上海市2014普陀高三二模
上海市普陀区2014届高三4月教学质量调研(二模)化学试题
上海市普陀区2014届高三4月教学质量调研（二模）化学试题2014.4考生注意：1、本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答案必须涂或写在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Cl－35.5 S—32 Mg—24 Al—27 Fe—56 Cu—64一、选择题（本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1、今年全国两会普及使用了“石头纸”，这是以碳酸钙为主料（内层）、聚乙烯等高分子材料为辅料（双外层）制成的。
有关“石头纸”的说法错误的是A．不易燃烧B．有利于保护森林C．防油不防水D．不易降解2、右图是印在食品包装内常见小袋子上的部分图案，该小袋子内的物质最有可能是A．铁粉B．氧化钠C．亚硫酸钠D．生石灰3、化学模型可以将微观分子宏观化，直观表现分子的结构特点。
下图为某烃分子的一种模型，有关说法正确的是A．它是乙烯的球棍模型B．它是只有一种键角的非极性分子C．它的电子式为：D．半径较大原子核外电子排布的轨道表示式为：4、物质变化过程中常常伴随着能量的变化。
下列过程中一定向外释放能量的是A．石油裂化B．氢气与碘蒸气化合C．铵盐溶于水D．形成碳氢键5、以下事实中能证明某无色透明液体是纯水的是A ．在1.01×105Pa 时测得该液体的沸点是100℃B ．常温常压下，测得该液体的pH=7C ．电解该液体时得到H 2和O 2的体积比为2:1（相同条件）D ．一小块金属钠能浮于该液面，迅速游动，产生气体，发出嘶嘶声二、选择题（本题共36分，每小题3分，每题只有一个正确选项）6、实验中一定不需要“沸石”的是A ．制取蒸馏水B ．分馏石油C ．制取乙烯D ．制取溴乙烷 7、给定条件下，两瓶气体所含原子数一定不相等．．．的是 A ．同体积同密度的C 3H 6和C 4H 8 B ．同温度同体积的O 2和N 2 C ．同质量不同密度的CO 和C 2H 4 D ．同压强同体积的N 2O 和CO 2 8、将足量NO 2通入下列各溶液中，所含离子还能大量共存的是 A ．Fe 2+、Clˉ、SO 42ˉ、Na + B ．NH 4+、Al 3+、NO 3ˉ、Cl ˉ C ．Ca 2+、K +、Clˉ、HCO 3ˉ D ．K +、Na +、SO 32ˉ、SO 42－9、固体A 的试剂瓶签已部分被腐蚀（如右图所示）。
上海市普陀区2014-2015学年度高三第二学期质量调研英语试卷
普陀区2015高三二模英语考试卷（考试时间 120分钟试卷满分 150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. At the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.2. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.3. A. She expected more people at the party. B. She enjoys entertaining small children.C. She has always enjoyed great popularity.D. She threw a surprise party for her friend.4. A. It is 4:10 now. B. It is 4:20 now. C. It is 4:50 now. D. It is 4:40 now.5. A. Mark was too busy to call the man.B. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.C. The woman had forgotten Mark‟s phone number.D. Mark and the woman hadn‟t been in touch for long.6. A. The library is closed on weekends. B. He was not allowed to check out the book.C. He had no idea where the book was.D. He didn‟t get the book he needed.7. A. The houses for sale are at high price.B. The man is unwilling to look at the houses on sale.C. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.D. The housing sellers provide free trips for potential buyers.8. A. The man no longer smokes.B. The man is under pressure from his wife.C. The man usually follows his wife‟s advice.D. The man refuses to listen to his doctor‟s advice.9. A. The man made a mistake about the date of the appointment.B. The man wants to change the date of the appointment.C. The man is glad he‟s got in touch with the doctor.D. The man can‟t come for the appointment at 4:15.10. A. The man is worried about his future.B. The two speakers are at a loss what to do now.C. The two speakers will graduate from the college.D. The woman regrets spending her time doing nothing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A professional diver. B. A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge.C. A telephone operator.D. A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge.12. A. Someone has fallen off the bridge.B. Someone on the bridge is being attacked.C. Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.D. Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself.13. A. Call the mother to come right away.B. Try to communicate with them first.C. Help them to get out of their misery.D. Remind them that they have children to take care of.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The standards for being fit vary from person to person.B. A healthy lifestyle is a must for being fit.C. We may not know how fit we are without tests.D. Personal goals are more important than needs to decide whether one is fit.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)____ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26)____ (form) his own company, makingNIKE athletic shoes.Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn‟t there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Ch ildren aren‟t afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked “silly” question!(B)A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy,(34)____ ____ they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people wh o have a happy life to find out how they do it. “I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,” says Csikszentmihalyi. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people don’t waste time, either at work or when they’re free. “Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)____ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without (38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. The professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls “flow”. When people get very involved in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging, they experience “flow”, a situation (40)____ they don‟t notice time passing.People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constantly get into “flow”states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. caseB. experienceC. growingD. dominantE. exclusionF. varietyG. decliningH. remainI. problematicJ. contributionK. shareThe world faces a future of people speaking more than one language, with English no longer seen as likely to become __41__, a British language expert says in a new analysis. “English is likely to __42__ one of the world‟s most important languages for the foreseeable future, but its future is more __43__ and complex—than most people appreciate,” language researcher David Graddol said. He sees English as likely to become the “first among equals” rather than having the global field to itself. “Speakers, who only use English, of any __44__ of English—American or British—will __45__ increasing difficulty in employment and political life, and are likely to become confused by many aspects of the society and culture around them,” Graddol said.The __46__ of the world‟s population that speaks English as a nati ve language is decreasing, Graddol reported in an issue of the journal Science. The idea of English becoming the world language to the __47__ of others “is past its sell-by date,” Graddol said. Instead, he said, its major __48__ will be in creating generations who use more than one language.A multilingual(使用多种语言的) population is the __49__ in much of the world and is becoming more common in the United States. Indeed, the Census Bureau reported last year that nearly one American in five speaks a language other than English at home, with Spanish leading, and Chinese __50__ rapidly. The diversity of language, in turn, has helped to make English the nation‟s official language.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.GM (转基因)crops are debatable. On one hand, some farmers and scientists feel that GM crops can make the world a __51__ place. If bioengineers can create crops that are resistant to insects, __52__, then they won‟t have to worry about insects destroying plants. In the __53__ of insect damage, crops can grow to feed the poor and hungry. Genetic engineering can create plants with other desirable properties as well. Plants that don‟t require much water, that can live even in times of drought, can help prevent the widespread __54__ that would occur if people have nothing to eat. It‟s easy to see why many people believe that GM crops will help the world meet the difficult __55__ that it will face as more and more people need to be fed.But not everyone thinks bioengineering is a good idea. Other people are __56__. They mistrust the claims made and don‟t believe that biotechnology is without __57__. The possible dangers include harming the ecosystem—the inter-related community of plants and animals and bacteria that __58__ the Earth. They __59__ that changing plants can harm our environment, anddamage to our surroundings can hurt us. One danger is that GM crops can transfer their characteristics to other plants. Plants that reproduce by spreading their pollen (花粉) in the wind can possibly fertilize wild plants, making them more __60__ to control. Another problem is that GM plants might be a source of allergens(过敏源). This seems __61__, but in the process of making GM foods, genes are transferred that are known to cause problems for some people. Allergic reactions can __62__ from coughing and sneezing to death.Indeed, people hold very different opinions about __63__. While some people look forward to crops that will not rot during the trip to market, others claim that we will ruin our cropland and destroy what we are trying to save. While some people look forward to crops that can __64__ droughts, others claim that contact with GM plants can pollute other crops, making them __65__ for use. For some people, GM crops are the hope of the future; for others, they are a poison that will harm or destroy our farmland.51. A. worse B. better C. less healthy D. more peaceful52. A. in no way B. by all means C. for example D. by contrast53. A. absence B. appearance C. case D. effect54. A. war B. poverty C. starvation D. robbery55. A. challenge B. specification C. standard D. principle56. A. knowledgeable B. supportive C. ignorant D. suspicious57. A. control B. risks C. criteria D. doubts58. A. turn up B. make up C. give up D. take up59. A. ensure B. worry C. deny D. demand60. A. temperate B. difficult C. efficient D. enjoyable61. A. inevitable B. inaccessible C. unavoidable D. unlikely62. A. suffer B. arise C. start D. range63. A. bioengineering B. allergens C. drought D. future64. A. cause B. reduce C. stand D. change65. A. efficient B. expensive C. unfit D. possibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You carry a 1.3 kg mass of fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do. This fantastic control center lets you think, learn, create, and feel emotions. It also controls everything your body does. What is this amazing machine? It‟s your brain—a structure so amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it “the most complex thing we have yet discovered in our universe.”Imagine your kitten jumped onto the kitchen counter, and was about to step onto a hot stove. You would have only seconds to act. In situations like this, your brain reads the signals from youreyes and quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you need to run to save her. Then it tells your muscles to move. No computer can match your brain’s great ability to download, process, and react to the flood of information from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.If a bee lands on your foot, sensory neurons(神经元) in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses motor neurons to send a message back to your foot: Shake the bee off quickly! Motor neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!Your brain contains about 100 billion tiny cells: neurons—it would take you more than 3,000 years if you tried to count them all. Whenever you dream, laugh, think, see or move, tiny chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron pathways. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Countless messages fly around inside it every second, like a super-fast game of table tennis. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the entire world. And although a single neuron generates only a tiny amount of electricity, all your neurons together can generate enough electricity to power a light bulb.66. By “the most complex thing”, James Watson means ______.A. a supercomputerB. the universeC. human brainsD. our emotions67. Which of the following statements is true according to the 2nd and 3rd paragraph?A. Brains can download more information than any computer.B. The kitten plays an important role in testing human brain power.C. Motor neurons in human brains serve to send countless messages.D. Your brains can use neuron s to send messages back faster than bees‟.68. The author mentions “to power light bulbs” (Para. 4) to show ______.A. neurons can send lots of messagesB. how many active tiny cells brains containC. how much electricity brains can generateD. there is countless information in the brain69. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Powerful brain is a wonderful machine.B. Brains work well in controlling body movements.C. Brain is the most complex structure in the universe.D. Human brains are composed of numerous neurons.(B)Read the following car rental agreement of Avis and answer the questions.Kindly indicate your return km reading, fuel gauge(计量器) reading, date and time, and return this envelope, with your keys, to the rental counter.Safe Driving in South AfricaDRIVER’S LICENCEWhen driving, you must be in possession of your driver’s licence at all times.SEAT BELTSThe law requires that you wear seat belts at all times.DRIVINGIn South Africa, driving is on the left-hand side of the road.SPEED LIMITSGenerally 60 km/hr in built-up areas, 100 km/hr in rural areas and 120 km/hr on highways. PETROLPetrol is available 24 hours per day. Unleaded (无铅) petrol should be used in Avis cars. Credit cards are not accepted for the payment of petrol.SAFETYFor your own safety, keep your doors locked while driving.LOCK UPShut windows and lock all doors and the boot when leaving the vehicle unattended.V ALUABLESDo not leave personal belongings such as cell phones and valuables in your vehicle. They are not covered by our insurance.TYRESAvis undertakes that on delivery of the vehicle to the driver, the condition of the tyres will be agreeable to the laws and the tyre pressure in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer‟s specifications(说明书) for “normal use”.It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure that both the condition and inflation(膨胀) of the tyres are appropriate throughout the course of the rental.It is the responsibility of the driver to inspect the condition of the tyres at the beginning of the rental and to make adjustments to the tyre pressure to take into account such factors as the numberof passengers, mass of luggage, environment temperatures, speed and road condition.ROAD MAPSMaps of Southern Africa, including city and regional maps, can be found in a copy of the Avis Inbound magazine, in each vehicle or at the Avis Customer Service Center. More extensive area maps are obtainable from the Automobile Association (AA) and South African Tourism.70. The passage is intended for ______.A. car rentersB. traffic policeC. insurance sellersD. automobile mechanics71. The driver should _________ according to the rules about tyres.A. make the tyre condition agreeable to the lawsB. adjust tyre pressure with many factors consideredC. work out the vehicle manufacturer‟s specificationsD. be responsible for driving safety and road condition72. What information hasn‟t been mentioned in the leaflet?A. The speed limit in different areas.B. The requests of giving cars back to Avis.C. The ways to keep personal possessions safe.D. The instructions to fix flat tyres on the road.(C)Today’s workplace is unique in history. Never before have we seen people working together who represent such different backgrounds and experiences. This difference of age, race, gender, and work style makes it very difficult to organize and run a company.As a result, companies are looking for individuals who can manage a wide range of employees effectively. Increasingly, managers are discovering that age differences among workers are a major cause of concern.This has been an important realization. The management difficulties and challenges have led some experts to study intergenerational differences for an understanding of problems in the workplace. What they have discovered is interesting and may provide ways of improving working conditions in companies that employ individuals from different generations.The first thing to realize, they say, is that differences of opinion about the importance of work and how to get work done are not a coincidence. That is, it is not an accident that young employees will be different from older employees. In fact, if employers do not pay attention to these differences, it is possible that anger will build up between people and lead to difficulties in the company.Resentment (仇恨) between members of different generations, if not attended to, can lead to extreme anger and unhappiness and even lasting enmity if people are not careful. That individuals from different generations should come to view each other as if they were from different sides of warring countries should not be surprising.It is natural for individuals from the same generation to form alliances(联盟), to come together for protection. Different generations represent different experiences in life, and these lead naturally to different opinions about oneself and one’s approaches to work.If you were raised in a time of plenty, when products were readily available and relatively inexpensive, you would believe that prosperity is natural and expectable. If, on the other hand, you were raised in a time of scarcity, you would always be careful not to waste things for fear you would not have enough. You would make angry people who seem to believe that problems will always solve themselves. Such optimism in the face of difficulties would be a source of unhappiness between you and them. It is difficult, in such circumstances, to achieve a happy, agreeable atmosphere in the workplace.73. What most possibly makes it difficult to organize or run a company?A. Employees are in different generations.B. Employees are of different backgrounds.C. Employees work in different styles.D. Employees are in different races.74. Employers should pay attention to ______ if they want to avoid anger between employees.A. the different understanding of problems in the workplaceB. the different views on value of work and working methodsC. the different generations of employees in the workplaceD. the different ways of expressing anger in the company75. The word “enmity” is closet in meaning to ______.A. hatredB. sorrowsC. ignoranceD. forgiveness76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Employees in some companies regard each other as mere enemies.B. Employees‟ attitudes towards life are related to the time when they grow up.C. Employees who are raised in a time of scarcity tend to be angry with others.D. Achieving a harmonious atmosphere in the workplace is the main task for employers.77. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?A. Employees should be cooperative and friendly with each other.B. It is difficult for employers to have workers work in a friendly way.C. The weakness of human nature causes the anger between employees.D. The generational differences cause the disharmony among employees.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Dolphins have been declared the world’s second most intelligent creatures after humans, with scientists suggesting they are so bright that they should be treated as “non-human persons”.Studies into dolphin behavior have highlighted how similar their communications are to those of humans and that they are brighter than chimpanzees. These have been backed up by anatomical (解剖学) research showing that dolphin brains have many key features associated with highintelligence. Recently, a series of behavioral studies has suggested that dolphins, especially species such as the bottlenose, whose brains weigh about 5lb, could even be brighter than chimps, which some studies have found can reach the intelligence levels of three-year-old children. The studies show how dolphins have distinct personalities, a strong sense of self and can think about the future.It has also become clear that dolphins are “culture”animals, meaning that new types of behavior can quickly be picked up by one dolphin from another. In one study, Diana Reiss, professor of psychology at Hunter College, City University of New York, showed that bottlenose dolphins could recognize themselves in a mirror and use it to inspect various parts of their bodies, an ability that had been thought limited to humans and great apes. In another, she found that they also had the ability to learn an elementary symbol-based language.Other research has shown dolphins can solve difficult problems, while those living in the wild cooperate in ways that imply complex social structures and a high level of emotions. In one recent case, a dolphin rescued from the wild was taught to tail-walk for three weeks in a dolphinarium (海豚宫) in Australia. After she was released, scientists were astonished to see the trick spreading among wild dolphins who had learnt it from the former captive(被俘的). Such observations have prompted questions about the brain structures of dolphins.Researchers have found that brain size varies hugely from around 7oz for the small species to more than 19lb for the sperm whales, whose brains are the largest on the planet. Human brains, by contrast, range from 21lb-4lb. When it comes to intelligence, however, brain size is less important than its size relative to the body.oz: an ounce in weight (1oz=28g)lb: a pound in weight (1lb=454g=16oz)(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than twelve words.)78. The which in the 2nd paragraph refers to _________.79. What do bottlenose dolphins do to make Diana Reiss believe they are “culture” animals?80. The spreading of tail-walk shows wild dolphins have _________.81. What is the main factor that decides the level of intelligence according to the last paragraph?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、学校里约半数的学生热衷于玩手机游戏。
2014上海普陀区高考政治二模试题(附答案)_2014043074446966_449
普陀区2014学年第二学期高三质量调研政治（加试）试卷考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，错位答题或修改答题纸题号不得分。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每小题3分。
每题只能选一个选项。
）1、公安部提出一系列措施，进一步简化办事程序，方便群众办证、办户口。
下列做法与材料体现的政府职能一致的是（）A．全国法院建立“失信者黑名单”制度，向社会公布失信被执行人名单B．中国人民银行授权中国外汇交易中心公布汇率中间价C．国家工商总局决定组织开展专项整治“霸王条款”活动D．国家气象局通过建立“农网”，为农民免费提供气象信息咨询服务2、国务院召开常务会议，讨论建立健全社会救助制度，推进以法治方式织牢保障困难群众基本生活的安全网，保障他们的基本生存权利和人格尊严，让人民群众消除后顾之忧，安心创业就业。
这表明（）A．有法可依是加强社会主义法制的中心环节B．我国公民的民主权利具有切实的物质保障C．尊重和保障人权是实现社会主义现代化的政治保证D．维护社会公平正义是坚持人民民主专政在新时期的新要求3、《人民日报》评论员文章指出：“人民当家作主，还需有效的监督制度来保证。
而强化人民对国家机关包括司法机关的监督，离开了人大监督权的健全与完善，就是一句空话。
”对上述材料概括最准确的是（）A．人民是社会主义国家的主人B．人民当家作主的权利受到国家法律的保障C．人大的监督是代表人民行使当家作主权利的突出表现D．人大代表有权对国家机关人员的一切活动实行监督4、为了进一步激发市场和社会的创造活力，发挥好地方政府贴近基层的优势，促进和保障政府管理由事前审批更多地转为事中、事后监管，国务院对有关行政法规进行了清理。
2014学年度第二学期普陀区高三质量调研考试地理试卷
2014学年度第二学期普陀区高三质量调研考试地理试卷本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
全卷包括两大题，第一大题为选择题，第二大题为综合分析题，包括共同部分和选择部分。
考生注意：1．答卷前，务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、考号等。
2．答案必须全部涂或写在答题纸上。
所有考生应完成第一大题和第二大题的共同部分，第二大题选择部分分为A、B两组，两组试题分值相同，A组对应于考试手册中“任选模块一”，B组对应于“任选模块二”，考生任选一组答题。
一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）（一）“APEC蓝”是2014年11月APEC峰会期间人们津津乐道的话题,下列为会议期间北京天气资料(表1)以及四地气压随时间变化曲线图。
1．11日～12日北京霾消散，天空显现“APEC蓝”，从气象角度考虑，最可能的原因是A．大气降水沉降 B．气流上升扩散C．气流下沉辐散 D．风力加大吹散2．上图所示①、②、③、④曲线中，反映北京10～13日气压变化的是A．①曲线 B．②曲线 C．③曲线 D．④曲线（二）中华民族的母亲河——黄河流经我国多个地域文化区（如下图）。
3．下列属于黄河上游流经地区的地域文化特色是①摆龙门阵②秦腔③京剧④喇嘛寺⑤蒙古包A．②③④ B．①④⑤ C．①②③ D．②④⑤4．下列表示图中所示④文化区特色文化及其相关自然条件的是A．窑洞——黄土广布 B．掉袖藏袍——气温变化大C．面食为主——盛产小麦 D．那达慕——草原牧区（三）农家乐是新兴旅游休闲形式，表现为城市居民走进农村，“吃农家饭，住农家屋，干农家活，享农家乐”。
下表为百度地图搜索到的江苏“农家乐”数量。
5．苏南农家乐的数量有别于苏北的主要原因是A．苏南农家乐规模大 B．苏南人口密度大C．苏南社会经济发展水平高 D．苏南土地资源有限6．关于农家乐对当地社会经济发展的影响，叙述正确的是A．促进农村的产业分工与合作 B．有利于保护农村原生态环境C．不利于农村劳动力转移 D．有利于提高城市化水平（四）下列为甲、乙、丙、丁四个国家玉米主产区的位置示意图。
【2014普陀二模】上海市普陀区2014届高三4月教学质量调研(二模)数学(文)试卷
上海市普陀区2014届高三4月教学质量调研（二模）数学文试题考生注意： 2014.41.答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将姓名、考试号填写清楚，并在规定的区域贴上条形码.2.本试卷共有23道题，满分150分.考试时间120分钟.3.本试卷另附答题纸，每道题的解答必须写在答题纸的相应位置，本卷上任何解答都．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．不作评分依据．．．．．．. 一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14小题，要求直接将结果填写在答题纸对应的空格中.每个空格填对得4分，填错或不填在正确的位置一律得零分. 1．若复数ii i z 1=（i 是虚数单位），则=z . 2．若集合}40,tan |{π≤<==x x y y A ，}02|{2<--=x x x B ，则=B A .3．【文科】直线01:1=+x l 与03:2=+y x l 的夹角的大小为 .4．【文科】若函数)(x f y =（R x ∈）满足条件：)()2(x f x f =+，且1)1(=f ，则=)101(f .5．【文科】若31cos =α（πα<<0），则=α2sin . 6．【文科】若集合D }1|1||{≤-=x x ，则函数11)(+=x x f （D x ∈）的值域为 .7．【文科】若函数)sin()(ϕ+=x x f （πϕ<<0）是偶函数，则函数)(x f 的单调递减区间为 .8．【文科】一个正方体内接于球，若球的体积为34π，则正方体的棱长为 . 9、【文科】若实数x 、y 满足条件：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥≤-+≤--0033032y y x y x ，则y x +的最大值为 .10．【文科】袋中有形状、大小完全相同的10个红球、20个白球，从中随机取出5个，则红球恰好为4个的概率为 （结果精确到01.0）.11．某质量监测中心在一届学生中随机抽取39人，对本届学生成绩进行抽样分析.统计分析的一部分结果，见下表:根据上述表中的数据，可得本届学生方差的估计值为 (结果精确到1.0).12．如图所示，在一个)12()12(-⨯-n n (N n ∈且2≥n )的正方形网格内涂色,要求两条对角线的网格涂黑色，其余网格涂白色.若用)(n f 表示涂白色网格的个数与涂黑色网格的个数的比值，则)(n f 的最小值为 .13．若ij a 表示n n ⨯阶矩阵⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛nn a25191410181396128537421中第i 行、第j 列的元素（i 、n j ,,3,2,1 =）， 【文科】其中321=ij a ，则=+j i . 14．【文科】若函数x x a x f +-=)(（a 为常数），对于定义域内的任意两个实数1x 、2x ，恒有1|)()(|21<-x fx f 成立，用)(a S 表示满足条件的所有正整数a 的和，则)(a S = .二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把正确结论的代号写在答题纸相应的空格中. 每题选对得5分，不选、选错或选出的代号超过一个（不论是否都写在空格内），或者没有填写在题号对应的空格内，一律得零分. 15. 下列命题中，是假命题．．．的为…………………………………………………………………………（ ）)(A 平行于同一直线的两个平面平行. )(B 平行于同一平面的两个平面平行. )(C 垂直于同一平面的两条直线平行. )(D 垂直于同一直线的两个平面平行.第11题图16.【文科】已知曲线1C :1322=+y x 和2C :122=-y x 的焦点分别为1F 、2F ，点M 是1C 和2C 的一个交点，则△21F MF 的形状是…………………………………………………………………………………（ ）)(A 锐角三角形. )(B 直角三角形. )(C 钝角三角形. )(D 不能确定.17. 若函数a x x x f -+=2)(，则使得“函数)(x f y =在区间)1,1(-内有零点”成立的一个必要非充分条件是…………………………………………………………………………………………………………（ ）)(A 241≤≤-a . )(B 241<≤-a . )(C 20<<a . )(D 041<<-a . 18. 对于向量i PA （n i ,2,1=），把能够使得||||||21n PA PA PA +++ 取到最小值的点P 称为i A （n i ,2,1=）的“平衡点”. 如图，矩形ABCD 的两条对角线相交于点O ,延长BC 至E ,使得CE BC =，联结AE ,分别交BD 、CD 于F 、G 两点.下列结论中，正确的是……………………………………（ ）)(A A 、C 的“平衡点”必为O . )(B D 、C 、E 的“平衡点”为D 、E 的中点.)(C A 、F 、G 、E 的“平衡点”存在且唯一. )(D A 、B 、E 、D 的“平衡点”必为F .三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸规定的方框内写出必要的步骤. 19、 (本题满分12分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分．如图，在xoy 平面上，点)0,1(A ，点B 在单位圆上，θ=∠AOB （πθ<<0） （1）【文科】若点)54,53(-B ，求)42tan(πθ+的值；（2）若OC OB OA =+，四边形OACB 的面积用θS 表示，求OC OA S ⋅+θ的取值范围.20、(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．如图，已知AB 是圆柱1OO 底面圆O 的直径，底面半径1=R ，圆柱的表面积为π8；点C 在底面圆O 上，且直线C A 1与下底面所成的角的大小为︒60. （1）【文科】求三棱锥CB A A 1-的体积；（2）【文科】求异面直线B A 1与OC 所成的角的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示）.21、(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．已知函数12)(-=xx f 的反函数为)(1x f y -=，记)1()(1-=-x fx g .（1）求函数)()(21x g x fy -=-的最小值；（2）【文科】集合}2|)(|)](1[|{≥⋅+=x f x f x A ，对于任意的A x ∈，不等式0)()(21≥-+-x g m x f恒成立，求实数m 的取值范围.22、（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题6分，第（3）小题6分．已知曲线Γ:x y 42=，直线l 经过点)2,0(且其一个方向向量为),1(k d =. （1） 若曲线Γ的焦点F 在直线l 上，求实数k 的值；第20题图（2） 当1-=k 时，直线l 与曲线Γ相交于A 、B 两点，求||AB 的值；（3） 当k （0>k ）变化且直线l 与曲线Γ有公共点时，是否存在这样的实数a ,使得点)0,(a P 关于直线l 的对称点),(00y x Q 落在曲线Γ的准线上. 若存在,求出a 的值；若不存在，请说明理由.23、（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题6分，第（3）小题8分.用记号∑=ni ia表示n a a a a a +++++ 3210，∑==ni in ab 02，其中N i ∈，*N n ∈.（1）设n n n n nk kx a x a x a x a a x 221212221021)1(+++++=+--=∑ （R x ∈），求2b 的值； （2）若0a ，1a ，2a ，…，n a 成等差数列，求证：()∑==ni iniC a 0102)(-⋅+n n a a；（3）【文科】在条件（1）下，记∑=-+=ni i ni in C b d 1])1[(1，计算nnn b d ∞→lim的值.第22题图数学文答案一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14小题，要求直接将结果填写在答题纸对应的空格中.每个空格填对得4分，填错或不填在正确的位置一律得零分. 1.i +-1； 2.]1,0(； 3.【文科】6π； 4.【文科】1； 5.【文科】924； 6.【文科】]1,31[； 7. 【文科】]2,2[πππ+k k ，z k ∈；8.【文科】332； 9.【文科】715； 10.【文科】03.0； 11.【文科】56； 12.【文科】54； 13. 1222+-n n ； 14、5二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把正确结论的代号写在答题纸相应的空格中. 每题选对得5分，不选、选错或选出的代号超过一个（不论是否都写在空格内），或者没有填写在题号对应的空格内，一律得零分.三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤. 19、 (本题满分12分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分． 【解】（1）【文科】由于)54,53(-B ，θ=∠AOB ，所以34tan -=θ 724916138tan 1tan 22tan 2=--=-=θθθ 于是)42tan(πθ+1731724172412tan 12tan 1-=-+=-+=θθ （2）θS θθsin sin 11=⨯⨯=由于)0,1(=OA ,)sin ,(cos θθ=OB ……7分，所以)sin ,cos1(θθ+=+=OB OA OCθθθcos 1sin 0)cos 1(1+=⨯++⨯=⋅OA …………9分OC OA S ⋅+θ1)4sin(21cos sin ++=++=πθθθ（πθ<<0）由于4544ππθπ<+<，所以1)4sin(22≤+<-πθ，所以120+≤⋅+<OC OA S θ20、(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．【解】【文科】（1）设圆柱的母线长为l ，则根据已知条件可得，πππ8222=+⋅=Rl R S 全，1=R ，解得3=l⊥A A 1底面ACB ,所以A A 1是三棱锥CB A A 1-的高︒=∠120AOC ，所以3=AC ,1=BC ,231321=⨯⨯=∆ACB S 23323313111=⨯⨯=⨯=∆=A A S V ACB ACB A 【文科】（2）取A A 1的中点为D ,连接OD 、CD ，由于B A OD 1//,所以DOC ∠或其补角即为异面直线B A 1与OC 所成的角。
普陀区高三地理二模试卷
2014学年度第二学期普陀区高三质量调研考试地理试卷本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
全卷包括两大题，第一大题为选择题，第二大题为综合分析题，包括共同部分和选择部分。
考生注意：1．答卷前，务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、考号等。
2．答案必须全部涂或写在答题纸上。
所有考生应完成第一大题和第二大题的共同部分，第二大题选择部分分为A、B两组，两组试题分值相同，A组对应于考试手册中“任选模块一”，B组对应于“任选模块二”，考生任选一组答题。
一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）（一）“APEC蓝”是2014年11月APEC峰会期间人们津津乐道的话题,下列为会议期间北京天气资料(表1)以及四地气压随时间变化曲线图。
1．11日～12日北京霾消散，天空显现“APEC蓝”，从气象角度考虑，最可能的原因是A．大气降水沉降B．气流上升扩散C．气流下沉辐散D．风力加大吹散2．上图所示①、②、③、④曲线中，反映北京10～13日气压变化的是A．①曲线B．②曲线C．③曲线D．④曲线（二）中华民族的母亲河——黄河流经我国多个地域文化区（如下图）。
3．下列属于黄河上游流经地区的地域文化特色是①摆龙门阵②秦腔③京剧④喇嘛寺⑤蒙古包A．②③④B．①④⑤C．①②③D．②④⑤4．下列表示图中所示④文化区特色文化及其相关自然条件的是A．窑洞——黄土广布B．掉袖藏袍——气温变化大C．面食为主——盛产小麦D．那达慕——草原牧区（三）农家乐是新兴旅游休闲形式，表现为城市居民走进农村，“吃农家饭，住农家屋，干农家活，享农家乐”。
下表为百度地图搜索到的江苏“农家乐”数量。
5．苏南农家乐的数量有别于苏北的主要原因是A．苏南农家乐规模大B．苏南人口密度大C．苏南社会经济发展水平高D．苏南土地资源有限6．关于农家乐对当地社会经济发展的影响，叙述正确的是A．促进农村的产业分工与合作B．有利于保护农村原生态环境C．不利于农村劳动力转移D．有利于提高城市化水平（四）下列为甲、乙、丙、丁四个国家玉米主产区的位置示意图。
普陀试卷答案
2014学年度第二学期普陀区高三质量调研物理答案一．单项选择题 （共16分，每小題2分，每小题只有一个正确选项。
）二．单项选择题（共24分，每小题3分，每小题只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题卡上。
）三．多项选择题 （共16分，每小题4分，每小题有二个或三个正确选项，全选对的，得4分，选对但不全的，得2分，有选错或不答的，得0分。
）四．填空题 （共20分，每小题4分。
）30．（10分）解：（1）在图甲情况中，把人和船看成一个整体分析，人和船的总质量为M ，人和船组成的系统受到的合外力为F ，船的位移s 是对地位移，02121-=Mv Fs ， MFsv 21=（4分） （2）在图乙情况中，人和船组成的系统受到的合外力为2F （人受到向右F 的拉力，船也受到向右F 的拉力），021222-=Mv Fs ， M2M 222FsFs v =⨯=（3分） （3）在图丙情况中，人和船组成的系统受到的合外力为F ，船的位移s 是对地位移，02123-=Mv Fs ， MFsv 23=（3分）31．（12分）解：（1）该同学的解法是错误的。
（1分） 实际上，在玻璃管竖直倒立的过程中，当其还未插入水银槽内时，由于水银受重力作用要下降，故封闭端空气柱变长，开口端空气柱变短，说明开口端有空气溢出，即B 部分气体质量减少（不是定质量的）。
这部分研究对象的质量发生了变化，不能应用波意耳定律解析。
（2分）正确解法如下：把全过程分为两个过程。
第一个过程：从玻璃管水平到竖直尚未插入水银槽内， 对A 气体：11A A A A V p V p = 代入数据得，mm mm S p S L P A A A A 15260-760140760L 11=⨯==（2分） 第二个过程：当玻璃管插入水银槽后， 对A 气体：22A A A A V p V p =，代入数据得，mmHg mmHg V V P A A A A 800133140760p 22=⨯==（2分） 对B 气体；初态为竖直尚未插入水银槽，末态为已经插入水银槽后，(),128152-2140L ,760101mm mm mmHg p p B B =⨯=== ()mmHg mmHg B 86060800p 2=+= 2211B B B B V p V p =，代入数据得， mm mm p L P B B B B 113860128760L 2112=⨯==（2分） 所以，水银进入管中的水银长度为：H=(140×2－133－113)mm=34mm （1分）（2）玻璃管露出槽中水银面的高度h =(140×2+60-100-34) mm =206mm （2分）32．（14分）解：（1）解：滑块从静止释放到与弹簧刚接触的过程中作初速度为零的匀加速直线运动，设加速度大小为a ，则有ma θsin E =+mg q , 20112s at =联立两式，代入数据解得t 1=0.5s （4分）（2）滑块速度最大时受力平衡，则有20N 10N 2mg 0.5mg 0.5mg θsin E F =⨯==+=+=mg q （4分）（3） （3分） （4） （3分）33. （14分）解：（1）ab 棒沿斜面滑下切割磁感线产生的感应电流的方向是b →a ，通过cd 棒的电流方向如图c →d 。
【2014普陀二模】上海市普陀区2014届高三下学期质量调研(二模)考试英语试题 Word版含答案
2014年上海市普陀区高三二模英语试卷有答案（考试时间 120分钟满分 150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. At the office. B. Home in bed.C. On his way to work.D. Away on vacation.2. A. His wife. B. A travel agent staff. C. A waiter. D. A hotel clerk.3. A. 11:20. B. 10:30. C. 10:50. D. 11:30.4. A. She can’t finish her assignment, either.B. She can’t afford a computer right now.C. The man can use her computer.D. The man should buy a computer right away.5. A. The famous professor has given several lectures.B. The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.C. Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D. Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.6. A. The woman does her own housework.B. The woman needs a housekeeper.C. The woman's house is in a mess.D. The woman works as a housekeeper.7. A. The woman didn't expect it to be so warm at noon.B. The woman is sensitive to weather changes.C. The weather forecast was unreliable.D. The weather turned cold all of a sudden.8. A. She wants to take the most direct way.B. She may be late for the football game.C. She is worried about missing her flight.D. She is currently caught in a traffic jam.9. A. The man regrets being absent-minded.B. The woman saved the man some trouble.C. The man placed the reading list on a desk.D. The woman emptied the waste paper basket.10. A. Take the test again in 8 weeks.B. Call to check his scores.C. Be patient and wait.D. Inquire when the test scores are released.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In about 20 years. B. Within a week.C. In a couple of weeks.D. As soon as possible.12. A. Yes, of course. B. Possibly not.C. Not mentioned.D. Definitely not.13. A. Her complaint was ignored. B. The store sent her the correct order.C. The store apologized for their mistake.D. The store picked up the wrong items.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To withdraw his deposit. B. To cash a check.C. To rob the bank.D. To get his prize.15. A. They let him do what he wanted to.B. They helped him find large bills.C. They pressed the alarm.D. They called the police.16. A. He was afraid that he would be caught on the spot.B. Large bills were not within his reach.C. The maximum sum allowed was 55,000.D. He was limited by time and the size of his pockets.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Madonna：Singer/actress, born Michigan, USA, 1959Originally a dancer, she had her first popular record ‘Holiday’ in 1983. In 1985 she began her film career and also married actor Sean Penn, but (25)____ marriage lasted less than four years. Her ‘Blond Ambition Tour’in 1990 with special clothes(26)____(design) by Jean Paul Gaultier caused much conflict. Her career took a more respectable direction, however, with the birth of her first child, Lourdes, in 1997, and her performance in the title role of Evita.Pelé：footballer, born Edson Arantes do Nascimento, Tres Coracoes, Brazil, 1940(27)____(consider) by many to be the greatest footballer of all time, he became a world star at the age of only seventeen, when Brazil first won the World Cup in Sweden. Perhaps his (28)____(great) success in his life was to win the third World Cup in Mexico in 1970. He played in four World Cup competitions, and scored over 1,200 goals in his career before finally (29)____(retire) in 1977. He (30)____(appoint) Brazilian Special Minister for Sport in 1994.Steffi Graf：tennis player, born Neckerau, Germany, 1969(31)____ Graf turned professional at the age of thirteen, she won her first major tournament in 1986 and became the world’s number one a year later. In 1988 she became the first woman since 1970 to win ‘The Grand Slam’(Wimbledon, the US, Australian and French Open tournaments). She (32)____(win) over 100 titles in her career and earned up to $20 million.(B)One in three American children now live with only one parent. (33)____ ____ the traditional family of Japan is strong, divorce still went up quickly between 1980 and 1995.(34)____ is more important is that the nature of the family is changing. In Sweden and Denmark, around half of all babies are now born to unmarried parents, and in the United Kingdom and France more than a third.Families are getting smaller. The average Turkish family had seven members in 1970; today it has only five. And in Spain and Italy, (35)____ families were always traditionally large, the birthrate was the lowest in the developed world in 1995. This fall in the birthrate is due to the fact that, as more women have careers, they are waiting longer and longer (36)____(start) a family. The age (37)____ ____ the average woman has her first baby is now 28 in Western Europe, and it is getting later.So the nuclear family is clearly changing, but is it in danger of (38)____(disappear) completely?The truth is (39)____ it is still too early to tell. In some countries these patterns are actually reversing. In the United States, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, the birthrate is rising once more; and in Denmark, for example, marriage is becoming more popular again. In the United States, the divorce rate in fact fell (40)____ 10 per cent between 1980 and 1990, and it is continuing to fall.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. achievedB. authorityC. availableD. codeE. dominatedF. educationalG. opinionsH. mattersI. relatedJ. representativesK. symbolizationIt is important that students’ feelings, opinions and suggestions are listened to, taken into account, and that the right action is taken. There are a number of ways that this can be __41__, i.e. school councils, year councils and peer mentoring.School councilsMost schools have a school council which exists to let the teachers and head teacher know what students’ __42__ are on a range of school issues. The school council usually consists of two or three elected __43__ from each year group.A school council might meet once or twice a month to discuss issues such as the dress __44__, the use of social areas, charity fundraising and bullying.Year councilsBecause school councils are sometimes __45__ by older students, some schools have introduced year councils. The aim of a year council is to give students the opportunity to express opinions on __46__ of importance to that particular year group. The following is an example of the rules relating to a school’s council for year 8 (pupils aged 12-13).The head of year will attend all council meetings as an observer and both they and the other year staff will be __47__ as required to offer support and advice to council members and to assist in the settlement of arguments.Peer mentoringThere are other ways in which students’voices can be heard. One of the most popular schemes involves peer mentoring. Those who express an interest receive training to become mentors (导师) so that they are better equipped to help others. This starts from primary school age, when the mentors may get involved in issues __48__ to conflict resolution. At secondary school and at university, mentors are likely to deal with a larger variety of issues, such as __49__ and health-related matters.The belief in schemes like these is that being heard by your peers can be more effective and helpful as fellow students may have more time and understanding than teachers or others in __50__.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Many people complain that their memory is bad, particularly as they get older. Life would be so much easier if we could remember things __51__. So how can we improve our memory?Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember. While this undoubtedly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, __52__), psychologists doubt whether it can help you to remember things for long. The British psychologist E.C. Stanford seemed to __53__ this point when he tested himself on five prayers that he had read aloud every morning for over 25 years. He found that he could remember no more than three words of them! __54__, especially for remembering numbers, is ‘chunking’ (分块), or grouping the information. The following numbers would be __55__ for most of us to remember. 1492178919931848. But look at them in ‘chunks’, and it becomes much easier. 1492 1789 1993 1848.So what about ‘memory training’? We’ve all __56__ people w ho can memorise packs of card by heart --- how is this done and can anyone learn how to do it? __57__ experts, there are various ways of training your memory. Many of them __58__ forming a mental picture of the items to be memorised. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind __59__ a word you want to remember. Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. People were asked to remember up to 120 words using this technique; when tested afterwards, on average, they were able to __60__ 90 per cent of them! Surprisingly, however, there is nothing __61__ about these methods --- they were around even in ancient times. Apparently the Roman general Publius Scipio could __62__ his entire army --- 35,000 men in total!__63__, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying large quantities of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to ‘form __64__ connections’ is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, for example, if you were reading about a particular disease, you would ask yourself questions like: ‘Do people get it from water?’, ‘What parts of the body does it affect?’ and so on. This i s said to be far more effective than time spent ‘__65__’ reading and re-reading notes.51. A. effortlessly B. purposefully C. exactly D. carelessly52. A. by contrast B. in that case C. in no way D. for example53. A. raise B. prove C. discuss D. stress54. A. More helpful B. Much worse C. More difficult D. Much shorter55. A. convenient B. impossible C. meaningful D. technical56. A. agreed with B. learned from C. heard about D. apologized for57. A. Due to B. In case of C. According to D. In spite of58. A. exclude B. mean C. suggest D. involve59. A. isolated from B. sensitive to C. responsible for D. associated with60. A. recall B. recite C. revise D. restore61. A. effective B. awful C. valuable D. new62. A. train B. recognize C. lead D. command63. A. Furthermore B. However C. Summarily D. Therefore64. A. unknown B. loose C. meaningful D. personal65. A. passively B. silently C. amusingly D. extensivelySection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A night out in Tokyo is much the same as a night out in Milan these days, according to a survey about socialising, conducted amongst 16 to 34-year-olds around the world. Wherever you live, a typical night out is spent eating burgers, seeing American films or listening to English-language music in clubs and bars. Individual differences do survive but American culture is everywhere.Differences in the social behavior of the two sexes are also disappearing. Most people surveyed felt that it was ‘perfectly normal’ for groups of young women to go out alone, that it was ‘equally acceptable’ for young women to smoke and drink, and that a couple should split the bill when they go out together. For most young people these were the biggest differences between their own generation and their parents’.Interestingly, however, most young people interviewed said that parents are still stricter with daughters than sons about where they go and who they go with. Overall, only 10 per cent thought that parents treat their sons and daughters equally, and almost no one thought parents were stricter with their sons!Important national differences appear, however, when it comes to time-keeping. In the Far East and Eastern Europe a night out starts --- and finishes --- much earlier: th ere seven o’clock was the average time for meeting up with friends. For many Southern European and South Americans, on the other hand, an evening out doesn’t even start until ten or eleven o’clock, by which time many of their South Korean or Japanese counterparts are safely home in bed!Parents’ rules reflect this. Most Japanese parents expect their teenagers home by ten o’clock or even earlier, whereas in Europe it is more likely to be eleven or twelve o’clock. The most surprising findings came from Argentina, however, where it is apparently quite normal for 15 and 16-year-olds to stay out all night. But then perhaps this is because their parents have less to worry about --- 80 percent of Argentine youngsters claimed that they rarely or never drink alcohol!66. Night out in Tokyo is similar to it in Milan because ________.A. English-language activities are highly welcomedB. they are experiencing the different globalized-cultureC. American culture is very popular all around the worldD. all the young people have the same habits and hobbies67. One of the biggest differences between young people and their parents lies in ______.A. the music style and stars they lovedB. their attitude towards paying money for dinnerC. the decreasing number of young women smokingD. the time they meet up with people and have evening out68. In the last paragraph, “this” refers to ______.A. evening outB. drinking alcoholC. time-keepingD. staying up late69. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The same night-out life in all the modern cities.B. The similarities and differences in social behaviors.C. Comparing night life between the east and the west.D. Parents’ different rules between their sons and daughters.(B)Your Write Source book is loaded with information to help youlearn about writing. One section that will be especially helpful isthe “Proofreader’s Guide” at the back of the book. This sectioncovers all of the rules for language and grammar.The book also includes four units covering the types of writingthat you may have to complete on district or state writing tests. Atthe end of each unit, there are samples and tips for writing inscience, social studies, and math.Write Source will help you with other learning skills, too:study-reading, test taking, note taking, and speaking. This makes the Write Source a valuable writing and learning guide in all of your classes.Your Write Source guide…With practice, you will be able to find information in the book quickly using the guides explained below.The TABLE OF CONTENTS (starting on the next page) lists the six major sections in the book and the chapters found in each section.The INDEX (starting on page 751) lists the topics covered in the book in alphabetical order. Use the index when you are interested in a specific topic.The COLOR CODING used for “Basic Grammar and Writing” (blue), “A Writer’s Resource” (green), and the “Proofreader’s Guide” (yellow) make these important sections easy to find.The SPECIAL PAGE REFERENCES in the book tell you where to turn for additional information about a special topic.70. If you want to learn about “Tenses of verbs” in writing, you should refer to ______.A. Proofreader’s GuideB. Special page referencesC. Table of contentsD. Different Color Coding71. Besides writing skills, which of the following skills can be found in Write Source?A. Classifying contents.B. Taking notes.C. Making science experiments.D. Matching colors.72. The purpose of the passage is to _____.A. persuade readers to buy the boo kB. offer the book’s review to readersC. introduce the useful skills in writingD. help readers to use the book skillfully(C)It is well-known that twins are closer to each other than most brothers and sisters ---- after all, they probably spend more time with each other. Parents of twins often notice that they develop special ways of communicating: they invent their own words and one can often finish the other's sentence. In exceptional circumstances, this closeness becomes more extreme: they invent a whole language of their own, as in the case of Grace and Virginia Kennedy from Georgia in the USA, who communicated so successfully in their own special language that they did not speak any English at all until after they started school.However, these special relationships are the result of lives spent almost entirely in each other's company. What happens when twins do not grow up together, when they are separated at birth for some reason? Are they just like any other strangers, or are there still special similarities between them? Professor Tom Bouchard, of the University of Minnesota, set out to find the answer to this question. He traced sixteen pairs of twins, who were adopted by different families when they were babies, and often brought up in very different circumstances. Each twin was then interviewed about every small detail of their life.The results of this research make a surprising reading. Many of the twins were found to have the same hobbies, many have suffered the same illnesses, and some have even had the same type of accident at the same point in their lives. One pair of middle-aged women arrived for their first meeting in similar dresses, another pair were wearing similar jewellery. The most incredible similarities are to be found in the case of Jim Springer and Jim Lewis from Ohio in the USA. The story of the 'Jim Twins' made headline news across USA. Born to an immigrant woman in 1939, and adopted by different families at birth, both babies were named Jim by their new parents.But what can be the explanation for these remarkable similarities? Is it all pure coincidence, or is the explanation in some way genetic? Research into the lives of twins is forcing some experts to admit that our personalities may be at least partly due to 'nature'. On the other hand, analysts are also anxious to emphasise that incredible coincidences do happen all the time, not just in the lives of twins.73. The case of Grace and Virginia Kennedy (Para. 1) is to show that ______.A. twins communicate with each other in an unusual wayB. twins are more likely to suffer from speaking problemsC. most twins have exceptional abilities to invent a new languageD. twins won’t have an effective communication until they go to school74. The purpos e of Tom Bouchard’s study is to find ______.A. what will happen if twins spend lives entirely in the same companyB. why the 16 pairs of twins have been adopted by different familiesC. whether separated growing up has effect on twins’ special similariti esD. when the special similarities come into being during their growing up75. What does the word “reading” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Book.B. Interpretation.C. Literature.D. Measurement.76. According to Tom Bouchard’s research, the special similarities between twins ______.A. depend on what the twins enjoy and suffer fromB. can not be proved or accepted by all the expertsC. result from the twins’ growing up and developmentD. are not closely linked with where the twins are raised77. What can be learned from the last paragraph?A. Incredible coincidences happen to twins all the time.B. Nature is the only way to explain the similarities between twins.C. The differences between twins are to some extent the results of genes.D. Similarities shows the close relationship between two strange persons.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.All of us exist in ‘bodies’ of different shapes, heights, colors and physical abilities. The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people’s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.Poorer people are more likely to eat ‘unhealthy’foods, to smoke cigarettes and to be employed in physically difficult work or the opposite: boring, inactive employment. Moreover, their housing conditions and neighbourhoods tend to be worse. All of these factors impact upon the condition of a person’s health: the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.These social factors are also closely linked to emotional wellbeing. People with low or no incomes are more likely to have mental health problems. It is not clear, however, whether poverty causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around. For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.There are other types of social factors too. Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgments matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical context. In fact, the culture of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies enormously. Currently, for example, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. In most societies the ideal body shape for a woman was a ‘full figure’, while in middle-aged man, a large stomach indicated that they were financially successful in life.Sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms. The physical body and what we seek to do with it change over time and society. This has important implications for medicine and ideas of health. Thus, the idea of people being ‘overweight’ is physically related to large amounts of processed food, together with lack of exercise, and is therefore a medical issue. However, it has also become a mental health issue and social problem as a result of people coming to define this particular body shape as ‘wrong’ and unhealthy.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Besides social factors, what are the other two reasons for differences in bodies?79. The social factors are likely to have a great effect on people’s ______ and ______.80. Valuations of body shapes change with ______.81. The “This” in the last paragraph refers to ______.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.考官将会问你几个关于科技发展的问题。
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上海市普陀区2014年质量调研高三化学二模试卷2014.4考生注意：1、本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答案必须涂或写在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Cl－35.5 S—32 Mg—24 Al—27 Fe—56 Cu—64一、选择题（本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1、今年全国两会普及使用了“石头纸”，这是以碳酸钙为主料（内层）、聚乙烯等高分子材料为辅料（双外层）制成的。
有关“石头纸”的说法错误的是A．不易燃烧B．有利于保护森林C．防油不防水D．不易降解2、右图是印在食品包装内常见小袋子上的部分图案，该小袋子内的物质最有可能是A．铁粉B．氧化钠C．亚硫酸钠D．生石灰3、化学模型可以将微观分子宏观化，直观表现分子的结构特点。
下图为某烃分子的一种模型，有关说法正确的是A．它是乙烯的球棍模型B．它是只有一种键角的非极性分子C．它的电子式为：D．半径较大原子核外电子排布的轨道表示式为：4、物质变化过程中常常伴随着能量的变化。
下列过程中一定向外释放能量的是A ．石油裂化B ．氢气与碘蒸气化合C ．铵盐溶于水D ．形成碳氢键5、以下事实中能证明某无色透明液体是纯水的是A ．在1.01×105Pa 时测得该液体的沸点是100℃B ．常温常压下，测得该液体的pH=7C ．电解该液体时得到H 2和O 2的体积比为2:1（相同条件）D ．一小块金属钠能浮于该液面，迅速游动，产生气体，发出嘶嘶声二、选择题（本题共36分，每小题3分，每题只有一个正确选项）6、实验中一定不需要“沸石”的是A ．制取蒸馏水B ．分馏石油C ．制取乙烯D ．制取溴乙烷7、给定条件下，两瓶气体所含原子数一定不相等．．．的是 A ．同体积同密度的C 3H 6和C 4H 8 B ．同温度同体积的O 2和N 2C ．同质量不同密度的CO 和C 2H 4D ．同压强同体积的N 2O 和CO 28、将足量NO 2通入下列各溶液中，所含离子还能大量共存的是A ．Fe 2+、Clˉ、SO 42ˉ、Na +B ．NH 4+、Al 3+、NO 3ˉ、Cl ˉC ．Ca 2+、K +、Clˉ、HCO 3ˉD ．K +、Na +、SO 32ˉ、SO 42－9、固体A 的试剂瓶签已部分被腐蚀（如右图所示）。
已知固体A 只可能是Na 2CO 3、Na 2SO 3 和Na 2SO 4中的一种。
若取少量固体A 配成稀溶液进行实验鉴定，下列说法错误的是A ．只用盐酸一种试剂就可以确定该固体A 的成分B ．依次加入Ba(NO 3)2溶液、盐酸，若有白色沉淀，则固体A 为Na 2SO 4C ．滴入酸性KMnO 4溶液，若KMnO 4溶液褪色，则固体A 为Na 2SO 3D ．用pH 试纸检验（常温），若pH ＞7，则固体A 可能是Na 2CO 310、我国著名化工专家侯德榜先生提出的“侯氏制碱法”大大推进了纯碱工业的发展，他 的贡献之一是A ．找到了新型高效催化剂B ．充分利用了能量C ．提高了纯碱产品的纯度D ．有效减少了环境污染11、下图是一种常见的电化学装置。
有关说法正确的是A ．a 为阴极，铁皮受到保护B ．盐酸中的Cl - 向b 定向移动C ．在两个电极反应中，锌元素分别被氧化或被还原D ．锌镀层完全溶解之时，电流计指针几乎没有偏转电流计 b 锌镀后的CO 12、在体积不变的400℃恒温密闭容器中，一定量的SO 2与1mol O 2在催化剂作用下发生 反应：2SO 2(g)+O 2(g) 催化剂加热 2SO 3(g) + QkJ 。
当气体的物质的量减少0.5mol 时反应达到平衡。
下列叙述错误的是A ．增大氧气浓度，平衡向正方向移动，K 值不变B ．降低温度，正反应速率比逆反应速率减小的程度小C ．平衡时SO 2气体的转化率为50%D ．该条件下反应放出0.5QkJ 的热量13、化学实验是探索物质世界的重要手段。
下列实验方案设计正确的是A ．向裂化汽油中滴加少量酸性高锰酸钾溶液，振荡。
若紫红色褪去，即可证明其中含甲苯等苯的同系物B ．选用新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液可以鉴别水、苯、溴苯、乙醛和乙酸C ．采用普通蒸馏装置，将溴的四氯化碳溶液中的溶质与溶剂分离D ．检验某铁粉样品中是否有少量氧化铁杂质，实验步骤为：取少许样品，用盐酸溶解，然后滴加KSCN 溶液14、将SO 2气体分别通入下列四种溶液中，有关现象及结论的说法正确的是A ．试管①中有淡黄色沉淀生成，说明SO 2有氧化性B ．试管②中溶液褪色，说明SO 2有漂白性C ．试管③中能产生白色沉淀，说明SO 2有酸性D ．试管④中溶液颜色变浅，说明SO 2有还原性15、三氟化氮（NF 3）是一种无色、无臭的气体，在潮湿的空气中能与水蒸气反应，产 物有NO 、HNO 3和HF 。
下列说法错误的是A ．反应中被氧化与被还原的元素，其原子的物质的量之比为1：2B ．NF 3与NH 3化学性质的不同是因F 与H 两元素非金属性的差异引起C ．NF 3一旦泄漏，可用NaOH 溶液喷淋，只有NaF 、NaNO 3和H 2O 产生D ．若反应中转移0.2mol 电子，则生成的NO 气体体积约为4.48L （标准状况） 16、如图，集满CO 2气体的广口瓶内，置有装一定量Na 2O 2(s) 烧杯。
向广口瓶内注入过量水（忽略体积变化） 复至原温度，气球体积几乎不变。
此时小烧杯内的溶质是A ．Na 2CO 3、NaOHB ．Na 2CO 3 、Na 2O 2C ．Na 2CO 3D ．Na 2CO 3、NaHCO 317、分子式为C7H12O2的有机物X，在一定条件下与NaOH溶液反应，获得两种含碳的产物，其中一种具有一个五元环。
则X的结构有A．5种B．6种C．3种D．4种三、选择题：（本题共20分，每小题4分，每小题有一个或两个正确选项。
只有一个正确选项的，多选不给分；有两个正确选项的，选对一个给2分，选错一个，该小题不给分）18、中学实验室里，在乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯的制备实验中都采用的操作是A．在铁圈上放置石棉网B．加原料时，首先向大试管中加入浓硫酸C．选用Na2CO3溶液提纯产物D．通过分液得到高纯度的酯19、向物质的量各有1mol的NH4Al(SO4)2和H2SO4混合稀溶液中逐滴加入一定量Ba(OH)2溶液，产生沉淀的量随着Ba(OH)2加入量的变化如图所示。
下列离子方程式书写正确的是A．O→A：H++SO42ˉ+Ba2++OHˉ→BaSO4↓+H2OB．A→B：2Al3++3SO42ˉ+3Ba2+ +6OHˉ→3BaSO4↓+2Al(OH)3↓C．B→C：2NH4++SO42ˉ+Ba2+ +2OHˉ→BaSO4↓+2NH3·H2OD．D→E：NH4++ OHˉ→ NH3·H2O20、四种短周期主族元素的性质或结构信息如下，有关推断错误的是A．X的氢化物的沸点属同族元素氢化物中最高B．离子半径由小到大的顺序为X <W < Y < ZC．X与Z形成的化合物中可能含有共价键D．Y的最高价氧化物的水化物可与由其他三元素组成物质的溶液反应生成沉淀21、一定温度下，难溶强电解质的饱和溶液中存在着沉淀-溶解平衡，其平衡常数称为溶度积（K，化学平衡常数中的一种）。
例如：Ag2CrO4(s) 2Ag+(aq) + CrO42-(aq)K sp = [c(Ag+)]2•c(CrO42-)。
对于含Fe2(SO4) 3、FeSO4和CuSO4各0.5mol的混合溶液1L，根据上表数据判断，说法错误的是A．向混合溶液中逐滴加入NaOH溶液，最先看到红褐色沉淀B．向溶液中加入双氧水，并用CuO粉末调节pH，过滤后可获较纯净的CuSO4溶液C．该溶液中c(SO42-) ：[c(Fe3+) + c(Fe2+) + c(Cu2+)] ＝5：4D．将少量FeCl3粉末加入含Cu(OH)2的悬浊液中，其中c(Cu2+)增大22、某温度、压强条件下，气体肼（N2H4）受热完全分解，生成NH3、N2和H2的混合气体。
设反应后混合气体的密度是原来的a倍，则a的值可能是A．1 / 6 B．1 / 3C．1 / 2 D．2 / 5四、（本题共12分）硅是重要的半导体材料，构成现代电子工业的基础。
请回答下列问题：23、硅原子中能量最高的电子处在电子层上（填写电子层符号），该层电子占有的原子轨道数为。
24、单质硅存在与金刚石结构类似的晶体，其中硅原子之间以相结合（选填编号）。
14克单晶硅中存在个Si-Si键。
a．极性键b．非极性键c．离子键d．范德华力25、写出SiH4在氧气中燃烧的化学方程式：；26、SiH4的热稳定性不如CH4，其原因是。
工业上硅铁可以用于冶镁。
以煅白（CaO•MgO）为原料与硅铁（含硅75%的硅铁合金）混合，置于密闭设备中于1200℃发生反应：SiO4 (l) + 2Mg(g)2(CaO•MgO)(s) + Si(s) Ca27、常温下镁的还原性强于硅。
上述方法能够获得镁的原因是___________________________________________________ 。
28、若上述反应在容积为a L 的密闭容器中发生，一定能说明反应已达平衡的是 （选填编号）。
a ．反应物不再转化为生成物b ．炉内Ca 2SiO 4与CaO •MgO 的质量比保持不变c ．反应放出的热量不再改变d ．单位时间内，n(CaO •MgO)消耗 : n(Ca 2SiO 4)生成 = 2 : 1 若b g 煅白经t min 反应后转化率达50%，该时段内Mg 的生成速率是 。
五、（本题共12分）硫、氯及其化合物有广泛的用途。
29、工业上通过电解饱和食盐水生产氯气。
在立式隔膜式电解槽中铁电极上的电极反应式为 。
30、“氯氧化法”是指在碱性条件下用Cl 2将废水中的CN - 氧化成无毒的物质。
用化学符号写出CN - 被氧化后的产物 。
31、“氯胺（NH 2Cl ）消毒法”是在用液氯处理自来水的同时通入少量氨气，发生反应：Cl 2 + NH 3 → NH 2Cl + HCl ，生成的NH 2Cl 能部分水解生成强氧化性的物质，起消毒杀菌的作用。
①氯胺能用于消毒杀菌的原因是 （用化学方程式表示）。
②经氯胺消毒法处理后的水中，氮元素多以NH 4+ 的形式存在。