初中中考词类和构词法(共25张PPT)
合集下载
构词法ppt课件

▪ (2)-al , -ful, -less, -ish , -ly, -y, -ary (用于名词 后)
▪ 例如:natural, national, additional, powerful, faithful, careful, careless, hopeless, helpless, childish, selfish, friendly, motherly, thirsty, noisy, secondary, imaginary, revolutionary
▪ (3) 其它名词后缀 ▪ -age, -ing (用于动词后) ▪ 例如:courage, storage, marriage , building, learning,
writing ▪ -dom (用于形容词或名词后) ▪ 例如:freedom, kingdom, wisdom ▪ -hood (用于名词后) ▪ 例如:childhood, fatherhood, manhood, neighborhood ▪ -en (用于表示材料的名词后) ▪ 例如:wooden, golden
▪ (2) -ment , -ance/ence, -ure, -ation/sion, -al (用于动词 后) , -ity, -th, -ty,-ness (用于形容词后), -ship (用于名词 后) 构成表示行为, 性质, 状态的抽象名词
▪ 例如:development, equipment, judgment , acceptance, confidence, difference, independence, failure, pressure, decision, preparation, translation, information, abbreviation, regulation recommendation, organization, operation, participation, conversation, globalization, innovation, expectation. refusal, arrival, survival, proposal, ability, reality, unity, length, truth, wealth, width, warmth, safety, darkness, kindness, friendship, scholarship, leadership, membership, hardship
▪ 例如:natural, national, additional, powerful, faithful, careful, careless, hopeless, helpless, childish, selfish, friendly, motherly, thirsty, noisy, secondary, imaginary, revolutionary
▪ (3) 其它名词后缀 ▪ -age, -ing (用于动词后) ▪ 例如:courage, storage, marriage , building, learning,
writing ▪ -dom (用于形容词或名词后) ▪ 例如:freedom, kingdom, wisdom ▪ -hood (用于名词后) ▪ 例如:childhood, fatherhood, manhood, neighborhood ▪ -en (用于表示材料的名词后) ▪ 例如:wooden, golden
▪ (2) -ment , -ance/ence, -ure, -ation/sion, -al (用于动词 后) , -ity, -th, -ty,-ness (用于形容词后), -ship (用于名词 后) 构成表示行为, 性质, 状态的抽象名词
▪ 例如:development, equipment, judgment , acceptance, confidence, difference, independence, failure, pressure, decision, preparation, translation, information, abbreviation, regulation recommendation, organization, operation, participation, conversation, globalization, innovation, expectation. refusal, arrival, survival, proposal, ability, reality, unity, length, truth, wealth, width, warmth, safety, darkness, kindness, friendship, scholarship, leadership, membership, hardship
中考英语复习语法知识词类、构词法、句法 课件

• any表示“任一,一些”,可修饰可数名词复数或不可 数名词,常用于疑问句和否定句,如:Do you have any plans for the weekend?
·词类:代词 不定代词
• none表示“没有一个,全无”,指代人或物,作主语 时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数,常搭配为none of, 如:None of us had a score above 60.
·词类:冠词 不定冠词a / a n
1、在元音音素前用an,在辅音音素前用a,如:an hour、 a house.
2、用于泛指人或物的身份或性质,如:My mother is a teacher. 3、用于代替弱化后的one“一”,如:She has an apple.
4、用于代替弱化后的per“每一”,如:People have three meals a day.
·词类:形容词 常用句型
①It+be+adj.+(of/for sb)+to do sth.如:It’s easy to read this book.
②Sb./Sth.+be+adj.+to do.如:His name is difficult to spell.
③Sb./Sth.+be+too+adj.+to do sth.如:He’s too young to go to school.
如:The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
·词类:代词 疑问代词
• what表示“什么”,对“物”进行提问,如:What are your reasons for leaving here?
·词类:代词 不定代词
• none表示“没有一个,全无”,指代人或物,作主语 时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数,常搭配为none of, 如:None of us had a score above 60.
·词类:冠词 不定冠词a / a n
1、在元音音素前用an,在辅音音素前用a,如:an hour、 a house.
2、用于泛指人或物的身份或性质,如:My mother is a teacher. 3、用于代替弱化后的one“一”,如:She has an apple.
4、用于代替弱化后的per“每一”,如:People have three meals a day.
·词类:形容词 常用句型
①It+be+adj.+(of/for sb)+to do sth.如:It’s easy to read this book.
②Sb./Sth.+be+adj.+to do.如:His name is difficult to spell.
③Sb./Sth.+be+too+adj.+to do sth.如:He’s too young to go to school.
如:The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
·词类:代词 疑问代词
• what表示“什么”,对“物”进行提问,如:What are your reasons for leaving here?
构词法(22张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

Europein..v.eTnhtioen 49
of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of
papermaking, but it was very useful in daily life.
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
6. Yesterday Jack tried paragliding and he enjoyed himself (him) very
much.
7. We held many activities to celebrate our country’s seventy-second
(seventy-two) birthday. 8. We had a wonderful (wonder) time last night.
构词法在阅读理解C篇中的应用 在配对阅读中,会出现左右栏同根词复现的情况。考生们在解答此题时,可利用
构词法找到语段之间的联系。
( G )64.Sam is a newcomer to
G.Fish live in water.A person who is in a
a high school.He feels a little
walk.
A. a three hour
B. a three hour’s
C. a three-hour
( B )9. A
player named Li Jianrou from China won a gold medal in 2014 Winter Olympics.
2020年中考英语构词法复习课件PPT模板

动词+ -ive (性质、倾向)
nature→natural, tradition→traditional
comfort→comfortable, believe→believable, change→changeable
home→homeless, hope→hopeless
wood→wooden, gold→golden
返回目录
第2部分 语法专题探究
名词+ -ful(充满)
名词/动词+ -ly 构 (状态、性质) 成
形 容 词
名词+ -y (状态、性质)
动词+ -ing
(特征、状态)
动词+ -ed (特征、状态)
success→successful, beauty→beautiful
friend→friendly, love→lovely, live→lively, day→daily, onth→monthly, year→yearly
uncomfortable;
“不、 非”, 表示 否定
dishonest, dislike,
disagree, disappear;
impossible, impolite; incorrect, indirect, incomplete, non-smoking
表示“坏(或) misunderstand, 错的(地)” mislead
act→active, collect →collective, create →creative
返回目录
第2部分 语法专题探究
构成 形容
词
构成 副词
名词+ -ous (性质、状态) 名词+ -ish (性质、状态)
形容词+ -ly
danger→dangerous
nature→natural, tradition→traditional
comfort→comfortable, believe→believable, change→changeable
home→homeless, hope→hopeless
wood→wooden, gold→golden
返回目录
第2部分 语法专题探究
名词+ -ful(充满)
名词/动词+ -ly 构 (状态、性质) 成
形 容 词
名词+ -y (状态、性质)
动词+ -ing
(特征、状态)
动词+ -ed (特征、状态)
success→successful, beauty→beautiful
friend→friendly, love→lovely, live→lively, day→daily, onth→monthly, year→yearly
uncomfortable;
“不、 非”, 表示 否定
dishonest, dislike,
disagree, disappear;
impossible, impolite; incorrect, indirect, incomplete, non-smoking
表示“坏(或) misunderstand, 错的(地)” mislead
act→active, collect →collective, create →creative
返回目录
第2部分 语法专题探究
构成 形容
词
构成 副词
名词+ -ous (性质、状态) 名词+ -ish (性质、状态)
形容词+ -ly
danger→dangerous
构词法(共29张PPT)

C Although my sister and I have a(n) 1. ________ different (differ) mother, we are 2. ________ certainly (certain) alike. This is not just a matter of 3. ___________ appearance (appear) though we are small with curly hair and have a tendency to overeat and put on weight. The resemblance goes much further than that. Throughout our 4. _________ childhood (child) we were brought up to be very adaptable and our 5. _______ ability (able) to accept change is another characteristic we share.
3. 合成代词 代词宾格/物主代词+ self/selves:herself, ourselves 某些不定代词some, any, every, no等+ body/one/thing:anyone, nothing 4. 合成介词 介词+介词:throughout, within
5. 合成副词 副词+名词:indoors, overhead, upstairs 介词+名词: beforehand(提前) 名词+形容词:sky-high 副词+介词:nearby 6. 合成动词 副词+动词:overhear, overwork, underline 名词+动词:moonwalk, sunbathe 形容词+动词:whitewash, safeguard
构词法(17张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

一二
13. ___L_u_c_k_i_ly(lucky), the 8th grade students in Changsha had a chance to work and study at the Social Practice Base in Lianhua Town. There, students learned to care about others and do outdoor physical practice in groups.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The south of China was _b_a_d__ly___(bad) affected by the rainstorm a short time ago. 2. Daniel often feels __s_le_e_p_y__(sleep) in class because he stays up late to do his homework every night. 3. We are not sure what caused the young girl’s _s_a_d_n_e_s_s_(sad). 4. Computers are an important _i_n_v_e_n_ti_o_n_(invent) for humans.
re self under over
再;又 自己;本身 在……下面 太多;过分
rethink, retell, recycle selfconfident, selfcontrol underline, underground overwork, oversize
(2)后缀
类别
后缀及含义
er, or, ess(女性) “人”
13. ___L_u_c_k_i_ly(lucky), the 8th grade students in Changsha had a chance to work and study at the Social Practice Base in Lianhua Town. There, students learned to care about others and do outdoor physical practice in groups.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The south of China was _b_a_d__ly___(bad) affected by the rainstorm a short time ago. 2. Daniel often feels __s_le_e_p_y__(sleep) in class because he stays up late to do his homework every night. 3. We are not sure what caused the young girl’s _s_a_d_n_e_s_s_(sad). 4. Computers are an important _i_n_v_e_n_ti_o_n_(invent) for humans.
re self under over
再;又 自己;本身 在……下面 太多;过分
rethink, retell, recycle selfconfident, selfcontrol underline, underground overwork, oversize
(2)后缀
类别
后缀及含义
er, or, ess(女性) “人”
初中英语构词法ppt课件

en + large adj. 大的 --- enlarge v. 扩大
7
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
后缀: 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变 化。
care v. 照料 --- careful adj. 细心的
(A)表示否定的前缀: un---unfair,unhappy non----nonsmoker (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in----inactive (常用在adj.后) dis----disagree, disappear,dislike im----impolite, impossible (用在b,p,m 开头的词前)
全神贯注地 (副词+副词)
5
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
2. 派生 : 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。
happy --- unhappy develop --- development
black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)
复合形容词
warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的
good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的
world +wide= worldwide 世界性的
hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
7
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
后缀: 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变 化。
care v. 照料 --- careful adj. 细心的
(A)表示否定的前缀: un---unfair,unhappy non----nonsmoker (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in----inactive (常用在adj.后) dis----disagree, disappear,dislike im----impolite, impossible (用在b,p,m 开头的词前)
全神贯注地 (副词+副词)
5
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
2. 派生 : 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。
happy --- unhappy develop --- development
black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)
复合形容词
warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的
good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的
world +wide= worldwide 世界性的
hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的
有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制,创造充满活力的创新激励机制,以市场为导向,以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围,依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。
2024年初中英语中考复习语法专题---构词法+课件

语篇学语法
一、构词法在语法选择中的运用
He said 40 ,“I was a little afraid but there’s no other bridge like this
one in the world.It was so worth it.”
( )40.A.excite
B.excited
缩写和简写
1.缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取“截头”“去 尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法来生成新词。
例词
telephone→phone airplane→plane laboratory→lab
mathematics→mat
examination→exa
advertisement→ad
children in need.
( A )3. A. a
B. an
C. the
( C )4. A. grow
B. growing
C. to grow
h
m
influenza→ flu
2.很多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成。
例词
CD(compact disk) CCTV(China Central Television) NBA(National Basketball Association) UFO(unidentified flying object) UN(United Nations) USA(United States of America) WWF(World Wide Fund for Nature or World Wildlife Fund)
Recently,a 5yearold boy,Guangnian,from Henan
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
3. 其他合成词 a. 合成代词 everybody everyone everything anyone anybody anything b. 合成介词 outside inside throughout within without
upon
2 派生词
派生法又叫词缀法,是指在一个单词前面或后面加 上词缀以构成新词的方法。 1. 前缀 1). 否定前缀 a. un-+形容词 unhappy unlucky unimportant unusual unknown unfair
动 词 冠 词 介 词
verb
v.
谓语
article
art.
-----
a,an; the
adjective
adj
------
from, with, inside
分 类 连 词 感 叹 词
英语全称
缩写
句法功能
例
词
conjunc tion interjec tion
conj.
-------
and,when, until,if once
分 类 名 词 代 词 数 词 形 容 词
英语全称
缩写
句法功能 主语、宾语、定语 、表语、同位语、 补足语 主语、宾语、定语 、表语、同位语 主语、宾语、定语 、表语、同位语、 补足语 表语、定语、状语 、补足语
cher,hair, visitor,beauty,China I,we,their,none, which,who,whatever
2). 非否定前缀 a. en-+ 形容词或名词
enable
enlarge
enrich
encourage
b. re-+ 动词 retell 复述
rebuild
重建
2 后缀
常用后缀119个,大致可分为5类
1) 名词前缀 (1)构成表示人的名词后缀 a. 动词+-er 表示人 traveller hunter reader worker keeper driver b. 名词+-er 表示人或物 villager prisoner farmer lawyer
d. 形容词或数词+名词 full-time 全日制的 part-time 业余的; 兼职的 second-hand 二手的 first-class 一流的 e. 形容词+v-ing 形式 good-looking 好看的 hard-working 勤勉的 f. 副词+v-ed well-known 出名的 newly-founded 新创办的 g. 基数词+可数名词单数 中间用连字符连接,一般用作定语修饰名词,相当于“基 数词+名词所有格”。 a two-day trip = two days' trip a three-hour walk = three hours' walk h. 基数词+可数名词+形容词 a five-year-old an eight-metre-high building
b. un-+副词 unusually 不同寻常地 unhappily 不高兴地 c. un-+动词 uncover untie unlock undress d. im-/in-+ 形容词 impossible impolite incorrect iincredible e. mis-+ 动词 misunderstand misspell f. dis-+动词 dislike discover disagree disappear
词类和构词法
一.词类
英语中 的词类,根据其语法功能可分为名词 、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介 词、连词、感叹词和动词十类;根据意义 又可分为实词和虚词。实词指具有实际意 义并能单独做句子成分的词,包括名词、 代词、数词、形容词、副词和动词六类; 虚词指没有实际意义或实际意义不明显、 不能再句子中单独作句子成分的词,包括 冠词、介词、连词和感叹词四类。
int.
-------
oh, ah, aha,alas,hurrah,wow
二. 构词法 语言的基本要素之一是词汇。在语言发展的 最初阶段,人们使用的是少量而简单的词汇, 这些词汇只表示日常简单的事物和概念,构 成语言中最基本的词,被称之为原生词,也 叫基本词或根词。英语里的原生词大多是单
音节的,如sun, man, head, foot, fish, see, run等,其数量是有 限的。随着社会的发展和进步,原有的有限的原生词已经远 远不能够人们使用语言的需要,人们便创造了一些新词来表 示新出现的事物与概念。这种按照一定的语言规律创造新词 的方法,称为构词法。 常见的构词法有:合成法、派生法、 转换法和缩略法。 1. 1 合成法 由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫合成词,这种构成新词 的方法叫合成法。合成法常见的有以下几种:
pronoun
pron.
numeral
num.
one,ninth,three fifths
adjective
adj
clever,pretty,popular, interesting,dangerous
分 类 副 词
英语全称
缩写
句法功能 表语、状语、补足 语
例
词
adverb
adv.
still,slowly,well,hard ,honestly decide,like,borrow, help change,dance,drive
1. 合成名词 a. 名词+ 名词 basketball spaceship postman ice cream b. 形容词+名词
blackboard
pencil case
supermarket greenhouse
pop song
c. v-ing + 名词 dining room washing machine drinking water d. 名词+v-ing shoe-making letter-writing story-telling handwriting 2. 合成形容词 a. 形容词+名词+ ed warm-hearted 热心的 five-storeyed 五层楼的 b. 名词+v-ed man-made 人造的 snow-covered 被雪覆盖的 c.名词+形容词 ice-cool 冰冷的 top-heavy 头重脚轻的