程序设计报告-自动化142徐亮

序号:学号: 14417228C H A N G Z H O U U N I V E R S I T Y课 程 设 计课程设计名称： 抽乌龟学 院 名 称 ：信息数理学院学 生 姓 名： 徐亮 小 组 成 员：林志远 杨蒙姣 徐亮 .设计时间： 2015 年7 月1 日 2015 年7 月10 日目录一、“抽乌龟”任务书 (1)二、翻译 (3)Using cards.dll API (3)How to access the cards.dll API .. 3 Exported functions from cards.dll 3 How to load a Dynamic Link Library (6)Using the 16bit cards.dll library 7 WM_TIMER message (9)WM_LBUTTONDOWN message (10)Requirements (13)三、程序概述 (14)四、结构框图 (15)五、程序代码 (15)六、使用说明 (26)七、设计日志以及心得体会 (27)一、“抽乌龟”任务书"纸牌游戏——抽乌龟”任务书一、目的要求本课程设计任务的目的是要求学生按照分析、设计、编码、调试和测试的软件开发过程独立完成一个纸牌游戏程序，并能最终实现本系统的功能要求。

本任务要求完成拓展一，拓展六。

二、功能要求【题目描述】只要抽对方的牌，抽到一对可以打出去，最后看谁还剩下牌，这个就是乌龟牌。

这个游戏能够勾起不少人童年的回忆，这是多数人小时候经常玩的一种牌。

人机对战抽乌龟的规则是只选取红桃和方片两种牌型，由电脑和玩家随机抽取13张牌，然后从玩家手中的13张牌中随机抽走1张牌。

然后由电脑开始轮流从对方手中抽取一张牌。

一旦一手牌中有两张牌的点数相同（称为对子），则可同时将这两张牌收纳，并获得这两张牌的点数（分数）最后一张不能组成对子的牌就是乌龟，持有乌龟的玩家扣50分。

看电脑和玩家谁先达到100分获胜或-100分失败。

牌的点数计算为2～9的点数为各自的分值，10～K为10分，A为15分。

【程序要求】在屏幕上画出4行扑克，第一行为电脑的收纳牌盒，第二行为电脑持牌，第三行为玩家持牌，第四行为玩家收纳牌盒。

其中电脑持牌不对玩家显示。

在屏幕的最右边需要显示当前电脑得分，玩家得分，当前第几局等信息。

使用鼠标在电脑持牌行选取扑克，当鼠标点击时，将电脑牌翻开停留1秒后保存到自己持牌列，1秒后对自己持牌进行整理。

按下空格键切换到电脑抽牌，电脑抽牌时同样需要经过这2秒的停顿以便玩家能看清。

【难点提示】使用数组或者结构体数组保存扑克的点数以及相应的位置。

由于扑克之间会有重叠，因此需要计算扑克显示的位置，以便鼠标处理。

每当抽牌以后，需要重新计算各个数组中牌的点数和位置。

停顿1s可以使用Sleep(1000)来完成。

但是这将导致这1s中程序不响应，较好的解决办法是使用定时器。

参见拓展二。

二、翻译Using cards.dll APIHow to access the cards.dll APIThe aim of this article is to describe exactly how to use cards.dll, the dynamic link library that has shipped with all versions of windows since version 3.0. This library contains all of the playing card bitmapped images that games such as Windows Solitare use to display their graphics.There are actually two versions of cards.dll. The Windows 95 series of operating systems (this includes Windows 98 and Windows ME) use the original 16bit version which shipped way back with Windows 3.0. Obviously there are going to be problems using this 16bit DLL from your 32bit application, but I will come on to that later. The second version is a 32bit DLL, and ships with the Windows NT series (Windows NT, Windows 2000 etc). I will explain how to use this version first. Exported functions from cards.dllCards.dll exports five functions which your program can use to draw card images. These functions are the the only interface that cards.dll provides to draw cards. Note that these functions never let you have access to the bitmaps; rather, you supply a device context and thecard functions draw the card bitmaps for you. Here is a description of each function, and its prototype.cdtInitBOOL WINAPI cdtInit (int *width, int *height)Initializes the cards.dll library for your application. You must supply the addresses of two variables, in which cards.dll stores the width and height (in pixels) of a card.cdtDrawBOOL WINAPI cdtDraw (HDC hdc, int x, int y, int card, int type, DWORD color)Draws a card at position x, y on the device context hdc. The type parameter controls whether the front, the back, or the inverted front of the card is drawn.The card parameter controls which card is drawn. This parameter is dependent on the value of type. If a card face is to be drawn (type is 0 or 2), then card must be a value from 0 through 51 to represent each card. If type specifies that a card back is to be drawn (type is 1), then card must be a value from 53 to 68 (inclusive), to represent one of the 16 possible card backs.The card faces are organised in increasing order. That is, the aces come first, then the two's and so on. In each group, the cards are ordered by suit. The order is clubs, diamons, hearts, spades. This pattern is repeated as the card values increase.You can use the following values to represent each card suit.#define ecsCLUBS 0#define ecsDIAMONDS 1#define ecsHEARTS 2#define ecsSPADES 3To calculate the value of card given a suit (0-3) and a face value(0-13, 0 being aces, 13 being kings), you can use this simple formula: card = suit + face * 4Here is a list of the 16 possible card backgrounds that you can usein your code.#define ecbCROSSHATCH 53#define ecbWEAVE1 54#define ecbWEAVE2 55#define ecbROBOT 56#define ecbFLOWERS 57#define ecbVINE1 58#define ecbVINE2 59#define ecbFISH1 60#define ecbFISH2 61#define ecbSHELLS 62#define ecbCASTLE 63#define ecbISLAND 64#define ecbCARDHAND 65#define ecbUNUSED 66#define ecbTHE_X 67#define ecbTHE_O 68Lastly, the color parameter sets the background color for the ecbCrossHatch card back, which uses a pattern drawn with lines. All the other backs and fronts are bitmaps, so color has no effect.cdtDrawExtBOOL WINAPI cdtDrawExt (HDC hdc, int x, int y, int dx, int dy,int card, int suit, DWORD color)This procedure is the same as cdtDraw except that you specify the dx and dy parameters to indicate the size of the card. The card bitmaps are stretched or compressed to the specified size.cdtAnimateBOOL WINAPI cdtAnimate (HDC hdc, int cardback, int x, int y, int frame)This function animates the backs of cards by overlaying part of thecard back with an alternative bitmap. It creates effects: blinking lights on the robot, the sun donning sunglasses, bats flying across the castle, and a card sliding out of a sleeve. The function works only for cards of normal size drawn with cdtDraw. To draw each state, start with frame set to 0 and increment through until cdtAnimate returns 0.cdtTermvoid WINAPI cdtTerm (void)This function cleans up the card resources from your program. It takes no parameters, and returns no values. It is a good idea to call this function just before your card game exits.How to load a Dynamic Link LibraryThe best way to access the cards.dll libary is to use the LoadLibrary API call, and then use GetProcAddress to access the individualfunctions that cards.dll exports.HMODULE hCardDll;...BOOL InitCardsDll(void){hCardDll = LoadLibrary("cards.dll");if(hCardDll == 0)return FALSE;cdtInit = (pfcdtInit) GetProcAddress(hCardDll, "cdtInit");cdtDraw = (pfcdtDraw) GetProcAddress(hCardDll, "cdtDraw");cdtDrawEx = (pfcdtDrawEx) GetProcAddress(hCardDll, "cdtDrawExt");cdtTerm = (pfcdtTerm) GetProcAddress(hCardDll, "cdtTerm");return TRUE;}You should use the following typedef's to define each functionprototype:typedef BOOL (WINAPI *pfcdtInit)(int *, int *);typedef BOOL (WINAPI *pfcdtDraw)(HDC, int x, int y, int card, int type, DWORD color);typedef BOOL (WINAPI *pfcdtDrawEx)(HDC, int x, int y, int dx, int dy, int card, int type, DWORD color); typedef BOOL (WINAPI *pfcdtAnimate)(HDC hdc, int cardback, int x, int y, int state);typedef void (WINAPI *pfcdtTerm) (void);Note that all parameters to the 32bit library are themselves 32bitsin size.That's really all there is to it. Don't forget to release the librarywith FreeLibrary before your program exits.Using the 16bit cards.dll libraryo links for additional If you want your card game to run on Windows 95 thenyou have a problem, because 16bit DLLs are not directly compatiblewith a 32bit application. You have two options to choose from. Thefirst is to distribute the 32bit version of cards.dll with your game.This is a bad idea, because firstly it's probably illegal to do thisunless you have permission from Microsoft, and secondly, cards.dllis around 150Kb, which is a bit on the hefty side. Your second optionis to access the 16bit dll from your 32bit code using a technique calledFlat Thunking.Flat Thunking is documented (I won't say fully) in MSDN. It involveswriting two additional thunking DLLs; a 32bit DLL which thunks downto 16bit mode, and a 16bit DLL which calls the functions inside the"target" 16bit DLL.Whilst this is OK in itself, I've always thought it was a little messy to have to distribute two additional DLLs. Fortunately there is an undocumented method to perform a Flat Thunk directly from your win32 application.There is an undocumented function in KERNEL32.DLL called QT_Thunk. This function is used by a flat-thunk DLL pair to perform a thunk from 32 to 16bits. Using a little assembly language we can use this function directly from our own application without any additional DLLs. I won't describe here exactly how to perform this trick as it is fully documented in the source code.Assuming that we can now access the 16bit version of cards.dll, there are a couple of points to mention. The first is that we are dealing with a 16bit executable module. This means that the default size of an integer is 16bits. The consequence of this is that we need to make sure that we only pass 16bit integers to cards.dll. DWORD values can stay as 32bits. The source-code handles this correctly.The demonstration program uses the same 32bit function prototypes to access cards.dll regardless of which version of Windows you are using. The flat thunking is hidden behind a set of 32bit wrapper functions, so the test program does not need to know which version of Windowsit is running under when it calls the cards.dll functions.You may want to check out these tw information on this flat thunking trick.WM_TIMER messagePosted to the installing thread's message queue when a timer expires.The message is posted by the GetMessage or PeekMessage function.#define WM_TIMER 0x0113ParameterswParam [in]The timer identifier.lParam [in]A pointer to an application-defined callback function that waspassed to the SetTimer function when the timer was installed. Return valueType: LRESULTAn application should return zero if it processes this message. RemarksYou can process the message by providing a WM_TIMER case in the window procedure. Otherwise,DispatchMessage will call the TimerProc callback function specified in the call to the SetTimer function used to install the timer.The WM_TIMER message is a low-priority message. The GetMessage and PeekMessage functions post this message only when no other higher-priority messages are in the thread's message queue. RequirementsMinimum supported client Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only]Minimum supported server Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only]Header Winuser.h (include Windows.h)WM_LBUTTONDOWN messagePosted when the user presses the left mouse button while the cursor is in the client area of a window. If the mouse is not captured, the message is posted to the window beneath the cursor. Otherwise, the message is posted to the window that has captured the mouse.A window receives this message through its WindowProc function.C++#define WM_LBUTTONDOWN 0x0201ParameterswParamIndicates whether various virtual keys are down. This parameter can be one or more of the following values.Value MeaningThe CTRL key is down.MK_CONTROL0x0008The left mouse button is down.MK_LBUTTON0x0001The middle mouse button is down.MK_MBUTTON0x0010MK_RBUTTONThe right mouse button is down.0x0002The SHIFT key is down.MK_SHIFT0x0004MK_XBUTTON1The first X button is down.0x0020The second X button is down.MK_XBUTTON20x0040lParamThe low-order word specifies the x-coordinate of the cursor. The coordinate is relative to the upper-left corner of the client area.The high-order word specifies the y-coordinate of the cursor.The coordinate is relative to the upper-left corner of the client area.Return valueIf an application processes this message, it should return zero. RemarksUse the following code to obtain the horizontal and vertical position: xPos = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam);yPos = GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam);As noted above, the x-coordinate is in the low-order short of the return value; the y-coordinate is in the high-order short (both represent signed values because they can take negative values on systems with multiple monitors). If the return value is assigned to a variable, you can use the MAKEPOINTS macro to obtain a POINTS structure from the return value. You can also use the GET_X_LPARAM or GET_Y_LPARAM macro to extract the x- ory-coordinate.Important Do not use the LOWORD or HIWORD macros to extract the x- and y- coordinates of the cursor position because these macros return incorrect results on systems with multiple monitors. Systems with multiple monitors can have negative x- and y- coordinates, and LOWORD and HIWORD treat the coordinates as unsigned quantities. To detect that the ALT key was pressed, check whether GetKeyState with VK_MENU < 0. Note, this must not be GetAsyncKeyState.RequirementsMinimum supported client Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only]Minimum supported server Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only]Header Winuser.h (include Windowsx.h)三、程序概述1、主要功能：本程序为一款经典玩家与电脑对战的游戏程序，名叫抽乌龟，通过抽取对方牌来获得对子，当取得对子便加上当前点数相应的分数，最终计算分数，并持有乌龟牌的玩家减50分，分数高的玩家获得胜利。