2019高三一轮复习专题十一特殊句式法讲解与练习(无答案)语文

专题十一特殊句式

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一、强调句

陈述句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who...

一般疑问句式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who...

疑问句式：特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/was it that/who...?

It is/was + not until...+that/who

使用助动词do/does/did强调

Eg:It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.

It was him that/who we met at the school gate.

Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?

Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.

Who was it that broke the window?

What is it that you want me to do?

It was not until ten ten o’clock that he went to bed.

Do be careful!

He does enjoy drawing.

二、倒装

1、全部倒装

方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首

such位于句首

Eg:Here comes the train to Beijing.

On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.

Such was Albert Einstein.

2、部分倒装

1）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句

Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well.

Only after the war learned he the sad news. (×)

Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (√)

Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (×)

Only when he returned did he find out the truth. (√)

Only can he answer the question. (×)

Only he can answer the question. (√)

2）表否定意义的副词和介词短语位于句首

Eg:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.

At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.

Not only do I enjoy less spare time, but I find myself even busier than before.

Hardly had he begun to speak when his father.

No sooner had she seen him than she smiled.

3）虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should, 省略if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前。

Eg:Were they here now, they could help me.

4）as,though引导让步状语从句，要用倒装。

Eg:Tired as/though it seems, it is true.

Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam.

5）so,neither,nor置于句首

Eg:We saw the film last week. So did they.

I have never been abroad. Neither has he.

三、反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）

1、陈述部分含有must，反意疑问句部分用needn’t;

当含有mustn’t时，反意疑问句部分用must/may

Eg:You must go now, needn’t you?

You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you?

2、陈述部分含有used to，反意疑问句部分用usedn’t 或didn’t

Eg:You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t/didn’t you?

3、陈述部分含有ought to, 反意疑问句部分用oughtn’t/shouldn’t

Eg:He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?

4、陈述部分带有宾语从句，疑问部分与主句保持一致

陈述部分的谓语动词是think, believe,suppose,imagine时：

①主语是第一人称时，疑问部分与宾语从句主谓保持一致

②主语是第二、三人称时，疑问部分与主句保持一致

Eg:She said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?

I don’t believe he will succeed, will he?

Tom doesn’t believe Jane will succeed, does he?

5、陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词(seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few,little,nothing...)，疑问部分用肯定。

Eg:He could hardly walk without a stick, could he?

注：陈述部分含有表“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，反意疑问部分一般用否定式。Eg:Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn’t he?