定语从句中的介词问题
定语从句 知识讲解 “介词+关系代词”的用法
介词+关系词怎么用？介词加关系词分别等于什么？答：一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。
例如：Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?●使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点：(一)选用介词的依据：(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
例如：Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
例如：The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。
例如：The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。
例如：I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.(二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。
例如：The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)(三)“of which / whom”有时可以用“whose＋名词”结构来改写。
定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况
定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况关系代词whom或which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前构成介词+关系代词whom (先行词指人)/which(先行词指物)引导定语从句(这种方法更为正式)。
例: Mary is the girl whom I borrowed a book from. = Mary is the girl from whom I borrowed a book. 玛丽就是我向她借书的那个女孩。
Is this the room that/which he once lived in? = Is this the room in which he once lived? 这是他曾经住过的房子吗?常见的有以下几种情况:1. where=in/on which 例:This is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。
I can see the playground where / on which they do sports.我能看见他们进行运动的操场。
2. when= on/in/at which 例:I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。
I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。
I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。
3. why=for which 例:This is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。
但下列情况下介词不能提前:⑴用who代替whom,用that代替which时,介词不能提前。
“介词+关系代词”中介词的选用
“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选用定语从句是高一英语语法的重难点，同时又是高考必考热点之一。
纵观10年来各地高考试题对定语从句的考查，越来越突出能力立意。
定语从句中关于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分头疼的一大难题。
之所以难，主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
而介词的选用是有一定规律的，同学们只要掌握了这些规律，解题时就可迎刃而解，举一反三了。
一、根据定语从句中的线索来选用介词这线索可以是：1.定语从句中的短语动词这是主要线索，所选介词需与动词搭配。
例如：⑴ She paid the man from whom she had borrowed some money.(=She paid the man．She had borrowed some money from him．)（borrow sth．from sb．意思是“向某人借东西”）⑵ In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.(NMET 1992)（turn to sb．for help，意思是“求某人帮助”）在这一句式结构中，句中的介词与从句的谓语动词有一定的搭配关系。
介词可用于关系代词之前，但先行词若指人，关系代词必须用whom，不能用who或that；若指物必须用which，不能用that。
介词也可以置于从句谓语动词之后，这时，句中关系代词用who，whom，that均可，指物可用which或that，并均可省略。
例如：The middle-aged woman to whom I spoke just now is my English teacher．[=The middle-aged （womanwho/whom/that) I spoke to just now is my English teacher．]2．定语从句中的形容词短语所选介词与形容词构成短语。
定语从句介词加关系代词用法
定语从句介词加关系代词用法在定语从句中，介词加关系代词的用法如下：1.关系代词在介词前：当关系代词作为定语从句的主语时，介词通常放在关系代词的前面。
例如：- The man whom I spoke to is my boss.（我与之交谈的那个人是我的老板。
）- The book that I am looking for is on the table.（我要找的那本书在桌子上。
）2.关系代词在介词后：当关系代词作为定语从句的宾语时，介词通常放在关系代词的后面。
例如：- The house which he lives in is very old.（他住在的那栋房子很旧。
）- The car that she is interested in is not available.（她感兴趣的那辆车不可用。
）需要注意的是，当介词后的关系代词是which时，可以省略介词。
例如：- The city which I was born in is famous for its architecture.（我出生的那座城市以其建筑而闻名。
）- The city I was born in is famous for its architecture.（我出生的那座城市以其建筑而闻名。
）同时，也可以通过适当拓展定语从句来提供更多信息：- The man whom I spoke to yesterday, in the cafe near my office, is my boss.（昨天我在我办公室附近的咖啡馆里与之交谈的那个人是我的老板。
）- The book that I am looking for, which is a bestseller,is on the table.（我正在找的那本畅销书就在桌子上。
）。
定语从句介词提前用法
定语从句介词提前用法定语从句是英语中非常重要的一种语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述或限定其所指的对象。
而介词提前则是定语从句中常用的一种表达方式，它可以使句子更加简洁明了，也更符合英语语言的表达习惯。
介词提前的用法可以通过以下例句来理解：1. The book on the table, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.这句话中，介词on被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词table。
定语从句的主语是I，谓语是borrowed，关系代词which指代的是book。
2. The girl in the red dress, whom I met yesterday, is my new neighbor.这句话中，介词in被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词dress。
定语从句的主语是I，谓语是met，关系代词whom指代的是girl。
3. The man with the beard, whose car was stolen, reported thetheft to the police.这句话中，介词with被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词beard。
定语从句的主语是car，谓语是was stolen，关系代词whose指代的是man。
通过以上例句可以看出，介词提前的用法可以使定语从句更加简洁明了，同时也可以使句子的语气更加自然流畅。
在实际应用中，我们可以根据需要灵活运用介词提前的用法，使句子更加优美。
除了介词提前，定语从句还有其他的表达方式，比如关系代词的省略、关系代词的替换等。
在使用定语从句时，我们需要注意以下几点：1. 关系代词的选择：在定语从句中，关系代词的选择要根据其在从句中所扮演的角色来确定。
比如，主语要用who或that，宾语要用whom或that，所有格要用whose等。
2. 关系代词的位置：在定语从句中，关系代词的位置要放在从句中所修饰的名词或代词之后，这样才能清晰地表达出其所指代的对象。
定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法
定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法定语从句是指用来修饰名词或代词的从句，在英语语法中有丰富多样的用法。
其中，当介词与关系代词相结合时，就构成了定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法。
在这种结构中，介词在定语从句中起到特定的作用，而关系代词则在从句中充当连接词。
常用的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
介词在定语从句中主要有以下几种情况的用法。
1. 介词+关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可以放在关系代词之前或之后。
例如：- The book which I am looking for is on the table.- The book for which I am looking is on the table.2. 介词+关系代词在从句中作宾语时，如果介词是短语动词的一部分，介词只能放在关系代词之后。
例如：- That is the man whom I am talking about.- That is the man about whom I am talking.3. 介词+关系代词在从句中作定语时，关系代词的选择要根据介词的要求而定。
例如：- The book on which I am working is very challenging.- The house in which she lives is beautiful.4. 当关系代词是物格形式（whom），介词可以前置到关系代词之前。
例如：- The person to whom I gave the book is my friend.- The person whom I gave the book to is my friend.需要注意的是，在口语中，人们往往更倾向于使用介词后置的形式，即将介词放在关系代词后面。
同时，有时候可以使用介词+which来替代介词+关系代词的结构，这种形式更加简洁。
定语从句的介词用法
定语从句的介词用法一些引导宾语的介词和短语动词中介词的位置问题,常使一些学生大惑不解。
现在一起来看看定语从句介词的用法吧！1.语法作用：“介词＋关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语：（1）表示地点，时间和原因的“介词＋which”分别相当于 where，when，why。
I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned. （SEFC 2A L. 55）（＝I have found the book. The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it. ）The earth on which ／where we live is a planet.I”ll never forget the day on which ／when I joined the League.I know a wood in which ／where you can find roses.Is there any reason for which ／why you should have a holiday？（2）way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。
I really don”t like the way that he talks.That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.Do it the way I showed you.2. “of ＋which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose（用来指物），其词序通常是“n. ＋of which”。
They live in a house whose door ／the door of which opens to the south.He”s written a book whose name ／the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.3. 可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed. （SEFC 2A L. 55）We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease. （SEFC 2A L. 55）4. 介词的选择（选择介词时须考虑下列情况）1）介词与先行词的习惯搭配There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth. （SEFC 2A L. 55）（in与way是习惯搭配）2）介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配These are the wires with which different machines are connected. （be connected with是习惯搭配）The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny. （be familiar with是习惯搭配）3）同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。
带介词的定语从句解释
介词+ 【1 】which/whom 引诱的定语从句1．在“介词+which/whom”构造中,关系代词用which 照样用whom ,取决于它前面的先行词是物照样人.先行词是物, 用which ; 若为人,就用whom .如：(1)Nearby were two ships in which they had come to theisland.(2)I can’t remember the name of the person to whom I gavethe money.2．这一构造用什么介词取决于先行词的意义和定语从句中谓语动词构造及“介词+which/whom”在句中的感化.(3)This is the room in which we lived last year.(4)There were three people from whom we attempted to findout information.3．因为含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面. 此种情形下关系代词可用which, that , who, whom , 或将他们省略.(5)Is this the book (which/that ) she was looking for?(6)The babies (whom /who/that) the nurse are looking afterare very healthy.4．暗示地点.时光和原因寄义的“介词+which”构造可分离用关系副词where, when 和why 调换.(7)The earth on which /where we live is a planet.(8)I’ll never forget the day on which /when I joined theLeague.(9)Is there any reason for which /why you should have aholiday?5．Of which可以代替whose 用来指物, 其词序一般为“名词+ of which”(10)They live in a house whose door/the door of which opensto the north.(11)He has written a book whose name /the name of which I’vecompletely forgotten.6．“庞杂介词 in front of, at the back of , on the top of, in the middle of 等+ which”构造可引诱非限制性定语从句.(12)He works in a factory, in front of which there is a river.(13)In the evening we arrived at a hill, at the foot of whichthere was a temple.7．“介词+which/ whom”构造中的which 和 whom 不克不及调换为that, 因为that 不克不及做介词宾语.假如用that ,介词必须重复到从句有关动词的后面去.(14)The room that/which he lives in is a small one.(15)The room in which he lives is a small one.8．在有定语从句的句子里,先行词way 后经常应用that 代替in which, 也可把that省略.（16）I really don’t like the way (that/ in which ) he talks.(17) Do it the way I showed you.带介词的定语从句翻译演习15句1.The girl for whom you bought the dress is in the hospital.2.The professor with whom you talked just now is in the office.3.The ice on which you skate must be very hard.4.The town around which I will show you is very beautiful.5.The satellite for which the rocket is built will be sent into space.6.The photos in which we found some information are kept in his box.7.The country from which this news is coming from is very rich.8.This is the river from which the electricity is made.9.This is the pilot from whom I got the pictures.10.The room in which we took pictures are dusty.11.There is a train by which you can go to Beijing.12.There is no way in which you can solve the problem.13.They went to the library from which they borrowed a lot ofbooks.14.We carefully examined the photo, in which we could see thesadness of the actor.15.The balloon in which we travelled was filled with hot air.。
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定语从句中的介词问题
形容词从句中的介词如何处理，大致可分三种情况。
1.属于: of which/whom = whose
The family lived in an old house.
The roof of the house had fallen in.
先行名词以“of +原词”、或“原词’s” 形式带入从句。
分别对应关系词为of which和whose+名词。
I had many false friends at that time.
One of them betrayed me. （背叛）
先行名词以“of + 原词（人）” 形式带入从句。
对应关系词of whom。
【注】who和whom唯一区别是——前有介词、后接whom。
2.时空: 介+which =where/when
Lin’an is a small city.
I was born in that city.
先行名词以“in + 原词（地点）” 形式带入从句。
对应关系词in which或where。
（我们也可以理解为：先行名词还是原词带入，只是因为介词提前了，所以用which）
【注】that不能代替which的两种情况：1、介词后；2、非限定从句、先行词为前面整个事件（句子）。
3.依此类推：基本原则是用关系词代替先行词，不要打扰介词！
The person should be here soon.
I'm doing the project with him.
先行名词以原词形式带入从句、with提前，只能用whom。
I’d like to thank my father.
I would not have succeeded without his support.
先行名词以“原词’s” 形式带入从句, 前面原本就有个介词without。
His first job is in a big bank.
He learnt a lot of information about financial management from the job.
先行名词以原词形式带入从句。
前面原本就有个介词from。
【技巧小结】
1.无论题目如何复杂，基本原则不变，即：关系词代替先行名词！
2.先行名词在原句中的作用：原词、属格（of型或“‘s“型）、介词宾语。
3.注意that和which、who和whom的适用条件区分。