介词+关系代词型定语从句中介词的选择
高考英语定语从句讲解
高中定语从句 1
高中定语从句 4
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用 来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定 语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 提示： 关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 I gave her all the money that I had. 我把我所有的钱都给了她。 （that 连接先行词 money 和定语从句 I had） 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 The man who lives next door is a famous teacher. 住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。 （who 替代 the man） 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 I like pictures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style. 我喜欢传统的 中国画。 （which 在定语从句中作主语）
高中定语从句 3
和我一起工作的人都很友好。 （定语从句修饰先行词 the people） Mr. Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan. Mr. Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan. 昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。 （非限制性定语 从句中不能用 who 代替 whom） Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. 两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。 （在介词后面不用 who） C． Whose 人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往 往是从属关系。 There are some people whose faces you can never forget. 有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。 （定语从句修饰先行词 people） I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air. 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。 （定语从句修饰行词 trees） D． Which 1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。 English is a language which is easy to learn. 英语是一门容易学的语言。 （which 在定语从句中作主语，不能省略） The children like cookies (which) my wife makes. 孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。(关系代词 which 作 makes 的宾语，可以省略) 2． which 引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于 and this。 Jim passed his driving test, which surprised everybody. 吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这使大家都感到惊讶。 （定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而 不是 the driving test） Sheila couldn't come to the party, which was a pity. 希拉不能来参加聚会，真遗憾。 （定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是 the party） 3．which 在非限制性定语从句中有时也可以作定语。 John stayed here for a week, during which time we visited the West Lake together. 约翰在这里呆了一星期，在此期间我们一起游了西湖。 It might snow this weekend, in which case we won't go to Beijing. 周末可能下雪，在这种情况下，我们就不去北京了。 E． That 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或 宾语（做宾语时常可省略） 。 He is the man that lives next door.
知识点-介词+which引导定语从句
“介词+which”引导定语从句
【二、as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析】
4. as作从属连词用时，可以引导五种状语从句。现归纳如下：
1). as表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，多强调主 句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生，从句可放在主句前，也 可放在主句后。例如： As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候，我听到一个很大的声响。 She rose up as he entered. 当他进来时，她站了起来。
“介词+which”引导定语从句
【二、as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析】
3. 只能用as引导的非限定性定语从句
1) 置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导。 2) 在the same...as 结构中，意思是“像……那样的”。例如 Chongqing is not the same city as we have seen in other places. 3)在as...as结构中，意思是“像……那样的”。例如： No period in history has had as many important changes as have taken place in the past century.
“介词+which”引导定语从句
【二、as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析】
2). as表示“因为”、“由于”，引导原因状语从句，其语气 不如because强，通常为附加说明的理由，且是已知晓的原因， 主句与从句没有逻辑上的因果关系。
As she was not well, I went there alone. 因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。 As he is a tailor, he knows what to do with this material. 由于他是个裁缝，他知道怎样利用这块布料。
定语从句 知识讲解 “介词+关系代词”的用法
介词+关系词怎么用？介词加关系词分别等于什么？答：一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。
例如：Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?●使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点：(一)选用介词的依据：(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
例如：Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
例如：The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。
例如：The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。
例如：I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.(二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。
例如：The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)(三)“of which / whom”有时可以用“whose＋名词”结构来改写。
“介词+关系代词”中介词的选用
“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选用定语从句是高一英语语法的重难点，同时又是高考必考热点之一。
纵观10年来各地高考试题对定语从句的考查，越来越突出能力立意。
定语从句中关于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分头疼的一大难题。
之所以难，主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
而介词的选用是有一定规律的，同学们只要掌握了这些规律，解题时就可迎刃而解，举一反三了。
一、根据定语从句中的线索来选用介词这线索可以是：1.定语从句中的短语动词这是主要线索，所选介词需与动词搭配。
例如：⑴ She paid the man from whom she had borrowed some money.(=She paid the man．She had borrowed some money from him．)（borrow sth．from sb．意思是“向某人借东西”）⑵ In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.(NMET 1992)（turn to sb．for help，意思是“求某人帮助”）在这一句式结构中，句中的介词与从句的谓语动词有一定的搭配关系。
介词可用于关系代词之前，但先行词若指人，关系代词必须用whom，不能用who或that；若指物必须用which，不能用that。
介词也可以置于从句谓语动词之后，这时，句中关系代词用who，whom，that均可，指物可用which或that，并均可省略。
例如：The middle-aged woman to whom I spoke just now is my English teacher．[=The middle-aged （womanwho/whom/that) I spoke to just now is my English teacher．]2．定语从句中的形容词短语所选介词与形容词构成短语。
_如何选择定语从句“介词+关系代词”中的介词()-高一上必修第一册
Summary
如何判断介词？
1）、看定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配 2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 3）根据先行词判断
高中英语一年级语法
如何选择定语从句“介词+关系代词”中的介词
观察下列定语从句：
1.I’ll never forget the day when I joined
the league.
on
when= ______ which
2.This is the house where I lived two
years ago.
1. This is the hero ___o__f_ whom we are proud.
be proud of
2.He referred me to some reference books w__it_h___ which I am not very familiar.
be familiar with
be interested in
2）、看从句中形容词与介词的搭配
3) , 根据先行词判断
1. Can you tell me the office __in___ which he
works?
He works
in
____
the office.
2.We saw a big table_o_n__ which there were many books.
Exercise: 用介词填空
1. I disagree with the facts ___o_n__ which your argument is based. be based on
定语从句关系词的选择
四．关系词的选择1．在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who 指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。
2．关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。
如：Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?The pencil (which/that) he was writing with suddenly broke.3．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：(1) 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。
如：All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2) 当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。
如：We heard clearly every word that he said.(3) 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
如：The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4) 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时，如：Is that the best that you can do?That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5) 当先行词被the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。
(完整版)“介词+关系代词”中介词的确定方法
一行二动三意义纵观10年来各地高考试题对定语从句的考查，越来越突出能力立意，通过一系列的增元、减员，前置等变换手段来考查.定语从句中关于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分头疼的一大难题。
之所以难，主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
应对“介词+关系代词”中介词如何选则这一难题，笔者根据教学经验,总结出一套行之有效的秘诀:“一先二动三意义”.一、一先,即先杀先行词。
从先行词下手。
介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。
杀题背景：当先行词往往是那些表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词时,它们与介词之间有一定的固定联系，多用这种方法。
(比如时间常和on; in、by搭配，地点常用on; in; at，原因用for，方式用in； by; with等等) eg： The pencil _____C__he used to write is broken。
A. in which B. by which C。
with which D。
with that解题:考的是“介词+关系代词”结构，关系代词指物的话用which,指人whom，先把D选项排除了。
剩下这三项选择哪个呢？我们先从先行词下手，pencil是工具范畴,介词搭配一般用with，选择C。
【牛刀小试】Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___A___ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东卷） A。
in which B. by which C. which 解题：when 引导时间状语从句“在那个情景中，人被老虎吃掉"。
先行词scene情景，场合，属于“时间，地点”类型的词。
符合我们杀题三部曲之第一部曲的杀题背景。
我们说在情景中，在场合下，搭配的介词是in ，in the scenes 选择A .二、杀题第二部曲-———二动。
定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法
定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法定语从句是指用来修饰名词或代词的从句，在英语语法中有丰富多样的用法。
其中，当介词与关系代词相结合时，就构成了定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法。
在这种结构中，介词在定语从句中起到特定的作用，而关系代词则在从句中充当连接词。
常用的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
介词在定语从句中主要有以下几种情况的用法。
1. 介词+关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可以放在关系代词之前或之后。
例如：- The book which I am looking for is on the table.- The book for which I am looking is on the table.2. 介词+关系代词在从句中作宾语时，如果介词是短语动词的一部分，介词只能放在关系代词之后。
例如：- That is the man whom I am talking about.- That is the man about whom I am talking.3. 介词+关系代词在从句中作定语时，关系代词的选择要根据介词的要求而定。
例如：- The book on which I am working is very challenging.- The house in which she lives is beautiful.4. 当关系代词是物格形式（whom），介词可以前置到关系代词之前。
例如：- The person to whom I gave the book is my friend.- The person whom I gave the book to is my friend.需要注意的是，在口语中，人们往往更倾向于使用介词后置的形式，即将介词放在关系代词后面。
同时，有时候可以使用介词+which来替代介词+关系代词的结构，这种形式更加简洁。
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介词+关系代词
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一．介词选择的主要标准
1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配
Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )
The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. )
The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )
The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job )
2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配
Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. )
Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
(suffer from sth. )
3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配
Ours is a beautiful country , of which we are greatly proud . 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家，我们为之感到很自豪。
( be proud of )
The woman to whom Spielberg is married is an actress. 同斯皮尔伯格结婚的女人是一位演员。
( be married to )
The West Lake , for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. 西湖很美，杭州以西湖而闻名。
( be famous for )
The woman to whom he was engaged was a doctor. 他与之订婚的那个女士是位医生。
(be engaged to )
4.有时关系代词前用什么介词，要根据句子的意思来决定，此时不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配
I was a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was , she had ran back in the direction from which she had come.看见一位妇女在黑暗中像我走来，我还没来得及认清她是谁，她已经从她来的方向跑回去了。
（如果仅注意先行词，很容易受习惯心里的影响而使用in this direction 的搭配，但考虑到语境后的come ，则应该使用from。
）He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University. 他在当地一所高中上学，之后他上了北京大学。
（after which 的意思就是“在当地一所高中接受完教育之后”）。
In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm. by which time many
have got home.在办公室我好像总是没时间，只有等到下午五点半，而那个时候大家都已经回家了。
（此句不能受at 5:30 pm 的通常表达的影响而选用介词at, 而应该依据整个句子的语意来确定介词。
）
5.表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时，用介词of
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.这次环球旅行老水手用了9个月，其中航行的时间是226天。
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这个工厂每年生产50万双鞋，其中的（指50万双鞋）80%销往海外。
I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany.我被告知这个学校有大约50个外国学生在学习中文，其中大多数来自德国。
I have many friends,of whom some are businessmen. 我有很多朋友，其中有些是生意人。
二．介词不能提前的情况
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可以提前放在which（指事物不能用that）或者whom(指人不能用who)之前，也可放于原来的位置，但在含有介词的动词固定短语中，由于动词和介词的关系比较紧密，一般不能将介词与动词拆开而将介词提到关系代词之前。
这类短语动词有listen to/look at/depend on/take care of/look into/break into/get rid of/look forward to等。
This is the room which/that Lu Xun used to live in.(=This is the room in which Lu Xun used to live.)这是鲁迅曾经住过的房间。
The man。