How different is translated Chinese from native Chinese
中西方差异英语作文
中西方差异英语作文In the realm of cultural differences, the contrast between Eastern and Western societies is often a topic of greatinterest and discussion. Here are some key points that couldbe included in an essay on the differences between Chineseand Western cultures:1. Family Values: In China, family is often at the center of social life, with a strong emphasis on respect for elders and maintaining family harmony. In contrast, Western culturestend to prioritize individualism, where personal freedom and self-expression are highly valued.2. Communication Styles: Chinese communication is often more indirect and nuanced, with a focus on maintaining face and avoiding confrontation. Western communication, particularlyin the United States, is typically more direct and explicit, with an emphasis on clear and open dialogue.3. Education: Chinese education is traditionally more focused on rote learning and academic achievement, with a high value placed on discipline and hard work. Western education systems, while still valuing academic success, often encourage creativity, critical thinking, and a more holistic approachto learning.4. Work Ethic: The Chinese work ethic is known for its dedication and long hours, with a strong emphasis on loyaltyand commitment to the company. Western work cultures, while still hardworking, often prioritize work-life balance and personal time.5. Food and Cuisine: Chinese cuisine is diverse and rich in flavors, with a focus on balance and harmony in meals. Western cuisine, particularly in the U.S., is known for its variety and the influence of different cultures, with a focus on individual dishes and flavors.6. Holidays and Celebrations: Chinese holidays are deeply rooted in tradition and often involve family gatherings, such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Western holidays, like Christmas and Thanksgiving, also involvefamily and friends, but the traditions and customs can vary greatly.7. Social Etiquette: In China, social etiquette is very important, with specific rules for gift-giving, seating arrangements, and table manners. Western etiquette is also important but tends to be less rigid and more focused on personal comfort and informality.8. Religion and Spirituality: China has a mix of religious beliefs, including Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, with a strong emphasis on harmony with nature and the universe. Western societies are predominantly Christian, but there is also a significant presence of other religions and a growing number of non-religious individuals.9. Time Perception: Chinese culture tends to view time ascircular and continuous, with a focus on the past and future. Western cultures often view time as linear and progressive, with an emphasis on planning for the future.10. Attitude Towards Authority: In China, there is a general respect for authority and hierarchy. In Western societies, there is often a more questioning and critical attitude towards authority figures.These points can be expanded upon to create a comprehensive essay that explores the nuances and complexities of cultural differences between China and the West.。
中国和西方人的文化差异英语作文
中国和西方人的文化差异英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Observations on Cultural Differences Between China and the WestHi there! My name is Xiaoming and I'm a 10-year-old student from Beijing. Over the past few years, I've had the chance to interact with some kids and families from Western countries like the United States and United Kingdom. It's been really fascinating to learn about their cultures and see how they're different from ours in China. Let me share some of my observations with you!One of the biggest differences I've noticed is in our family structures and practices. In China, we place a huge emphasis on the extended family unit. I live with my parents, grandparents, and even some aunts and uncles under one roof. We have family dinner together almost every night, and major holidays like Chinese New Year are massive family affairs with lots of relatives gathering.But many of my Western friends live in smaller nuclear families with just their parents and siblings. They don't seem to have as much involvement from grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins in their daily lives. Their family gatherings also tend to be smaller. While I love having a big, close-knit extended family around, I can see how a smaller family setup allows kids in the West to be more independent from a younger age.Speaking of independence, that's another major contrastI've picked up on. We Chinese tend to be quite protective of our children and closely supervise them until they're teenagers. But Western parents often encourage more personal freedom and autonomy for their kids from a younger age. My American friend Jack has been making his own way to school since he was just 7 years old! I couldn't imagine doing that back then.The differences even extend to the classroom. While we Chinese students are taught to be deferential to our teachers and avoid questioning them directly, Western students seem to be encouraged to speak up, ask questions, and even debate with their teachers if they disagree. The classroom environment in the West feels a lot more interactive and focused on developing critical thinking skills.Food is where the East-West divide is really delicious though! Our Chinese cuisine uses so many different spices, sauces, cooking techniques and ingredients like noodles, dumplings, and stir-fries. In contrast, Western food to me often seems quite plain, with simple seasoning and a bigger emphasis on things like breads, cheeses, steaks and potatoes. Not that it's bad...just very different flavors that my palette had to get used to at first!One major area of overlap, however, is our love for celebrations and festivals. In China, we have iconic festivals like Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Dragon Boat Festival that bring families together for feasting and fun traditions. Similarly, my Western friends go all-out for festivals like Christmas, Easter, Halloween and Thanksgiving. The specifics are different, but the spirit of celebrating together as a community is the same.I could go on, but those are some of the biggest cultural gaps I've noticed so far between China and the West. From family dynamics to food to classroom norms, it's been aneye-opening experience being exposed to another way of life. I feel really fortunate to have had this exposure at a young age - it's making me appreciate my own Chinese roots and traditions, while also building my understanding of other cultures.Who knows, maybe someday I'll move to a Western country for college or work? If I do, I'll be much better prepared for bridging any cultural divides. For now, I'm just really excited to keep learning about the world beyond China's borders. It's a big, fascinating world out there!篇2My Cultural Journey: Bridging China and the WestHi there! My name is Xiaoming, and I'm a 10-year-old student from Beijing, China. Today, I want to share with you my experience and observations about the fascinating cultural differences between my home country and the Western world.As a young learner, I've always been curious about different cultures and traditions. Last year, my family had the opportunity to visit my aunt and uncle in New York City, USA. It was aneye-opening experience that allowed me to explore and appreciate the rich diversity of the Western culture firsthand.One of the first things that caught my attention was the way people greeted each other. In China, we often bow slightly as a sign of respect, especially when meeting elders or people in authority. However, in the West, I noticed that people would shake hands, hug, or even kiss on the cheek when greeting eachother. It felt a bit strange at first, but I soon understood that it was a way of showing warmth and friendliness.Another significant difference I observed was in family dynamics. In Chinese culture, we place a strong emphasis on filial piety and respecting our elders. Children are expected to obey their parents and grandparents without question. In contrast, Western families seemed to have a more equal and open relationship between parents and children. Kids were encouraged to express their opinions and make their own choices, which was quite different from what I was used to.Food was another area where I noticed some fascinating contrasts. Chinese cuisine is known for its diverse flavors, with a focus on balance and harmony. We use a lot of fresh vegetables, rice, and noodles, and our meals are often shared family-style. On the other hand, Western meals seemed to be more individualized, with larger portions and a greater emphasis on meats and dairy products. I remember trying a cheeseburger for the first time and being amazed by the combination of flavors!In terms of education, I found the Western approach to be quite different from what I was used to in China. In my school, we have a more structured and exam-oriented curriculum, with a strong focus on memorization and repetition. However, in theWest, I noticed that students were encouraged to think critically, ask questions, and participate actively in class discussions. Group projects and hands-on activities seemed to be more common, allowing students to develop teamwork and problem-solving skills.Another aspect that fascinated me was the concept of personal space. In China, we tend to stand closer to each other and physical contact is more common, especially in crowded areas like public transportation. However, in the West, people seemed to value their personal space more, and there was a greater emphasis on maintaining a certain distance between individuals.Despite these differences, I also noticed some similarities between our cultures. For instance, both Chinese and Western societies place a high value on education and hard work. Parents in both cultures want their children to excel academically and have successful careers. Additionally, family bonds and celebrations like birthdays and holidays are cherished in both cultures, although the specific traditions and practices may differ.One thing that struck me during my visit was the diversity within the Western culture itself. New York City is a melting potof different ethnicities, religions, and backgrounds. I met people from various parts of the world, each with their own unique traditions and perspectives. It made me realize that just as China has its regional variations, the Western world is also incredibly diverse and rich in cultural tapestry.Overall, my experience in the West has broadened my horizons and deepened my appreciation for cultural diversity. While there are undoubtedly differences in customs, values, and ways of life, I've learned that at the core, we all share a common humanity. We all seek happiness, love, and fulfillment, regardless of our cultural backgrounds.As I continue to learn and grow, I hope to embrace the best of both Chinese and Western cultures. I want to maintain the values of respect, hard work, and family bonds that are deeply rooted in my Chinese heritage, while also embracing the spirit of open-mindedness, critical thinking, and individuality that I admire in Western societies.In the end, true understanding and harmony between cultures come from recognizing and celebrating our differences, while also acknowledging our shared human experiences. By building bridges of mutual respect and open communication, wecan create a world where diverse cultures coexist and enrich one another.So, my dear friends, let's embark on this incredible journey of cultural exploration together. Let's embrace the beauty of our differences and find common ground in our shared hopes, dreams, and aspirations. After all, the world is a vibrant tapestry woven with the threads of countless cultures, and it's up to us to appreciate and cherish each colorful strand.篇3Cultural Differences Between China and the WestHi everyone! My name is Xiaoming and I'm going to tell you about some of the interesting cultural differences I've noticed between China and Western countries. Culture is all the beliefs, customs, arts, foods, and ways of life that get passed down from one generation to the next. Even though we're all human beings, different cultures can have some pretty big differences!One major difference is language. In China, we speak Chinese which has lots of different dialects like Mandarin, Cantonese, and more. The writing system uses beautiful, complex characters. In Western countries though, they speak languages like English, Spanish, French, and German which usean alphabet with 26 letters. Their words look and sound really different from Chinese.Another big difference is food! Chinese food is so yummy with dishes like dumplings, noodles, rice, and stir-fries. We use chopsticks to eat. But in the West, their food is really different like bread, pasta, sandwiches, hamburgers, pizza, and more. They eat mainly with forks, knives, and spoons. Some of their food looks and tastes totally strange to me!Family is very important in Chinese culture. We often live with our grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins all under one roof. Children are taught to respect their elders. In the West though, the families are typically smaller with just parents and children. Kids sometimes move out at age 18!Holidays are celebrated differently too. Of course, in China our biggest holiday is Chinese New Year. We decorate with red, watch dragon dances, light firecrackers, and get red envelopes with money inside! Western holidays like Christmas are centered around gift-giving, decorating trees, eating big meals, and leaving out cookies for Santa Claus.School is another area with big differences. Chinese students study really hard and our academic competition is intense. We often go to school for longer hours and on Saturdays too.Testing and getting good scores is very important. Schools in the West seem more relaxed with shorter days, longer vacations, and less testing.These are just a few examples of the differences I've noticed between Eastern and Western cultures. Of course, there are many other differences with arts, celebrations, values, customs, and more. Every culture is unique and special in its own way. Appreciating and respecting these differences helps bring harmony to our diverse world. That's what I think anyway!What do you all think? Do you notice any other cultural differences between China and the West? I'd love to hear your thoughts!篇4Cultural Differences Between China and the WestHi everyone! Today, I want to share with you some interesting facts about the cultural differences between China and the West. It's amazing how people from different parts of the world have unique traditions and customs. So, let's explore together!One big difference is the way we greet each other. In China, we often greet others by bowing or nodding our heads. We also address older people with respect, like saying "Nǐ hǎo" or "Hello" to show politeness. However, in the West, people usually shake hands when they meet someone new, and they greet each other by saying "Hi" or "How are you?" It's fascinating how a simple greeting can be different in various cultures!Food is another area where we can find cultural differences. In China, we enjoy a wide variety of dishes, such as rice, noodles, and dumplings. We often use chopsticks to eat our meals. On the other hand, in the West, people have different kinds of food like hamburgers, pizza, and sandwiches. They usually use forks, spoons, and knives to eat. It's interesting to see how our tastes and eating habits can be so diverse!Education is also a significant difference between China and the West. In China, education is highly valued, and students work hard to achieve good grades. We have long school hours and lots of homework. Respect for teachers is very important, and we listen carefully to what they say. In the West, education is also important, but there is more emphasis on creativity and critical thinking. Students often participate in group discussions andexpress their opinions freely. It's amazing how education can be approached differently in different parts of the world!Let's talk about festivals now! In China, we celebrate many colorful and exciting festivals. For example, during the Spring Festival, we have dragon dances, set off fireworks, and give red envelopes with money inside to bring good luck. In the West, there are also many festivals, like Christmas and Halloween. During Christmas, people exchange gifts and decorate Christmas trees. On Halloween, children dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating. It's fascinating to see how festivals can be so unique and special in different cultures!Family values are important in both China and the West, but there are some differences. In China, family is considered the most important thing, and we often live with our parents and grandparents. We show respect for our elders and take care of them as they get older. In the West, children usually move out of their parents' house when they become adults and start their own families. Family bonds are still strong, but there is more emphasis on independence and individuality. It's heartwarming to see how families are valued differently across cultures!These are just a few examples of the cultural differences between China and the West. It's fascinating to learn aboutdifferent traditions, customs, and ways of life. By understanding and appreciating these differences, we can build bridges between cultures and make the world a better place. So, let's celebrate our diversity and embrace the beautiful tapestry of cultures that exists in our world!I hope you enjoyed learning about the cultural differences between China and the West. Remember, no matter where we come from, we are all unique and special in our own ways. Let's celebrate our differences and learn from one another.篇5My Culture is Different From the WestHi there! My name is Li Ming and I'm a 10-year-old student in China. Today, I want to talk about the differences between Chinese culture and Western culture. It's really interesting to see how people live in other parts of the world!One big difference is our food. In China, we love rice! It's a staple at pretty much every meal. My favorite is when my mom makes fried rice with eggs, vegetables, and a bit of soy sauce. Western food seems to be more focused on bread, pasta, and meat dishes. My friend Jack, who is from America, was reallysurprised the first time he tried dumplings and noodles at my house.Family is also very important in Chinese culture. We have a saying "家和万事兴" which means "When the family is united, every affair will prosper." From a young age, we are taught to respect our elders, especially our grandparents. It's common for multiple generations to live together under one roof. In the West, kids often move out and live independently after finishing school. Jack told me it would be really weird for him to live with his grandparents!Speaking of families, one interesting difference is how we refer to relatives. In English, you might call your aunt "Aunt Sally" using her first name. But in Chinese, we use specific terms like "gūmā" for paternal aunt or "yímā" for maternal aunt. There are also different titles for older and younger aunts, uncles, cousins, and so on. It can get quite complicated!School life is fairly similar in terms of the core subjects we study like math, science, and languages. But Chinese students often have a much heavier workload and face tremendous pressure to excel academically. We start school earlier in the day, around 7am, and have much less vacation time compared to theWest. Many kids, including me, attend extra tutoring sessions after school to keep up. My foreign friends think that's crazy!Holidays are another area of contrast. Of course, China has its own traditional festivals like Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Dragon Boat Festival. These are celebrated with unique customs, foods, and activities that you don't really see in the West. Meanwhile, holidays like Christmas are widely observed by Western countries but not as much in China unless you belong to certain religions.One thing I find really fascinating is the differences in cultural values and philosophies. A lot of Chinese thought is influenced by the teachings of ancient figures like Confucius, who emphasised concepts like filial piety, harmony, and moral cultivation. Western philosophy seems to put more emphasis on topics like individual rights, freedom, and democracy. Though there is overlap too, of course!Another interesting point is how we approach interpersonal relationships and social etiquette. In Chinese culture, there's a lot of importance placed on hierarchy, propriety, and "saving face" - basically, not causing embarrassment or disrespect through your words and actions. This affects how we interact with elders,teachers, and even peers. From my understanding, Western culture tends to be more casual and direct in relationships.So those are some of the key cultural differences that strike me as a student in China. Of course, within each of these broad cultures, there's a ton of diversity too based on specific regions, ethnicities, and personal backgrounds. Every individual is unique! But I hope this gives you a glimpse into how life in China can be quite different from life in Western nations.It's really amazing to learn about the world beyond my own experience. While our cultures may differ in many ways, I think deep down, people all over the globe share some core hopes and values - we want health, happiness, and a good life for our families. I'm excited to keep learning about the fascinating cultures that make up our world.That's all from me for now! Thanks for giving me the chance to share my perspective. Let me know if you have any other questions!篇6The Differences Between Chinese and Western CulturesMy name is Li Ming and I am 10 years old. I was born in Beijing, but my family moved to Los Angeles when I was 6 years old because of my dad's job. Living in America has been really interesting and exciting, but also a bit confusing at times because of all the cultural differences between China and the West.One of the biggest differences I've noticed is in how families act. In China, the family unit is super important and there is a lot of emphasis on respecting your elders, especially grandparents. Kids are expected to obey their parents without questioning them. But many American families seem to act more casual and informal with each other. The parents let their kids talk back, disobey, and do whatever they want sometimes. It's so weird to me!Another major difference is in the food. Obviously, the cuisines are totally different, but it's about more than just the types of dishes. In China, we eat lots of shared dishes from a rotating table in the middle. In America, everyone gets their own separate plate. And Americans often eat really quickly, likethey're in a race or something. In China, meals are meant to be slow and relaxing affairs where the family can talk and bond overfood. My parents are always scolding me for wolfing down my lunch too fast here!School culture is quite different too. In China, the academic standards are much higher and kids have way more homework and test prep. The parents put a ton of pressure on their children to perform well on the annual exams that determine what good schools you can get into later. Here in America, school seems much more relaxed and focused on letting kids be creative and have fun. Don't get me wrong, I like having more free time and less stress, but I sometimes worry I'm not being challenged enough academically.Social values are another area where I've seen contrasts. Chinese culture emphasizes collectivism - promoting the interests of the group or society over the individual. Kids are taught not to stand out too much or bring excessive attention to themselves. Modesty and humility are big deals. Western cultures seem to value individualism much more, encouraging people to seek personal achievement and to confidently express themselves however they wish.Maybe the most fascinating difference of all is in people's general attitudes and approaches to life. From what I can tell, Chinese tend to have a more serious, reserved, and traditionalmindset. Things like hard work, sacrifice, and "saving face" are drilled into us from a young age. Americans often come across as more laid-back, informal, and focused on personal enjoyment and self-expression in the present moment. Not better or worse per se, just very different ways of seeing the world.It has definitely been an eye-opening experience getting to know both the Chinese and American cultures over my 10 years on this planet so far. Sometimes I feel pulled between the two mindsets and value systems. But I'm so grateful to have been exposed to such diverse perspectives at a young age. My hope is that I can take the best from both worlds as I continue growing up to become a open-minded global citizen.There are so many other differences I could discuss, like personal space expectations, approaches to conflict, understandings of courtesy and respect, and more. Cultures are endlessly fascinating to explore and compare. I may be just a kid, but I feel very lucky to have a foot in both the Chinese and Western worlds. It has already taught me that there are many lenses for viewing life, and that being open and respectful of other perspectives is the key to connecting with all people.。
The Differences between Chinese Long and Western Dragon
The Differences between Chinese Long and Western Dragon[Abstract]In this paper, I would like to discuss the differences between Chinese Long and western dragon. The two words “Long(龙)” and “dragon” are often translated into each other in English-Chinese or Chinese-English translations. But they are quiet different under the background of Chinese and western culture. In my paper, I will introduce the difference between Chinese Long and western dragon, and then analyze some misunderstanding caused by this mistranslation. The conclusion and suggestions will be showed in the last part.[Main body]With the rapid development of the Internet and transportation, intercultural communication is become more and more frequent, people mainly get the information of other culture through translations, so accurate translations become in great need. But there are great differences existed in different languages. People in every nation always understand other nations’ culture with their own views without considering whether they are right or wrong in origin. Thusthe misunderstandings between different nations come into being. So the misunderstanding caused by translations is worth our concerns.Taking Chinese word “Long(龙)” for example, Long is a traditional culture-loaded word in Chinese which is the symbol of auspiciousness and authority. This word is always translated into English word dragon in many translations. But in Western people’s eyes, the English word dragon is the symbol of devil and bugbear. Because of the translation from Long to dragon, great misunderstanding arises between Chinese people’s and western people’s minds.A. Long in ChinaIn ancient China, there are many origins about Long, such as lizard, crocodile, dinosaur and so on. Long is regarded as totem in ancient times. People in that times admired Long though it is just an imaginary animal in the legend.In China, Long is attached to a plenty of commendatory cultural meanings. Since the ancient times, Long has been regarded by Chinese people as the incarnation of their ancestor. Consequently they like to think themselves as the offspring of Long. Hence loong has been regarded as the symbol of China and Chinese people.In Chinese culture, the traditional symbol of royalty is Long. The word Long stands for the Chinese emperor. Therefore many things which are connected with the emperor contain the word Long.In Modern Chinese Dictionary, the original meaning of Long is a kind of a supernatural animal, which carries horns and whiskers and only has one head. It can make rain as wanted in legend. The second meaning is the head of animals, which can be black or bright, can be slender or coarse, can be short or long, flying to the sky in spring, and diving in the sea in autumn. In other words, Long is the head of changeable water animals, which is helpful for everything. So people awe and admire it as totem. And Long can also be regarded as imagery of heroes and wise persons.B. Dragon in Western CountriesThe dragon is often a symbol of devil to westerners. They regard the dragon as a fierce monster that can destroy other things. Therefore, in their opinion, it can make many disasters. There are several stories of heroes dealing with the struggles against such monsters, which in most cases are killed in the end.And these can be seen in many western films. For example, in the film Harry Potter, dragon is a cruel character, in this movie, Harry fights against the dragon to stop it from destroying the world.Western films can reflect western cultures. Of course, the characters in their films can reflect directors’ opinions. The image of dragon in the films is the reflection of dragon in western legend.In Bible, Satan, a devil, is called the great dragon. Revelation in the Books of The New Testament of Bible describes dragon like this: A great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns, and seven diadems on his head. And war broke out in heaven; Michael and his angels fought against the dragon. The dragon and his angels fought back, but they were defeated, and there is no longer any place for them in heaven. The great dragon was thrown down, then ancient serpent, which is called the Devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world, was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him. In Microsoft Encyclopedia, dragon is described as a legendary reptilian monster similar in form to a crocodile and usually represented as having wings, huge claws, and a fiery breath. Above it is about the appearance of dragon. From the description, dragon is very ugly, and its figure is very huge.In Europe, there is a famous dragon named Hydra, which is very cruel and rude. Hydra has nine heads and has long life. It is very different from Long in China. And European people hate Hydra very much. Thus dragon in western countries mainly means cruel and bad things. For example, “we call her a dragon” means she is very rude.“The Old Dragon” refers to the Satan in Bible, and in the phrase “chase the dragon”, dragon means drug, which can make people crazy and go to death.C. Comparison between Long and DragonAccording to the analysis above, Long and dragon can be compared as follows.Dragon:(1) Having many heads (2) Ugly in appearance (3) Evil force Long:(1) Having one head (2) Emperor (3) Wise people;It is obvious that there are many differences between them, they originate from different cultures. In fact the Chinese word Long has much more meanings than dragon. And meanings of Long are fine, while dragon mostly means bad things.D．Misunderstandings Caused by the Wrong TranslationThe improper translation exists in different parts of life. The wrong translation make Chinese people face a lot of difficulties. Some Chinese students who study in European countries are laughed by westerners, when they introduce their nation is a country of dragon. Though it is just a word, it has hurt the feelings between Chinese andwestern people. Words are also languages in some extents. What is a language? It refers to the culture of one country, and can embody personality of one country. So languages in different countries are different, though they have something in common. If using Chinese dragon for Long, western people maybe give the differences between dragon and Chinese dragon, but they still cannot imagine what Chinese dragon is like. The translation cannot embody the characteristics of Long.There are also many other misunderstandings. For example, Chinese phrase “Wang Zi Cheng Long(望子成龙)”means longing to one’s son successful. If some people translate it into longing to one’s son to be a dragon, western people will think why Chinese people want their children to be a cruel person. The bad impression of dragon in western people’s eyes is deep for a long time. It is very difficult to let them accept it. In Chinese culture, Long means authority. But in western people’s eyes, dragon is a kind of bugbear that destroys the whole world. Many heroes want to fight against it. It is very difficult for westerners to understand why Chinese people like it.All the misunderstandings make the cultural communications go on badly. The best symbol of China faces a serious problem in communications. In order to change the situation and solve the problem, correcting the English name of Long is an inevitableaction.Since mascots of 29th Olympic games were informed, many people were very surprised at that Chinese Long，which is regarded well by Chinese people all over the world, was not chosen. Beijing Olympic Committee explained that Long has many different definitions and understandings in different countries. If choosing Long as mascot and then translating it into dragon, many people all over the world will misunderstand China. From this event, it can be known that the wrong translation has affected the leaders of China to make decisions.Even though Chinese people maybe correct the mistake, westerners still use the word dragon to interpret Chinese word Long. In their minds, Chinese kings are very cruel to people, which is just like the impression of dragon in their hearts. But foreigners do not realize the differences between them, so their view is one-sided. Chinese word Long has much more meanings than what they think. And it mainly means kindness. In order to make the communication be more harmonious, the misunderstandings should be paid attention and eliminated.Some foreign scholars gave the speeches or wrote articles on the internet and other occasions. They regarded the offspring of dragon as the child of devil, being based on that dragon is devil and bugbear.They are lack of benevolence, and have bad imagine on China. The world is unified, and the civilizations have different forms. The globalization should be the combination with all kinds of civilization, not be one kind. Chinese people cannot think westerners’ opinions with their eyes. At the same time, Chinese people cannot ask them to understand Chinese people with our eyesight.E．ConclusionChinese culture has its specialty. If we want to introduce it to other countries, and make foreigners understand or accept it correctly, the culture-loaded words must be translated properly. If not, misunderstandings will happen, and the functions of cultural communication will not exist.Because of improper English translation dragon, many foreigners do not understand Chinese Long culture. They cannot understand why Chinese people regard Long as Chinese symbol. The cost is very ponderous. Because of this misunderstanding, the Olympic Committee did not choose loong as Olympic mascot. Because of the improper translation, westerners think Chinese people ugly, and think Chinese culture aggressive. This mistake has been in people’s minds for a long time. When Chinese people communicate with foreigners and introduce Chinese Long culture to them, how do theythink Chinese people? So we must correct this mistake by ourselves, it is impossible for westerners to help us correct it.According to the ways of translation, some people suggest that Long should be translated into loong, not dragon. The word Long is not only sounds like Chinese pronunciation of Long, but also from its way to letter combination, it has the characteristics of ideograph. In this translation Loong reaches the standard of faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance.Nowadays, many scholars have realized this problem. They stand out to ask to change the wrong translation dragon into another. They have different suggestions about English translation of Long，though some have problems. It has aroused many people’s attention. When turning on the computer, searching for Long or dragon, many articles or essays about this problem can be found. They all analyze the cultural differences between Long and dragon in details. According to these articles, a conclusion can be drawn that knowing more differences of different cultures is very important in translation and intercultural communication.[Work cited]●The entry “Chinese dragon” in Wikipedia●The entry “European dragon” in Wikipedia●< Western dragon and Chinese Long: mistranslation andresolution> Zeng Lingcai,sep.2008,volume 6.NO.9 ●《中西方龙形象的差异及其文化意义》庞进《东方收藏》2012年04 期●《从中西方“龙”文化差异看跨文化差异》李慧敏《青年社会科学》2011年第4期。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册精品课件 Unit 2 Section C
The pandemic,and especially remote work,has created new opportunities to work too hard.The W.H.O.director-general,Dr.Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus,noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs(裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours.One survey found an overwhelming majority of American employees have shortened,postponed or canceled vacations during the pandemic.
解析 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段前两句“The red flags about overwork have been waving...in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island.”可 知,本段主要讲述了多年来世界各地都承认过度劳累会带来危险。故选C 项。
ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥ
4.Where can you most likely find this passage? C A.In a college textbook of medicine. B.In a guidebook for workplace newcomers. C.In the “opinion” column of a newspaper. D.In the brochure of a Japanese company. 解析 推理判断题。本文论述了长时间工作已成为“严重的健康风险”,因此 文章很有可能出自报纸上的“观点”栏目。故选C项。
中国与西方的不同英语作文
Growing up in China, Ive always been fascinated by the differences between Chinese culture and Western culture. This curiosity has been further fueled by my love for the English language, which has served as a bridge connecting these two distinct worlds. Through my studies and interactions, Ive come to appreciate the unique characteristics of both cultures, especially in the context of language and communication.One of the most noticeable differences lies in the way we express ourselves. In Chinese culture, theres a strong emphasis on modesty and indirectness. We often use metaphors and allusions to convey our thoughts and feelings, which can sometimes be quite poetic. For instance, when we want to praise someones intelligence, we might say, You have the wisdom of Confucius, rather than directly stating, You are very smart.On the other hand, Western cultures tend to be more straightforward and explicit in their communication. They value clarity and directness, which is reflected in their language as well. If a Westerner wants to compliment someones intelligence, they might simply say, Youre really smart, without the need for any elaborate comparisons or metaphors.Another significant difference is the way we perceive time. In China, we have a strong sense of historical continuity and cyclical time. We often look back at the past to learn from it and guide our actions in the present. This is evident in our language, where we frequently reference historical events or proverbs to make a point.In contrast, Western cultures tend to have a more linear perception of time,focusing on the present and the future. They value innovation and progress, which is reflected in their language through the use of new terms and concepts that are constantly evolving.One of the most intriguing aspects of learning English has been discovering the subtle nuances of Western humor. It often relies on wordplay, puns, and irony, which can be quite different from the more situational and contextual humor often found in Chinese culture. For example, a common Western joke might involve a play on words that would be difficult to translate or appreciate in Chinese.In terms of social interactions, there are also notable differences. Chinese culture places a strong emphasis on harmony and maintaining face, which means we often avoid direct confrontation or criticism. Instead, we use polite language and indirect suggestions to express our opinions or concerns.Western cultures, however, tend to value directness and honesty in communication. They believe in expressing ones thoughts openly and honestly, even if it might cause some discomfort or conflict. This can sometimes be perceived as being blunt or rude in Chinese culture.Despite these differences, Ive come to appreciate the beauty of both cultures and the richness they bring to the English language. Learning English has not only expanded my linguistic abilities but also broadened my understanding of the world and its diverse cultures.For example, when I first started learning English, I found it challenging to grasp the concept of individualism, which is a core value in Western cultures. It emphasizes personal freedom, autonomy, and selfreliance. In contrast, Chinese culture is more collectivist, focusing on the importance of family, community, and social harmony.This difference became particularly evident when I participated in a group project in my English class. We were tasked with brainstorming ideas and making decisions as a team. I noticed that my Western classmates were more likely to express their opinions openly and challenge each others ideas, while I, along with my other Chinese classmates, tended to be more reserved and considerate of maintaining group harmony.However, as the project progressed, I began to appreciate the benefits of this more open and direct approach. It allowed us to explore a wider range of ideas and perspectives, leading to a more innovative and wellrounded final product. At the same time, I also made an effort to share my own ideas more confidently and assertively, while still being mindful of the feelings and opinions of others.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Western cultures offer a fascinating lens through which to explore and appreciate the English language. They highlight the importance of understanding and respecting cultural diversity, as well as the value of adapting and learning from each other. As a high school student, I feel fortunate to have had the opportunity to delve into these cultural nuances and to continue broadening my horizons through the study of English.。
中国和西方的不同英语作文
The Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures: A Comparative Analysis China and the West, separated by vast distances and vast cultural differences, have each developed unique cultural identities and traditions that have shaped their respective societies. While there are similarities in some aspects, such as the quest for knowledge, the pursuit of happiness, and the respect for family values, the differences between Chinese and Western cultures are profound and wide-ranging.**Philosophy and Beliefs**Chinese culture is deeply rooted in Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, which emphasize harmony, balance, and respect for authority. These philosophies promote collectivism and a hierarchical social structure where individual goals are often subordinated to the needs of the group. In contrast, Western culture is influenced by Greek philosophy and the Judeo-Christian tradition, which emphasizes reason, individualism, and the primacy of the individual's rights and freedoms. This leads to a moreindividualistic and competitive society where personal achievements and self-realization are highly valued.**Social Structure and Relationships**In Chinese society, relationships are central to social interaction, and personal connections often precede professional or transactional relationships. The Confucian ideal of "ren" (humaneness) promotes kindness, compassion, and respect for elders and authority figures. In contrast, Western society tends to be more individualistic and transactional, with a focus on personal achievements and competitiveness. Westerners value efficiency and directness in communication, often preferring to address issues directly and objectively.**Art and Aesthetics**Chinese art and aesthetics are often characterized by simplicity, elegance, and harmony with nature. Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy, for example, emphasize the flow of energy (qi) and the expression of the artist's inner world. Western art, on the other hand, has a longer history of representing reality and exploring the boundaries of human perception and expression. Westernartists have experimented with a wide range of techniques and media, from impressionism to abstract art, reflecting a diversity of aesthetic preferences and values.**Education and Learning**Education in China is highly valued and often focuses on memorization and mastery of subject matter. The Confucian ideal of "scholar-official" promotes the integration of learning and morality, with a focus on cultivating virtuous and capable leaders. Western education systems, on the other hand, tend to be more diverse and innovative, emphasizing critical thinking, creativity, and independent learning. Western universities, for example, often encourage students to explore different fields and pursue interdisciplinary studies.**Conclusion**The differences between Chinese and Western cultures are numerous and profound, reflecting their unique historical, geographical, and philosophical backgrounds. While there are similarities in some aspects, such as the quest for knowledge and the pursuit of happiness, the distinctive features of each culture contribute to the richdiversity of human experience and understanding. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, it is important to appreciate and respect these differences while seeking common ground and mutual understanding.**中西文化的差异：比较分析**中国和西方，尽管相隔遥远，文化差异巨大，但各自都形成了独特的文化身份和传统，塑造了各自的社会。
三年级英语翻译练习试题集
三年级英语翻译练习试题答案及解析1.争做小翻译家1. What’s this?________________________________2. It’s not a cat._________________________________3.It’s a dog._________________________________4.Who’s this?_________________________________【答案】1. 这是什么？2.它不是一只猫。
3.它是一只狗。
4. 这是谁？【解析】略2.译一译。
restaurant menu corn chickennoodles vegetables fruit foodhot dog French fries fried rice hamburger【答案】餐厅菜单玉米鸡肉面条蔬菜水果食物热狗炸薯条炒米饭汉堡包【解析】略3.翻译。
1.How many_______________2.help!___________________3.Be careful_______________4.There are five_____________5.egg_______________6.Look out__________________7.crocodile________________ 8.small__________________【答案】1.有多少 2.救命 3.小心 4.这有五个 5.蛋 6.小心 7.鳄鱼 8.小的【解析】略4.翻译。
1. Has Amy got a bike?______2. He goes to school by bike._______3. I haven’t got a car._______4. 我妈妈上班走路。
________5. 他上学坐公交车。
________【答案】1.Amy得到自行车了吗？2. 他骑车去上学。
中国人与西方人的文化差异英语作文
中国人与西方人的文化差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Cultural Differences Between Chinese and WesternersCulture plays a significant role in shaping the behaviors, beliefs, and values of individuals. The cultural differences between Chinese people and Westerners are evident across various aspects of life, including social norms, communication styles, and etiquette. Understanding and respecting these differences are essential for successfully navigatingcross-cultural interactions.One of the prominent cultural differences between Chinese people and Westerners is the concept of collectivism versus individualism. Chinese culture is characterized by collectivism, where the needs and goals of the group outweigh those of the individual. This is reflected in the emphasis on harmony, hierarchy, and relationships in Chinese society. On the other hand, Western culture is more individualistic, with an emphasis on personal achievement, independence, and individual rights.In terms of communication styles, Chinese people tend to be more indirect and implicit in expressing their thoughts and feelings. They may use non-verbal cues, such as body language and facial expressions, to convey messages. In contrast, Westerners are more direct and explicit in their communication, often expressing their opinions and emotions openly. This difference in communication styles can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations in cross-cultural interactions.Another cultural difference between Chinese people and Westerners is the concept of face. In Chinese culture, face is a crucial aspect of social interactions, representing one's reputation, status, and dignity. Saving face and avoiding loss of face are important considerations in Chinese society. In contrast, Western culture places less emphasis on face and values honesty, authenticity, and directness in communication.Etiquette and social norms also differ between Chinese people and Westerners. For example, Chinese people may value humility, modesty, and politeness in social interactions, while Westerners may prioritize assertiveness, self-expression, and individuality. Additionally, gift-giving customs, dining etiquette, and gestures of respect vary between the two cultures.Understanding and respecting these differences is essential for building positive relationships and avoiding cultural misunderstandings.Despite these differences, there are also many similarities between Chinese people and Westerners. Both cultures value family, education, hard work, and respect for elders. Both cultures have rich histories, traditions, and customs that have shaped their identities. By recognizing and appreciating these shared values and beliefs, individuals from different cultural backgrounds can engage in meaningful and respectful interactions.In conclusion, the cultural differences between Chinese people and Westerners are significant and influence various aspects of life. Understanding and respecting these differences are essential for building positive relationships and navigating cross-cultural interactions. By acknowledging and appreciating the unique perspectives, values, and customs of each culture, individuals can bridge the gap between Chinese and Western cultures and foster mutual understanding and respect.篇2Cultural differences between Chinese and Western peopleCulture plays a significant role in shaping the way people think, behave, and interact with each other. There are many differences between Chinese and Western cultures, which lead to diverse lifestyles and social norms. In this essay, we will explore some of the key differences between Chinese and Western cultures.One of the most notable differences between Chinese and Western cultures is the concept of individualism versus collectivism. Western cultures, such as those in the United States and Europe, place a strong emphasis on individuality and independence. People are encouraged to pursue their own goals and aspirations, even if it means going against the norms of society.In contrast, Chinese culture values collectivism, where the needs of the group are placed above the needs of the individual. People are expected to conform to the expectations of their family and community, and to prioritize harmony and social cohesion over personal desires. This can be seen in the emphasis on filial piety in Chinese culture, where children are expected to obey and respect their parents and elders.Another key difference between Chinese and Western cultures is the perception of time. Western cultures tend to valuepunctuality and efficiency, with schedules and deadlines being strictly adhered to. Time is seen as a limited resource that must be managed carefully.In contrast, Chinese culture has a more fluid concept of time, with less emphasis on strict schedules and deadlines. People in China are more likely to prioritize relationships and social interactions over punctuality, leading to a more relaxed approach to time management.The concept of face is another important cultural difference between Chinese and Western people. Face refers to a person's reputation and social standing, which is highly valued in Chinese culture. People in China are careful to avoid causing others to lose face, and will go to great lengths to maintain their own reputation.In contrast, Western cultures tend to place less emphasis on face and more emphasis on honesty and individualism. People in the West are more likely to speak their minds and express their opinions, even if it means causing offense to others.Food is another area where Chinese and Western cultures differ significantly. Chinese cuisine tends to be more diverse and includes a wide range of flavors and ingredients. Rice andnoodles are staple foods in China, and meals are often shared with a large group of people.In contrast, Western cuisine is more focused on meat and potatoes, with a greater emphasis on personal portions and individual meals. Westerners tend to eat quickly and on the go, while Chinese people prefer to sit down and enjoy a leisurely meal with others.In conclusion, the cultural differences between Chinese and Western people are vast and complex. These differences shape the way people think, behave, and interact with each other, and can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. By understanding and respecting these differences, we can bridge the gap between cultures and foster greater understanding and cooperation.篇3Cultural Differences between Chinese and WesternersIntroductionCulture plays a significant role in shaping the behavior, beliefs, and values of individuals. The cultural differences between Chinese and Westerners are evident in various aspects such as communication style, social interactions, etiquette, and values. Understanding and appreciating these differences canhelp foster better relationships and communication between the two groups.Communication StyleOne of the key differences between Chinese and Westerners is their communication style. In Chinese culture, communication is often indirect, with an emphasis on non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice. Confucian values of harmony and respect for authority also influence Chinese communication style, leading to a more formal and polite approach.On the other hand, Westerners tend to value direct communication, prioritizing clarity and honesty in their interactions. They are more likely to express their thoughts and opinions openly, even if it means being blunt or confrontational. This difference in communication style can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts between Chinese and Westerners.Social InteractionsIn terms of social interactions, Chinese culture places a strong emphasis on collectivism and community harmony. Chinese people are more likely to prioritize the needs of thegroup over their individual desires and are expected to maintain harmonious relationships with others. This can be seen in the importance of family relationships, respect for elders, and the concept of "face" in Chinese culture.In contrast, Western culture tends to emphasize individualism and personal autonomy. Westerners value personal freedom and independence, and are more likely to prioritize their own needs and desires over those of the group. This difference in social orientation can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts in cross-cultural interactions.EtiquetteEtiquette norms also vary between Chinese and Western cultures. For example, in Chinese culture, it is considered rude to speak loudly in public or to interrupt someone while they are speaking. Chinese people also value modesty and humility, and may downplay their achievements or talents in social situations.In Western culture, on the other hand, it is common to express oneself openly and assertively. Westerners may be more likely to engage in debate or disagreement as a way of expressing their ideas and opinions. Additionally, Westerners tend to value self-promotion and may openly discuss their accomplishments and abilities.ValuesValues represent another area where Chinese and Western cultures diverge. Chinese culture tends to place a strong emphasis on tradition, respect for authority, and filial piety. Chinese people are expected to uphold family values, maintain social harmony, and show reverence for their ancestors.In contrast, Western culture values individualism, freedom, and self-expression. Westerners prioritize personal fulfillment, independence, and self-actualization, and may place less emphasis on tradition and hierarchy. This can lead to differences in attitudes towards work, relationships, and society as a whole.ConclusionThe cultural differences between Chinese and Westerners are complex and multifaceted, spanning communication style, social interactions, etiquette, and values. While these differences can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts, they also offer opportunities for mutual learning and growth. By understanding and respecting each other's cultural norms, Chinese and Westerners can form stronger relationships and bridge the gap between their two distinct cultural traditions.。
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• This article explores potential features of translational Chinese on the basis of two balanced monolingual comparable corpora of translated and native Mandarin Chinese.
3.2 Corpus annotation
• The ZCTC corpus is annotated using ICTCLAS2008. This annotation tool integrates word tokenization, named entity identification, unknown word recognition, as well as part-of-speech (POS) tagging.
• It appears that lexical density defined by Stubbs measures informational load whereas the STTR is a measure of lexical variability, as reflected by the different ways they are computed. • As for the mean sentence length, it appears that mean sentence length is more sensitive to genre variation than being a reliable indicator of native versus translational language.
2.2 Simplification
• Simplification refers to “the tendency to simplify the language used in translation”. • The simplification hypothesis is controversial. It has been contested by subsequent studies of collocations, lexical use, and syntax.
How different is translated Chinese from native Chinese?
A corpus-based study of translation universals*
• Corpus-based translation studies focus on translation as a product by comparing comparable corpora of translational and non-translational texts. However, research of translated English is closely related to European languages. It is of vital importance to find supporting evidence from non-European languages. Hence, we choose the “genetically” distinct language pairs such as English and Chinese.
4.1 Lexical density and mean sentence length
• Two commonly measures of lexical density: • Stubbs-the ratio between the number of lexical words (content words) and the total number of words • Type-token ratio (TTR)-the ratio between the number of types (unique words) and the number of tokens (running words) • Standardized type-token ratio (STTR)
2.3 Normalization
• Normalization, which is also called “conventionalization” in the literature, refers to the “tendency to exaggerate features of the target language and to conform to its typical patterns”. • Like simplification, normalization is also a debatable hypothesis.
• Section 1. Background • Section 2.First reviews research of the features of translational language • Section 3. Introduce the newly created ZJU Corpus of Translational Chinese (ZCTC) • Section 4. Presents a number of case studies. • Section 5. Conclusion
• TEC (Translational English corpus) • Perhaps the only publicly available corpus of translational English. They have provided evidence to support the hypotheses of translation universals in translated English, most noticeably simplification, explicitation, sanitization, and normalization.
2.4 Other translation universals
• Sanitization-reduced connotational meaning • Leveling out-or convergence, refers to the tendency of translated text to gravitate towards the centre of a continuum” • “Under-representation”-is also known as “unique items hypothesis”
2. Translation universals: A review
• An important area of Descriptive Translation Studies is the hypothesis of so-called translation universals and its related sub-hypotheses, which are sometimes referred to as the inherent features of translational language, or “translationese”.
1. Introduction
• DTS (Descriptive Translation Studies) • It is concerned with describing translaation as a product, by comparing corpora of translated and non-translational native texts in the target language, esp. translated and native English.
2.1 Explicitation
• Formulated by Blum-Kulka. • It relates to the tendency in translations to “spell things out rather thag. Chen presents a corpus-based study of connectives, namely conjunctions and sentential adverbials, in a “composite corpus” composed of English source tests and their two Chinese versions independently.
• TUs (translation universals) • The features of translational language that have been reported on the basis of translated English are to be generalized as “translation universals”. • TU hypotheses that are concerned with features of translational language as the “third code” of translation, which is supposed to be different from both source and target languages.
3.1 Corpus design
• The ZJU Corpus of Translational Chinese (ZCTC) was created with the explicit aim of studying the features of translated Chinese in relation to non-translated native Chinese.