那一刻起From the time it first hatched 302鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆each of these cormorantshas been reared to a life ofobedience to its master303这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶The birds are, in effect,slaves304但是它们并不是白痴But they are not stupid305据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It's said the cormorants cankey the tally of the fish theycatch306至少能记住七条at least up to seven307除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了So unless they get a rewardnow and then,they simplywithdraw their labor308渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己The fishermen of coursekeep the best fish forthemselves309鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分The cormorants get theleftover tiddlies310项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了With its collar removed，thebird can at last swallow itsprize311最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Best of all,when it isn't meantto have...312而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争These days,competition formodern fishing techniques313意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了means the Huangs can'tmake a living from traditionalcormorant fishing alone314这一流传了1300多年的传统And this 1300-year oldtradition315如今只能成为取悦游客的表演is now practiced mostly toentertain tourists316但在贵州省附近的草海湖上But on Caohai lake in nearbyGuizhou Province317一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展an even more unusualfishing industry is alive andwell318庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上Geng Zhongsheng is on hisway to set out his net for thenight319老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng's net is a strangetubular contraption with a closed off end320上百渔夫依靠这个More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake321水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive322并在此布下天罗地网and there are nets everywhere323第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch324乍看之下收获平平At first sight, it looks disappointing325小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling bugs326然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Geng doesn't seem too down hearted327大鱼被保持存活The larger fish are kept alive328这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat329令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来Surprisingly, some of thebugs are also singled out forspecial treatment330它们是蜻蜓的幼虫They are the young stage ofdragonflies331以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predators that feed onworms and tadpoles332这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方Nowhere else in the worldare dragonfly nymphsharvested like this333回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Back home, Geng spreadshis catch on the roof to dry334在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It's being in China, nothingedible would be wasted335在遥远的南方有这样一种说法There is a saying in the farsouth336“长腿的唯桌子不吃"We will eat anything withlegs, except a table;337长翅膀的独飞机不啃”and anything with wings,except a plane."338几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Within a few hours, the driedinsects are ready to bebacked up and taken tomarket339其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格Its the dragonfly nymphs thatfetch the best price340幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生Fortunately, Caohai'sdragonflies are abundant andfast breeding341所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量so Geng and his fellowfishermen have so far hadlittle impact on their numbers342但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃But not all wildlife is soresilient343这所上海附近的佛庙This buddhist temple nearShanghai344有一段与之相关的传奇故事has an extraordinary storyattached to it345 2007年5月In May 2007346一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里A Wild China camera teamfilmed this peculiarSwinhoe's turtle347拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟in the temple's fishpond348据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙According to the monks, this turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming dynasty349至今已有400余年历史了over 400 years ago350它被认为是地球上最老的动物It was thought to be the oldest animal on Earth351软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Soft shell turtles are considerd a god-made delicacy by many Chinese352在被记录下的时候and when it was filmed353它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一this was one of just three Swinhoe's Turtles left alive in China354他的同胞们The rest of its kind355被当作食物剿杀殆尽having been rounded up and eaten356悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后Sadly, just a few weeks after filming357这只远古的生物与世长辞了this ancient creature died358他的其他同类现在被散养在不同动物园保护着The remaining individuals ofits species are currently keptin seperate zoos359据测算现在斑龟在自然界中已经灭绝了and Swinhoe's Turtle is nowreckoned extinct in the wild360事实上中国25种淡水龟中In fact, most of the 25 typesof fresh water turtles inChina361多数都已然濒危are now vanishingly rare362杜绝物种灭绝的唯一途径The answer to extinction363就是加以保护is protection364这里有贯穿中国南方的不断壮大的自然保护区网络And there is now a growingnetwork of nature reservesthrough southern China365其中张家界天子山那由沙石构成的高耸的Of these, the Tianzi MountainReserve at Zangjiajie isperhaps the most visited byChinese nature lovers366塔状反重力地貌最受中国自然爱好者的青睐who come to marvel at thegravity-defying landscape ofsoaring sand stonepinnacles367蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流Winding betweenZhangjiajie's peaks368居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crystal clear mountainstreams are home to what isperhaps China's strangestcreature369这种奇异的动物This bizarre animal370属于蝾螈的一种is a type of newt371中国大鲵the Chinese GiantSalamander372在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼In China, it is known as thebaby fish373这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音because when distressed, itmakes a sound like a cryinginfant374成年体长1~1.5米It grows up to a meter and ahalf long375这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物making it the world's largestamphibian376在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Under natural conditions, aGiant Salamander may livedecades377但是和很多其他中国动物一。