跨文化交际练习
高三英语跨文化交际练习题20题
高三英语跨文化交际练习题20题1.In the United States, people often eat turkey on _____.A.ChristmasB.ThanksgivingC.EasterD.Halloween答案：B。
解析：在美国，人们通常在感恩节吃火鸡。
选项 A 圣诞节一般吃烤鸡等食物；选项C 复活节有彩蛋、兔子等元素；选项D 万圣节主要是糖果等。
2.Which of the following is not a traditional activity on St. Patrick's Day?A.Wearing green clothesB.ParadesC.Exchanging giftsD.Drinking green beer答案：C。
解析：在圣帕特里克节，人们会穿绿色衣服、举行游行、喝绿色啤酒。
但没有交换礼物这个传统活动。
3.On Halloween, children go from house to house asking for _____.A.candiesB.giftsC.toysD.flowers答案：A。
解析：在万圣节，孩子们挨家挨户要糖果。
选项B 礼物一般在圣诞节等节日交换；选项C 玩具不是万圣节主要索要的东西；选项D 花不是万圣节的常见物品。
4.In many Western countries, people decorate Christmas trees with _____.A.flowersB.candlesC.balloonsD.leaves答案：B。
解析：在许多西方国家，人们用蜡烛装饰圣诞树。
选项 A 花不是主要装饰圣诞树的物品；选项 C 气球一般不用于装饰圣诞树；选项D 树叶也不是圣诞树的常见装饰。
5.Which festival is associated with egg hunts?A.Valentine's DayB.EasterC.Independence DayD.Mother's Day答案：B。
胡文仲《跨文化交际学概论》章节练习(语言交际)【圣才出品】
第5章语言交际一、填空题1．英语中的“stereotype”意思是________，它是指对于某些个人或群体的属性的一套固有观念和看法。
（北京外国语大学2010年研）【答案】刻板印象【解析】尽管没有和某一种文化接触，人们可能已经对它有一种先入为主的印象。
例如，认为法国人浪漫，德国人严格，美国人随便，日本人工作努力等等。
这些就是一些刻板印象，也可以称作定型。
刻板印象在英语中是“stereotype”，可以定义为：刻板印象是对于某些个人或群体的属性的一套信念。
这些属性可能是正面的，也可能是负面的。
2．讲话人认为他提出的看法有可能遭到对方的反对，因此先摆出各种情况，后提出看法，适用于这一情况的的交际模式是_________。
【答案】归纳法【解析】归纳法适用于讲话人认为他提出的看法有可能遭到对方的反对，因此先摆出各种情况，后提出看法的情况。
东方人出于礼貌的考虑，不愿意自己认定有权提出某种看法或把某一看法强加于对方，因此习惯于用归纳法（即用种种材料、事实铺垫的方法）提出自己的看法。
二、判断题1．跨文化交际文化的冲突和适应四阶段包括蜜月、挫折、发展和调整阶段。
(北京大学2010年研）【答案】错误【解析】跨文化交际理论中特里夫诺维奇1977年提出的“四阶段理论”，即“蜜月”、“挫折”、“调整”和“适应”这四个阶段。
2．文化词汇是指特定文化范畴的词汇，它是民族文化在语言词汇中直接或间接的反映。
【答案】正确【解析】文化词汇本身载有明确的民族文化信息，并且隐含着深层的民族文化的含义。
它与民族文化，包括上面所说的物质文化、制度文化和心理文化有各种关系，有的是该文化的直接反映，如“龙、凤、华表”等；有的则是间接反映，如汉语中的红、黄、白、黑等颜色词及松、竹、梅等象征词语；有的和各种文化存在着渊源关系，如来自文化典籍的词语及来自宗教的词语等。
三、选择题1．以下哪个因素会妨碍跨文化交流的顺利进行（）。
（北京大学2010年研）A．勇于创新B．思想开放C．高度重视工作任务D．较少以自我为中心【答案】C【解析】妨碍跨文化交流顺利进行的有认识上的误区，思想闭塞；民族中心主义，以自我为中心；刻板印象，较少创新思维等。
大学跨文化英语综合教程学生用书第3册课后练习题含答案
大学跨文化英语综合教程学生用书第3册课后练习题含答案第一章跨文化交际和跨文化沟通
选择题
1.跨文化交际指的是：
A. 不同语言之间的交际
B. 不同国家之间的交际
C. 不同文化之间的交际
D. 不同年龄阶段之间的交际
答案：C
2.关于“跨文化沟通”的说法，错误的是：
A. 它期望个体能够在跨文化情境中获得顺利、成功的交流和互动。
B. 它指的是各种跨越文化的交流和互动。
C. 它是一个跨越语言和文化障碍的交际活动。
D. 它只是指在文化相同的情况下的互动和交流。
答案：D
填空题
1.跨文化交际包括文化的 ______________，交际的 ___________ 和认
知的 ______________。
答案：差异、行为、过程
简答题
1.什么是“文化冲击”？如何应对“文化冲击”？
答：“文化冲击”是指个体通过跨越文化进行交流和互动时遭受到的非常规、难以理解的交流和交往中的困扰。
个体可以采取以下措施来应对文化冲击：•接受自己文化差异所造成的影响，保持开放的心态，尝试理解和感知新环境和文化，以及与文化差异所造成的不适应。
•尝试与文化差异的人们建立联系，结交新的朋友，增进相互了解和友谊。
•积极主动地了解文化差异，了解文化冲击产生的原因，并以客观的态度学习和理解这些差异。
增加跨文化意识和跨文化学习的能力。
•在和跨文化人员交往过程中，应该尽量避免出现不当的行为和行为模式，避免引起文化冲击和不必要的误解。
跨文化交际unit 1练习
Unit 1 Intercultural Communication, Culture, Language and CommunicationPart I Blank FillingDirections: Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.1.Intercultural communication refers to the communication between different cultural__________.nguage is a system of __________ __________ symbols used for human communication.3.Culture has the properties of being __________,__________,__________,__________, and__________.4. The sentence “ a rose by any other name smells just as sweet.” is cited to prove that language is __________.5. In the conversation John: "Morning, Mary!" Mary: “Morning, John!”, the decoder of the communication is __________.Part II T or FDirections:Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false.1. ____ In a broad sense, culture means the total way of life of a people, including the patterns of belief, customs, objects, institutions, techniques, and language that characterizes the life of the human community.2. ____ The positive feeling we possess at the affective level, including affirmation, self-esteem, comfort, trust, and safety may contribute to successful intercultural communication3. ____ The example of Wild boy of A veyon indicates that human beings lack of cultural communication can not be called real human beings.4. ____ When we compare culture to an iceberg, we say most of components of culture are hidden under the water.5. ____ The word “language”in “Hemingway’s language ”means everything in a language system that makes it different from any other such system6. ____ The example of Eskimo tribes’ word use of snow is to illustrate that Language also exerts its influence on culture.7. ____ That “Tom talks to himself while flourishing his toy gun”belongs to human-machine communication.8. ____ The primary purpose of downward communication is to provide feedback, ask questions or information.9. ____ Enculturation is the process which adopts the changes brought about by another culture and develops an increased similarity between the two cultures.10. ____ If a native speaker of English says to you “That’s a very nice coat you’re wearing.”, you can answer it by saying, “Do you really like it?”Part III Multiple ChoiceDirections:There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. The following are all Chinese equivalence to the English word communication except _____.A. 传播C. 交通D. 散发2. Which of the following is not the reason for increased intercultural communication?A. Mobile means of transportB. Easy and convenient communication channelC. Globalization of world economyD. The development of English language3．The following are all features of communication except _____.A. dynamicB. systematicC. vocalD. symbolicPart IV Short Answer Questions. (15%)Directions:Choose three questions from the following five questions and answer them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET1. What’s the Relationship between language and culture?2. How to understand cultural Iceberg?Key 1: Like an iceberg what we can see about culture is just the tip of the iceberg; the majority of it is intangible, beyond sight. And the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said nine-tenth of culture is below the surface.Key 2: (Just as an iceberg which has a visible section above the waterline and a larger invisible section below the waterline, culture has some aspects that are observable and others that can only be suspected and imagined. Also like an iceberg, the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said nine-tenth of culture is below the surface.Part V T ranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into ChineseNothing.Part V Case studies.Directions: S tudy the following cases and answer the questions. Choose two from the three cases.Case 1Here is a story of Litz, a Finnish and her Chinese husband Dick. Dick’s mother comes to USA to visit them. Half a month later Litz asks Dick how long his mother is going to stay with them. Here is the conversation:Litz: Dick, how long is your mum going to stay?Dick: I don’t know. I haven’t asked her.Litz: Why not ask her?Dick: What do you mean by asking her?Litz: I mean what I said. Just ask her how long she’s going to stay.Dick’s mother hears the conversation, and the next day she tells her son that she wants to go back to China.Can you diagnose the problem in the communication?Case 2Did you ever experience misunderstanding in your communication with a foreigner? Or did you read anything about this? Please describe the situation and analyze the reason.Note:Othe exercises are on Page 12-13 in the book《跨文化交际实用教程》（by 胡超）。
胡文仲《跨文化交际学概论》章节练习( 跨文化交际的障碍)【圣才出品】
第11章跨文化交际的障碍一、填空题1．人们在与不同文化背景的人进行交往时会无意识地用本民族的文化准则、社会规范、语用规则来判断和解释别人的言语行为，因而造成________。
（厦门大学2010年研）【答案】语用失误【解析】由于本族人是在成长和受教育过程中自然而然地习得母语文化，因此在与不同文化背景的人们进行交往时往往会无意识地用本民族的文化准则、社会规范、社会语言规则来判断和解释别人的语言行为，从而造成语用失误。
其中文化差异引起的文化迁移是造成语用失误的最重要原因之一。
2．西方人（主要是说英语的国家）的思维方式在语言结构上的投射，表现为分析、抽象、________的特征。
（厦门大学2010年研）【答案】线型【解析】中国受“天人合一”和“关系”取向的影响，思维方式以直觉、具体、圆型为特征，相反的，对于西方（英语国家），思维方式在语篇结构上的投射表现为分析、抽象、线型的特征，开门见山、直入主题。
3．西方文化中，________色常被用来表示沮丧、消沉或者淫猥、下流。
（厦门大学2010年研）【答案】蓝【解析】在西方，蓝色常被人们用来表示沮丧、消沉或者淫猥、下流；但在汉语中蓝色却被用来表示肃穆、严肃。
二、判断题1．作为一个合格的汉语国际推广老师，最主要的能力是跨文化交际能力。
（首都师范大学2012年研）【答案】错误【解析】跨文化交际能力是汉语国际推广形势下教师跨文化教学能力的一个重要组成部分。
汉语教师的各种静态的知识储备、汉语教师的课堂教学能力——动态的实践能力、汉语教师的跨文化交际能力，三者共同作用、互相促进，最终形成一种专门的能力——汉语教师跨文化的教学能力。
2．强环境文化中的人们在交际时注重意会，弱环境文化中的人们在交际时注重言传。
（厦门大学2011年研）【答案】正确【解析】在强环境文化中，环境（包括形体语言）比言语更能表达交流者的意思，而在弱交际环境文化中，交流过程中所产生的信息量的大部分直接用言语表达和传送，相对地说，只有少量的信息需要通过环境来表达。
跨文化交际期末练习
I. Choose the best answer:1.When someone responds only to the residue of the behavior of anotherperson ,communicationa. is not effective .b. is quite effective .c. also takes place.d. does not occur.2.All cultures or institutions are equally valid or fitting ,according toa. cultural analysis.b. cultural relativism.c. cultural absolutism.d. cultural determinism.3.Intercultural communication as a field of study is interdisciplinary. Closely related to this fieldare the following disciplines excepta. medical studies .b. sociolinguistics.c. cultural anthropology.d. sociology.4.when you have paid a cashier in the US for your shopping, the cashier will most likely saya. Thank youb. Nothing.c. You’re very rich.d. You’ve made a great purchase.5.Can I whisper in your ear? I didn’t have a chance to tell you this morning how lovely you look!A male colleague of an American woman professor walked into the professor’s classroom and“whispered” in her ear when she was just lecturing to her students. This s hows thata. Americans make compliments on women’s appearance far more frequently and freely thanChinese people.b. Chinese speakers make compliments on women’s appearance as frequently and freely asAmericans.c. Americans make compliments on women’s app earance only when the complimented are oflow social status.d. Chinese speakers make compliments on women’s appearance only when the complimentedare of low social status.6.When you want to know whether an American is married or single or divorced, you can askindirectlya. Do you have any children?b. Are you married?c. Have you solved your personal problem?d. Do you have a large family?7.Your written work has really improved, but you still have a bit of a problem with yourspelling.This is criticism by English standards.a. directb. indirectc. weakd. strong8.When an American expresses thanks for a favor you have done him, you shoulda. say It’s my duty.b. say that’s what I should do .c. say It’s a pleasure .d. say That’s the least I can do .9.When an English woman tells you her real age, you can saya. That’s what I guess.b. No, no, you really are much younger than your age.c. That’s impossibled. Oh , dear me !You don’t expect that I believe you .10.By tradition westerners have much stronger sense of privacy than Chinese, because they laygreater emphasis ona. collectivism.b. individualism.c. relativism.d. imperialism.11.When an English tennis champion says well, I’m very keen on tennis,he is employingspeech calleda. irony.b. understatement.c. simile.d. exaggeration.12.This is x x x’s residence. We are not here at this moment. Please leave your name andtelephone number. W e’ll call you back as soon as we can. when you hear this on the phone, you should know that this comes froma. a gentleman’s family.b. an advanced telephone.c. an answering machine.d. a lady’s family.13.The nonverbal elements of the voice is calleda. kinesics.b. oculesics.c. proxemics.d. paralanguage.14.A: When can I come back for my ticket?B: Don’t worry. It is being taken care of.B’s response would be regarded by Americans asa. a polite response.b. a rude remark..c. a little information.d. insufficient information.15.When a newly-arrived American professor has just conducted his first class with Chinesestudents, you, as an administrator, can greet him by sayinga. You must have had a tiring job.b. Are you happy with your class?c. Are Chinese students the same as American students?d. Are they happy with your teaching?16.When you receive a phone call and knows that the person wanted on the phone is notavailable to answer it, you should saya. Does she/he have your name?b. Can I say that she/he is away from here?c. He/She is not available to speak to you.d. He/She is not with me right now.17.If you are asked to dine out, Dutch treat means thata. whoever pays for his own meal.b. You’ll be treated Dutch food.c. You’ll be invited to a Dutch restaurant.d. Whoever invites you will pay for the dinner.18.When an American friend compliments you on what you have, you should not say Do youreally like it, just take it ,becausea. what you have might be offensive to the people from his culture.b. What you have might be so expensive that he dares not take it.c. It could be just a compliment and he might have been a slip of the tongue.d. He might think that you made the offer on the spur of the moment without sincerity.19. The Chinese language is well known for in connecting phrases or sentences without usingmany logic-grammatical connectors.a. hypotactic techniques.b. various techniques.c. covert coherence.d. function words.20. “Han d extended toward person, open palm, palm down, with all fingers crooked in abeckoning motion”-this is normally the way of beckoning someone to come.a. universalb. Americanc. Chinesed. specific21．When an English tennis champion says I think I’m quite good, he is employing the figure of speech called :a. understatement.b. irony.c. similed. exaggeration22．When the training we receive is aimed at cultural self-awareness and other concepts that prepare us to communicate effectively any culture, it is calleda. narrow trainingb. culture-specific trainingc. all-around trainingd. culture-general training23．The turning point came for intercultural communication studies when the International Communication Association established under it the Division of Intercultural Communication ina.1980b.1970c.1990d.196024．I’m very impressed with your figures. A made colleague of an American woman professor said to her when she walked into the restaurant where he was dining. This shows thata. Americans make compliments on women’s appearance far more frequently and freely thanChinese speakers.b. Chinese speakers make compliments on women’s appearance as frequently and freely asAmericans.c. Americans make compliments o women’s appearance only when the complimented are oflow social status.d. Chinese speakers make compliments on women’s appearance only when the complimentedare of low social status.25．In response to You did a great job, you can say___ by American standards.a. Oh well, it had to happen sometimesb. No, no, I didn’t do it very wellc. Well, this is the result of collective labord. I’ll try to do it better next time26．I’m afraid your last essay was not quite up to standard, this is__ criticism by English standards.a. strongb. directc. weakd. indirect27. When you want to know whether an American is marred or single or divorced, you can askindirectlya. Do you have any children?b. Are you married?c. Have you solved your personal problem?d. Is your family with you here in China?28. When an American friend of yours has caught a cold, you can show concern by sayinga. I’m sure you’ll be better soon.b. You should drink more water.c. You should be more careful not catch cold again.d. I hope you’ll be feeling better soon29. Before you present a gift to an American friend, you shoulda. make sure to present it to his wife .b. make sure to keep the price tag onc. tear off its price tagd. tear off its wrapper30. When American friend compliments you on what you have, you should not say “Do you reallylike it? Just take it”, becausea. it could be just a compliment and he might have made a slip of the tongueb. what you have might be so expensive that he dares not take itc. it could be just a compliment and he might not really like it.d. what you have might be offensive to the people from his culture.31．Awareness of how another culture feels the standpoint of the insider can be calleda. empathyb. sympathyc. apathyd. insensibility32. It is believed that the publication of Introduction to Kinesics by marked thebeginning of nonverbal communication studies as a relatively independent field.a. Jespersenb. Birdwhistellc. Potter.d. Pennycook33. The study of the communication of interpersonal space and distance isa. chronemics.b. proxemics.c. haptics.d. oculesics.34. In I’m afraid you’re mistaken, the underlined part can be called from theperspective of interpersonal communication.a. negative words .b. softening words.c. redundant words .d. beautiful words35. When you hear on the phone well, I mustn’t hold you up any longer, you should know that thiscould well be a signal ofa. saying good-byeb. encouraging you to talk more .c. saying I enjoy our conversation ,but you need to go .d. saying I’ll try to be brief with you .36. Church Sale in the United States isa. to sell a churchb. to sell Bibles for very low pricesc. to sell things to church—goers for very low prices.d. to sell things donated by church-goers for very low prices.37. When an American stamps his foot, it usually suggestsa. remorseb. angerc. impatienced. disapproval38. As times passed, the desire of learning the language grew in my heart like a tree, bigger andbigger, so beautiful that I decided to be with her all my life. This kind of languagea. is very impressive by American standards.b. sounds too emotional by American standards.c. sounds too flowery and exaggerated by American standards.d. Is very bad English by American standards?39. When we say that Americans tend to behave this way or that, we don’t mean that everyAmerican will behave in exactly the way in every given situation, because culture isa. an approximationb. tendencyc. an abstractiond. all of the above40. A: (Showing B the sofa) Sit down, please.B: No, no. I’ll sit here. (Moving towards a chair)A: Oh, do sit over here on the sofa.B: No, no. This chair is perfectly all right.From the conversation you can deduce that B is most likelya. an Englishmanb. an Americanc. a Chinesed. a JapaneseII. True or false:1. Intercultural communication occurs whenever a message sender is a member of one culture anda message receiver is of another.2. Intercultural communication studies are as old as recorded history.3. “Give and take” is a principle highly valued in the United Sates.4. Friendship characterizes much of American daily interactions.5. Compared with Chinese Americans make friends easily and leave their friends almost asquickly.6. Chinese writers are not so particular about providing notes or bibliography in writing as English speakers, because the Chinese depend very much on shared cultural knowledge for mutual understanding.7. Sociologists believe that cultural mistakes are far more serious than linguistic mistakes, for the former often incur ill-feeling between speakers of two different cultures.8. Ms. can be used in the United States to address both married and unmarried ladies.9. IC courses are interdisciplinary in nature and therefore should draw materials from many disciplines.10. Cultures do not communicate; people do.11.If you are a guest and are introduced to your host, you do not take the initiative in shakinghands unless he holds out his hand first.12.When you want to learn about an American’s marital status, you can ask ,“Are you married orsingle ”13.By tradition westerners have much stronger sense of privacy than Chinese.14.Americans avoid the talk of the Civil War in their daily conversation.15.When you want to ask a native English-speaker to do you a favor, you should begin withAre you very busy?16.When you want to learn about an American’s political stand, you can ask, “Why did you votefor?”17.For entertaining English speakers, the more banquets or more courses for a banquet, thebetter.18.It is said that the British people hate to trouble others and ,when they need help, will usuallybegin with I don’t really like to ask you, but ….19.You can compliment an American with You look goo d. You ‘ve lost weight.20.Memorial Day is on the last Monday of May.21. In American forms you can often find “optional”following “religion”, because religiousbeliefs are very much a matter of privacy.22. When you are reading a book, you are actually responding to the author’s writing behavior.23. Communication is not irreversible.24. In a broad sense, culture indicates the history and literature of a people.25. Personal comments, implicitly or explicitly, on women’s appearance are more common in theUS than in China.26. Americans are said to be pushing in nature.27. All the Chinese expressions of gratitude do not sound courteous to American speakers.28. Intercultural communication and intracultural communication are both interpersonalcommunication.29. Chinese speakers always tear away price tags before they offer gifts to others.30. Americans are said to work while they work and play while they play.31. P-time is apt to be considered a point rather than a ribbon or a road.32. It is said that Englishmen’s humor sometimes consists of self-deprecation.33. There are basically two approaches to academic or scientific research and, for that matter, tointercultural communication studies; namely, induction and deduction.34. In English –speaking countries you usually first introduce an older person to a younger person, not the other way round.35. The English language is basically a hypotactic language in that it can do without the heavy use of logic-grammatical connectors.36. According to Benjamin Lee Whorf, the background linguistic system of each language is notmerely a reproducing instrument for voicing ideas but rather is itself the program and guide for the individual’s analysis of impressions, for his synthesis of his mental stock in trade. 37. If you are an old person and are introduced to someone younger than you, you do not take theinitiative in shaking hands unless he holds out his hand first.38. In China it’s inappropriate to keep one’s hat on indoors.39. Sometimes an Englishman may offer help merely as a gesture of politeness. In this case, youcan say something like I’d like to have your help, but ….40. Avoiding taboo has much to do with privacy.III. Explain the following terms:1.response2.intentional communication3.acceptance and integration4.linguistic relativity5.dominant culture6.Michigan States University7.culture-general training 8.role prescription9.lexical gap 10.Mr.America11.decoding 12.nondirectded communication13.mental isolation 14.black tie15.connotation 16.linguistic determinism17.individualism 18.cross-cultural communicationmunicative competence 20.China Association for Intercultural CommunicationIV. Elaborate the following topics:1.Do you think that “When in Rome do as Romans do” is the best indication of interculturalcommunication competence?2. Comment on the significance of nonverbal communication studies.3. Illustrate cultural differences in showing concern.4. Illustrate cultural differences in greeting people.。
胡文仲《跨文化交际学概论》章节练习(文化的定义与特性)【圣才出品】
第3章文化的定义与特性一、判断题1．一般认为，中国人之间的身体距离比西方人要小，尤其在公共场合。
（北京大学2010年研）【答案】正确【解析】中国人的体距比西方人的体距要小，在公共场合更是如此。
在大街上，中国人聚集在一起，彼此相距不过18英寸。
英语国家的人在一起时，如果有局外人走进l8英寸的范围，即使是在大庭广众之中，也一定会被看成是一种侵扰。
2．没有事先通知，临时邀请别人参加某个活动，不同文化背景的人都会认为这是不礼貌的行为。
（北京外国语大学2010年研）【答案】正确【解析】提前计划是现代社会生活的一个显著特点，西方国家的人使用的专用日记本主要是用作提前计划。
举凡会议、约会、社交活动等，都需事先通知，以便对方能早作安排。
临时通知对方参加某项活动会被认为是不礼貌的。
如果请人吃饭，需在一周甚至更早的时间发出邀请，临时邀请会使人感到缺乏诚意，往往遭到拒绝。
二、选择题1．非言语交际内容不包括（）。
（北京大学2010年研）A．手势B．眼神C．服饰D．职业【答案】D【解析】非语言交际指那些不通过语言手段的交际，包括手势、身势、眼神、微笑、沉默、面部表情、服饰、体触、体距、对于时间和空间的利用等等。
非语言交际与语言交际不同，它没有固定的规律和法则，也没有一套明确的符号，它可以连续不断地进行。
2．文化是人所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和，下列选项中（）不属于文化的三个层次。
A．物质文化B．社会文化C．观念文化D．娱乐文化【答案】D【解析】主张文化是人所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和者把文化分成的三个层次，分别是：①物质文化，它是经过人的主观意志加工改造过的；②社会文化，主要包括政治及经济制度、法律、文艺作品、人际关系、习惯行为等；③心理层次，或称观念文化，包括人的价值观念、思维方式、审美情趣、道德情操、宗教感情和民族心理等。
三、论述题1．在一次学校举办的运动会中，一个留学生对跑步得了第一名的老师说：“老师，你真棒！你跑得像狗一样快！”请从跨文化角度对此进行分析。
跨文化交际练习题
跨文化交际练习题讨论题1、在你的日常活动中哪些是比较典型的跨文化交际？2、你认为强调个人之间的文化差异有什么利弊？3、我国的地区文化差异是否可以作为跨文化交际研究的重要方面？4、跨文化交际学为什么产生在美国？5、在我国为什么是一批外语教师首先对于跨文化交际学感兴趣？6、跨文化交际学主要和哪些学科有密切的关系？为什么？7、为什么文化会有这么多不同的定义？8、你认为哪几个定义对于你了解文化的内涵有帮助？9、文化具有哪些特点？认识这些特点对我们有什么意义？10、在汉语中“交际”与“传播”的词义有何异同？11、为什么人类不能没有传播？12、传播在人类历史上起了什么作用？13华”在汉语中的文化内涵与b u ll在英语中的文化内涵有何异同？14、在语用规则方面你能否举例说明英语与汉语的某些差异？15、在语篇结构方面除了本章所讲的以外你认为英美人与中美人之间还有什么差异？16、如果比较语言交际和非语言交际，你认为哪个更重要？为什么？17、在非语言交际的各种手段中，你认为哪一种最容易引起误解？18、非语言交际是否一成不变？你能否举出例子说明它的变化？19、为什么在汉语的见面语中有许多是与当时情景相联系的提问？20、为什么在我国文化中如此重视谦虚？在改革开放的二十年中在这方面有无变化？21、为什么我国在许多地方有送重礼的习俗？近年来有无变化？22、中国传统的“五伦”在现代的社会中有什么改变？23、为什么在我国的单位在过去很长一段时间里“无所不包”？有什么益处和缺陷？24、中国人和美国人在对待友谊的态度上有什么异同？试举例说明。
25、Guy和Mattock认为文化背景对于公司的特点以及谈判方式等具有很大的影响，你同意这种论断吗？26、在你的朋友中有没有在外企工作的？他们感到最不适应的是什么？27、外商在我国开公司办企业，他们的主要抱怨是什么？你有所了解吗？你对于这些问题作何解释？28、价值观是如何形成的？试举例说明。
跨文化交际课程练习
跨文化交际课程练习Part One. Directions: Select the best answer from the four choices given. There is ONE best answer for each item. 20%1. When you enter an American home and hear "Let me take your coat", you should know that _____a. it's extremely hot indoors.b. your coat must be wet.c. wearing a coat indoors is uncomfortable.d. it's an American custom to take off one's coat in this situation.2. The word "workaholic" is often used to refer to ______a. Africansb. Americansc. Chinese.d. Koreans.3. During World War II, British women saw American serviceman stationed in England as immoral and lustful. Simultaneously, American servicemen found English girls to be wanton and without morals. In fact, it is cultural differences in role of____ that caused social misperception.a. creating harmonious relationshipb. moderating sex behaviorc. cultivating mutual affectiond. producing something new4.When you want to learn about someone's family relationship with another person, you may ask _______a. Are you relatives?b. Are you family members?c. How are you called?d. How are you related?5. When you happen to be among a group of strangers in a party, you may make someone's acquaintance by saying ________a. May I know your name?b. May I introduce myself?c. May I have your business card?d. May I make friends with you?6. When two strangers are introduced to each other in the U.S., they usually start what is called _______a. free talk.b. small talk.c. big talk.d. introductory talk.7. When you see an American friend having dinner, you can greet him by saying __________a. Hello. Have a nice dinner.b. So, you're having dinner.c. How much do you have for dinner?d. How do you enjoy it ?8. When someone compliments you on the watch you are wearing, you should, in the United States, _________a. say “Oh, this cheap thing? It's not worth much.”b. give it to him.c. say “Would you like to have it?”d. say “Thanks” and smile.9. When an English woman tells you her real age, you can say _______a. That's what I guess.b. No , no. You really are much younger than your age.c. That's impossible.d. No, really you don't look it.10. A: What kind of material do you want me to bring?B: We are in need of many kinds of material.B' s response would be regarded by Americans as _______a. something urgent.b. too greedy.c. too generous.d. insufficient information.11. Never trust a person who can’t look you in the eyes tells us that in conversation, an Englishman or American shows that he is listening attentively by _______a. staring at the other person’s eyes.b. nodding all the timec. looking at the other person’s eyes.d. saying hmm all the time12. When a newly-arrived American professor has just conducted his first class with Chinese students, you as an administrator, can greet him by saying ______a. “You must be tired.”b. “How do you like your students?”c. “Are Chinese students the same as American students?”d. “Are they happy with your teaching?”13. “Separate checks?” Asked by a waiter or waitress in the united states means _____a. Shall I provide separate plates for different people?b. Shall I provide different food for different people?c. Shall I put the same amount of sugar into separate glasses of coffee?d. Shall I put this all on one check or will you all pay separately?14. In sum, the English language and thought patterns of English speakers reflect ___a. relativism.b. group-orientationc. collectivism.d. ego-centrism15. The study of facial expressions, body movements, gestures and the like is called _a. proteomics.b. chronemics.c. oculesics.d. kinesics16. Nikita Khrushchev, the irrepressible leader of the U. S. S. R in the late fifties and early sixties, offended many Americans by raising his clasped hands in a sort of handshake over his head during his visit to the United States, because this gesture, in the United States, is the sign of _______a. negotiation between rivals.b. friendship and mutual understanding.c. victory after a boxer has defeated his opponent.d. greeting made by a visitor to native people.17. When an American friend compliments you on what you h ave, you should not say “do you really like it? Just take it,” because ________a. he would hate to be considered greedy if he really accepted it.b. what you have might be so expensive that he dares not take it.c. it could be just a compliment and he might have made a slip of the tongue.d. what you have might be offensive to the people from his culture.18. As Americans value individualism, they maintain _______a. a complementary interpersonal relationship.b. a symmetrical interpersonal relationship.c. a vertical horizontal interpersonal relationships.d. a dependent interpersonal relationships.19. Culture is rather than statica. dynamic.b. relative.c. absolute.d. stagnant.20. It is generally acknowledged that communicative competence was coined by ____a. Brian Spitzberg.b. Edward Hallc. Noam Chomsky.d. Dell HymesPart Two. Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate word chosen from those given below. 20%A.a. Channelb. Senderc. Receiverd. Intercultural communicatione. Subculture21. __b___ refers to the person who transmits a message22. __a___ is the method used to deliver a message.23. __c___ is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a message24. __d___ is communication between people whose cultural perception and symbol system are distinct enough to alter the communication event.25. __e___ refers to a culture that exists within dominant culture, and is often based on economic or social class, ethnicity, race, or geographic region.B. a. perception b. Sensation c. Interpretation d. Selection e. Needs26. __c__refers to attaching meaning to sense data27. __e__ affect what people are more likely to attend to28. Human perception is usually thought of as a three-step process of __d__, organization,and interpretation.29. __b__ is the neurological process by which people become aware of theirenvironment.30. __a___ involves higher-order cognition in the interpretation of the sensoryinformation.Part three. Directions: In this part, you will read some short statement. Decide whether the statements are true or false and write T for TRUE and F for FALSE. 40%31. Today in the United States it is not unusual for children to address their parents and even grandparents by their first names. （）t32. To keep the ball rolling means to continue playing basketball. （）f33. Mind your please-and thank you are taught to American children. （）t34. When an American friend spends a lot of time doing you a favor, you should thank him by saying I’m sorry to have wasted so much of your time. （）f35. It is a compliment to tell an American pregnant woman that she is most likely to havea baby son. （）f36. American do not consider excessive modesty as a virtue. （）t37. Englishmen often start with an explanation for a request before they make clear the request itself. （）f38. According to Eric Partridge, economy is also a reason for English preference for nouns to verbs. （）t39. Americans usually prefer to pursue their social life under conditions that minimize incurring social obligations. （）t40. There is no face-to-face interaction without feedback. （）t41. In China. Visitors’ “dropping by” is generally preferred to calling friends on the telephone before visiting them. （）f42. When you communicate with your American friends. Mr. would sound too formal. （）t43. In English-speaking countries you usually first introduce a man to a woman, not the other way round. （）t44. By tradition. Americans attach greater importance to promptness in social events than the Chinese. （）t45. The Chinese way of showing concern for people is sometimes misunderstood by Americans as teaching one’s grandmother how to suck eggs. （t ）46. Sometimes an Englishman may offer help merely as a gesture of politeness. In this case, you can say something like oh! Please don’t bother. （）t47. If you worked as a secretary in an American company , and one day your boss, seeing you work very late, said to you Thanks a lot. That’s a great help, you could reply it’s myduty. （）f48. In English-speaking countries, physical contact is generally avoided in conversation among ordinary friends or acquaintances. （）t49. When you want to learn about an American’s marital status, you can ask how come you’re still single ?（）f50. Communication can be appropriate and ineffective. （）t51. Whenever someone responds to the behavior or the behavior of another person, communication has taken place. （）t52. Some anthropologists refer to custom, rituals and, in a word, the total life way of a people as popular culture. （）f53. With a man-centered view, the Chinese emphasize collectivism.（）f54. In the U.S. it is a compliment to tell someone hat he or she has put on some weight.（）f55. In the United states, the extended family, rather than the nuclear family, is considered the family. （）f56. North Americans prefer to sit where they are side-by-side to one another. （）f57. It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on eople accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes. （）t58. Americans expect an invitation to a dinner or a request for a date or for any other social event to be offered reasonably far in advance. （）t59. Stereotyping has its practical uses and limitations, because it helps us better understand what appears to be a mess and at the same time any generalization is very often an overgeneralization. （）t60. When you want to learn about an American’s political stand, you can ask are you a republican or a democrat? （）fPart four: Questions and Answers.In this part, you are required to give a brief explanation to the question. 20%KEYI. dbbdb baddd cbddd cacadII.21-25 bacde 26-30 cedbaIII.TFTFF TFTTT FTTTT TFTFT TFFFF FTTTF。
跨文化交际选择题
跨文化交际选择题考试题型：1、Ture or False (15×1, 为课后练习题，会有改动)2、Multiple Choice (15×1, 为学过的分散在各个单元的知识点及课后练习中的重要内容)3、Cultural Puzzles (10×2, 阅读案例，选择最佳答案，部分案例是课本上的，其余是课外的)4、Filling in Blanks (10×2, 该题考察的是名词解释，四个选项下面配有两个句子，根据句子内容选择其中一个选项)5、Matching (10×1, 该题考察对跨文化理论的理解，在授课要点中的范围)6、In-Depth Reading (共20分，该题是拓展性阅读，主要考察对跨文化类文章的理解及跨文化知识的应用能力，分为Section A….选择题【5×2】；Section B….问答题【10】。
要求根据对文章的理解和掌握的跨文化知识回答问题，内容不会超出我们讲过的知识范围)选择题：Cultural Understanding of verbal and non-verbal communication1、American parents would ask their children’s opinion in family decision-makingbecause___________.A) American parents like being told by their children what to doB) American children have much power in the familyC) American parents take their children as an equalD) American parents are unable to make decisions themselves2、What is the best expression of the following you can use when you meet an American friend at the airportA) You must tired B) Did you have a good tripC) It is raining, isn’t it D) Thank you for coming3、What is a proper topic when you are talking with an AmericanA) the price of an item B) religion C) marital status D) hobbies4、 In English speaking countries, people tend to use all the greetings except_______________.A) how are you getting on B) how are thingsC) where have you been D) how’s life5、What is a proper response of the following to “Thank you. ”A) It is my duty to do so B) It doesn’t matter at allC) I quite understand it D) Don’t mention it6、Where a British friend is sick, you’d better say “__________” to your friend to show your concern.A) Drink plenty of water B) I do hope you’ll be feeling better soonC) put on more clothes D) Take medicine on time7、What is the Chinese equivalent of “reckless disregard for truth ”A) 躁动不安 B)为非作歹 C)实事求是 D)信口雌黄8、What is the meaning of “gilding the lily”A) Avoiding something to make a good thing even better.B) Spoiling something already fine by attempting to make it betterC) Turning excellence into perfectionD) Putting the lily in a golden frame to make it last longer9、Which of the following expression is considered a verbal taboo in EnglishA) pass away B) powder one’s nose C) damn it D) go to heaven210、Which of the following is the typical American thought patternA) Factual-inductive style B) Axiomatic-deductive styleC) Intutive-affective style D) Associative uniting style11、Which of the following does not have the same function that “副” fulfills in ChineseA) associate B) deputy C) lieutenant D) underline12、Which of the folling is not one of the social funcitons of complimentsA) greeting people B) starting a conversation C) criticizing people D) overcoming embarrassment13、What is the acceptable addressing of “Tom Smith” in American cultureA) Teacher Smith B) Mr. Tom C)Director Smith D) Professor Smith14、The word “dragon” is a word__________.A) with different associated meanings in Chinese B) without a counterpart in ChineseC) with the some primary meaning in Chinese D) with many more terms in Chinese15、When making an appointment with an American friend, which of the following expressions is the most appropriate oneA) I’m coming to see you this afternoon.B) You must stay at home waiting for me this afternoon.C) Could you come directly to my house this afternoon.D) I was wondering whether I could come round to visit you soemtime.16、Which of the following is not included in kinesicsA) posture B) stance C) body distance D) gesture17、Individualism has the following features except____________.A) strong family ties B)self-reliance C) freedom D) respect for individual rights18、M-time culture has the following features except__________.A) cutting time into bits B) taking dealines seriouslyC) scheduling one thing at a time D) more human-centered19、__________culture are typical P-time cultures.A) Latin American B) Northern American C) Western European D) Northern European20、In American culture, silence may be inerpreted as ___________.A) assertiveness B) thoughtfulness C) enthusiasm D)apathy21、Which culture tends to envelop each other in breath when talkingA) Arabian culture B) American culture C)British culture D) Chinese culture22、Which of the following is not included in chronemicsA) punctuality B) time orientation C) silence D) promptness23、What does the following gesture mean in some Latin American countriesA) money B) OK C) obscenity D) hostility24、Which of the following statement is untrueA) The American “come here ” gesture could be seen as an insult in most Asian countries.B) In most Asian cultures, a gentle grip and an avoidance of direct eye contact is appropriate.C) Right hand is considered unclean in much of the Middle East and in parts of Indonesia.D) Pointing with the index finger is common in North American and Europe.325、When an American is parking his bicycle and the bicycle accidentally falls over, he feels embarrassed at his awkwardness, and his quite angered and humiliated when Chinese onlookers laugh.A) Don’t take it so seriously. B) It’s nothing.C) You are really clumsy. D) Such things can happen to any of us.4。
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跨文化交际练习班别：学号姓名Directions: For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with four utterances underneath. Read the description on each situation with the utterances and decide which is/are the appropriate utterance(s) in that situation where communication is done in English.1. On the way home, a student addresses his cousin Li Ming in English:a. “Hello, cousin!”b. “Hello, Li Ming!”2. In the office of the English DepartmentAn English student studying in China is telephoning the secretary of the department.Jack: “Hello, I’d like to speak to Li Ming, please.”Song: a. “I’m Li Ming.”b. “This is me.”c. “Li Ming is speaking.”3. In the students’ dormitoryAndrew: “ Would you like to watch a football match?”Xiao Zhang: a. “I’d love to, but I’m busy at the moment.”b. “I haven’t finished my homework yet.”c. “ Excuse me, but I’m not free.”4. At a friend’s home in England. A Chinese student gives a birthday present to her English friend. Mary: “Thank you. It’s beautiful.”Xiao Zhao: a. “Really? Do you like it?”b. “Don’t mention it. It’s only a small thing.”c. “I’m glad you like it.”5. At a bus stopMan: Excuse me, do you know which bus goes to London Road, please?Woman: Sorry, I’ve no ideas.Man: a. It doesn’t matter.b. Oh.c. Thank you anyway.6. Joyce is talking to her friend, Brenda.Joyce: “Do you mind posting this letter for me on your way home, Brenda?”Brenda:a. You’re welcome.b. I don’t care.c. I don’t mind.d.No, not at all.7. In a factory, Li, the guide, is interpreting for a group of foreign guests. When they have finished visiting one workshop, he would like the group to follow him to the next workshop. He says:a. This way, please.b. Come here!c. Follow me!d. Move on!8. Li had something to tell the manager, Mr Smith. He went to his place, entered the room and said:a. You’re not busy, I hope.b. Got a minute?c. Can I have a word with, Mr Smith.d. I’m terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr.Smith.9. You’re v isiting a new British friend. His house is very beautiful. Do you _______a. tell him how beautiful it is ?b. ask how much it costs?c. ask if he’ll take you round every room?10. You’ve arranged to meet a friend at 2pm. But you missed the train and you know you’ll be at least two hours late. Do you ________a. decide not to meet your friend, and phone him the next day?b. phone him, apologize and tell him you’ll be late?c. decide not to phone, and just arrive late?11. A British friend is having dinner at your house. His plate is empty. You offer him more food and he says no. Do you ___a. keep offering until he says yes?b. just put the food on his plate without asking again?c. offer once more, then give up if he says no?12. You’re at a party and have just been introduced to someone. While you are talking, he mentions that his wife is not at the party. Do you ________a. ask where his wife is?b. change the subject?c. ask if he gets on well with his wife?13. You’re in a railway carriage. A stranger is sitting beside you. It’s very hot and you’d like the window open. Do you ___a. open it without asking the other person?b. ask the other person to open the window?c. ask the other person if you can open the window?14. Mrs. Li has been having lunch with Mrs. Sullivan. Mrs. Li has just explained that she has to leave.a. Do you really have to go, Mrs.Li? Couldn’t you at least stay for another cup of coffee?b. Oh, no, you can’t.c. Oh come on. You’ve got time for one more cup of coffee, surely?d. Well, it’s still early. There’s no hurry.15. You’ve just been asked out to dinner but you don’t want to go with the person who invited you. You might say: a.I don’t think so. I already have plans.b. No, I really don’t enjoy being with you.c. I’m dieting so I mustn’t go out to eat.d. Thanks a lot, but I’m busy tonight.Part II Case Analysis (You are required to state cultural phenomenon in each case)Case 1Xiao LI and Xiao Wang were colleagues. Xiao LI gave a lot of help to Xiao Wang financially and socially. Recently Xiao LI would get married. But he forgot inviting Xiao Wang attend his wedding. Later Xiao Wang got information about Xiao LI’ wedding and sent RMB 500 Yuan to Xiao LI.Question: What cultural phenomenon can be reflected? Why?Case 2 An English guest: Each time a new dish arrived his parents would lean over and load my plate with tasty morsels. As they had taken all the trouble to cook it I just had to polish it off. As soon as my plate was empty they would put more on. Of course, I felt duty-bound to eat that too.A Chinese guest: Can you imagine how many dishes I had? Only one -- a stew with meat and vegetables. The meat was over done and too hard to eat; green vegetables were no longer green. They never put food on your plate but just ask you to help yourself. If you, as a guest, are shy or modest, waiting for the food to be put on your plate, you will remain half-starved.Question: Are there any differences in hospitality between a Chinese and English? What are the reasons?Case 3Li Lan had an American friend Susan. They usually had lunch together and Li Lan often asked Susan for advice on problems she faced adjusting to American society. Susan gave Li Lan a lot of advice and helped her to improve her English. Once Li Lan needed urgently a big sum of money to pay her tuition fee. Since she has no other friends in the States, she turned to Susan for help and promised that she would return the money soon.To Li Lan’s great disappointment, this time Susan didn’t seem happy to lend the money to her. Though Li Lan returned the money as she promised, they didn’t get along well from then on.Question: Why did Li Lan feel unpleasant?Case 4In 1997, a Danish woman from Copenhagen left her 14-month-old baby girl in a stroller outside a Manhattan restaurant while she was inside. Other diners at the restaurant became concerned and called New York City Police. The woman was charged with endangering a child and was jailed for two nights. Her child was placed in foster care. The woman and the Danish consulate explained that leaving children unattended outside cafes is common in Denmark. Pictures were wired to the police showing numerous strollers parked outside cafes while parents were eating inside. Question: What cultural phenomenon can be reflected?Case 5Describing the differences of verbal communication Styles between Chinese people and American people. Take examples to explain it.Case 6Xie Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Xie Li: I don’t know where it went wrong!Tom: Don’t feel so bad. Cheer up; you’ve done your job.Xie Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I’ll face the music.Xie Li: Tom, we are not playing children’s games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom: I’ve never taken the experiment as child’s play and I’m playing the game.Xie Li: You say you’re playing the game! It’s a rather important experiment!Xie Li walks out of the laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question: What’s the problem in this case?Case 7A young Chinese officer, together with his wife, was meeting an American consultant at an airport. After phatic communication, the consultant complimented him on his wife out of politeness, “Your wife is beautiful!” The officer felt embarrassed and said, “Where! Where!”（哪里！哪里！）“Where! Where!” the consultant was puzzled and had to say,“From head to foot.”Question: What went wrong in the case and Why?。