introduction of biomass heating system
biomass
biomassBiomass: An Essential Source for Sustainable DevelopmentIntroduction:Biomass refers to organic materials derived from living, or recently living, organisms. It is a valuable and renewable source of energy that holds great potential for sustainable development. Biomass can be utilized in various forms, such as wood, crop residues, animal manure, and dedicated energy crops. This article aims to explore the importance of biomass as an alternative energy source, its potential applications, and the challenges associated with its implementation.The Significance of Biomass:1. Renewable Energy Source:One of the most significant advantages of biomass is that it is renewable. Unlike fossil fuels, which take millions of years to form, biomass can be continually produced through sustainable agricultural practices. This characteristic makesbiomass a key component in the quest for reducing carbon emissions and combating climate change.2. Energy Diversification:Biomass offers diversification in energy sources, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. By using biomass for electricity generation, heating, and transportation fuels, countries can improve energy security and reduce their reliance on imported energy. This diversification also helps mitigate the price volatility often associated with fossil fuels.3. Waste Management:Biomass utilization plays a crucial role in waste management. By converting organic waste into energy, biomass systems can reduce the burden on landfills and prevent the release of harmful greenhouse gases during decomposition. This not only minimizes environmental pollution but also provides a sustainable solution for waste disposal.Applications of Biomass:1. Heat and Power Generation:Biomass can be used to produce heat and electricity through various technologies, such as combustion, gasification, and anaerobic digestion. Biomass power plants generate electricity by burning biomass to produce steam, which drives a turbine connected to a generator. Heat generated during this process can be utilized for district heating systems or industrial processes, making biomass a versatile energy source.2. Biofuels:Biomass can be converted into liquid biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, which are used as alternatives to fossil fuels. Ethanol, produced by fermenting sugars present in biomass, is commonly blended with gasoline to reduce carbon emissions. Biodiesel, derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, can be directly used in diesel engines or blended with petroleum diesel. Biofuels offer a cleaner and more sustainable option for transportation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing energy security.3. Biorefineries:Biomass can be processed in biorefineries to obtain a range of value-added products, such as chemicals, materials, and bio-based products. Biorefineries integrate various conversion technologies to extract maximum value from different biomass feedstocks. This approach utilizes a holistic approach to biomass utilization, creating a sustainable and efficient industry.Challenges and Opportunities:1. Resource Availability:The sustainable utilization of biomass requires careful consideration of resource availability. It is crucial to ensure that biomass is sourced responsibly, without causing deforestation or compromising food security. Sustainable biomass management practices, such as planting dedicated energy crops and utilizing agricultural residues, can help overcome these challenges.2. Technological Advancements:To maximize the potential of biomass, ongoing research and development are essential. Technological advancements are needed to improve biomass conversion processes, enhance efficiency, and reduce costs. Innovation in areas such as pretreatment, fermentation, and thermochemical conversion can significantly improve the viability of biomass as an energy source.3. Policy Support:Governments play a vital role in promoting the adoption of biomass as an energy source. Policy support, such as feed-in tariffs, tax incentives, and research funding, can encourage investment in biomass projects and create a favorable market environment. Clear and supportive policies also help overcome barriers and promote the widespread use of biomass.Conclusion:Biomass is a valuable and renewable resource with immense potential for sustainable development. Its utilization offers numerous advantages, including being a renewable energy source, waste management solution, and diversifying the energy mix. Biomass can be applied in various forms, rangingfrom heat and power generation to biofuels and biorefineries. While challenges related to resource availability and technological advancements exist, with supportive policies and continued research, biomass can contribute significantly to a cleaner and more sustainable future.。
催化生物质气化制氢英文
催化生物质气化制氢英文The biomass gasification for hydrogen production is a process that involves converting biomass into hydrogen gas through a series of chemical reactions. This is achieved through a thermochemical process called gasification, which involves heating the biomass in a controlled environment with a restricted air supply to produce a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane.The gasification process can be catalyzed by using various catalysts, such as nickel, cobalt, or iron-based catalysts, to improve the efficiency and selectivity of the reactions. These catalysts can help in breaking down the biomass into smaller molecules and promoting the formation of hydrogen gas.The biomass feedstock used for gasification can include a variety of organic materials, such as wood, agricultural residues, energy crops, and municipal solid waste. These feedstocks are first dried and then converted into a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and other gases through the gasification process.The produced gas, also known as syngas, can be further processed to separate and purify the hydrogen gas. This can be achieved through processes such as water-gas shift reaction, pressure swing adsorption, or membrane separation to obtain high-purity hydrogen gas.The hydrogen gas produced from biomass gasification can be used for various applications, including fuel cells, industrial processes, and transportation. It is considered a sustainable and renewable energy source since biomass feedstock can be replenished through agricultural and forestry practices.In conclusion, biomass gasification for hydrogen production is a promising technology that can help in the transition towards a sustainable energy future. Byutilizing biomass as a feedstock, this process can provide a renewable and environmentally friendly source of hydrogen gas.生物质气化制氢是一种通过一系列化学反应将生物质转化为氢气的过程。
smog 英语作文
Smog is a term used to describe a type of air pollution that is a mixture of smoke and fog,often resulting from the burning of fossil fuels.It is a significant environmental issue that has become increasingly prevalent in urban areas around the world,especially in developing countries where industrial growth has outpaced the implementation of pollution control measures.Composition of Smog:Smog is primarily composed of various pollutants,including particulate matter,nitrogen oxides,sulfur dioxide,and volatile organic compounds.These pollutants can be emitted from various sources such as vehicles,industrial processes,and power plants.The presence of sunlight can further exacerbate the situation by causing a photochemical reaction that forms groundlevel ozone,a key component of smog.Effects of Smog:The impact of smog is not limited to the environment it also poses serious health risks to humans.Exposure to high levels of smog can lead to respiratory problems,including asthma attacks,bronchitis,and other lung diseases.It can also aggravate existing heart conditions and increase the risk of stroke.Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of smog.Causes of Smog:The formation of smog is a complex process influenced by several factors.Rapid urbanization,increased vehicular emissions,industrial activities,and the burning of biomass for cooking and heating are some of the primary contributors.Additionally, weather conditions such as temperature inversions can trap pollutants close to the ground, leading to the formation of dense smog.Prevention and Control Measures:To combat smog,various strategies can be implemented.These include:1.Emission Controls:Strict regulations on industrial emissions and vehicle exhausts can help reduce the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere.2.Public Transportation:Encouraging the use of public transportation and promoting carpooling can significantly decrease the number of vehicles on the road,thereby reducing emissions.3.Renewable Energy:Shifting towards renewable energy sources like solar,wind,and hydroelectric power can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels,which are major contributors to smog.4.Green Spaces:Increasing urban green spaces can help absorb some of the pollutants and improve air quality.5.Public Awareness:Educating the public about the dangers of smog and the steps they can take to reduce their contribution to air pollution is also crucial.Conclusion:Smog is a pressing environmental and health issue that requires immediate attention and action.By understanding its composition,effects,and causes,we can work towards implementing effective prevention and control measures.The collective efforts of governments,industries,and individuals are essential in the fight against smog to ensure a cleaner and healthier environment for all.。
生物油光热重整制取氢气实验系统图的流程
生物油光热重整制取氢气实验系统图的流程The experimental procedure for the production of hydrogen gas through biomass pyrolysis can be explained in the following steps:1. Biomass Preparation:The first step is to prepare the biomass feedstock. This can include various types of organic matter, such as wood chips, agricultural waste, or algae. The biomass needs to be dried and ground into small particles to increase its surface area for effective pyrolysis.（第一步是准备生物质原料。
这可以包括各种类型的有机物，如木屑、农业废弃物或藻类。
生物质需要被干燥并研磨成小颗粒，以增加其表面积，使得热解更加有效。
）2. Pyrolysis Reactor:The biomass is then fed into a pyrolysis reactor. This reactor is a closed system that provides controlled conditions for the thermal decomposition of the biomassfeedstock. It usually operates at high temperatures (400-600°C) in an oxygen-limited environment.（然后将生物质送入一个热解反应器。
生物质燃料燃烧过程中结渣成因分析
0引言生物质能具有清洁、低碳、可再生的特点，在保护生态环境、缓解能源供需矛盾、应对全球气候变化等方面发挥着重要的作用，是县城、中小城镇及农村地区供热的首选方式。
我国又是一个农业种植和生产大国，生物质能资源丰富，年生物质总产量约4.6亿吨标准煤［1］，完全可以满足生产生活的需要。
生物质燃料燃烧过程中结渣成因分析太原市热力集团有限责任公司裴俊强摘要：我国生物质资源丰富、种类繁多，是重要的可再生能源。
生物质能在供热和发电领域实现产业化利用一直是研究者们重点关注的问题。
然而在生物质的燃烧利用过程中，结渣已成为影响锅炉安全、高效、经济运行的关键。
因此，开展生物质结渣性研究对于其燃烧利用技术突破尤为重要。
本文主要对生物质燃烧过程中结渣的形成过程及理论进行深入的分析和解释，对影响结渣的因素进行了详细说明，并有针对性地提出解决方法，可以对生物质选择和缓减结渣提供有利的指导。
关键词：生物质；添加剂；结渣；灰熔点DOI编码:10.16641/11-3241/tk.2021.01.013Cause analysis of slagging during biomass fuel combustionTaiyuan Heating Group Co.Ltd.Pei JunqiangAbstract：Biomass resources are abundant and various in China，which are important renewable energy sources.Biomass resources industrialization in the fields of heating and power generation has always been the concern of researchers.During the combustion and utilization of straw biomass，slagging has become the key to the safe and efficient operation of the boiler.Therefore，it is very important to study the technological breakthrough of straw biomass.In this paper，the formation process and theory of biomass slagging are deeply analyzed and explained.The factors affecting slagging are described in detail，and the solution is proposed.The results of this paper provide favorable guidance for biomass selection and alleviating slagging.Keywords：biomas；additive；slagging；ash melting point在我国北方农村地区建筑采暖面积已达91.4亿m2，采暖耗能占全年生活总耗能的80%左右［2，3］，农村采暖普遍采用污染严重的散煤和柴薪，其燃烧排放大量的污染物。
130 th 生物质循环流化床锅炉的设计与运行
第36卷第5期2021年10月Vol.36No.5Oct.2021电力学报JOURNAL OF ELECTRIC POWER文章编号：1005-6548（2021）05-0404-07中图分类号：TK6文献标识码：B学科分类号：47040DOI：10.13357/j.dlxb.2021.049开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：130t/h生物质循环流化床锅炉的设计与运行任高飞1，王军2，王君峰3，龚迎莉1，王瑀3，杨海瑞1，张缦1（1.清华大学能源与动力工程系，北京100084；2.中国舰船研究院，北京100101；3.哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司，哈尔滨150046）摘要：生物质能是我国颇具发展潜力的可再生能源，也是实现生物固碳、绿色碳减排的载体。
生物质发电有迫切的社会需求，其中，直燃发电技术在实现生物质大规模的资源化、减量化和无害化利用方面更具优势。
循环流化床由于具有燃料适应性广、污染物控制成本低的优点，在生物质直燃发电领域得到广泛应用。
分析了生物质燃料的金属含量、挥发分、热值、灰分、硫分等方面的特殊性，针对生物质燃料的特殊性，开发了一台燃用生物质混料的130t/h高温高压生物质循环流化床锅炉，锅炉设计针对生物质燃料的特性，通过综合考虑燃料成分配比、床温的选取、风量的分配、燃料停留时间的控制，解决了床温控制、高炉膛结渣、回料阀聚团、尾部对流、受热面的积灰、锅炉受热面的腐蚀，以及分离器后燃现象等问题，在解决燃尽、污染物排放以及炉膛结渣等方面，锅炉的效能明显优化。
在投运6个月后，对该机组进行了运行评估，数据表明，设计值与运行值吻合良好，未出现由于积灰、结渣、腐蚀等问题而造成停炉，达到了设计要求。
关键词：生物质直燃发电；循环流化床锅炉；高温高压；设计；床温控制；高炉膛结渣；回料阀聚团；尾部对流；受热面的积灰；锅炉受热面的腐蚀；分离器后燃Design and Operation of130t/h Biomass Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler REN Gao-fei1，WANG Jun2，WANG Jun-feng3，GONG Ying-li1，WANG Yu3，YANG Hai-rui1，ZHANG Man1（1.Department of Energy and Power Engineering，Tsinghua University，Beijing100084，China；2.China Ship Research and Development Academy，Beijing100101，China；3.Harbin Boiler Company Limited，Harbin150046，China）Abstract：Biomass energy is the most potential renewable energy in China,and it is also the carrier to realize bio⁃logical carbon sequestration and green carbon emission reduction.Biomass power generation has urgent social needs.Among them,direct combustion power generation technology has more advantages in realizing large-scale resource utilization,reduction and harmless utilization of biomass.Circulating fluidized bed（CFB）is wide⁃ly used in biomass direct combustion power generation due to its advantages of wide fuel adaptability and low ＊收稿日期：2021-08-05作者简介：任高飞（2000—），男，本科生，主要进行生物质循环流化床锅炉等方向的学习，rgf18@；王军（1971—），男，工程师，主要从事能源利用方面的研究；王君峰（1982—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为循环流化床锅炉，186****5537@；龚迎莉（1976—），女，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为能源化工的测试技术，ylgong@；王瑀（1991—），男，工程师，主要研究方向为CFB锅炉，dao_3@；杨海瑞（1972—），男，博士，教授，主要研究方向为气固流态化理论与技术；张缦（1971—），女，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为循环流化床燃烧与技术等。
Biomass Energy Conversion
Biomass Energy Conversionis a process of converting organic materials, such as agricultural residues, wood waste, and sewage sludge, into energy. This renewable energy source is derived from living or recently living organisms and can be used to generate electricity, heat, and fuels. Biomass conversion technologies play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.There are various methods of biomass energy conversion, including combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and fermentation. Combustion is the most common method, in which biomass is burned to produce heat that can be used to generate electricity or heat buildings. Gasification involves heating biomass at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen to produce synthesis gas, which can be used to generate electricity or produce liquid fuels. Pyrolysis is a thermal decomposition process that breaks down biomass into bio-oil, biochar, and syngas. Anaerobic digestion utilizes bacteria to decompose biomass in the absence of oxygen, producing biogas that can be used as a renewable fuel. Fermentation is a biochemical process that converts biomass into biofuels, such as ethanol and biogasoline.offers several environmental and economic benefits. It reduces greenhouse gas emissions by providing a carbon-neutral energy source, as the carbon dioxide released during biomass combustion is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed during plant growth. Biomass energy also helps reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels, enhancing energy security and creating local jobs in the biomass supply chain. In addition, biomass conversion technologies can help manage waste materials and agricultural residues, reducing landfill waste and minimizing environmental pollution.Despite its advantages, biomass energy conversion faces some challenges that need to be addressed. One of the key challenges is the variability and seasonality of biomass feedstocks, which may affect the reliability and efficiency of biomass energy production. The costs of biomass conversion technologies can also be high, requiring significant upfront investments in infrastructure and equipment. In addition, the sustainability ofbiomass feedstocks is important to ensure that land use practices do not cause deforestation or competition with food production.To overcome these challenges, research and development efforts are underway to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of biomass energy conversion technologies. Innovation in biomass pretreatment, conversion processes, and integrated biorefinery systems can help optimize the use of biomass feedstocks and increase energy output. Incentives and policies that support the development of biomass energy projects, such as feed-in tariffs and renewable energy mandates, can also help accelerate the transition to a more sustainable energy future.In conclusion, biomass energy conversion is a promising renewable energy solution that can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy security, and promote economic development. By leveraging the diverse range of biomass conversion technologies and addressing key challenges, we can unlock the full potential of biomass energy and contribute to a more sustainable and resilient energy system.。
以碳中和为主题的作文英语
In the contemporary era,the concept of carbon neutrality has emerged as a pivotal strategy in the global fight against climate change. Carbon neutrality,often referred to as netzero carbon emissions,is a state where the amount of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere is balanced by an equivalent amount being removed,either through natural processes or through technological interventions such as carbon capture and storage.The journey towards carbon neutrality is not merely a scientific endeavor but a collective moral responsibility that each individual,community,and nation must embrace.It is a journey that requires a profound transformation in our energy consumption patterns,industrial practices, and lifestyle choices.The urgency of this transition is underscored by the alarming rate at which our planet is warming,with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC reporting that global temperatures have already risen by more than1degree Celsius above preindustrial levels.One of the most compelling examples of the pursuit of carbon neutrality is the city of Copenhagen,which has set an ambitious goal to become carbon neutral by2025.This Danish capital is leading by example, investing in renewable energy sources,promoting energyefficient buildings,and encouraging cycling and public transportation as alternatives to fossil fuelpowered vehicles.The citys commitment is evident in its comprehensive climate plan,which includes initiatives such as retrofitting buildings with green roofs and solar panels,and the development of a district heating system fueled by sustainable biomass.The transition to a carbonneutral society is not without its challenges. Economic factors,technological limitations,and social resistance can pose significant barriers to progress.However,these challenges also present opportunities for innovation and collaboration.For instance,the rise of electric vehicles EVs has been a gamechanger in the transportation sector, with companies like Tesla leading the charge in making EVs more accessible and affordable.Moreover,advancements in renewable energy technologies,such as solar panels and wind turbines,have made it increasingly feasible to generate clean energy on a large scale.The role of education in fostering a culture of sustainability cannot be overstated.By integrating environmental awareness into school curricula and promoting ecofriendly practices,we can instill a sense of responsibility in the younger generation.This includes teaching them about the science of climate change,the importance of reducing their carbon footprint,and the potential of renewable energy sources.It is through education that we can empower the next generation to become agents of change in the pursuit of a carbonneutral future.Moreover,the private sector plays a crucial role in driving the transition to a carbonneutral panies can adopt sustainable business practices,invest in clean technologies,and set ambitious targets for reducing their greenhouse gas emissions.For example,Google has committed to operating on100%renewable energy and achieving carbon neutrality for its global operations.Such corporate initiatives not only contribute to the global effort against climate change but also enhance a companys reputation and appeal to environmentally conscious consumers.Governments,too,have a critical role to play in facilitating the transition to a carbonneutral society.They can enact policies that incentivize the adoption of renewable energy,promote energy efficiency,and regulate emissions.For instance,the European Unions Green Deal is a comprehensive plan to make Europe the first climateneutral continent by 2050.This includes measures such as investing in clean technologies, improving energy infrastructure,and supporting research and innovation in the field of climate action.In conclusion,the journey towards carbon neutrality is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that requires the collective efforts of individuals, communities,businesses,and governments.It is a journey that demands a shift in our mindset,a commitment to innovation,and a willingness to embrace change.As we stand at the crossroads of climate action,it is imperative that we take bold and decisive steps towards a sustainable future.The time for action is now,and the path to carbon neutrality is one that we must tread together,for the sake of our planet and future generations.。
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2, Design of Machine Elements I. available at:
/Course/2363/Design-of-Machine-Elements-I#
3, Mechanical drawing (completed)机械制图[全213讲] Available at: /old/video/?b0fdea5b1b0c7c9b992714.shtml
heat exchanger(热交换装置), adjuster(调节器), monitor window(观察窗), exhaust port(排气口), etc. Principle Components Transmission components： pipes valves (调节器), interfaces
Disc & assign
Resources & reference
Green energy advice team. (2010). Biomass boilers. Retrieved 4 8, 2016, from Green energy: /biomass-boilers/ RMS group. (2015). Biomass boilers. Retrieved 4 8, 2016, from RMS group: /biomass-boilers.html The biomass energy centre. (2011). Biomass sustainability. Retrieved 4 8, 2016, from Biomass energy centre: /portal/page?_pageid=76,535178&_dad=portal&_sche ma=PORTAL
Principle Components
Application in Europe wildly used, high efficiency Application in China low efficiency, plenty of solid biomass resources
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Outcomes （学习目标）
What is Biomass heating system( BHS)? （生物质能供暖系统）
The principle of BHS. （工作原理）
The components of BHS. （零部件） The merits and drawbacks of BHS. (优缺点)
Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Background
People have been producing energy from biomass for centuries, and in many parts of the world it is still the principle source of heat. Moreover, biomass energy is considered to be one of the renewable energy.
Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Principle(原理)
A biomass heating system which generates heat from biomass(生物质) such as plants, other organic materials and residues as a fuel is used for space heating and heating water, etc. Tips： 1. Heating system 2. Biomass (renewable energy)
Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Components
Storage space of biomass items(生物质燃料),
Stove : biomass inlet(进料口), air inlet(进气口)
Background Outcomes
Disc & assign
Discussion: 1,What are merits and drawbacks of BHS? Merits： environmental friendly, higher efficiency, sustainable, save money.
(接口). (水管),control
Buffer storage: tank, Disc & assign
Radiator Resources & references taps
(水龙头).
heat exchanger.
taps: showers
(淋浴器),
(散热器)，Shower/
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Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
3. Heating water, space heating, shower
4. Saving money.
Home
Background Outcomes
Principle(原理)
Biomass (usually formed 成型) →Stove(炉具) → burning → Heat exchanging (热交换)→ Buffer storage (缓冲存储)→ Hot water or space heating(空间
Background Outcomes
Resources & references
1, Design Handbook: Engineering Drawing and Sketching. Available at: /courses/mechanical-engineering/2-007-design-and-manufacturing-i-spring2009/related-resources/drawing_and_sketching/
Drawbacks: storage room needed, relatively inconvenient,
Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Disc & assign
Assignments: 1. What can be use as biomass in house heating system?
Principle Components
4, Principle of mechanics 机械原理 Available at: /course/nwpu-20007#/info References:
B & R wood furnaces. (2013). Outdoor wood frnace distirbuter. Retrieved 4 8, 2016, from How it works: /how-it-works.html
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This is an introduction of biomass heating system(BHS), and it mainly contains principle, components of BHS. You are expected to have basic mechanical engineering knowledge for learning it. If not, some helpful resources links are available in the end slide. Target learners (推荐的学习者) are senior students of mechanical engineering.
采暖)
Principle Components
Disc & assign
Resources & references
Home
Background Outcomes
Principle(原理)
Biomass →Stove(炉具) → burning → Heat exchanging (热交换)→ Buffer storage (缓冲存储箱)→ Hot water
If you are interested in this area, I suggest you to find out what are the main factors that will hinder the application of BHS in south of China?
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Introduction of biomass heating system
Junior undergraduates
HandaniLiu Dept of Mechanical Engineering Email: hliu@ait.ie March 2016