定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况
必修第一册 Unit 5 长难句分析-2023年高考英语一轮复习

中国以其古老的文明而闻名,尽管历史上 有许多起起伏伏,但它一直延续到现代。
长难句理解
定语从 句
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
and characters. 定语从句
现在分词做结果状语
这些年来,这个系统发展成了不同的形式,因为在 这个时代,人们在地理上被分割,从而产生了许多 不同的方言和文字。
as
1、as...as的用法
as...as意为"和……一样",表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as 为副词,第二个as为连词。其基本结构为:as+adj./adv.+as。例如: (1)Your pen writes as smoothly as mine. (2)This film is as interesting as that one. 其否定式为not as/so+adj./adv.+as。 This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 若有修饰成分,如twice,three times,half,a quarter等,则须置于第一 个as之前。 Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.
并列连 词
造成这种情况的原因有很多,但其中 一个主要因素是汉语书写系统。
长难句理解
定语从 句
It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
定语从句2.较难用法--介词加关系代词等

I.定语从句的定义和分类在复合句中修饰名词和代词的句子,(相当于形容词)。
分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语,而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明,如果去掉主句意思仍然清楚。
非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。
II. 定语从句考点归纳:1. 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
1)that, 指人或物:Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?The finger(that)I put into my mouth was not the one(that)I had dipped into the cup. 2)which, 指物:A chest’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. (做主语)The film(which)we saw last night was wonderful. (宾语)3) who, whom, whose, 指人,分别做主语、宾语和定语:The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.Who’s the man(whom)you just talked to?This is the room whose window faces south.4)介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前,也在后;在后时可用who, that,也可省略:This is the room in which we lived last year. = This is the room(which / that)we lived in last year.Who’s the comrade with whom you just shook hands?= Who’s the comrade (who / whom / that)you just shook hands with?2. 关系副词:when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
定语从句不用that的情况

定语从句不用that的情况定语从句不用that的情况定语从句中比较容易处理方面是,定语从句中“that”多可省略,表现为关系代词作宾语的情况,下面是店铺给大家整理的定语从句不用that的情况的相关内容,希望能给你带来帮助!(一)定语从句不用that的情况1、不能用that的情况介词前置时;非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who,不用that的情况先行词为anyone,one,ones时;先行词为those,he和people时;这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom),that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。
在从句中所起作用如下:(1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2)He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见到的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher. 刚刚和你说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。
(whom在从句中作宾语)注:who在定语从句中指人,作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略;做及物动词或介词的宾语,可省略。
which,that 用来指物(有六种情况只可用that而不用which)(用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略),例如:(1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which/that在从句中作主语)(2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to comeunwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
定语从句语法知识点总结

例:
注当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰主句内容时,若as或which作主语,则从句的谓语动词用单数形式;
例:
介词+关系代词
1、当介词在关系代词前面时,关系代词只能whic指物,whom指人;且关系代词不能省略;
例:
2、“介词+which/whom+不定式”结构;
例:
1、当先行词是way且译为“方式,方法”时,引导定语从句的关系词有一下三种情况:
例:
四、注意time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是time,且作“次数”讲时,应用关系代词that引导定语从句,that可省略;
例:
2、若time作“一段时间”讲时,应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句
例:
3、…such…as…;such代词“这样的人或物”as在从句中修饰such
例:
区别
1、引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后;
例:
例:
2、当定语从句放在主句后面时并不是as就永远等于which
⑴当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定意义时;只用which;
例:
⑴as仍然保持做连词的某种意义
例:
⑵从句中行为动词是主动语态,一般用which做主语;
例:
Which
As即可以引导限制定语从句又可以引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语
1、在非限制性定语从句中,只用which不用that;
例:
1、Such+名词+as…像…一样的,像…之类的…
例:
2、当动词短语中的介词提前时,只用which不用that;
例:
(完整版)“介词+关系代词”中介词的确定方法

一行二动三意义纵观10年来各地高考试题对定语从句的考查,越来越突出能力立意,通过一系列的增元、减员,前置等变换手段来考查.定语从句中关于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分头疼的一大难题。
之所以难,主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
应对“介词+关系代词”中介词如何选则这一难题,笔者根据教学经验,总结出一套行之有效的秘诀:“一先二动三意义”.一、一先,即先杀先行词。
从先行词下手。
介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。
杀题背景:当先行词往往是那些表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词时,它们与介词之间有一定的固定联系,多用这种方法。
(比如时间常和on; in、by搭配,地点常用on; in; at,原因用for,方式用in; by; with等等) eg: The pencil _____C__he used to write is broken。
A. in which B. by which C。
with which D。
with that解题:考的是“介词+关系代词”结构,关系代词指物的话用which,指人whom,先把D选项排除了。
剩下这三项选择哪个呢?我们先从先行词下手,pencil是工具范畴,介词搭配一般用with,选择C。
【牛刀小试】Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___A___ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东卷) A。
in which B. by which C. which 解题:when 引导时间状语从句“在那个情景中,人被老虎吃掉"。
先行词scene情景,场合,属于“时间,地点”类型的词。
符合我们杀题三部曲之第一部曲的杀题背景。
我们说在情景中,在场合下,搭配的介词是in ,in the scenes 选择A .二、杀题第二部曲-———二动。
定语从句语法归纳

高一定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念(一)定语从句在复合句中作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
(二)先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下,定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
(三)关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切,因此紧跟先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有:who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外,as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有:when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法(一)基本用法根据先行词的不同,和在从句中所充当的成分不同,选用不同的关系代词。
例如:(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分)①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? (作主语)②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. (作主语)③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语)④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. (作宾语)⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. (作定语)注意:关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。
(见上例③④)(二)关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时,一般可以通用。
when,where,why引导的定语从句的用法

when,where,why引导的定语从句的用法when,where,why引导的定语从句的用法想要掌握定语从句,需要掌握引导词的用法,下面是店铺分享给大家的when,where,why引导的定语从句的用法,希望对大家有帮助。
when,where,why引导的定语从句的用法篇1when, where, why属于关系副词,都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语,其具体用法如下:1.关系副词 when引导定语从句(包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中充当时间状语。
例如: I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。
// Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下个月即将来临,届时你们将在家乡度暑假。
2. 关系副词where引导定语从句(包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)修饰表示地点的先行词,在定语从句中充当地点状语。
例如: This is the office where he worked. 这就是他工作过的办公室。
// She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳门去定居,在那里她有几个密友。
3. 关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语。
例如: I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。
// That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。
// He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱。
定语从句中介词+关系词的用法

介词+关系代词”引导定语从句是我们学习定语从句的重点,也是高考的常考点。
学习这种从句应注意以下几点:1. 用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物)和whom(指人)。
在这种结构中,介词的选择非常关键,可以遵循以下四个原则:(1)根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词,其动词与介词搭配,构成动词短语。
例如:Is this the car for which you paid a high price? (pay for)这是你花大价钱买的车吗?I n the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. (turn to sb. for help)在黑暗的街上,她找不到一个人来帮助她。
The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. (shake hands with sb. )刚才你和他握手的那个人是我们的英语老师。
(2)根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词,其形容词与介词搭配,构成形容词短语。
例如:The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about)马克思没有把握的两件事是:语法和习惯用法。
The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr Wang, our English teacher. (be popular with)在我们班,深受学生欢迎的是王老师--我们的英语老师。
(3)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词,其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词,它们与介词之间有一定的联系。
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定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况关系代词whom或which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前构成介词+关系代词whom (先行词指人)/which(先行词指物)引导定语从句(这种方法更为正式)。
例: Mary is the girl whom I borrowed a book from. = Mary is the girl from whom I borrowed a book. 玛丽就是我向她借书的那个女孩。
Is this the room that/which he once lived in? = Is this the room in which he once lived? 这是他曾经住过的房子吗?
常见的有以下几种情况:
1. where=in/on which 例:
This is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。
I can see the playground where / on which they do sports.我能看见他们进行运动的操场。
2. when= on/in/at which 例:
I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。
I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。
I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。
3. why=for which 例:
This is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。
但下列情况下介词不能提前:
⑴用who代替whom,用that代替which时,介词不能提前。
例:
He's the boy who I learned English from.这是我向他学英语的男孩。
This should be the place that Tom sent the parcel to. 这应是汤姆送包裹的地方。
⑵当whom、which省去时介词不能提前。
例:
Is he the boy you went there with?他是和你一起去那儿的男孩吗?
This is the room he lived in. 这是他住过的房间。
⑶当whom, which作为含有介词的动词短语的宾语时,介词一般来说不能拆开提前。
例: You're the very man whom I'm looking for. 你正是我在找的那个人。
This is the program which he listened to. 这就是他听过的节目。
再看下面几种结构:
(一)介词+whose引导的定语从句
whose引导定语从句时,可出现创新句型:介词+whose引导定语从句。
解这种定语从句时需弄清从句的动词与先行词、whose后边的名词及定语从句主语之间的关系,并发挥合理想象,不难发现其中正确的逻辑关系。
例:
She is the girl to whose father I talked yesterday. 她就是昨天我和其父亲谈话的女孩。
He is the boy for whose boss I work. 他就是我为其老板打工的男孩。
(二)复杂介词+whom/which引导定语从句
I stay at the hotel at the back of which is a small garden. 我住在后面有一座花园的旅馆。
(三)数词(不定量数词)/ 含所属关系名词+of whom/which引导定语从句。
例:
She has many books, only one of which is interesting. 她有许多书,只有一本是有趣的。