2018年高考英语二轮复习第二部分 知识运用篇 专题4 语法填空第3讲 词性转换比较等级及名词单复数 课件
专题四 第三讲 语法填空
有提示词填空
词性转换、比较等级及名词单复数
1 2 3 4
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
技 能 突 破
走 出 误 区
随 堂 训 练
复 习 练 案
技 能 突 破
• 技法1：句子成分要记牢 • 高考的语法填空中，词性转换是必考的考点之一，学 会分 析句子成分对解题非常有帮助。
• 典例导引 • (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be______________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. • [解题思路] • ①分析句子成分→空格处作状语 • ②根据所作成分→可判断此处用副词形式 officially • 尝试解答：__________
• [技法解读] • 1．看到提示词在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语，或 在宾语后作宾补，要想到用形容词。 • 2．看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子作 状语时，要想到用副词。 • 3．看到提示词作主语或宾语或者在冠词( a/an/the)、形容 词性物主代词(my/his/their等)、指示代词(this/that)、名词 所有格后，要想到用名词。
recently • ①(2016·四川高考)Chinese scientists ________ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. • ②(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Recent studies show that we are far more regularly productive at work if we take short breaks __________(regular) ． caring/careful • ③(2016·四川卷)She was a very _____________(care) mother. • ④(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun slowly on hot days and give out that heat ________ (slow) during cool nights， thus warming the house.
• [技法解读] • 1．形容词变副词的后缀 分类 以-le结尾的形容词，变-le为-ly
以-y结尾的形容词，变-y为-ily 以“辅音＋e”结尾的形容词， 加ly 以“元音＋e”结尾的形容词， 去e加ly 以ll结尾的形容词，加y
示例 possible→possibly，terrible→terribly， comfortable→comfortably，gentle→gently， simple→simply等 easy→easily，angry→angrily，noisy→noisily， happy→happily，heavy→heavily， healthy→healthily等 rudely，politely，widely，nicely，closely， completely等
true→truly full→fully
• 2.形容词变名词的后缀 后缀 -age -cy -dom -ence -ness -th -y -ty 示例 short adj.短缺的→shortage n．不足；短缺 fluent adj.流利的→fluency n，流利；流畅 wise adj.聪明的→wisdom n．明智；智慧 different adj.不同的→difference n．差异 weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．虚弱；弱点 strong adj.强壮的→strength n．力气，强项 difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难 safe adj.安全的→safety n．安全
• ⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the ability adobe dwellings admirable is their ________(able) to“air condition”a house without using electric equipment. • ⑥(2015·安徽高考改编)They gave money to the old people's home personally either ____________ (person) or through their companies. Luckily (lucky)，he also had a cow which • ⑦(2015·广东高考)________ produced mike every day.
• 技法2：构词知识记准确 • 英语构词法中在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，从 而构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词。了解一 些构词法的知识，会对高考语法填空产生极大的帮助。
• (2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ______________(achieve)． • [解题思路] • ①分析句子成分→空格处作宾语 • ②根据所作成分→可判断此处要用名词形式 achievement • 尝试解答：_____________
• 3.动词变名词的后缀 • 常见的动词变名词的后缀有-al，-ance，-ence，-ion，-tion，-ation，-(ss)ion，ing，-ment，-ure，-ture，-y等。 后缀 -al -ance -ion 示例 approve v．赞成，批准→approval n．赞成，批准 appear vi.出现→appearance n．出现；外貌 attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引
2018高考英语语法填空词性转换经典总结
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语法填空词形转换A1.ability [ŋŋbŋlŋtŋ］n。
能力；才能able ［ŋeŋb（ŋ）l］a.能够；有能力的1.absence ［ŋæbsŋns］ n. 不在,缺席absent [ŋæbsŋnt] a。
缺席，不在3。
academic [ækŋŋdemŋk] a. / n。
学术的，教学的academy ［ŋŋkædŋmŋ］ n。
专科学院,（美）私立学校4. access [ŋækses] n。
/ v。
通道，入径，存取(计算机文件)accessible [ŋkŋsesŋb（ŋ)l］ a. 可到达的，可接受的5. achieve [ŋŋtŋiŋv] vt。
达到，取得achievement［ŋŋtŋiŋvmŋnt] n。
成就，成绩,功绩6。
act ［ækt] n. 法令，条例 v。
(戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏)；行动，做事action［ŋækŋ(ŋ）n］ n. 行动active [ŋæktŋv］ a。
积极的,主动的activity [ækŋtŋvŋtŋ] n. 活动7。
adapt [ŋŋdæpt］ v。
使适应,适合,改编adaptation ［ŋdæpŋteŋŋ(ŋ)n] n。
2018年高考英语二轮复习课件：专题4语法填空10张 精品
词 性
转 换
代 词
定 冠介语 词词从
句
名词 性
从句
状 语
并 列
从 句
句
Ⅰ 卷
2
2
111
0 111
0
00
2017年 Ⅱ 2 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
2016 Ⅰ卷 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 年 Ⅱ卷 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
全国 卷 Ⅲ卷 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
• 3．复读检查，修正错误
• 完成题目后，将文章回读一遍，看看有无明显的逻辑冲突， 答题是否规范，大小写是否正确，杜绝无谓丢分。
• 3．考点全面
• 设题时基本上一个空考查一个语法点，重复考查的语法点 很少。考点设置主要为时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词 和副词、并列句和复合句、名词、冠词、代词、介词和特 殊句式等。
• 4．提示词适当
• 一般10个空中有7个有提示词，提示词以实词为主，考查 虚词的一般不给出提示词。
• 为了提高语法填空的正答率，做题时可遵循“词性＋词义 ＋词(句)法”的答题原则，力求做到以下几点：
2015 Ⅰ卷 2 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 年
全国 Ⅱ卷 1 3 0 0 3 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
• 1．考查语法
• 空格的设置与语法关联度很高，即使考查词性转换或词形 变换，一般也都涉及某条或某几条语法规则，基本不单纯 考查单词的拼写或单词的意义。
• 2．重视语境
• 与单项填空不同，语法填空采用语篇的形式测试考生对语 法的掌握。考生要想得到正确答案，需要理解整个句子、 几个句子、整个语段甚至整篇文章。阅读文章时，需要搞 清文章前后分句之间或主从句之间的逻辑关系。
高考英语二轮复习课件：专题4+第3讲词性转换、比较等级及名词单复数(44张)
-y
recover v．恢复→recovery n．恢复；痊愈
• 4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀
• 常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有-able，-al，-ful，-ed， -ing，-ible，-ive，-ous，-some，-y，-ern，-ish等。
后缀
示例
-able accept vt.接受→acceptable adj.可接受的
• 2．看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子作 状语时，要想到用副词。
• 3．看到提示词作主语或宾语或者在冠词( a/an/the)、形容 词性物主代词(my/his/their等)、指示代词(this/that)、名词 所有格后，要想到用名词。
• ①(2016·四川高考)Chinese scireencetnistltys ________ (recent) had
前缀和后缀
示例
en-
able adj.有能力的→enable vt.使能够
-en
sharp adj.尖的→sharpen vt.使尖锐
-ify
simple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化
-ize
apology n．道歉→apologize v．道歉
• ①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But for tourists like me，pandas are its attrtaocptio_n_______(attract)． • ②(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese
-ed confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的
-ing
convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人 信服的
2018大二轮高考总复习英语文档第02部分 专题04 语法填空 Word版含答案
专题四语法填空A(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界)1.________a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side 2.________(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 3.________(process)the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt4.________(remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.As5.________result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even6.________(bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food7.________(be) full of fat and salt；by8.________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However，be 9.________(care) not to go to extremes.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both,10.________is not good for the health.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。
2018年高考英语二轮复习专题01语法填空(讲)(含解析)
专题1 语法填空【构建知识体系】2015-2017年全国高考本专题考查分布明细统计（新课标I卷）动词形容词副词名词代词冠词介词连词2015年 4 0 2 1 2 0 1 0 2016年 3 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 2017年 4 1 1 1 0 1 1 1【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》明确指出：高中学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容(教育部)。
考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。
语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。
同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向1.【2017·新课标I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the foodthat we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, peoplewill eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amountof fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between mealsand will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
【精选】高考英语二轮复习第二部分知识运用篇专题4语法填空第3讲词性转换比较等级及名词单复数练案
专题四语法填空第三讲词性转换、比较等级及名词单复数真题验证1(2017·全国Ⅲ)导学号 47404064 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh－faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A－level course .But unlike her school friends ,16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term 1.resting (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6500 a day as 2.a model in New York.Sarah 3.has been told/was told (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter,44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 4.who has taken part in shows along with top models wants 5.to prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her cation (educate)．She has turned down several 7.invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree 8.in engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, schooles (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is10.certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more.”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
2018高三英语二轮复习板块一语法与高考专题二语法填空题
语法填空题A(2017·辽宁省铁岭市高三协作体联考)What on earth does happiness mean？I can't give you its exact definition，but I'm sure if you love and help others you'll get it.I'll never forget an old lady.She lives in____1____small house alone.It is said that her husband and her son____2____(die) in a road accident years ago.Her life is bitter，but she often helps others____3____a smile.Whenever it snows，she is always the first____4____(clean) the paths.She looks after several children living nearby.I am one of them.I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile.Perhaps she is unlucky，but I think she is a happy person.Her life is full of____5____(laugh)and love.But I'm sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways.They talk____6____(noisy)in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others' shortcomings.Perhaps they feel happy at that time，____7____they will never get true happiness because they____8____(lose) their personality already.Now I know what happiness is.____9____means kindness，love and unselfishness.Above all，I have come to understand that____10____(bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.1．______________ 2.______________ 3.______________4．______________ 5.______________ 6.______________7．______________ 8.______________ 9.______________10．______________语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过两个事例告诉我们真正的快乐是帮助别人。
高三英语二轮专题复习第3讲 形容词和副词
第3讲形容词和副词1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap，easy and it’s always energetic (energy)．2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)A taste for meat is actually (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens，pigs，and cattle. 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even worse (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The Central London Railway was one of the most successful (success)of these new lines，and was opened in 1900.5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly (fair)unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. 6．(2016·四川卷)At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother’s Day！” Mom was grateful and moved (move)．7．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs (小树枝)which gradually (gradual)turned into chopsticks.8．(2016·四川卷)Chinese scientists recently (recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.9．(全国卷Ⅰ)Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner (clean)than ever.10．(全国卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed (disappoint)．一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级1．形容词、副词比较等级的规则变化(1)一般在词尾加－er和－est。
2018年高考英语语法知识最全概括
2018年高考英语语法知识最全概括高考英语语法易考知识点最全概括第一讲座：名词---基础篇一、名词的复数：1. 名词变复数的规则形式：1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es：city-------cities family-----families3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es：bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es：tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es：leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的：man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同：deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese4. 某国人的复数：1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词：1. 不可数名词：1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式；4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示；2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词：a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格：1. ’s 所有格：1). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”：This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom.四、名词作句子成分：1. 名词作主语：1). 表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there.2). 量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed.Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.3). 名词+介词（with、but、except、along with、as well as …….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致：The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill.4). 短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则：Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman.2. 名词作定语：1). 名词作定语时，一般用单数形式：There is a shoe factory near the school.2). 名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式：(sport )The sports meeting will be held next week.3). man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变：one man teacher two women teachers第二讲座：名词---提高篇一、名词的单复数：1. 可数名词的复数不规则变化：(1) 单复数同形：deer, sheep, Chinese, means, series, species, works, headquarters(2) 形单意复：people, police, youth, cattle, staff(3) 形复意单：news, physics, politics, maths(4)合成词变复数：passerby→passersby, soninlaw→sonsin-law, lookeron→lo okers-on, gobetween→go-betweens, grownup→grownups(5) 词形变化：man→men, child→children，tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice，medium→media2. 不可数名词的数：(1) 有些抽象名词在具体化时，以复数形式出现；表示特指时，可以和定冠词连用；表示“某种”或“一次”的意义时，可以和不定冠词连用：in surprise“惊讶地”，a surprise“一件令人惊讶的事”；win s uccess“获得成功”，a success“一个/件成功的人/事”；by experience“靠经验”，an experience“一次经历”；withpleasure“乐意”，a pleasure“一件乐事”。
2018高考英语二轮专题复习 语法填空+短文改错组合练(一)(带答案)
语法填空＋短文改错组合练(一)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2017·河南开封一模)At the last weekend of November, I drove to Fragrant Hills Park to see red leaves with my wife. Although the park announced it closed __1__ (it) yearly Red Leaf Festival early on November 13, it was still very crowded. It __2__ (report) that it received more than one million visitors during the Red Leaf Festival.We were told four ways to the top of the mountain, each of __3__ took 60 minutes to complete. We chose one way to get to the top. __4__ (see) from the top, it looked very beautiful. __5__ colorful the mountain is! Some trees were all red and some were covered __6__ yellow. The yellow leaves were especially golden and __7__ (enjoy). Then we visited Glazed Pagoda, SnowOntheWest Mountain and so on. I think they were all __8__ (well) worth visiting than many other attractions.On the way, we met an old couple who came from America. They said that they had traveled in China for several __9__ (month) and China was very great and beautiful. When I heard what they said, I was feeling __10__ (pride) as a Chinese.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：香山公园赏红叶【语篇导读】文章向我们介绍了作者驾车去香山公园赏红叶的所见、所闻及所感。