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2024年辽宁省沈阳市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷英语试题(二)(含答案)

2024年辽宁省沈阳市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷英语试题(二)(含答案)

2024年辽宁省初中学业水平考试(模拟卷二)英语试卷(本试卷共45道题满分90分考试时间90分钟)考生注意:所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答,在本试卷上作答无效第一部分选择题(共50分)一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A1.Chen begins his work at .A.6:3 p.m.B.7:00 p.m.C.7:00 a.m.D.7:30 a.m.2.It's about 11:50 a.m.now.Chen may be .A.resting at homeB.having lunch outsideC.collecting rubbishD.on his way to Changping3.Chen visits the rubbish recycling station a day.A.onceB.twiceC.three timesD.four times 4.The text is about Chen'sA.interestB.jobC.total incomeD.daily timetableBChina showed its power at the ISU Short Track Speed Skating (短道速滑)World Cup in Montreal,Canada,which took place from October 20 to 22.China won its first gold medal of the season in the mixed 2,000 meters relay (接力赛)on October 21,with the great performance of Gong Li, Zang Yize, LiuShaolin and Liu Shaoang. Liu Shaoang also won the men's 500m final (决赛)on October 22.If you watch the competition,you will be amazed by the rocket-like start of the skaters. It needs the skaters to use great explosive power (爆发力).Short track speed skating is all about speed.As they race around the track,top skaters can reach a speed of 50 km an hour.They shift (转移)their weight between their legs and reach out their hands to keep up speed.Skaters are allowed to overtake (超过)others at any point during the race,but corner overtaking is the best way.Short track speed skating came about in Canada in the 1880s,but has grown popular in Asia since the 1990s. According to Xinhua,China,South Korea and Canada are the top performers at the World Short Track Speed Skating Championships.Team China is getting ready for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics.“The new season at ISU is a chance to train both new and experienced players for the coming games,” Zhang Jing ,the coach of the national team,told Xinhua.5. What does the underlined word“It” refer to?A.The score.B.Racing around the track.C.The rocket-like start.D.Watching the competition.6. Which picture can best describe the way of keeping up speed when skating?B.7.(新考法·跨学科试题)Short track speed skating has been popular in Asia for aboutA.20 yearsB.30 yearsC.40 yearsD.140 yearsD.C.8.W hat can be the best title for the text?A.Flying on iceB.Fighting for2026C.The history of skatingD.Showing power at the ISUCFrom the moon to Mars,scientists have been looking for water—the key tolife—in the solar system for decades.Recently,they have turned to Jupiter(木星)!On April 14, the European Space Agency's(ESA) JUICE spacecraftsuccessfully lifted off from French Guiana in South America.JUICE,short for“Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer”,will collect data from Jupiter and its three moons,Europa,Ganymede and Callisto.The three moons are believed to have big oceans of liquid water(液态水) under their icy shells (壳) .According to ESA,the water on these moons could be six times as much as the amount in Earth's oceans. The mission( 任务) “will change our understanding of the solar system”,wrote Scientific American.In 1998,NASA's Galileo spacecraft found that Europa might be ejecting(喷射)water as far as 160 kilometers into space.That gave scientists the idea of studying the icy moons of Jupiter.The oceans under these moons are likely to be tens of kilometers deep.But they are also trapped under tens of kilometers of ice,making it very difficult to study them.Although JUICE cannot land on the surface,it has lots of high-tech equipment to study the moon's environment,including spectral imaging(光谱成像)tools and radar(雷达) .“They could give more data on things like the thickness of the oceans,their salt content(含量),and their distance from the icy shells above,”reported Phys. org.“The main goal is to understand whether there are habitable(适合居住的) environments among those icy moons and around a giant planet like Jupiter,”JUICE team member Olivier Witasse said during a press conference(发布会)on April 6.9.JUICE has been sent to look for _on Jupiter.A.airB.sandC.goldD.water10.Paragraph 4mainly wants to tell usA.how far water can be ejectedB.why scientists wanted to study JupiterC.what NASA's Galileo spacecraft foundD.which spacecraft was used to explore the universe11.The underlined word"trapped"in Paragraph 5 has the closest meaning to" ”.A.lockedB.createdC.collectedD.taken12.The purpose of the task is to find out if .A.there are living things out thereB.life can live on some of Jupiter's moonsC.there are lakes in the universeD.we can move water from Earth to the moons of JupiterDThe hot pot has a long history of about 2,000 years.The hot pot used to be preferred in winter, but recently it has been appearing on tables all year round.Apart from(除了……外)its delicious taste,there are two other important reasons for the Chinese to like the hot pot.The first one is that the hot pot is considered a great way to make new friends. People gather around the pot,chatting,eating,drinking and having fun.The other is that the hot pot is a healthy meal.Eating the hot pot can warm the body and improve circulation(血液循环)in winter, and increase perspiration(出汗)to help cool the body in summer.There are several kinds of hot pots in China with different soup.Two of the most popular hot pots are Sichuan hot pot and Beijing mutton hot pot.Sichuan hot pot is famous for its numbing and spicy(又麻又辣的)taste,due to the addition of a special food material—Sichuan pepper—and other spicy things like chilli,which makes it different from other hot pots.Beijing mutton hot pot is regarded as the typical northern China hot pot.Mutton is its main part,and the soup is made from lamb bones.When you eat a hot pot in a restaurant,generally,there are two kinds of soup bases:spicy and clear.A clear soup base has quite a mild(温和的)taste,which is made from seafood or meat bones.A spicy soup base usually has Sichuan pepper,which is spicy and salty.If you have a mixed group with some who don't eat spicy food,there is a special pot with a divider in the middle between the spicy and clear soup,which is called a double-flavor hot pot(鸳鸯锅).13.The hot pot is popular because①it tastes delicious②it is cheap and easy to make③it is a way to make friends④it is a healthy mealA. ①②③B. ②③④C.①③④D.①②④14.Paragraph 4mainly talks aboutA.the typical northern China hot potsB.the introduction of two hot potsC.the taste of Sichuan hot potD.the food material of Sichuan hot pot15.In Paragraph 6, the writer advises the mixed group toA.give up eating any hot potB.choose a clear soup baseC.enjoy Beijing mutton hot potD.try a double-flavor hot pot16.Match the different kinds of the hot pots with the characters(特点)according tothe passage,①Sichuan hot pot ②Beijing mutton hot pot ③double-flavor hot pota.a typical northern China hot potb.the numbing and spicy tastec.the clear soup and the spicy soup are both includedA.①—b;②—a;③—cB.①—a;②—b;③—cC.①—c;②—a;③—bD.①—b;②—c;③—a第二节阅读短文,从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一个多余的选项。

贵州省2023年初中学业水平考试(模拟试卷二)

贵州省2023年初中学业水平考试(模拟试卷二)

贵州省2023年初中学业水平考试(模拟试卷二)数学同学你好!答题前请认真阅读以下内容:1.全卷共6页,三大题共25题,满分150分,考试时间为120分钟.考试形式为闭卷.2.一律在答题卡相应位置作答,在试题卷上答题视为无效.3.不能使用计算器.一、选择题:以下每题均有A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项,其中只有一个选项正确,请用2B 铅笔在答题卡相应位置作答,每题3分,共36分.1.计算(-5)+5的结果是(A )0(B )-10(C )-25(D )-12.下列数学符号中,是轴对称图形的是(A )∥(B )⊥(C )≌(D )∽3.2023数博会于5月26日在贵阳盛大启幕,以“数实相融算启未来”为主题开展相关活动,活动布展规模达60000平方米.60000这个数用科学记数法可表示为(A )60×102(B )6×104(C )6×105(D )0.6×1054.如图,用一个平面分别去截下列水平放置的几何体,所截得的截面不可能是三角形的是5.若二次根式2x 有意义,则实数x 的值可能是(A )-2(B )0(C )1(D )36.如图,在平面内过点A 作直线m ∥l ,可作平行线的条数有(A )0条(B )1条(C )0条或1条(D )无数条7.已知a >3,下列不等式中,不一定正确的是(A )a -3>0(B )a +1>4(C )2a >6(D )am >3m 8.某市招聘教师,规定将笔试和面试成绩按照4∶6计算总分并择优录取.王星本次参加测试的笔试成绩是85分,面试成绩是90分,则王星最后得分为(A )85分(B )87.5分(C )88分(D )90分(A )(B )(C )(D )(第6题)(第11题)(第9题)图①图②9.将四根长度相等的细木条首尾相接,用钉子钉成四边形ABCD ,转动这个四边形,使它形状改变.当∠B =90°时,如图①,测得AC =2;当∠B =60°时,如图②,AC 的长为(A)2(B )2(C )6(D )2210.关于x 的一元二次方程(m -5)x 2+2x +2=0有实根,则m 能取到的最大整数值是(A )2(B )3(C )4(D )511.《九章算术》中记载了一种测量古井水面以上部分深度的方法.如图,在井口P 处立一根垂直于井口的木杆AP ,视线AC 与井口的直径PB 交于点D ,如果测得AP =2米,BP =3.6米,DP =1米,则BC 为(A )3.6米(B )4.2米(C )5.2米(D )7.8米12.二次函数()220y ax ax c a =-+≠的图象过点(3,0),那么方程的解为(A )1321-=-=x x ,(B )1321=-=x x ,(C )1321-==x x ,(D )1321==x x ,二、填空题:每题4分,共16分.13.已知两个变量x 与y 满足112=-y x ,当自变量6=x 时,因变量y 的值是▲.14.转动如图所示的转盘,当转盘停止时,指针落在白色区域的概率是▲.15.关于x 的分式方程22-+x m x =3的解是正数,则m 的取值范围为▲.16.如图,点A (1,0),点B (4,0),点C 从原点出发,沿y 轴正半轴移动,连接AC ,将线段AC 绕点A 顺时针旋转60°得到线段AD ,连接BD ,当线段BD 取最小值时,点C 的坐标为▲.(第14题)(第16题)220-+=ax ax c三、解答题:本大题共9题,共计98分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.(本题满分12分)(1)如图,数轴上A ,B 两点所表示的数分别是a ,b ,则a ▲0,b ▲0,a -b ▲0;((填“<”或“>”)(2)先化简(m +2)(m -2)-m 2+m ,再从(1)中的数轴上A ,B 之间任取一个你喜欢的整数作为m 的值,代入化简的结果并求值.18.(本题满分10分)伴随网络化发展,网络销售的确给生活带来便利.小红对网上一家电子产品店在今年14-月的电子产品销售总额情况进行数据收集并整理如图①,其中一款平板电脑的销售额占当月电子产品销售总额的百分比如图②.(1)这家电子产品店从1月到4月,电子产品销售总额为多少万元?(2)直接写出这家电子产品店从1月到4月,电子产品每月销售总额的中位数▲;(3)小红通过图②得出结论,这款平板电脑24-月的销售额占当月电子产品销售总额的百分比与1月份相比都下降了;小星通过图②得出结论,这款平板电脑4月份的销售额比3月份有所下降.请判断,小红和小星得出的结论是否正确?若不正确,请说明理由.(第17题)(第18题)图①图②(第19题)如图,AE ,AD 分别是△ABC 的边BC 上的中线和高,已知BE =8.(1)BC =▲,∠DAC +∠C =▲°;(2)若AD =5,AE =AC ,求△ADE 的面积.20.(本题满分10分)“双减”政策颁布后,各校重视了延时服务,并在延时服务中加大了体育活动的力度.某体育用品商店抓住商机,计划购进乒乓球拍和羽毛球拍共300套进行销售,它们的进价和售价如下表:已知购进2套乒乓球拍和1套羽毛球拍需花费120元;购进4套乒乓球拍和3套羽毛球拍需花费270元.(1)求出表格中a ,b 的值;(2)该体育用品商店根据以往销售经验,决定购进乒乓球拍套数不少于羽毛球拍套数的13,若这批体育用品能够全部售完,如何购货才能获利最大?最大利润是多少?21.(本题满分10分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A 坐标为(0,3),过点A 作y 轴的垂线交反比例函数(0)k y k x=>的图象于点B ,连接OB ,△AOB 的面积为6.(1)求反比例函数的表达式;(2)若点C 为x 轴正半轴上一点,请用无刻度的直尺和圆规作出∠BOC 的平分线,与反比例函数的图象交于点D ,并求出点D 的坐标(要求:不写作法,保留作图痕迹).进价售价乒乓球拍(元/套)a 55羽毛球拍(元/套)b 50(第21题)构建几何图形是利用“数形结合”的思想解决代数问题.学习特殊角的三角函数值时,老师让同学们准备一副三角板如图①,利用直角三角形的边角关系直接探究即可得出结论.(1)填写表格中的特殊角的三角函数值;(2)【问题解决】学习特殊角的三角函数值后,老师布置的课后作业是计算tan22.5°的值.【构建图形】如图②,在Rt △ABC 中,∠C =90°,∠ABC =45°,延长CB 到点D ,使BD =AB ,连接AD ,得∠D =22.5°,所以tan22.5°=112211(1)(212)2-===-++-AC CD .【类比探究】计算tan15°的值.(要求,构建图形并写出计算过程)23.(本题满分12分)如图,△ABC 内接于⊙O ,过点B 作⊙O 的切线,交直径DA 的延长线于点E .(1)若∠ACB =26°,则∠BAD =▲°;(2)求证:∠ABE =∠ACB ;(3)若AE =2cm ,BE =4cm ,求⊙O 的半径.(第23题)(第22题图①)(第22题图②)24.(本题满分12分)如图①,抛物线l :c bx x y ++=2与x 轴相交于点A ,B (3,0)两点,且与y 轴相交于点C (0,-3).(1)求抛物线的表达式和顶点坐标;(2)如图②,若抛物线l 沿着直线y =-x 平移,使其顶点落在坐标轴上,直接写出平移后抛物线的表达式;(3)当(2)中平移后的抛物线顶点落在y 轴上时,在x 轴上是否存在一点P (不与原点重合),过点P 作x 轴的垂线分别交平移前后的抛物线于点E ,F ,交直线y =-x 于点G ,使得PF =EG ,若存在,求出点P 的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由.25.(本题满分12分)【问题解决】(1)如图①,正方形ABCD 的对线相交于点O ,过点O 作OE ⊥OF ,分别交AB ,BC 边于点E ,F .在实验与探究中,小红发现通过证明△BOE ≌△COF ,可得OE =OF .请帮助小红完成证明过程;【类比探究】(2)如图②,在矩形ABCD 中,O 为对线BD 上任意一点,过点O 作OF ⊥OA ,交BC 边于点F ,当BC =2AB 时,求证:OA =2OF ;【拓展提升】(3)如图③,在□ABCD 中,O 为对线BD 上任意一点,过点O 作∠AOF =∠BAD .交BC 边于点F ,求证:BC AB OA OF =.图①图②(第24题)图①图②图③(第25题)。

2023届湖南省重点大学附属中学高三下学期模拟试卷(二)物理试题及答案

2023届湖南省重点大学附属中学高三下学期模拟试卷(二)物理试题及答案

湖南重点大学附中2023届模拟试卷(二)物理注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题(本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分。

每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的)1.下列说法正确的是A.图(a)中,观看3D电影时佩戴特殊的眼镜是运用了双缝干涉的原理B.图(b)叫牛顿环,是光的衍射现象C.图(c)水中的气泡看上去特别明亮,是由于光发生了折射引起的D.图(d)所示光导纤维的内芯折射率比外套大2,如图甲所示是用光照射某种金属时逸出的光电子的最大初动能随入射光频率的变化图像(直线与横轴的交点的横坐标为4.29,与纵轴的交点的纵坐标为0.5),如图乙所示是氢原子的能级图,下列说法正确的是A.根据该图像能求出普朗克常量B.该金属的逸出功为0.5eVC.该金属的极限频率为D.用能级的氢原子跃迁到能级时所辐射的光照射该金属能使该金属发生光电效应3.很多智能手机都有加速度传感器,能通过图像显示加速度情况。

用手掌托着手机,打开加速度传感器,手掌从静止开始迅速上下运动,得到如图所示的竖直方向上加速度随时间变化的图像,该图像以竖直向上为正方向,重力加速度的大小,由此可判断出A.手机可能离开过手掌B. 手机在时刻运动到最高点C.手机在时刻改变运动方向D.手机在~时间内,受到的支持力先减小再增大4.如图,光滑绝缘水平面上,由1、2、3三个带电量均为+q、质量均为m的相同金属小球,均用长为L的三根绝缘细绳连接,A、B、C分别为三根绝缘细绳的中点,O为三角形中心,现选取无穷远处为电势零点(已知单个点电荷q周围空间的电势,r为到点电荷的距离),则下列说法正确的是A.O点的电场强度不为零,且方向向上B.若长度L可调节,则A、O两点的电势可能相等C.系统的总电势能为D.系统的总电势能为5.如图所示,一理想自耦变压器线圈AB绕在一个圆环形闭合铁芯上,左端输入正弦交流电压,L1为相同的灯泡,其电阻均为且恒定不变,定值电阻的阻值为灯泡阻值的。

2024年浙江省杭州市中考英语模拟试卷(二)(含详细答案解析)

2024年浙江省杭州市中考英语模拟试卷(二)(含详细答案解析)

2024年浙江省杭州市中考英语模拟试卷(二)一、完形填空:本大题共15小题,共15分。

Nervously,but for courage,I held the rope of my guide dog Coco a bit tighter when we passed by my neighbour's yard.Walking by Mr.Smith's (1)______ was the best part of our morning walk.And also the (2)______ .The sweet smell of the beautiful roses in Mr.Smith's yard was absolutely the best.The worst,came from Mr.Smith,an ice-cold man."Hello,Mr.Smith."I greeted him as usual,and hedidn't (3)______, as usual.But I knew (4)______ was there,at the door.I could hear him take a few steps back.Without eyesight(视力),my (5)______ were like my"eyes" and even better than them sometimes.I heard him (6)______ the door quickly and everything went silent.I wondered (7)______ Mr.Smith always ignored(忽视) me."Why (8)______ two people who both like roses be friends?" The question circled in my mind for long.Maybe because I'm blind(盲的)?Disabled people sometimes do make people (9)______ .They are different from common people and some even look strange.But I heard him playing chess with Jimmy who's in a wheelchair. Maybe local people dislike foreigners But he and my brother Joe get on well.Maybe because I'm a girl?( 10)______ when my friend Helen greets him,he says hello to her warmly.So Mr.Smith likes Jimmy,Joe and Helen,but not me and Coco!Wait!I (11)______ seemed to understand the reason he didn't talk to me.I just needed to prove(证实) it.I tied Coco to a tree,felt my way and moved slowly.Without Coco leading the way,I was not sure about each step.I heard his gate open."Jenny!Be (12)______ !"Mr.Smith shouted worriedly and the next second,he took me by the arm."Mr.Smith,I didn't think you liked me.Now I guess I've (13)______ the secret—you are afraid of Coco?"I asked him in a low voice."Yeah,Jenny.You know,your Coco is such a...big dog." Mr.Smith laughed,feeling embarrassed(尴尬的)( 14)______ a child being caught."Your fear of Coco may be big,but our (15)______ is BIGGER!I'll help e..."1.A. yard B. study C. kitchen D. bedroom2.A. best B. worst C. easiest D. hardest3.A. move B. notice C. reply D. escape4.A. I B. it C. he D. she5.A. eyes B. ears C. hands D. feet6.A. open B. shut C. repair D. answer7.A. how B. why C. when D. where8.A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. won't9.A. excited B. lucky C. angry D. afraid10.A. So B. And C. But D. Because11.A. certainly B. suddenly C. recently D. naturally12.A. honest B. polite C. confident D. careful13.A. paid for B. found out C. made up D. suffered from14.A. like B. for C. except D. with15.A. dream B. happiness C. friendship D. surprise二、补全对话-填空:本大题共1小题,共10分。

2023年河北省衡水市中考物理仿真模拟试卷(二)(含解析)

2023年河北省衡水市中考物理仿真模拟试卷(二)(含解析)

2023年河北省衡水市中考物理仿真模拟试卷(二)一、单选题(本大题共11小题,共22.0分)1. 用分子的观点解释下列现象,正确的是( )A. 水结成冰——温度降低,分子停止运动B. 汽油挥发——分子体积变大C. 热胀冷缩——分子的大小随温度的改变而改变D. 轮胎充气——分子间有间隔2. 人们在生活和生产中为了防止发生事故,常需要采取一些安全措施。

下列对安全措施的解释错误的是( )A. 乘客乘车时需要系好安全带,是为了减小汽车行驶中人的惯性B. 油罐车的下面拖着一条铁链,可以避免静电放电带来的危害C. 冬天用煤炉生火取暖需要通风,是为了防止煤气中毒D. 加油站、面粉厂等地严禁烟火,是为了防止发生爆炸3. 分类是认识和研究问题的重要方法。

下列分类正确的是( )A. 导体:铅笔芯、铜、橡胶B. 非晶体:食盐、松香、沥青C. 单质:金刚石、石墨、煤D. 混合物:医用酒精、空气、碘酒4. 下列探究实例中,运用了控制变量法的是( )A. 探究杠杆平衡的原理B. 研究电流大小时,根据电流产生的热效应大小来判断电流的大小C. 探究铁生锈的条件D. 探究酸碱是否发生反应5. 逻辑推理是学习的常用思维方法,下列推理正确的是( )A. 平衡力大小相等、方向相反,则大小相等、方向相反的两个力一定是平衡力B. 酸溶液pH<7,但pH<7的溶液不一定是酸溶液C. 有机物中都含有碳元素,则含有碳元素的化合物一定是有机物D. 钢铁制成的轮船可以漂浮在海面上,则钢铁的密度一定小于海水的密度6. 下列对如图所示内容的解释错误的是( )A. 甲:微小压强计是连通器B. 乙:紫色小花喷水的部分变红,未喷水的部分不变色,说明CO2能与水反应C. 丙:为了验证“导体电阻跟长度是否有关”,应选用的导体是b、cD. 丁:通入氧气后水中的白磷燃烧,说明燃烧需要氧气7. 下列数据中,符合实际的是( )A. 一支全新2B铅笔的长度约为18dmB. 一个篮球的质量约为500gC. 我国高速公路的最高限速为120m/sD. 按照国家规定,夏天公共建筑内的空调温度应控制在10℃左右8. 下列关于声和电磁波的说法正确的是( )A. 物体振动越快,发出声音的响度越大B. 地震、火山喷发等自然灾害会伴有超声波的产生C. 在主干道旁设置噪声监测设备或隔音板,都是为了减弱噪音D. 倒车雷达与军事雷达传播的媒介是不同的9. 下列有关物态变化的说法正确的是( )A. 昆虫身上露珠的形成是液化现象,会吸热B. 夏天从冰箱中取出的冰块“冒白气”,是汽化现象,会放热C. 冬天窗户玻璃上出现的冰花是凝华现象,会放热D. 植物上雾凇的形成是凝固现象,会吸热10. “注意安全,珍爱生命”是同学们必备的意识,下列有关家庭用电的说法正确的是( )A. 电灯的开关应接在零线与电灯之间B. 在停电期间检修电器,不需要断开总开关C. 只有大功率的用电器才需要使用三孔插座D. 使用试电笔时,手要接触笔尾金属体11. 在“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验中,光具座上各元件位置如图所示,此时在光屏上恰好成一个清晰的像,下列说法正确的是( )A. 幻灯机应用了这一成像规律B. 若只升高凸透镜,光屏上的像会向上移动C. 若凸透镜不动,光屏与蜡烛对调,光屏上不能承接到清晰的像D. 贴近凸透镜左侧放一老花镜,要想再次得到烛焰清晰的像,需向右移动光屏二、多选题(本大题共3小题,共9.0分)12. 下列说法正确的是( )A. 物体受到力的作用时,运动状态不一定发生变化B. 高速行驶的汽车不容易停下来,说明速度越大惯性越大C. 人用力推放在水平地面上的木箱,没推动,说明推力小于箱子受到的阻力D. 人造卫星绕地球沿椭圆轨道从远地点向近地点运动的过程中,势能转化为动能13. 下列有关电与磁的说法不正确的是( )A. 导体在磁场中做切割磁感线运动,不一定产生感应电流B. 电磁铁的磁性强弱只与电流大小有关C. 小磁针静止时N极所指的方向与该点的磁场方向相同D. 动圈式话筒的工作原理是磁场对电流有力的作用,工作时将电能转化成机械能14.如图所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变,a是电流表或电压表,R1和R2为定值电阻,R3为滑动变阻器,R1的阻值大于滑动变阻器的最大阻值。

湖南省长沙市2023届高三下学期模拟(二)语文试卷含解析

湖南省长沙市2023届高三下学期模拟(二)语文试卷含解析

长沙市2023届模拟试卷(二)语文(答案在最后)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,17分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。

材料一:有一些学者对ChatGPT在教育中的使用表示担忧。

总的来说,虽然ChatGPT在教育中的应用存在很大潜力,但也存在学业诚信遭质疑、师生过度依赖、信息传输不准确等风险与挑战。

ChatGPT能在多门学科中帮助学生完成学习任务,提高教学成果的完成度与创意感,但也引发了学者们对学生学业诚信的担忧。

有研究者提出,ChatGPT可能会帮助学生实施作弊,使教育评估机制失去平衡,导致教育不公平的问题。

有研究者通过测试ChatGPT与真实考生在大学开放性考试中的作答结果后表示,ChatGPT的推出可能导致在线考试和开放性考试学术诚信的终结,因为ChatGPT的考试答案展现出了高度的批判思维和逻辑思维,能在很少的输入下生成高度逼真的文本,使学生在考试中作弊成为可能。

此外,教务人员也表示很难区分学生和ChatGPT生成的写作内容,并且当学生使用ChatGPT回答问题时,教务人员很难充分评估学生的真实理解水平。

诚然,ChatGPT和其他内容生成类模型能为学生提供互动学习,让学生在互动中受益。

2014年的一项研究也证明,与模仿人类情感行为的虚拟导师互动的学生学习效果更好。

但是,学生在多次使用ChatGPT后,很可能会产生一定的依赖心理。

尤其在多次使用其协助完成学习任务并获得较好的成绩后,学生很可能沉迷于其效果。

因智能工具产生依赖进而养成惰性心理是有先例的。

如早前多有报道学生依赖作业搜题工具而导致学习成绩下降的问题。

2023届上海市上海中学高三模拟卷练习二英语试卷(含答案)

2023届上海市上海中学高三模拟卷练习二英语试卷(含答案)

高考英语上海卷模拟试卷(二)考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分140分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

第I卷(共90分)I. Listening Comprehension (25 分)Section A (每题1分,共10分)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (每题1 分,共20 分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.An implant that can cool nerves to block pain signals has been unveiled by researchers who say the device could offer an alternative to drugssuch as opioids (类鸦片活性肽).The team behind the device say it could bring benefits for management of acute pain such as (21)_______ experienced after amputations (截肢)or nerve grafts."We are optimistic that this represents a very promising starting point for an engineering approach (22)_______ treating pain,” said Prof John Rogers of Northwestern University in the US, a co-author of the research. But he cautioned that it might be some time (23) _______ they were available to patients. "As with any implantable device, the regulatory process can be slow, typically (24) _______ (involve) much more extensive animal model studies over a period of years," he said.Writing in the journal Science, the team report that the device to block pain signals, which (25) _______(test) only on rats so far, involves a pump, external control system and an implant made from a soft, rubbery substance. The latter forms a sealed collection of tiny channels which form a twisting path in the part of the implant that sits around the target nerve like a cuff.When liquid coolant and dry nitrogen flow through the implant, the liquid causes a drop in temperature. An electronic sensor in the device allows the temperature at the nerve (26) _______(keep) constant."All body processes are based on metabolic chemical reactions, motions of ions and flows of fluids--all (27) _______slow down as a result ofcooling,” said Rogers. “ The net effect when cooling is applied to a nerve is in blocking of electrical signals."Among their experiments, the team tracked two rats with an injury, recording over a three- week period the minimum force that (28)_______be applied to the hind paw to cause the animal to retract (缩回)it. This data was then compared against three rats who were similarly injured but also had the implant. The results suggest bouts of cooling of the injured nerve from 37℃ to 10℃led to (29) _______(severe) pain, with a sevenfold increase in the force that could be applied to the paw. The team say the implant’s benefits include (30)_______, in contrast to opioids, it is not addictive. As the implant is made with water-soluble and biocompatible materials, it can break down in the body after use. The implant could be inserted as an extension of the patient’s initial surgery.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the -words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. attachedB. bottle-fedC. confusionD. invisibleE. originallyF. orphanedG. partneringH. procedureI. reproducedJ. subjectsK. unintentionallySaving Baby BearsReacting to the auditory assault of barking dogs, shouts and rifle blasts, a 168-pound American black bear shot out and hightailed (迅速逃走)it into the woods off a logging road.His sister, weighing in at 135 pounds, took a little more time to overcome her fear and (31) _______ before she, too, ran for the trees and away from the humans who had driven more than 100 miles to witness the bears’ return to the wild.The cubs were the 106th and 107th (32) _______ or injured bears to be raised or treated at the Progressive Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) Wildlife Center in Washington state, then released months later in the same general area where they were (33) _______found. Fitted with GPS collars and tattooed with identification numbers on their gums, the bears are also among the latest (34) _______of a long-term research study being conducted by Rich Beausoleil and Lindsay Welfelt, both biologists and bear and cougar specialists.The siblings were only two weeks old when a forest worker and his dog (35) _______ disturbed their den in February 2020, scaring away their mother. She never returned.The worker contacted the WDFW, an agency (36) _______with PAWS to rehabilitate sick, injured wild animals before releasing them back into their natural habitats."Their eyes and ears weren't open, and their teeth hadn't evenerupted,Jennifer Convy, PAWS senior director of wildlife, said of the cubs, which each weighed less than 2 pounds when they arrived and were the youngest ever to be raised at the center.Though (37) _______at first, the cubs weren't cuddled. Instead, their caregivers wore bear- scented bear suits during feedings once the cubs' eyes had opened. At PAWS, the staff and volunteers take pains to be (38)_______to all the animals in their care."They don't see us, ever. We don't talk to them. We don't name the animals because we don't want our staff or volunteers to get (39)_______,“ Convy said. After more than a year, the bear siblings were released.The wildlife biologists are studying how the bears raised at PAWS fare after their release, compared to their wild-reared brethren. One cub released in 2017 had her first litter of cubs in January."We've been to her den several times." Beausoleil said. "She (40)_______ and had cubs of her own ... This was kind of a turning point for us."After all, the whole point of PAWS' rehabilitation "is to protect and perpetuate (使持续) the species," he said.III. Reading Comprehension (45 分)Section A (每题1分,共15分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four wordsor phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Other da Vinci CodeFor centuries, two of the most intriguing questions about Leonardo da Vinci's "Mon a Lisa" were "Who " and "When ”A(n) (41) _______made at Heidelberg University in 2005 pretty much answered both. A note written in a manuscript in the library (42) _______the account of da Vinci's first biographer, Giorgio Vasari: that the sitter was a merchanfs wife, Lisa Gherardini. The note also helped date the masterpiece to between 1503 and 1506.A(n) (43)_______ mystery-"Where "- is still in dispute. But on June 3rd a French engineer, Pascal Cotte, declared that he and a collaborator had (44) _______the landscape in the background of the painting. Arguments had (45)_______ been made for stretches of countryside in the Marche region and between Milan and Genoa. During a presentation in Vinci, near Florence, Mr Cotte maintained that the artist was more plausibly depicting a part of his native Tuscany 一one that keenly interested him at the time. According to this theory, da Vinci represented the area not as it was, but as, in an unrealised scheme, he (46) _______ it to be.Mr Cotte, who was asked by the Louvre (where the "Mona Lisa" hangs) to create a digital image of the painting, is the inventor of themultispectral camera: a device that can detect not only the drawing below the (47) _______of an oil painting, but also, where they exist, intermediate layers of work. It was among these, under what appears to be a pointed rock, that he found a(n) (48) _______sketch showing that da Vinci meant it to represent a castellated tower.The landscape of the "Mona Lisa" also includes a huge overhanging cliff. That is (49)_______ to one that da Vinci included in a sketch of a fortress (堡垒)contested by Pisa and Florence in the war that flared between them in 1503 (around the time he was painting Gherardini). The (50)_______ with the nearby cliff ——and a tower, known as the Caprona tower 一all overlook the river Amo as it snakes from Florence to Pisa. All three also feature in drawings made by da Vinci to illustrate a plan about which, says Mr Cotte, he became “(51) _______”.This involved diverting the Amo to (52) _______Pisa's water supply and give Florence an outlet to the Mediterranean. In the early 1500s, with the two citystates at war, the idea was under active consideration. Mr Cotte argues that a(n) (53) _______ winding through desolate countryside at the right of the "Mona Lisa" is too wide to be a road, as some have speculated, and is(54) _______the driedup bed of the Amo as da Vinci envisaged (设想)it once his plan had been adopted.It never was. But if Mr Cotte's theory is right, it might just explain why Gherardini, a Florentine, exhibits such a contented, if mysterious, (55)_______。

2024年海南省海口市高考模拟(二)物理试卷

2024年海南省海口市高考模拟(二)物理试卷

2024年海南省海口市高考模拟(二)物理试卷一、单选题 (共7题)第(1)题如图所示,图中带箭头的实线为某静电场的电场线,虚线A B、CD为该电场的等势线。

带电粒子甲从A点以大小为v₀的初速度射入电场,到达C点,轨迹如图中1所示;带电粒子乙从B点以大小也为v₀的初速度射入电场,经过D点,轨迹如图中2所示。

不计粒子的重力和粒子间作用力,两粒子的电荷量绝对值相等,则下列判断正确的是( )A.A点的电势比C点的电势低B.粒子甲带正电C.粒子乙带负电D.粒子乙从B点到D点过程中,电场力做正功第(2)题如图所示,a、b、c为等边三角形的三个顶点,在b、c两处有垂直于三角形所在平面的无限长通电直导线,电流方向均垂直纸面向里、大小均为I,b处的导线在a处产生的磁感应强度大小为B,方向如图所示。

已知无限长通电直导线在真空中某点产生的磁感应强度大小为其中k为常量,I为通电直导线中的电流,r为该点到导线的距离。

则a处的磁感应强度大小为( )A .B B.BC .B D.B第(3)题如图所示,半径为1m的四分之三光滑圆轨道竖直固定在水平地面上,B点为轨道最低点,A点与圆心O等高。

质量为1kg的小球(可视为质点)在A点正上方0.75m处静止释放,下落至A点时进入圆轨道,重力加速度g取,不计空气阻力,则()A.小球在B点的动能为7.5J B.小球在A点受到轨道的弹力大小为10NC.小球上升过程中距地面的最大高度为1.75m D.小球离开轨道后将落至轨道B点第(4)题如图所示,质量为m的圆环A,跨过定滑轮的细绳一端系在圆环A上,另一端系一物块B。

细绳对圆环A的拉力方向水平向左。

设最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力,圆环A与固定直杆间动摩擦因数,直杆倾角,,要保证A不向上滑动,所悬挂的物块B质量不能超过()A.2m B.C.D.第(5)题如图所示,图甲用于研究光电效应的实验装置,图乙是氢原子的能级结构。

实验发现直接跃迁到时发出的光照射图实验装置的阴极时,发现电流表示数不为零,慢慢移动滑动变阻器触点c,发现电压表读数等于0.8V时,电流表读数恰好为零,电子的电荷量为e,下列说法正确的是()A.跃迁到的光电子最大初动能为2.55eVB.滑动变阻器触点c向b侧缓慢移动,电流表读数逐渐减小为零C.其他条件不变,一群氢原子处于能级跃迁发出的光,总共有3种光可以发生光电效应D.用不同频率的光子照射该实验装置,记录电流表恰好读数为零的电压表读数,根据以上频率和电压可以精确测量普朗克常数第(6)题如图所示,、、、为四个质量均为的带电小球,恰好构成“三星拱月”之形。

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重庆一中初2012级初三第二次定时作业数 学 试 卷抛物线)0(2≠++=a c bx ax y 的顶点坐标为)44,2(2ab ac a b -- 一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题4分,共40分)在每个小题的下面,都给出了代号为A 、B 、C 、D 的四个答案,其中只有一个是正确的,请将正确答案的代号填在答题卷中相应的位置上.1.在-1,0,1,2这四个数中,最小的数是 A. -1 B.0 C. 1 D.22.计算23()a b 的结果是A. 33a b B. 63a b C. 36a b D. 66a b3.下面图形中,是轴对称图形的是A.调查渝北区小学生每天所完成家庭作业的时间;B.调查市面上一次性筷子的卫生情况;C.调查我校初三某班同学的暑假旅行计划;D.调查2012年5月份市场上某品牌饮料的质量;6.如图:⊙O 为△ABC 的外接圆,∠50ABC =,则∠AOC 的度数为 A. 130° B. 100° C. 40° D. 50°7.若一个代数式与代数式223ab ab +的和为242ab ab +-,那么,这个代数式是 A.2372ab ab +- B . 22ab ab -+- C . 22ab ab -+ D .22ab ab +-8.某人骑车沿直线旅行,先前进了a 千米,休息了一段时间,又原路原速返回了b 千米(b a <),再掉头沿原方向加速行驶,则此人离起点的距离s 与时间t 的函数关系的 大致图象是l 1 l 2A OA B C 第6题图9.下列图案是由同样大小的小正方形按一定的规律拼接而成.其中第一个图案有1个小正方形,第二个图案有5个小正方形,第三个图案有13个小正方形,依此规律,第7个图案中小正方形的个数为A.85B. 121C. 96D. 4910.已知:抛物线2y ax bx c=++(a≠0)在平面直角坐标系的位置如图所示,则下列结论中正确的是A. 0abc>B. 40a b-=C. 930a b c++<D. 50a c+>二、填空题(本大题6个小题,每小题4分,共24分)在每小题中,请将答案填在答题卷相应位置的横线上.11.2011年我市积极引进海外投资,到今年五月初,引入的总投资已达到3120000万元,则数据3120000用科学记数法表示为.12.如图,在△ABC中,EF//BC,EF分别交边AB AC、于E F、两点,若AE=2,BE=4,则△AEF与△ABC的面积比为___________.13.在今年的中考体育中,我校初三某班7位同学一分钟跳绳的个数分别是:191,185,197,184,188,191,187,则这组数据的中位数是________________.14.若扇形的面积为10π,半径为6,则该扇形的圆心角度数为______________.15.现有五张分别标有数字:1,0,2,3,4-的不透明卡片,它们除数字不同外其余全部相同,现将它们背面朝上,洗匀后从中任抽一张,将该卡片上的数字记为点C的横坐标a,不.放回..,再抽取一张,将该卡片上的数字记为点C的纵坐标b,则点C落在平面直角坐标系的四个象限内,且与点1,4A()、B(-2,4)构成三角形的概率是______________.16.甲乙两人骑摩托车同时从A地出发前往B地,且两人到达B地后各自按原速度返回,且不停地在AB之间往返行驶,甲的速度为32/km h,乙的速度为18/km h,当乙车由A 至B多次后,甲车两次追上乙车,且第二次追上乙时是在乙车从B地向A地行驶的途中,且他们此时距B地的距离为10km,则AB两地相距__________km.三、解答题(本大题4个小题,每小题6分,共24分)解答时每小题必须给出必要的演算过程或推理步骤.17.计算:2301()(1)1)-22----++.AB CE F第12题图…………第4个第3个第2个第1个18. 解分式方程:4112242x x x--=--.19. 如图,在△ABC 和△DEF 中,AB DE =,∠ACB =∠EFD ,点,,,B C F E 在同一条直线上,且//AB DE .求证:BF CE =.20.已知在△ABC 中,∠B =30°,tan 2C =,2AB =,求△ABC 的周长.(结果保留根号)四、解答题 (本大题4个小题,每小题10分,共40分)解答时每小题必须给出必要的演算过程或推理步骤.21. 先化简,再求值:222911()6933x x x x x x --÷-+--,其中x 是不等式组()-10,221x x x>⎧⎪⎨--≥-⎪⎩ 的整数解.22. 如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A 是反比例函数1ky x=(0)k ≠图象上一点,AB ⊥x 轴于B 点,一次函数2y ax b =+(0)a ≠的图象交y 轴于(0,2)D -,交x 轴于C 点,并与反比例函数的图象交于,A E 两点,连接,OA 若△AOD 的面积为4,且1t an 2AOB ∠=.(1) 分别求出该反比例函数和一次函数的解析式;(2) 求△ABC 的面积.第19题图 AB C F E A B C第20题图第二周第一周 NMPDCBA23. 为配合学校开展的“书香校园读书日”活动,我校初二某班的社会实践活动小组就该班同学近五周的读书情况进行了调查,将当周每日都坚持课外阅读的同学评为“读书之星”并将“读书之星”的人数与周次制成了如下不完整的折线统计图:(1)已知这五周“读书之星”人数的众数为8人,求该班这五周“读书之星”人数的平均数;(2)将折线统计图补充完整;(3)若第五周的“读书之星”同学中,同学A 和B 一直坚持得比较好,现在该社会实践活动小组将从第五周的“读书之星”中,随机抽出两位同学谈谈他们的收获,请你用列表或画树状图的方法,求出所选两位同学恰好是同学A 和B 的概率.24. 已知:如图,在矩形ABCD 中,AC 是对角线.点P 为矩形外一点且满足AP PC =,AP PC ⊥.PC 交AD于点N ,连接DP ,过点P 作PM PD ⊥交AD 于M .(1):若13AP AB BC ==,求矩形ABCD 的面积;(2):若CD PM =,求证:AC AP PN =+.五、解答题:(本大题2个小题,第25小题10分,第26小题12分,共22分)解答时每小题必须给出必要的演算过程或推理步骤,请将解答书写在答题卡中对应的位置上. 25.北京红螺食品公司生产的各种果脯一直受到大众的喜爱,尤其是该公司生产的桃脯特别香甜可口.但由于该公司某经销点存货有限,在2011年1到5月该经销点每月桃脯的销量1y (千克)与月份x 15,x x ≤≤(为整数)的关系如下表所示:6月份由于鲜桃的大量上市,红螺公司进行大量采购与加工,所以在6到12月该经销点每月桃脯的销量2y (千克)与月份x 12,x x ≤≤(6为整数)的函数关系为:23030y x =-; 已知在1到5月该经销点每千克桃脯的价格1p (元)与月份x 5,x x ≤≤(1为整数)的函数关系为:21530p x x =-+;而在6到12月每千克桃脯的价格2p (元)与月份x12,x x ≤≤(6为整数)的关系满足如下函数图像; (1) 请观察图中的表格,用所学过的一次函数、反比例函数、二次函数的有关知识直接写出1y 与x 的函数关系式,根据如图所示的变换趋势,直接写出2p 与x 之间满足的一次函数关系式,并注明x 的取值范围;(2) 试求出该经销点在哪个月桃脯的销售额最大,最大为多少元;(3) 为满足市场所需,红螺公司决定在2012年将此种桃脯作为海外出口的首推品,所以在今年1到4月该经销点在去年获得最大销售额的基础上,每月的总销量都上涨了15%a ,且其中的13是用于出口,剩余部分由经销点国内销售,每月出口桃脯的售价每千克降低了0.8%a ,而国内销售的桃脯价格每千克上涨了0.1%a ,这样该经销点1到4月销售桃脯的总额为142560元,试求出a 的值.(参考数据:2321024=, 2331089=, 2341156=, 2351225=)25题图2p (元)26.如图1,梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC,AB CD ==3AD =,30B ∠=︒.动点E 从点B 出发,以每秒1个单位长度的速度在线段BC 上运动;动点F 同时从点B 出 发,以每秒2个单位长度的速度在线段BC 上运动.以EF 为边作等边△EFG ,与梯 形ABCD 在线段BC 的同侧.设点E 、F 运动时间为t ,当点F 到达C 点时,运动结束.(1)当等边△EFG 的边EG 恰好经过点A 时,求运动时间t 的值;(2)在整个运动过程中,设等边△EFG 与梯形ABCD 的重合部分面积为S ,请直接写出S 与t 之间的函数关系式和相应的自变量t 的取值范围;(3)如图2,当点F 到达C 点时,将等边△EFG 绕点E 旋转α︒(0360α<<),直线EF 分别与直线CD 、直线AD 交于点M 、N .是否存在这样的α,使△DMN为等腰三角形?若存在,请求出此时线段DM 的长度;若不存在,请说明理由.图1EFGDA C图2CA BD备用图GFEDBA。

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