翻译

Assignment
• 1. Please translate Unit 2 lesson 3 “Abraham Lincoln”. • 2. Please translate Unit 2 Exercise VII (P34) “王冕”
• 徐霞客有“穷九州内外，探奇测秘”之志， • “九州”指哪里？ • Xiu Xiake had the aspiration of “traveling to every corner of China and exploring the unknown”; 具体到抽象
• 父亲早逝，母亲竭诚支持他的志趣， • His father died when he was very young? • 以上翻译是否妥当？ • His father died in his early year (at a young age), but his mother fully supported him in his pursuit,
• 并且为儿子亲手缝制“远游冠”，以壮行 色。 • and made “travelling cap/hat” （意译）by herself to encourage his（增代词，理清逻 辑关系）travels. （合句）
• 与一般人的“有方之游”不同，徐霞客追 求的是不问道里，不计行期的“万里遐 征”。 • “有方之游”是何意？ • “万里遐征”是具体所指吗？ • Different from/unlike those who travelled with selected routes（无对等词，意译）, Xu tended to travel without planning where his destination is and how far he will go.
People Translation
பைடு நூலகம்
千古奇人徐霞客
• 徐霞客（1587－1641），名宏祖，字振之， 号霞逸，江阴（今属江苏）人。他的好友 陈继儒因他酷爱旅行，经常餐霞宿露于山 林野泽之间，为他取号“霞客”。徐霞客 有“穷九州内外，探奇测秘”之志，父亲 早逝，母亲竭诚支持他的志趣，并且为儿 子亲手缝制“远游冠”，以壮行色。
• 即使栖身山野，也点燃枯枝照明，坚持记 录。 • Even when he perched himself in the mountains, he still lit dead twigs as light to keep on writing his travel record. • 原文省略了“施动者”，译文作了补充， 为什么？
Hints for translating this passage
• Your translation should be easily understandable and intelligible to foreign receptors. • You may not find exact equivalent words in English for some expressions, so literal translation is not justifiable in some cases.
• 如此日积月累，除佚散者之外，遗有六十多万字 的游记资料，后人辑为《徐霞客游记 》。 • 如何处理句子结构？ • Accumulated day by day and month by month (over a long period), except those had been lost, there were still over 600,000 words of travelling diaries left, which were edited by people after him as “Travelling Notes of Xu Xiake”.
• 与一般人的“有方之游”不同，徐霞客追 求的是不问道里，不计行期的“万里遐 征”。从二十二岁到去世的三十多年间， 他旅泊崖栖，风餐露宿，涉洪流，探洞穴， 滑陡坡，攀险峰，又是遇盗绝粮，挫折累 累，始终没有动摇他的意志。
• 在漫长的旅游生涯中，徐霞客每到一处都 注意考察山川形势、地质水文、物产名俗 等，用日记的形式加以记录，即使栖身山 野，也点燃枯枝照明，坚持记录。如此日 积月累，除佚散者之外，遗有六十多万字 的游记资料，后人辑为《徐霞客游记》。
• 在漫长的旅游生涯中，徐霞客每到一处都注意考 察山川形势、地质水文、物产名俗等，用日记的 形式加以记录， • During his long journey, wherever he went，Xu made a careful study of the local mountains and rivers situation, geographic and hydrologic features, customs and products，and he （增词） recorded all of them （增词） with diaries. • 英文讲究逻辑，增词使逻辑关系更清晰。
• 他的好友陈继儒因他酷爱旅行，经常餐霞 露宿于山林野泽之间，为他取号“霞客”。 • He keenly loved travelling, and often ate and spent his night outdoors（意译） during his travels，(避免误解，加入时间背 景) so his friend Chen Jiru gave him a nickname “Xiake”. • （调整语序，使之符合英文表述习惯）
• 从22岁到去世的三十多年间，他旅泊崖栖， 风餐露宿，涉洪流，探洞穴，滑陡坡，攀 险峰，又是遇盗绝粮，挫折累累，始终没 有动摇他的意志。 • 典型的中文“竹节型”结构，如何将此结 构转为英文“葡萄串型”结构？
• During the 30 years from 22 years old to his death, he had undergone all kinds of hardship: （概括性增词，转换句子结构） sailing in big lakes, sleeping outdoors, walking in floods, exploring caves, walking on steep slopes, climbing dangerous peaks, being robbed and having no food left, etc., but which had never shaken his mind.
• 千古奇人徐霞客 • Historic Legend of Xu Xiake
• What’s your choice for basic tense in your translation?
• 徐霞客（1587－1641），名宏祖，字振之，号霞 逸，江阴（今属江苏）人。 • Xu Xiake, whose given name was Hongzu, courtesy name Zhenzhi, and assumed name Xiayi, （没有对等词，采取意译） lived in Jiangyin (located in present Jiangsu province). （ 改换说法） • (words with Chinese characteristics have to be translated in such a way so that misunderstanding will not arise.)