非谓语动词基础练习题及答案.docx
(完整word)非谓语动词练习题及答案
非谓语动词练习1. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music。
A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC。
making herself heard D. to make herself heard2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV； there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A。
to form B。
form C. forming D。
having formed3. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby。
A. find B。
to find C。
on finding D. in finding4。
The old man， _____ abroad for twenty years， is on the way back to his motherland。
A. to work B。
working C. to have worked D。
having worked5。
You were silly not ________ your car。
A. to lockB. to have lockedC. locking D。
having locked6。
Don’t leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth。
A。
run B. running C. being run D。
to run7. When flint ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B。
非谓语动词基础练习题及答案
非谓语动词基础练习题及答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．The woman, when _______ how her husband was injured, began to cry.A．asked B．to askC．asking D．ask【答案】A【解析】2．115．______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed【答案】C【解析】考查动词不定式。
句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。
用不定式表目的，故选C。
3．Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A．make B．turnC．get D．grow【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”，是及物动词；turn表示“变成，成为”是不及物动词；get“变成，做成”是不及物动词；grow表示“生长，成长”。
根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。
”及句式结构可知，此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意，make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。
故最佳答案应为A项。
4．______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A．Having exposed B．Being exposedC．To expose D．Exposed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。
(完整版word)非谓语动词训练题含答案
（完整版word）非谓语动词训练题含答案一、非谓语动词1．——Grandpa has changed a lot.——So he has. He spends more time than he used to ______ games with the children.A. playB. playingC. playedD. plays【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：——爷爷变了很多。
——他确实如此。
他玩游戏比过去用的时间多了。
spend用于sb spend...on sth或者sb spend...in doing sth（in可以省略），spend的主语必须是人，可以指花费时间、也可以指花费金钱。
本句中he used to后面省略了动词spend，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词2．Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading.A. to developB. developC. to developingD. developing【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：我们的老师经常建议我们培养在阅读时做笔记的习惯。
Advise sbto do sth建议某人做某事，所以选A。
3．My mother doesn't allow me _______outside too late on school nights.A. to stayB. stayC. staying【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：在上学的日子里,我妈妈不允许我在外面待得太晚。
Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，是固定用法，故答案选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式，掌握固定搭配。
4．My little brother didn't go to bed until he finished his homework last night.A. doB. doingC. to do【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：昨天晚上我弟弟直到完成作业才睡觉。
【备战高考】非谓语动词基础练习题及答案
【备战高考】非谓语动词基础练习题及答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, ________ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.A．make B．making C．to make D．made【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词作结果状语的用法。
句意：2015年，中国中标了冬奥会的举办权，使得北京成为世界上第一个夏季和冬季奥运会都举办的城市。
分析句子结构，逗号之前为完整的主句，阐述了“中标举办权”的事实，逗号之后则补充说明了先前事实所带来的进一步意料之中的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。
2．(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,___________ at the night sky.A．to stare B．staringC．stared D．having stared【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。
句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。
句意：没有比背躺在草地中间，盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。
故B正确。
考点：考查非谓语动词用法3．（2018·北京）Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A．used B．to useC．using D．use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
（完整版）非谓语动词练习题（含答案）
（完整版）非谓语动词练习题（含答案）非谓语动词专项练习1. _____ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ____ her.A. Warning, followingB. Having warned, followingC. Having been warned, followingD. Warned, followed2. Michael never dreamt of ___ for him to be sent abroad very soon.A. being a chanceB. there’s a chanceC. there to be a chanceD. there being a chance3. Farmland ___ quickly, so they are considering _____ a programme to solve the problem.A. is getting lost, startingB. is lost, to startC. is losing, startingD. loses, to start4. Which do you enjoy ______ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home?A. spendingB. to spendC. being spentD. spend5. This problem is far from , so it has to be discussed again at tomorrow’s meeting.A. settledB. settlingC. being settledD. being settling6. What is the way George thought of enough money to buy the house? A. to get B. getting C. having got D. being got7. —Henry do esn’t seem like the same person. — so much in the war has made him more thoughtful.A. For him to seeB. His seeingC. Having seenD. To be seeing8 . —I really appreciate to holiday with you on this nice island . —It’s my pleasure . A. have time B. having time C. to have timeD. to having time9 .They really have a great time too , designing everything , drawing the blue prints , the angles and so on .A. looking outB. taking outC. finding outD. figuring out10. David apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to he not able11. At the seventh International Ballet Competitions , Fernando Bujones won the first gold medal ever to an American male dancer .A. awardedB. to be awardC. being awardedD. should be awarding12.The student, if well _____ , will pass the examination without much difficulty. A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepareD. ready13. a little money , Jane was able to buy her mother a lovely new watch . A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved14.We saw new houses wherever we went on our visit.A. builtB. being builtC. buildingD. to build15.That gas pipeline project, in July 2002 and in 2005,will be China’s longest gas pipeline in history.A. starting; completingB. started; to be completedC. to start; completedD. starting; completed16. Tom does speak Chinese well, but his reading and writing skills leave much _______.A. to improveB. to be improvedC. improvingD. improved17. To get an education, _______.A. working hard is very importantB. working hard is neededC. one must work hardD. it is needed to work hard18.—Where is our English teacher?—She is in the classroom, _____ the exercises _________ the students have done at home.A. explaining; /B. explaining; forC. explained; toD. explained; from19. Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when alone. A. to see B. seeing C. is seen D. seen 20.—What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night ?—I lost my way in complete darkness and , things worse , it began to pour .A. makingB. to makeC. having madeD. made21. It rained nonstop for ten days , completely our holiday.A. to ruinB. ruinedC. having ruinedD. ruining22. ______ as the “First Lady of Speech”, Dr Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills. A. Knowing B. Having known C. Known D. To be known23.At the computer operation test, one is supposed to stay at his own machine, keep his eyes on his screen, ______ to anyone.A. and not to speakB. but could not speakC. instead of speakingD. or rather speak24. The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. to have been robbedC. robbedD. having been robbed25. He sat back on the chair, took a book and began to read, ___. A. being looked at ease B. looked rather at ease C. to look rather at ease D. looking rather at ease26. With online course Crazy English has over 20 million students all over China the class through the Internet .A. attendB. attendedC. attendingD. to be attending27. In order not to be disturbed ,I spent three days in my study.A. lockingB. lockedC. to lockD. lock28. As we all know, it was _____ that resulted in the terrible car accident.A. because of her carelessnessB. her being carelessC. becauseshe was careless D. she was so careless29. With a lot of difficult problems ____, the manager felt worried all the time. A. settled B. to be settled C. settling D. tosettle30. ____ at a college or university in the USA, Chinese and other international students must demonstrate a strong ability in spoken and written English. A. Having been accepted B. To be accepted C. Being accepted D. Accepted【答案与解析】1. Cwarn这一动作发生在主句动作had to go之前，应用-ing的完成形式，且与主句的主语存在着被动关系；a friend与follow之间是主动关系。
(完整版)非谓语动词专题(练习题含答案)
(完整版)非谓语动词专题(练习题含答案)一、选择题1．I prefer ______ the cheaper one of the two sweaters _____ some money for a dictionary. A．to have ; to saving B．having ; to savingC．to have ; to save D．having , to save2．—Why do you speak in _________ a loud voice?—Because I want to make myself ________ clearly.A．such; hear B．so; heard C．such; heard D．so; hear 3．Parents always warn their children ________ the scissors because they are dangerous. A．to not use B．not use C．not to use D．not using4．________ the early flight, we ordered a taxi and got to the airport very early. A．Catching B．To catch C．Catch D．Caught5．The way we thought of ________ the environment proved to be very useful.A．to protect B．protecting C．protected D．protects6．—I hope to take the DIY course at weekends.—Good idea. ________ more about it, visit the website http://www. . please. A．Know B．To know C．Knowing D．To knowing 7．---Why hasn’t the doctor stopped ________ lunch?---Because he is too busy ________ a dying patient in the operation room.A．to have; to save B．to have; saving C．having; saving D．having; to save 8．Paul made a nice cage _______the little sick bird till it could fly．A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 9．There are no ways she can come up ________ herself out.A．with to help B．to help C．with helping D．to helping 10．Our teacher always chooses classical songs she enjoys ________ us between classes. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax D．to relaxing 11．—Why do the students need to read every day?—________information for writing.A．To collect B．Collecting C．Collect D．Collected 12．—I feel stressed at times, but I don’t know________about it.—You can come to me whenever you need.A．whom to talk B．when to talk C．who to talk to D．when to talk to 13．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police________. A．not to do B．do not C．not do D．not to do so 14．_______ up sales, many international companies plan to set up online shops.A．Push B．To push C．Pushing D．Having pushed 15．Our headmaster isn’t in. I can’t find him anywhere. Did you notice him ______ the office? A．to enter B．entered C．to leave D．leave 16．People are advised to avoid ________ their eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands. A．touch B．touched C．touching D．to touch17．Scientists should do something they can ____ this kind of virus from spreading into a wider area.A．prevent B．to prevent C．preventing D．prevented18．_______ colorful pictures, he loaded a new software to help him.A．Create B．Created C．To create D．Creating19．In his e-mail, David promised _________his daughter during her stay in Japan.A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit20．It’s my honor _____ to give a talk here.A．to invite B．to be invited C．inviting D．invite21．China now has many good chances for people returning from abroad their dreams. A．achieve B．achieved C．to achieve D．achieving22．—To keep the students safe on their way to school, we have taken more action.— That sounds great. We should do what we can __________ the school bus accident.A．to prevent B．prevent C．to preventing D．preventing 23．(2016•盐城市)We must do everything we can ______waste water from running into rivers . A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing D．to prevent 24．What ______ great fun we had ______ the film Jungle Book.A．a; to watch B．/; watching C．a ; watch D．/; to watching25．He tried to make himself ________ by his students, but he failed.A．understand B．understoodC．understands D．understanding26．Every morning when the sun ______, plenty of people are watching the ____ of national flag at Tian’an men Square.A．raises；raise B．rises；riseC．raises；rise D．rises；raising27．A medical team, ________ five experienced doctors and ten skillful nurses, was sent to the earthquake-stricken area in Turkey.A．made up of B．made of C．made from D．made by 28．—My bike is broken.—Why not have it________?A．repair B．repaired C．repairing D．to repair29．________ with my father’s handwriting, mine is poor.A．Compare B．Compared C．Comparing D．Compares 30．The doctor warned the patient oily food after the operation.A．not to drink B．to drink C．not to eat D．not eat31．—At weekends, my parents often go cycling with me around the Fishmouth Wetland Park.—That's great! But my parents are too busy ________ operations to spare me any time.A．to do B．done C．doing D．do32．What a terrible thing! There is a ________ dog ________ on the ground.A．die, lie B．dead, lying C．death, lay D．dying, lie33．While I ____on the street, I found a little boy ______ near the park.A．am walking, crying B．was walking, cry C．was walking, crying D．walked, cry34．I saw her flowers in the garden when I passed by.A．to water B．water C．watering D．watered 35．—How do you feel about people who keep you ____?—They drive me ____.A．wait; excited B．to wait; fun C．waiting; mad D．waiting; happy 36．Lily’s parents always encourage her ____out her opinions.A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．spoken 37．—Your hair is too long.—Haha. I just want to have my hair ______this afternoon.A．to cut B．cutting C．cut D．cuting 38．—What terrible weather!I s imply can’t get the car________.—Why not try________the engine with some hot water?A．started; filling B．to start; filling C．started; to fill D．to start; to fill 39．I think middle school students should not get their hair _______.A．color B．colors C．colored D．coloring40．Mr Hu was prevented ____ the meeting by a bad cold yesterday.A．attended B．attending C．attend D．to attend41．－This computer doesn’t work. －Really? I will have it tomorrow.A．repaired B．repair C．to be repaired D．be repaired42．I would rather spend time ______ at home than ______ out with you.A．staying; go B．to stay; to go C．staying; to go D．to stay; go43．I didn't enjoy myself at the party. I just felt __ . — Well, maybe there were too many people at the party.A．left out B．to leave out C．leaving out D．be left out 44．Spending the holiday in nearby places has become a trend this year as local governments encourage people ________ too far.A．travelling B．not travelling C．travel D．not to travel 45．We middle school students are advised _________ at least one hour _________ exercise every day to stay healthy.A．spending; to take B．spending; taking C．to spend; to take D．to spend; taking 46．Chinese spacecraft Tianwen I successfully landed on the Martian surface, ________ a historic accomplishment in China’s space development.A．marking B．to mark C．marked D．marks 47．These young trees will require ________carefully.A．to look after B．being looked after C．having looked after D． looking after 48．—What do you remember about Grade 7?―I remember________a prize in the school writing competition.A．to win B．win C．winning D．won49．All of us should know what attention should be paid to __________ a more beautiful Huai'an. A．building B．to build C．build D．have built50．一Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.一Sorry，madam. They only for lunch. Why not consider something else? A．served; to order B．served; orderingC．are served; ordering D．are served; to order51．_____ a GPS will make _____ easier for you to visit a strange place.A．Take; it B．To take; that C．Taking; it D．Take; that 52．（题文） .-- Shall we take a walk outside?–Sorry, I’m too busy ______ for the coming examA．prepare B．to prepareC．preparing D．with preparing53．Tom’s decided to devote all h e could ________ his English before going abroad.A．to improving B．have improvedC．to improve D．improve54．---It is selfless ______ the doctor to devote all the time he had ________ for the patients.--I think so, they are so great.A．for; to care B．of; to care C．of; to caring D．for; to caring55．My brother would rather spend time _________ in the library _________ talk with friends on WeChat.A．read; in B．reading; in C．reading; than D．to read; than 56．—Li Dan, the first Chinese science fiction movie The Wandering Earth is well worth________ . You must go and see it.—OK. I’m going to take my daughter to watch it.A．to be watched B．being watched C．to watch D．watching57．—It is reported that many sea animals have died because of waste masks.—People must stop ________ waste masks into the sea.A．collecting B．to collect C．littering D．to litter58．Our monitor suggested _________ an outing after the mid-term exam.A．organize B．to organize C．organized D．organizing 59．— Would you mind ________ in the hall?—Of course not.A．smoked B．don't smoke C．not smoking D．not to smoke 60．The details the teachers asks to pay attention to ________ our English are very important. A．to improve B．improve C．improving D．improved【参考答案】一、选择题1．C解析：C【详解】句意：我在这两个毛衣中选择更便宜的那件来节省些钱买字典。
非谓语动词基础练习题及答案
非谓语动词基础练习题及答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．After a decade or so, out of choices, he returned to where he’d begun, ashamed at having so little to show for his wanderings.A．being run B．runningC．to run D．having run【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。
句意：大约十年后，在没有选择的情况下，他回到了他开始的地方，为自己的拼搏没有什么收获而感到羞愧。
run out of “用光，耗尽” 与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示的动作明显发生在return之前，所以用现在分词的完成时having run of。
故D 选项正确。
【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。
首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。
其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。
再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。
其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要。
分析句子可知，本句的主语为he,谓语为returned, run out of “用光，耗尽”为非谓语与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示的动作明显发生在return的之前，所以用现在分词的完成时having run of。
故D选项正确。
2．I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken【答案】C【解析】句意：我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。
此处动词不定式表目的，故选C。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词3．(天津) __________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A．To work B．WorkedC．To be working D．Having worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。
非谓语动词讲解及练习(含答案).docx
非谓语动词讲解及练习( 含答案 )一、单项选择非谓语动词1．What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? A． sitting B．sitC． sat D． to sit【答案】 A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办？根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing 判断出前面填非谓语结构，“人们”和“坐”是主动关系，故选 A。
2．In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.A． making B． made C． make D．makes【答案】 A【解析】考查状语从句。
在澳大利亚，许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识，使中国游客去旅游更加容易。
根据与前面一句用逗号隔开，没有连词，故判断此空用非谓语动词，根据与主语是主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式，用来修饰和补充上一句话，故选A。
3．For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm.A． grown B．being grownC． to ge grown D． to grow【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。
句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。
grow 作定语修饰fruit ， grow 与 fruit 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
B 项表示正在进行； C 项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。
故选A。
4．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.A． to be heard B．to have heardC． hearing D． being heard【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查不定式的被动语态形式。
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非谓语动词基础练习题及答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．(重 ) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars.A． used B．having usedC． using D． use【答案】【解析】【分析】【解】C考非。
句意：象古代的水手，能利用太阳和星辰来找到他的路。
是 can find，故 use 用非作伴随状，与主birds 是主关系，用在分做伴随状，根据句意，use 一作与作同，用在分的一般式。
故【点睛】C。
伴随状是指状从句的作伴随主句生，它的特点是：它所表达的作或状是伴随着句子的作而生或存在的，个考点在高考中常出，本考的是分做伴随状，分在分和去分，在分短表示与主句的主在上有主关系，即表示主意；而去分短表示与主句的主在上是关系，即被意； He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information他我一封子件，希望得到更多的信息； He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙了大，后面跟着两个警。
2．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ______ to sunlight. A．exposed B． to expose C． exposing D． being exposed【答案】 A【解析】分析：考非。
本考短be exposed to 暴露与⋯⋯。
句意：理种化学物要小心，因它暴露在阳光下会爆炸。
故 A 正确。
考点：考非3．________on this report ，the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to goand look for this continent.A． Having based C． Based B．Basing D． To be based【答案】C【解析】考非。
be based on 以⋯⋯基。
在句中作状，故用其based。
C。
4．In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.A． making B． made C． make D．makes【答案】 A【解析】考查状语从句。
在澳大利亚，许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识，使中国游客去旅游更加容易。
根据与前面一句用逗号隔开，没有连词，故判断此空用非谓语动词，根据与主语是主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式，用来修饰和补充上一句话，故选A。
5．In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _____ an Olympic gold medal in swimming. A． winning B．to winC． having won D． being won【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。
句意：在2012 年，孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。
当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候，通常要用不定式作定语。
如 the first to come and the last to leave ，本句中Chinese man 前面有序数词the first 修饰，所以后面要用不定式作定语。
故 B 项正确。
6．A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A． to leave B． left C． leaving D． leave【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。
分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。
且与逻辑主语 laugh 构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。
故选 C。
7． ______in painting, John didn A． To absorbC． Absorbed ’ t notice evening approaching.B．To be absorbedD． Absorbing【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。
短语be absorbed in 全神贯注于，在句中作状语，省略be 动词，故选C。
【点睛】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。
在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
8．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.A． to be heard B．to have heardC． hearing【答案】 A【解析】【详解】D． being heard考查不定式的被动语态形式。
句意：孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话，以致于我不得不努力使得自己被听到。
“struggle to do sth 意思”是努力做某事；“hear和”其逻辑主语“I之”间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。
故选A。
9．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer.A． not finishing C． not having finished 【答案】 D B．had not been finished D． not finished【解析】试题分析：在这里，our work 处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。
work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。
考点：独立主格结构的考查点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive ）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。
独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。
独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
10．（ 2018 ·北京） Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A． used B．to useC． using D． use【答案】 A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰 ordinary soap ， ordinary soap和 use 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词， A 选项正确。
点睛：过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。
11． The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A． forced B． forcing C． to be forced D． having forced 【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：政府计划引入新法律，迫使父母对他们的孩子的教育承担更多的责任。
分析句子可知，children 作定语，修饰____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of theirnew laws ,force 用非谓语动词形式，force 与主语 The government是主动关系，用现在分词形式表示主动， force 与 bring in 是同时发生的，不用完成时，故选B。
12． (福建 ) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A．Known C． Knowing 【答案】 C B．Having known D． Being known【解析】【详解】考查动名词。
句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。
分析句子成分，谓语是 will help ，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选 C 项。
13． There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent.A． used B． using C． to use D． to be used【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。
句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。
这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。
分析句子可知，money 与 use 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。
故选 A项。
14． (北京 )______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A． Ordering B．To orderC． Having ordered D． Ordered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：(因为 )那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。
books 和order 是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered... ，故选 D。
【点睛】分词作状语1.分词作时间状语相当于when 引导的时间状语从句； on doing sth. ="as" soon as sb. does sth.。