Lesson 7 Mental Depression
抑郁症的英文作文
抑郁症的英文作文英文：Depression is a mental illness that affects millions of people worldwide. I have personally experienced depression and know how debilitating it can be. It is characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interestin activities that once brought pleasure. It can also cause physical symptoms such as fatigue, insomnia, and changes in appetite.One of the biggest challenges of depression is that it can be difficult to recognize and diagnose. Many people who are suffering from depression may not even realize it themselves. It is important to seek help if you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above.There are many different treatments available for depression, including therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. Finding the right treatment can take time andpatience, but it is worth it to regain control of your life.It is important to remember that depression is not asign of weakness and it is nothing to be ashamed of. It isa medical condition that can be treated just like any other illness. Seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness.中文：抑郁症是一种影响全球数百万人的心理疾病。
英语话题—抑郁症Depression讲课资料
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※ Depression is a mental health disorder, a psychiatric（精神病的）
condition，characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness, and poor concentration.
To avoid spiraling downward, work on thinking positively.
Learn to accept what you can’t change and focus on changing what you can.
Getting out of your head and into the zone of helping others helps keep you busy, your mind buzzing with positivity, and helps you feel good about yourself and the world around you.
Mental Depression The Recurring Nightmare
抑郁-挥之不去的梦魇珍妮 E. 布洛迪Prepared By Kevin Feng 感觉对于大多数人而言很熟悉-但是事与愿违，有时候却会觉的陌生，你会觉的无力做什么，而变的情绪低落。
这称之为抑郁。
几乎所有人在生活中都会时不时碰到这种经历。
许多事情会让一个人变的“低落”，包括天气(冬至期间诸事不顺这个情况对于一些人而言每年都有)，欢乐假期后的的消沉，睡眠不足，工作太多或者没有足够的时间去完成工作。
日常生活中的抑郁一般都能自愈，尽管它们可能对你生活有些许消极影响，但是并不严重。
然而，对于成千上万的美国人而言，抑郁症的威胁变的更大了，甚至还危及生命。
大多数严重的抑郁症是对生活中某一事件的反作用力-失业或者结婚，经济拮据，生重病或重伤，一段感情的结束。
在经过数周至数月的时间后，大多数的症状都会得到缓解，美好的生活仍旧在继续着。
而对于一些人而言，抑郁症会因为在别人看来能轻易并快速解决的小事情而触景生情反复发作。
而对于其他一些人，症状无关于“消沉”，没有特别的缘由，完全是因为病人本身的病症所致。
许多有成就的人受抑郁症所困扰，包括西格蒙德·弗洛伊德，亚伯拉罕·林肯，纳撒尼尔·霍桑，温斯顿·丘吉尔与宇航员艾德温E·艾德林。
国际精神健康机构估计每年有约4至8百万的美国人因为受抑郁困扰不能正常生活而被迫就医。
也许有1至1.5千万的美国人有抑郁症状却无碍正常行为。
很多人觉的抑郁症是“70年代人的精神疾病”，它已超过精神分裂成为美国第一位的精神疾病，而35岁以下的人群患抑郁证人数正在急剧上升。
一些专家指点这个时代的社会紧张因素：人人之间信任的缺失，个人影响的削弱，对成功不切实际的期望，家庭观念的淡泊，社会独立性与归属感的丧失或者是坚信一些小型机构提出的理论，他们鼓励整个社会尤其是有消极倾向的人得抑郁症。
如何鉴别自己或者其他你认识的人是否得抑郁症在一些情况下是比较困难的。
心理压力英语
心理压力英语随着社会的不断发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，但同时也面临着更多的压力。
心理压力是指在生活、学习、工作和社交等方面遭受的精神上的压力。
这种压力会对人们的身心健康产生不良影响，因此需要了解和掌握一些相关的英语知识。
一、心理压力的表现1. Anxiety（焦虑）: People with anxiety disorders frequently have intense, excessive and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations. This can interfere with their daily activities and make them avoid certain situations.2. Depression（抑郁）: Depression is a common mental disorder that causes people to experience sadness or loss of interest or pleasure in activities, along with other symptoms. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can decrease a person's ability to function at work and home.3. Insomnia（失眠）: Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early in the morning. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety, depression, and medical conditions.4. Fatigue（疲劳）: Fatigue is a feeling of tiredness or exhaustion that can be caused by physical or mental exertion,illness, or lack of sleep. It can interfere with a person's ability to function at work or home.5. Irritability（易怒）: Irritability is a feeling of frustration or anger that can be caused by stress, anxiety, or other emotional factors. It can lead to conflicts with others and can interfere with a person's ability to function at work or home.二、心理压力的原因1. Work-related stress（工作压力）: Work-related stress can be caused by a variety of factors, including long hours, heavy workload, difficult colleagues or bosses, and job insecurity.2. Financial stress（财务压力）: Financial stress can be caused by debt, unemployment, or other financial difficulties. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health problems.3. Relationship stress（人际关系压力）: Relationship stress can be caused by conflicts with family members, friends, or romantic partners. It can lead to feelings of frustration, anger, and sadness.4. Health-related stress（健康压力）: Health-related stress can be caused by chronic illness, disability, or other health problems. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mentalhealth problems.5. Life changes（生活变化）: Life changes such as moving, getting married, or having a baby can be stressful. These changes can disrupt a person's routine and can lead to feelings of uncertainty and anxiety.三、缓解心理压力的方法1. Exercise（运动）: Exercise can help reduce stress and improve overall mental health. It can also help improve physical health, which can in turn help reduce stress.2. Relaxation techniques（放松技巧）: Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can help reduce stress and improve overall mental health.3. Social support（社交支持）: Social support from friends, family, or support groups can help reduce stress and improve overall mental health.4. Time management（时间管理）: Time management techniques such as prioritizing tasks and setting realistic goals can help reduce stress and improve overall mental health.5. Professional help（专业帮助）: Professional help froma therapist or counselor can help reduce stress and improve overall mental health. They can provide support and guidance in dealing with stress and other mental health issues.总之，心理压力是现代人们面临的一个重要问题，但我们可以通过了解和掌握相关的英语知识来缓解压力，保持身心健康。
English book5 unit 7 Mental Depression
Lesson 7 Mental Depression: The RecurringNightmareI. General Arrangements1. Class Hours 92. Teaching Content1) Comprehension: types of mental depression and causes2) Language points3) Structural Analysis of the Text;4) Topic Discussion5) Exercises6) Homework: Dictation; Recitation; Writing and so on.3. Objective: By learning the text, the students are supposed to know at least twothings: 1) Although the article deals with various forms of mentaldepression from a medical point of view, the recurring and widespreadnightmare nevertheless reflects one of the many problems of Americansociety. 2) Writing style: journalistic style.4. Methods to be applied1) Questions and answers2) Discussion: general idea and outline of the text (textual organization)II. The Important Points1. Language points: most everyone; work out; get a person “down”; take the edgeoff life; financial setback; out of the blue; accomplished people; socialisolation; occupational underachiever; etc.2. Main idea of the text3. Structural analysis of the text4. Word study: experience, lift, provoke, perform5. Grammar: voiceIII. The Difficult Points1. The differences between undisguised forms and disguised forms of depression2. Various reasons for mental depression.3. The structural analysis of the text.IV. Detailed Study of the Text1.things don’t work out: things are incapable of being done (problems areincapable of being solved).2.your mental landscape is bleak: you are vacant-minded. Your mind is a blank.You cannot concentrate. You cannot think of anything. You cannot think.(cf.empty-minded: ignorant having nothing in the mind)bleak: bare / barren / desolate/ hopeless / joyless / unpromising3.few of us get through life without experiencing…: almost everyone experiences it(suffers from it) at one time or another in his life.get through: pass4.midwinter doldrums are an annual event for some: some people experience(suffer) depression in midwinter every year5.The ordinary everyday blues are…self-curing: The everyday depression does notlast long and the symptoms can automatically disappear (it does not need medical treatment)---It can cure itself.6.take the edge off (life): dull the intensity, force, or pleasure of sth or soften orreduce one’s appetite. Here: make life less interesting (uninteresting), weaken the enjoyment of life.7.incapacitate: make incapable of unfit (for/from), paralyzeHeavy housework burden incapacitate the mother for work (fromworking)outside.8.weather: come through, get through successfully, survive, withdrawweather a storm, weather all kinds of difficulties, weather a crisis9.social isolation: feeling of inability to fit in with others.10.loss of a sense…institution: You feel you have nothing to hold on to. You feelyou have lost contact with the mainstay (the main body) of society, sth. you candepend on or lean on, sth. larger and stronger than the individual, such as a school., company, or even the law.11.get overHis daughter works fast to get her lesson over. (finish)It is hard to get over that mountain. (pass over)A student returns to his class after he gets over illness.(recover from)It is no easy job to get over the death of a family member.(accept or forget sorrow or surprise)12.out of the blue, out of a clear sky, out of a clear blue sky (more or less clichéd ) :without any warning, by surprise, unexpectedly.13.totally incapacitate the victims: make them completely incapable of working (orliving a satisfying life).Incapacitate: 1) make incapable or unfit: His poor health incapacitated him forwork/from working.2) disqualify: be incapacitated from voting 被剥夺选举权14.rival n.: a person who competes with another.v. : be a rival of e.g. Basketball cannot rival football (soccer) in excitement.rivalry n.15.foster: care for, help the growth or development of, nurture, breed, feedfoster father birth father16.prone to: liable to , subject to, vulnerable to, inclined e.g.She is prone to exaggerate.I am prone to colds.be prone to accident/error/anger/idleness/superstition (and other generallyundesirable things)17.believe in : 1) believe sb.---believe what sb. says is truebelieve in sb.---have trust in him2) believe in physical exercise--- be sure of the value of.3) believe in Christianity (God, ghost) be sure of the existence of.18.occupational underachiever: person who does not achieve much in his occupation,who achieves less than his potential would allow him to, who is unable to work to his full abilitye.g. underdeveloped countries19.the acutely suicidal patient: person who has a strong and eager desire to commitsuicide or do things harmful to his own interests, who suddenly wants to commit suicideacutely: extremely, for sth. unpleasant (acutely unhappy, acutely boring, etc.) plain of: denoting the substance of the complaint complain of a headache, acold, ill-treatment).complain about: for more general statement e.g. She is always complaining aboutthe neighbor. English people always complain about weather.complain to: The customer complain to the manager of the discourtesy of a shop assistant.21.initiative : ability to think and act without being told or urged; enterprise1)act / do sth. on one’s own initiative: He helped his comrades on his owninitiative.2)have the initiative: be in the position to make the first move, e.g. in war3)take the initiative (in doing sth.): win initiative22. a “lump” in the throat: you feel your throat is choked with something. Thequotation marks indicate the phrase is used in its literal meaning, as opposed to its idiomatic sense. As an idiom, to have “a lump in one’s throat” means “feel like sobbing as a result of strong emotions such as excitement, grief, pride”.23.result from---causeresult in ----effectV. Answers to Questions (I. Comprehension P125)1.Depression is a feeling familiar to almost everyone: Nothing seems satisfying,things don’t work out, you can’t get yourself to do anything and your mentallandscape is bleak.2.Weather, insufficient sleep, too much work and too little time to get it done, etc.3.Stressful life events---loss of a job or a spouse, serious financial setback. Aserious illness or injury, the end of a love affair.ually they don’t.5.Not all of them are, but most of them.6.It depends. For some people, there is noting serious. But for others, they can beterribly incapacitating.7.social tensions of the times---erosion of trust, diminished personal impact, toohigh expectations for success, etc.8.1) emotional---dull, tired, empty, sad, numb feeling2) behavioral---irritability, excessive complaining, impaired memory, inability toconcentrate, etc.3) physical---loss of appetite, weight loss, constipation, insomnia, etc.9.No not always, because some are disguised.anic diseasesB.1.an introduction2.the three major classes of mental depressions: the ordinary, brief, self-curing; helonger, more serious depression suffered by millions of Am. people; the severe and incapacitating depression suffered by over-sensitive people3.of the seriousness of depression affecting society4.the social causes of depression5.the three main characteristics of undisguised form of depression6.how to recognize the symptoms of disguised form of depression7.the causes of depression: external causes, internal caused, organic diseasesP.127. C. Translate1. It was a tremendous letdown to be told that we failed (had failed).We were told…., which was a…2. The ship weathered the hurricane with no casualties.(and nobody was hurt, with nobody hurt)3. Too rigid parental control fosters rebellion (rebellious mood, emotion) in children.4. The manager wants him to do excessively heavy work.1.Don’t worry. Everything will work out (turn out) all right (well, smoothly).2.When I counted the books, I found that, all told (altogether), there were 50 bookson the shelf.3.Excessive argument (too heated argument) only fosters dissent and division(disagreement and disunion, discord and split).4.It was a terrible letdown for children when the party was cancelled (called off).5.Mary is prone to giggling at the most inappropriate (improper, unsuitable,unfitting) moments.VI. Dictation1. incapacitate exogenous chronic erosion2. All told, depr ession is clearly the mental illness of the 70’s, rivaling schizophrenia as the nation’s number one mental health problem.In addition to stressful events that cause depression and unknown internal, probably biochemical causes, depression can result from organic diseases.3. get over take the edge off out of the blueVII. Word StudyP128 A. Translate1.Many years of experience in teaching a foreign language qualifies her for thejob.(With many years of experience in foreign language teaching, she wasqualified/eligible for the post)2.I had a lot of interesting experiences during my year in Africa.3.He experienced hardships when he was only a child.4.It takes two men to life the large stone (big rock). (Two men are needed…)5.When the fog lifted, I could see for several li.(miles)6.The coach’s praise gave the whole team a lift. (lifted the spirits of all teammembers)7.His words provoked laughter amid the audience.(Not: provoke sb. to laughter,nor: pro voke…into doing sth. because the action that is provoked is alwaysunpleasant or against one’s will)8.He started a fight without provocation.9.His speech was provocative and caused (aroused) a lot of angry comment.10.Those who perform deeds of merits (win merits) shall be rewarded.11.He likes to watch a magician performing tricks (magics).12.You mustn’t interfere with an officer in his performance of duty.Cf. interfere with: meddle with. Please do not interfere with me.in terfere in: break in upon other person’s affairsP128 B. Word study revision1.Don’t persist in thinking the worst of others.2.Let’s hire (ask) a guide to conduct us through the museum.(show us around themuseum)3.He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.4.I don’t wonder at their turning the proposal down.(I don’t wonder that…)5.The enemies were obliged to lay down their arms.P129 VI. GrammarA.12. The wife was led (to) a miserable lif e by…or A miserable life was led to the wife by…Note: “ to lead sb. a certain kind of life “is to cause sb. to live a certain king of life. When “lead” takes an indirect object in this way, it is always an unpleasant or undesirable life that is referred t o. Thus we do not say : “He led his wife (children )a happy life.”Cf. point to, point at1.When “point” is vt. It normally takes “at”: point sth.(a gun, a club) at sb.When “point” is vi. both are possible, according to the idea expressed.2.for some visible object“Look!” she said, pointing to a blood stain on the carpet. (indication, indicate by pointing)One of the boys was pointing at something in the garden. (direction, point in the direction of)3.When mere direction is in question, without any particular object, point to:point to the east, the west, etc.4.“point to” expresses indication, not only of visible and material things but also ofnon-material things: All the evidence points to robbery as the motive of the crime.(Meaning: All the evidence indicates that robbery is the motive of the crime.) VIII. Homework1. Recite Para. 1 2 31.Writing A.2.Topics: What are some of the causes of depression in China/in College?P 131: VI. C.。
抑郁症英文介绍教学文案
抑郁症英文介绍Depression----The Mental Illnesswhat is depressionDepression is a mental health disorder , a psychiatric condition，characterized by sadness ,loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth ,disturbed sleep or appetite ,feelings of tiredness , and poor concentration.Specifically,it is a mood disorder characterized by persistently low mood in which there is a feeling of sadness and lost of interest.Depression is different from the fluctuations in mood that we all experience as a part of a normal and healthy life. Temporary emotional responses to the challenges of everyday life do not constitute depression.According to the US Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC),8% of people over the age of 12 years has depression in any two-week period.The World Health Organization (WTO)puts depression at the top of the list -it is the most common illness worldwide and the leading cease of disability.The organization estimates that 350 million people around the world are affected by depression.Major Depressive disorderMajor depressive disorder(MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations. It is often accompanied by low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities, low energy, and pain without a clear cause.People may also occasionally have false beliefs or see or hear things that others cannot.Some people have periods of depression separated by years in which they are normal while others nearly always have symptoms present. Major depressive disorder can negatively affects a person's family, work or school life, sleeping or eating habits, and general health. Between 2-7% of adults with major depression die by suicide, and up to 60% of people who die by suicide had depression or another mood disorder.The cause is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Risk factors include a family history of the condition, major lifechanges, certain medications, chronic health problems, and substance abuse.About 40% of the risk appears to be related to genetics .The diagnosis of major depressive disorder is based on the person's reported experiences and a mental status examination. There is no laboratory test for major depression. Testing, however, may be done to rule out physical conditions that can cause similar symptoms.Major depression should be differentiated from sadness which is a normal part of life and is less severe.The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for depression among those over the age 12, while a prior Cochrane review found insufficient evidence for screening.Typically, people are treated with counselling and antidepressant medication.Medication appears to be effective, but the effect may only be significant in the most severely depressed. It is unclear whether medications affect the risk of suicide. Types of counselling used include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy. If other measures are not effective electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be tried. Hospitalization may be necessary in cases with a risk of harm to self and may occasionally occur against a person's wishes.Major depressive disorder affected approximately 253million (3.6%) of people in 2013. The percentage of people who are affected at one point in their life varies from 7% in Japan to 21% in France. Lifetime rates are higher in the developed world (15%) compared to the developing world (11%).It causes the second most years lived with disability after low back pain. The most common time of onset is in a person in their 20s and 30s. Females are affected about twice as often as males. The American Psychiatric Association added "major depressive disorder" to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) in 1980. It was a split of the previous depressive neurosis in the DSM-II which also encompassed the conditions now known as dysthymia and adjustment disorder with depressed mood. Those currently or previously affected may be stigmatized.What are the signs and symptoms of depression? depression may be triggered by stressful life events, other illnesses, certain drugs ormedications, or inherited traits. although causes of depression are not entirely understood, we know it is linked to an imbalance in brain chemistry. once the imbalance is corrected, symptoms of depression generally improvePeople with depressive illnesses do not all experience the same symptoms. The severity, frequency and duration of symptoms will vary depending on the individual and his or her particular illness.Symptoms include:Persistent sad, anxious or "empty" feelingsFeelings of hopelessness and/or pessimismFeelings of guilt, worthlessness and/or helplessnessIrritability, restlessnessLoss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable, including sexFatigue and decreased energyDifficulty concentrating, remembering details and making decisionsInsomnia, early–morning wakefulness, or excessive sleepingOvereating, or appetite lossThoughts of suicide, suicide attemptsPersistent aches or pains, headaches, cramps or digestive problems that do not ease even with treatmentAll of these symptoms can interfere with your quality of life. Even if you don’t have major depression , if you have experience a few of these symptoms for at least two weeks you may have less severe form of depression that still requires treatment.the symptoms of slight and major depressionDepression is a medical condition in which a person feels very sad and anxious and often has physical symptoms.Slight depression could be a portion of major depression, so the criteria for this disease are important to consider and examine for people with the problem. If the depression is only minor, it will not have all of the components of major depression and therefore would be treated differently from themore serious version of the disease.The most common diagnostic criteria are encapsulated in the mnemonic device SIGECAPS. They are in the order of the letters, Sleep problems, lack of Interest, Guilty feelings, lack of Energy, problems with Concentration, Appetite and weight disturbances, Psychomotor retardation, and Suicidal thoughts or actions. If a person has five or six items in this criteria it is very likely that they have major depression and they should be treated for it. If they only have one or two of them they might have a less serious version of the disease, but it still may require treatment. The only difference is that it could be more minor. By asking about these different symptoms, people perform a basic diagnosis test to evaluate themselves or their patients.The symptoms of serious to slight depression may be very debilitating to a patient and identification of the problem is the first step to a full recovery. The condition of depressive disorders is prevalent through all walks of life and it is expected that the majority of persons will experience symptoms of depression at least once in the course of their life. However, since most people experience these symptoms at some point, extended research has been done to determine the best way to treat these specific conditions and many solutions are available to sufferers.To the tissues, which raises the carbon dioxide level, causing general Depression.Associated conditionsMajor depression frequently co-occurs with other psychiatric problems. The 1990–92 National Comorbidity Survey (US) reports that half of those with major depression also have lifetime anxiety and its associated disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder. Anxiety symptoms can have a major impact on the course of a depressive illness, with delayed recovery, increased risk of relapse, greater disability and increased suicide attempts.American neuroendocrinologist Robert Sapolsky similarly argues that the relationship between stress, anxiety, and depression could be measured and demonstrated biologically.There are increased rates of alcohol and drug abuse and particularly dependence,https:///wiki/Major_depressive_disorder - cite_note-34and around a third of individuals diagnosed with ADHD developcomorbid depression. Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression often co-occur.Depression may also coexist with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), complicating the diagnosis and treatment of both.Depression and pain often co-occur. One or more pain symptoms are present in 65% of depressed patients, and anywhere from 5 to 85% of patients with pain will be suffering from depression, depending on the setting; there is a lower prevalence in general practice, and higher in specialty clinics. The diagnosis of depression is often delayed or missed, and the outcome worsens. The outcome can also worsen if the depression is noticed but completely misunderstood.Depression is also associated with a 1.5- to 2-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease, independent of other known risk factors, and is itself linked directly or indirectly to risk factors such as smoking and obesity. People with major depression are less likely to follow medical recommendations for treating and preventing cardiovascular disorders, which further increases their risk of medical complications.https:///wiki/Major_depressive_disorder - cite_note-38 In addition, cardiologists may not recognize underlying depression that complicates a cardiovascular problem under their care.ManagementThe three most common treatments for depression are psychotherapy, medication, and electroconvulsive therapy. Psychotherapy is the treatment of choice (over medication) for people under 18. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2004 guidelines indicate that antidepressants should not be used for the initial treatment of mild depression, because the risk-benefit ratio is poor. The guidelines recommend that antidepressants treatment in combination with psychosocial interventions should be considered for:People with a history of moderate or severe depressionThose with mild depression that has been present for a long periodAs a second line treatment for mild depression that persists after other interventions As a first line treatment for moderate or severe depressionLifestylePhysical exercise is recommended for management of mild depression, and has a moderate effect on symptoms. Exercise has also been found to be effective for (unipolar) major depression. It is equivalent to the use of medications or psychological therapies in most people. In the older people it does appear to decrease depression.Exercise may be recommended to people who are willing, motivated, and physically healthy enough to participate in an exercise program as treatment.There is a small amount of evidence that skipping a night's sleep may improve depressive symptoms, with the effects usually showing up within a day. This effect is usually temporary. Besides sleepiness, this method can cause a side effect of mania or hypomania.In observational studies smoking cessation has benefits in depression as large as or larger than those of medicationsRangeMajor depressive disorder affects approximately 253 million people in 2013 (3.6% of the global population).The percentage of people who are affected at one point in their life varies from 7% in Japan to 21% in France.In most countries the number of people who have depression during their lives falls within an 8–18% range. In North America, the probability of having a major depressive episode within a year-long period is 3–5% for males and 8–10% for females.Major depression to be about twice as common in women as in men, although it is unclear why this is so, and whether factors unaccounted for are contributing to this. The relative increase in occurrence is related to pubertal development rather than chronological age, reaches adult ratios between the ages of 15 and 18, and appears associated with psychosocial more than hormonal factors. Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide.People are most likely to develop their first depressive episode between the ages of 30 and 40, and there is a second, smaller peak of incidence between ages 50 and 60.Therisk of major depression is increased with neurological conditions such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis, and during the first year after childbirth.It is also more common after cardiovascular illnesses, and is related more to a poor outcome than to a better one.Studies conflict on the prevalence of depression in the elderly, but most data suggest there is a reduction in this age group. Depressive disorders are more common to observe in urban than in rural population and the prevalence is in groups with stronger socioeconomic factors i.e. homelessness.。
英语作文抑郁症主题
英语作文：主题——抑郁症DepressionDepression is a common mental disorder that affects millions of people around the world. Depression is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in daily activities. Depression can also cause physical symptoms, such as fatigue, insomnia, appetite changes, and pain. Depression can impair one's ability to function at work, school, or home, and can increase the risk of suicide.Depression can be caused by various factors, such as genetic predisposition, stressful life events, trauma, illness, or medication. Depression can also be influenced by one's personality, coping style, social support, and culture. Depression is not a sign of weakness or a personal flaw. It is a serious medical condition that requires professional help.Depression can be treated effectively with various methods, such as medication, psychotherapy, or lifestyle changes. Medication can helpregulate the brain chemicals that affect mood and emotions. Psychotherapy can help one understand and cope with the underlying causes of depression. Lifestyle changes can help one improve one's physical and mental health, such as exercising regularly, eating healthily, sleeping well, and avoiding alcohol and drugs.Depression is not something to be ashamed of or to hide. It is a common and treatable problem that can affect anyone. If you or someone you know is suffering from depression, you should seek help as soon as possible. There is hope and recovery for depression. You are not alone in this struggle.全文翻译抑郁症抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，影响着全球数以百万计的人。
新视野大学英语第二册Unit 7课文翻译
新视野大学英语第二册Unit 7课文翻译Section A如果你常常生气、身心疲乏，好像你生活中的压力正在快速地积聚，将要失去控制，那么你可能是在损害你的心脏了。
假如你不想损害自己的心脏，你就需要努力学会在力所能及的范围内控制自己的生活──并且承认有许多东西你是无法控制的。
这是罗伯特·S. 埃利奥特博士的观点。
他是内布拉斯加大学的临床医学教授，新书《从压力到力量：怎样减轻你的负担，拯救你的生命》的作者。
埃利奥特说在这个世界上有一类他称之为“热核反应堆式的人”（即易怒的人）。
对这些人来说，紧张会导致他们血压大幅度迅速上升。
埃利奥特说，研究人员已经发现，有压力的人除了其他症状外，胆固醇的含量也较高。
“我们已经做了多年研究，证明过分忧虑或紧张所产生的化学物质的确会损伤心肌纤维。
这种情况发生时往往很快，不到5分钟。
它会造成许多短路，而且这种短路会引起严重的心律不齐。
心脏跳起来不像一个泵，而像一只装着蠕虫的袋子（杂乱而又绵软无力）。
当这种情况发生时，我们就活不成了。
”现年64岁的埃利奥特，在44岁时曾有过一次心脏病发作，他把那次心脏病发作的部分原因归于压力。
多年来，他一直是一个“热核反应堆式的人”。
表面上，他显得沉着、冷静、泰然自若，但他内心深处的压力使他筋疲力尽。
他现在身体状况很好。
他说，压力破坏性程度的主要预测指标是FUD因素──FUD指的是恐惧、犹豫和怀疑──再加上可察觉到的缺乏控制力。
对许多人来说，压力的根源是愤怒，而对付愤怒的诀窍是找出怒从何来。
埃利奥特问道：“这种愤怒是否来自这么一种感觉：希望一切事物都必须完美无缺？”“这在职业女性中是很常见的原因。
她们觉得要让人人感到她们无所不能，而且要把样样事情都做得完美无缺。
她们认为，‘我应该这样，我必须这样，我不得不这样。
’追求完美永无止境。
完美主义者事必躬亲。
他们生气是因为他们不得不把什么事情都扛在自己肩上，还为之发脾气。
随后他们就感到内疚，接着他们就再把整个过程重复一遍。
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Lesson 7 Mental Depression: The Recurring NightmareNew Words and Expressions1.Depression: ①a feeling of sadness that makes you think there is nohope for the future忧伤，沮丧，消沉She is overcome by depression. 她抑郁得不能自已。
②a medical condition that makes you so unhappy and anxious youcannot live a normal life抑郁症③a long period during which there is very little business activity andlots of people do not have jobs经济萧条期，不景气时期the long years of economic depressiondepressing: making you feel very sad令人忧愁的；沮丧的depressed: feeling very unhappy忧愁的，消沉的，沮丧的be depressed at/about sth2.Recur: if something, especially sth that has happened before,happens again 再次发生There is a danger that the disease may recur in later life.recurring：①复发的，再发的②经常的，再发生的a recurring nightmare再出现的噩梦3.Nightmare:①a very frightening dream②a very unpleasant or frightening experience不愉快（可怕的）的经历e.g: nightmare journey/situation4. landscape:①an area of countryside or land, considered in terms of how attractive it is to look at风景，景致，景色e.g: the beauty of the New England landscape in autumnthe desolate urban landscape城市荒凉的景象②a picture showing an area of countryside or land风景照，风景画Cezanne’s landscapes塞尚的风景画③the general situation in which a particular activity takes placee.g: the political/intellectual/mental landcape政治、知识界、思想概貌5. bleak: (adj.) without anything to make you feel cheerful or hopeful没有希望的，令人沮丧的bleaknewse.g: a bleak outlook/prospect/futureWith no money and no job, his prospects seemed bleak.(前景暗淡) (adv.) bleakly; (n.) bleakness6. doldrums: be in the doldrums①a). to be feeling sad无精打采，伤心，郁闷e.g: Fay’s really in doldrums today.费伊今天心情实在不佳b). to not be growing or improving 没发展，没进展，停滞The car industry has been in the doldrums for several years.②the doldrums: an area in the ocean just north of the Equator wherethe weather can be so calm that sailing ships cannot move.赤道以北海域的无风带7. annual: an annual conference8. letdown: (n.) an event, performance etc. that is not as good as you expected it to be; disappointment失望，令人失望的事e.g: The ending of the book was a real letdown.这本书的结尾确实是败笔。
9. blues: ①the blues: (informal)feelings of sadness忧郁，沮丧e.g: Don’t be surprised if you get the blues for a while after your baby is born. 如果你在生完孩子后出现暂时的忧郁，你不必感到惊讶。
②blues: a slow sad style of music that came from the southern US布鲁斯音乐a blues singer10. incapacitate: (v. often passive常用于被动态)，sth makes s.b too ill or weak to live and work normally（疾病或意外事故等）使无能力（正常生活或工作）e.g: He was permanently incapacitated after the accident.(adj.) incapacitating: making incapable of normal activity; paralyzing (n.) incapacity: ①the condition of being too illness or weak to live and work normallye.g: temporary incapacity through illness②the inability to do sth.无能力（做某事）the author’s incapacity to convey his ideas作者无法表达自己的思想11. stressful: a job, experience, or situation that is stressful makes you worry a lot充满压力的，紧张的e.g: Moving to a new house is a very stressful experience.(v.) stress: ①to emphasize a statement, fact, or ideaI can’t stress enough the need for cooperation. 合作的必要性无论我如何强调都不过分。
②to pronounce a word or part of a word more forcefully or loudlyThe word “machine” is stressed on the second syllable.(adj.) stressed: so worried and tired that you cannot relax焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的be stressed out极度焦虑的，非常紧张疲惫的12. setback: (n.)sth. that delays or prevents progress, or makes things worse than they were阻碍事物的发展；挫折e.g: The recent crime figures are a major setback for the law and order reforms. 最近的犯罪率使法治改革严重受挫。
set back: set sth./sb. Back: to delay the progress or development of sth, or delay someone from finish doing sth. 延缓（某事的）进展；阻碍（某人完成某事）e.g: The Cultural Revolution set back the modernization of China by many years.13. phenomenon: (pl.) phenomena: sth that happens or exists, especiallysth that is studied because it is not understoode.g: the phenomenon of international terrorism13. provoke: to cause a sudden reaction that is often very extreme or unpleasant激起，引起The decision to invade provoked storms of protest in the UN.①provoke sb to do sth: It’s the first time an article has provoked me to write to the newspaper.②provoke sb into doing sth: Don’t let him provoke you into losing your temper.别让他惹你发脾气。
14. weather: (v.)①to come through a very difficult situation safely平安地渡过（难关）weather the storm: Many small firms did not weather the storm of the recession.许多小公司经受不住经济衰退的冲击。
②a badly weathered statue（被风雨侵蚀的）15. unrelated: not concerned to each other in any way无关的，不相关的The police think that the two incidents are unrelated.be related to sth/sb16. astronaut: someone who travels and works in a spacecraft.17. rival:①(vt.) to be as good or important as someone or something else与...相匹敌（媲美）e.g: The college’s facilities rival those of Harvard and Yale.②(n) a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc.对手，竞争者He left the government to become her most formidable rival.他离开了政府，成了她最难以应付的对手。