第三章 词汇翻译 重复法
2020考研英语：翻译之重复法.doc
2020考研英语：翻译之重复法考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由我为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：翻译之重复法”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：翻译之重复法重复法是指在译文中适当地重复原文中出现过的词语，以使意思表达得更加清楚或者进一步加强语气，突出强调某些内容，收到更好的修辞效果。
一般而言，英语往往为了行文简洁而尽量避免重复。
所以，英语经常借助替代、省略或变换等其他表达方法。
相反，重复却是汉语表达的一个显著特点。
在许多场合某些词语不仅需要重复，而且也只有重复这些词语，语义才能明确，表达才能生动。
为了达到汉语译文准确、通顺和完整的翻译标准，在考研翻译中，常常需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。
一、重复名词(一)重复英语中作宾语的名词Students must be cultivated to have the ability to analyze and solve problems.必须培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。
They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting.他们不太愿意推迟这个会议或者取消这个会议。
(二)重复英语中作表语的名词This has been our position–but not theirs.这一直是我们的立场––而不是他们的立场。
John is your friend as much as he is mine.约翰既是你的朋友，又是我的朋友。
(三)重复英语介词前所省略的名词英语中常重复使用介词，而将第二个、第三个介词前的名词省略，翻译时则往往可以重复这些省略的名词。
The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred ordinary patients.医生从我身上得到的实践，地比从一千七百个普通病人身上得到的实践还多。
重复翻译法
Repetition of Verb
英语中一个动词常跟几个宾语或表语，汉译 时往往重复这个动词。 e.g. Is he a friend or an enemy? — 他是朋友还是敌人呢？ e.g. They talked about about his family, about his work and about his future. — 他们谈到他的家庭，（谈到）他的工作， 还谈到他的前程。
Repetition of Noun
n.+substitute 英语第二次提到讲过的事物时习惯用代替词表 示替代，汉语则重复原词。这里的代替词包括 物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，同义词，the same, so, do(as), etc. e.g. Jack kicked the ball to Henry and Henry kicked it back to Jack. — 杰克把球踢给亨利，亨利又（把球）踢回给 杰克。
e.g. My room is lighter than the one next door. — 我的屋子比隔壁的屋子亮。 e.g. If you need any more money, you must get some out of the bank; there is hardly any in the house. — 假如你还需要钱，就得去银行取些出来， 家里没多少钱了。 e.g. The best watches are those made in Switzerland. — 最好的表是瑞士表。 e.g. Happy families also have their own troubles. — 幸福的家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼。
运用对仗
英语对仗句式前后两部分常有词的重 复，译成汉语时应尽可能保持同样词的重 复。 e.g. Eye for eye, tooth for tooth. — 以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 e.g. Out of sight, out of mind. — 眼不见，心不念。
重复译法repetition
TV GUIDE is the most popular magazine in USA,whose monthly sale reaches 189,000, 467 copies. Redaer’s Digest is second with a circulation of 109, 300, 247 copies. National Geographic, a good magazine about nature and geography, distributes 100, 200, 01 copies per month. BETTER HOMES and GARDEN has a circulation of 100, 200, 348 copies every month. WOMEN’s DAY , which is a popular magazine with females, sells 100, 100,103 copies per monthly while FAMILY CIRCLE has a monthly sale of 100, 12, copies.
但是他们并没有把感情流露出来只是斯斯文文地讲起海流讲起他们把钓丝送进海水的深度讲起好久不变的好天气还讲起他们所看到的一切
Repetition 重复译法
1.Definition Repetition: the way the key words are repeated in a given sentence or paragraph or passage in such a way as to conform to the idiomatic usage of the target language in E-C translation. 为了明确、强调或生动，需要在翻译中重复某些 关键性词语。重复译法其实也是一种增词法，只 是所增加的是上文出现过的词语。目的有三: (1). 使意义明确；(2). 表示强调；(3).使译文生动。
常用翻译技巧——重复法
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重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition） 重复（Repetition）重复（Repetition）
这属于谓语动词的重复形成排比句。
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例2．It is customary(往往) for adults to forget how hard and dull and long school was.
成年人往往忘了当年上学的日子多艰苦，多乏味，
多漫长。
副词重复形成排比结构。
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A: 听说当年XXX是你的女神？
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汉语常使用重复修辞，形 成大量的平行对偶结构； 而英语则常设法减少重复。
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例1．May is open windows and lilac(丁香) perfume
on the breeze and bees humming at tulips(郁金香).
五月是敞开的窗户，是微风送来的丁香的芬芳，是郁 金香丛中蜜蜂嗡嗡的欢唱。
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B：她长得又好，人又好，又聪明，谁 会不喜欢？
She is so pretty, so nice and so smart.
后面两个so要好还是不要好？
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See the pretty girl in that mirror there: Who can that attractive girl be? Such a pretty face, Such a pretty dress, Such a pretty smile, Such a pretty me!
7.重复法
He likes to stand on the platform, watching people come in, go out, go out, come in and saying nothing. 他喜欢站在台上，看着人们进进出出，出 出进进，却一言不发。 back
运用四字对偶词组
Although machines do work better and faster than a person does, they will never be able to replace him because they must be controlled by man.
尽管机器人比人工作得更好，更快，但机 器决不能取代人，因为机器必须由人来控 制。 back
But there had been too much publicity about his case. 但他的事已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。oasts were flat. 祝酒辞平平淡淡。 I wasn’t evasive in my reply. 我的回答并不躲躲闪闪。
7. 重复法 Repetition
在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文，不 得不重复某些词语。这种反复使用某 些词语的翻译方法就叫重复法。
一般说来，重复法有三个作用： 1. 为了明确 2. 为了强调 3. 为了生动
1. 为了明确
重复名词 重复动词 重复形容词 重复代词 重复介词
重复代词（重复代词所代替的名词）
Ignoring a problem does not solve it. 对于一个问题置之不理，并不能解决问题。 When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive. 她抬起眼晴的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特 别，很动人。
英汉翻译--3翻译技巧-重复与避免重复
牛奶按磅计价。（牛奶是 论磅卖。）
不宜省略
当然，有些场合，冠词是不能省略的。比如不定冠词a 或an 表示数量 “一”时，定冠词the 表示“这”或“那”时，均不能省略。
He left without a word. 他一句话不说就走了。 He said he was getting a dollar a mile. 他说他每开一英里就赚一元钱。
and read it with delight.
我收到了你的信，愉快地读了。
三. 省去泛指的人称代词 英语句子的主语都是泛指的，在译成汉语时，多省掉。
We have 7 days a week and 24 hours a day. 一个星期有7天， 一天有24小时。
We live and learn.
从语法角度进行省略
英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大，例如： 英语经常使用人称代词、关系代词等代词，而汉语代词则
用得较少；
英语重形合、连接词较多，而汉语重意合、连接词较少； 英语有冠词，而汉语没有； 英语介词丰富，而汉语介词较少。 因此，英译汉时可在不损害准确传达原文内容的前提下根
据具体情况将代词、连接词、冠词、介词等略去。
You can always tell the somebody from the nobody at a cocktail party. The somebody come late.
在鸡尾酒会上（人们）常常可以看出大人物 和无名小卒来。那些迟到的就是大人物。
四. 省去作主语的人称代词
英语中通常每句都有主语。人称代词作主语时，重复出现，但 根据汉语习惯，但前句出现一个主语且后句仍为同一主语时， 后句主语一般省掉，符合汉语的表达习惯。如：
09英汉翻译-3翻译技巧-重复与避免重复
These seemed to call into question the dominance not only of Western power, but of Western ideology.
这一切似乎不仅使人怀疑西方强权的垄断地 位，而且也使西方意识形态一统天下的局面 受到质疑。
The moon had just risen, very gold, over the hill, and like a bright, watching spirit, peered through the bars of an ash treቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ’s naked boughs.
月亮刚刚升起，金黄金黄的，悬挂在山坡 上方，象一个光芒四射的巡夜精灵，透过 桉树光秃秃的枝枝杈杈朝地上窥视。
可是他老婆不断地在他耳朵边叨唠个没完 ，说他懒惰，说他粗心，并且说他的一家 人都要毁在他的身上。
The snow falls on every pond and field; by the river and lake, on the hill and in the valley.
雪花撒落在水池上，田野里，撒落在河边湖畔，撒落在 山峦和山谷中。
The signs of China’s influence and success abound in America.
中国的影响，中国的成就，在美国到处可 见。
She became a millionaire — all by herself.
她成为一个百万富翁—一个白手起家的百 万富翁。
They were starting from scratch and needed men, gun, and training.
第3章 替换与重复汉译英 教学课件_790
3 句式重复
Now is the time for everyone to vote, for everything depends upon this election. All are against corruption, and so they should vote the Reform ticket. This is not a foolish thing, for the voters can elect anyone they want. But the people must turn out heavily, for if they do there is little doubt that they will elect the men they want.
英语多用代称，以避免重复；汉语多 用实称，因而较多重复。汉语的代词 远没有英语广泛。人称代词的使用是 1917年新文化运动之后才出现的。
王力：
中国现代语里不大用‘它’，尤其是 非动物。英语的‘it’译成‘它’很不 顺口。
Flattery is more dangerous than hatred because it covers the stain which the other causes to be wiped out.
Huge, riven and blazing wrecks that only minutes before had been majestic aircraft carriers settled into the glittering Pacific.
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第三章词汇翻译
第六节重复法
一、名词的重复
A. 名词作宾语时的重复
1.I must do my best to develop the students’ ability to analyze and solve problems.
2.We should inspect and oil the machines before work.
3.Can you tell the chemical and physical characteristics about this substance?
B. 名词作先行词的重复
1.Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the
earth.
2. A synthetic material equal to that alloy in strength has been created, which is very useful in
industry.
二、动词的重复
1.Refrigerators, freezers and air-conditioners must obey not only the first law (energy
conservation) but the second law as well.
2.The conflict spread everywhere, into little villages, as well as the cities.
三、代词的重复
A. 人称代词的重复
1.There is air around us although we cannot see it.
2.She works extremely hard though still rather poor in health.
3.He hated failure; he had conquered it all this life, risen above it, and despised it in others.
B. 代词that (或those)的重复
1.Einstein first considered that the maximum speed possible in the universe is that of light.
2.Translation from English into Chinese is not so easy as that from English into French.
C. 物主代词的重复
1.The conductor has its properties, and the insulator has its own.
2.Medium waves have their uses, short waves have their uses.
D. Whoever, whichever等词的重复
1.Give the book to whoever wants to buy it.
2.You may solve the question in whichever way you know well.
四、译成汉语的叠字
1.The road was packed with a noisy crowd of men and women, who were selling and buying all
kinds of things.
2.Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look.
3.She hoped she had mixed enough fact and fiction in her story to mislead him.
4.They read the afternoon through, while the cold November rain fell from the sky upon the
quiet house.。