A Clean, Well-Lighted Place and Hemingway
A-Clean--Well-Lighted-Place
What are their different opinions about a café and a bodega/a bar?
In his opinion, a café was "clean, welllighted" while a bodega was dirty, noisy and unpleasant.
The Iceberg Theory (also known as the "theory of omission") is the writing style of American writer Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway began his writing career as a reporter. Journalistic writing, particularly for newspapers, focuses only on events being reported, omitting superfluous and extraneous matter. When he became a writer of short stories, he retained this minimalistic style, focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing the underlying themes. Hemingway believed the true meaning of a piece of writing should not be evident from the surface story, rather, the crux of the story lies below the surface and should be allowed to shine through. Critics such as Jackson Benson claim that his iceberg theory, in combination with his distinctive clarity of writing, functioned as a means to distance himself from the characters he created.
19.A clean,well-lighted place
The most obvious image used by Hemingway in this story is that of the contrast between light and dark. The cafe is a “Clean, WellLighted Place”. It is a refuge from the darkness of the night outside. Darkness is a symbol of fear and loneliness. The light symbolizes comfort and the company of others. There is hopelessness in the dark, while the light calms the nerves. Unfortunately for the old man, this light is an artificial （虚假，矫揉）one, and its peace is both temporary and incomplete.
Near the end of the story, the author shows us the desperate emptiness of a life near finished without the fruit of its labor, and the aggravation of the old man‘s restless mind that cannot find peace. Throughout this story stark images of desperation show the old man’s life at a point when he has realized the futility（无意义） of life and finds himself the lonely object of scorn.
最新A-Clean-Well-lighted-Place原文-附带解析
A Clean, Well-lighted PlaceErnest HemingwayIt was late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him."Last week he tried to commit suicide," one waiter said."Why?""He was in despair.""What about?""Nothing.""How do you know it was nothing?""He has plenty of money."They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind.The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The younger waiter went over to him."What do you want?"The old man looked at him. "Another brandy," he said."You'll be drunk," the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter went away. "He'll stay all night," he said to his colleague. "I'm sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o'clock. He should have killed himself last week."The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafeand marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his colleague again."I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed?""He stays up because he likes it.""He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.""He had a wife once too.""A wife would be no good to him now.""You can't tell. He might be better with a wife.""I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing.""Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even now, drunk. Look at him.""I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work."The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters. "Another brandy," he said, pointing to his glass. The waiter who was in a hurry came over."Finished," he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. "No more tonight. Close now." "Another," said the old man."No. Finished." The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head.The old man stood up, slowly counted the saucers, took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip.The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity."Why didn't you let him stay and drink?" the un hurried waiter asked. They were putting up the shutter. "It is not half past two.""I want to go home to bed.""We are of two different kinds," the old waiter said. He was now dressed to go home. "It is not only a question of youth and confidence although those things are very beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be someone who needs the cafe.""Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long.""You do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.""Good night," said the younger waiter."Good night," the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself. It is the light of course, but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was nothing too. It was only that the light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada y pues nada y nada y pues nada.He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine. "What yours?" asked the barman."Nada.""Otro loco mas," said the barman and turned away."A little cup," said the waiter.The barman poured it for him."The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished," the waiter said.The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night for conversation. "You want another copita?" the barman asked."No, thank you," said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it was probably only insomnia. Many must have it.。
a clean well lighted place中的象征
a clean well lighted place中的象征
《A Clean, Well-Lighted Place》中有几个主要的象征。
以下是
其中几个：
1. 空旷和黑暗的咖啡馆：咖啡馆代表着人类孤独和无意义的存在。
在故事中，老人和酒徒需要去一个空旷安静的地方逃避他们内心的痛苦和不安。
咖啡馆的黑暗暗示了人们内心的黑暗。
2. 老人：老人代表着孤独、绝望和无助。
他沉迷于孤独和酒精，试图逃避内心的孤独。
他无法承受无意义的现实，尤其是在静谧的夜晚。
3. 喧闹的咖啡馆和繁忙的街道：咖啡馆和街道的喧嚣对比了老人的渴望沉默和平静。
这两个地方繁忙的人群和噪音代表了现实世界的混乱和无序。
4. 年轻的侍者和老侍者之间的对话：年轻的侍者代表了年轻和急躁的一代，他们没有耐心和同情心。
老侍者则代表了有同情心和对他人需求的理解。
他试图给老人提供一个宽慰的地方，以让他在夜晚找到一点安宁。
这些象征物质地表达了人类存在的绝望、迷失和对意义的追寻，以及对孤独和宁静的渴望。
ACleanWelllightedPlace一个干净明亮的地方
A-Clean--Well-lighted-Place一个干净明亮的地方Questions1.What is the meaning of u nada59? What is thewriter^ intention of replacing many words inthe prayers with u nada59?2.Why does the writer not give the names of thecharacters? How can you distinguish the twowaiters?3.Why does this place have to be clean and well-lighted? What do cleanliness and brightnessrepresent?4.What is the writing style of the story? What isthe theme of the story?Text Study: n A Clean, Well-lighted Place nIt was late and every one had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty; but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him."Last week he tried to commit suicide/1 one waiter said.” Why?”n He was in despair.n"What about?n” Nothing.”How do you know it was nothing?nn He has plenty of money.nThey sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. A girl and a soldier went by in the street. The street light shone on the brass number on his collar. The girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him・"The guard will pick him up,H one waiter said. "What does it matter if he gets what he's after?n "He had better get off the street now. The guard will get him・ They went by five minutes ago."The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The younger waiter went over to him."What do you want?"The old man looked at him. M Another brandy/1 hesaid・''You'll be drunk/1 the waiter said・ The old man looked at him・ The waiter went away・"He'll stay all night/f he said to his colleague. 'Tm sleepy now・ I never get into bed beforethree o f clock. He should have killed himself last week."The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brand y・"You should have killed yourself last week/1 he said to the deaf man. The old man motioned with his finger・n A little more/1 he said・ The waiter poured on into the glass so that the brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile. H Thank you/1 the old man said. The waiter took thebottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his colleague again・"He's drunk now，" he said."H E'S drunk every night.n "What did he want to kill himself for?""How should I know."”How did he do it?”"He hung himself with a rope.n”Who cut him down?”"His niece.H”Why did he do it?”n For his soul.""How much money has he got?""H&s got plenty.H"He must be eighty years old."M Anyway I should say he was eighty.nH I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock. What kind of hour is that to go to b ed?”n He stays up because he likes it.""He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.nn He had a wife once too."M A wife would be no good to him now.""You can't tell. He might be better with a wife.n"His niece looks after him."n I know・ You said she cut him down."H I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing.n"Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling・ Even now, drunk. Look at him.nn I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work.nThe old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters.H Another brandy/1 he said，pointing to his glass. The waiter who was in a hurry came over・n Finished/1 he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners・"No more tonight. Close now."n Another/1 said the old man."No. Finished.H The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head.The old man stood up，slowly counted the saucers，took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity,. "Why didn't you let him stay and drink?M the unhurried waiter asked・ They were putting upthe shutters. H It is not half-past two."H I want to go home to bed.""What is an hour?nH More to me than to him.""An hour is the same.""You talk like an old man yourself. He can buy a bottle and drink at home."''It's not the same.""No, it is not/* agreed the waiter with a wife. He did not wish to be unjust. He was only in a hurry ・"And you? You have no fear of going home before your usual hour?nM Are you trying to insult me?""No, hombre, only to make a joke.nn No/f the waiter who was in a hurry said, rising from putting on the metal shutters. n I haveconfidence・ I am all confidence.n"You have youth，confidence, and a job，" the older waiter said・"You have everything.H"And what do you lack?"M Everything but work.H"You have everything I have.""No. I have never had confidence and I'm not young.n"Come on. Stop talking nonsense and lock up.nT am of those who like to stay late at the cafe畀the older waiter said."With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night.nT want to go home and into bed."H We are of two different kinds畀the older waiter said. He was now dressed to go home・"It is not only a question of youth and confidence althoughthose things are very beautiful. Eachnight I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the cafe."n Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long.""You do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.H"Good night/1 said the younger waiter."Good night/1the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself. It is the light of course but it is necessary that the place be clean and light. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not fear or dread・ It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was nothing too. It was only that and light was all it needed and acertain cleanness and order・ Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it was already nada y pues nada y pues nada・ Our nada who art in nada9 nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada as it is in nada・ Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada・ Hail nothing full of nothing, nothing is with thee・ He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine・"What's yours?n asked the barman.,f Nada.HH Otro loco mas J said the barman and turned awa y・n A little cup畀said the waiter.The barman poured it for him."The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished/1 the waiter said.11The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night for conversation."You want another copita?M the barman asked・"No, thank you/1 said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing・ Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room・He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep・ After all，he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it.。
A clean, well-lighted place
I agree that “A clean, well-lighted place”is an example of existential literature. Existentialism “generally focused on the condition of human existence, and an individual's emotions, actions, responsibilities, and thoughts, or the meaning or purpose of life”(Wikipedia). “A clean, well-lighted place”shows the main concept “nada,” which means nothingness through two waiters’ conversations about a deaf old man (Hemingway).The deaf old man once suicides, because he feels meaningless to live in the chaotic world. Although he “has plenty of money,” he “was in despair” (Hemingway). The older waiter understands what the old man did. He understands the nothingness. He said he lacks “everything but work,” so he also goes to drink like the deaf old man after the caféis closed (Hemingway). For the old man and the older waiter, work and money are meaningless and cannot make them feel real existence. Therefore, what they feel is only nothingness.On the contrary, the young waiter expresses different opinion of life. He complains the old man stays late and wants to go home as soon as possible. He believes working to make much money is necessary to enjoy good life. His mind is full of material desire, so he cannot understand what the deaf man did and even laughed at him. In fact, he is arrogant and still does not know what he really needs in his life.The writer Hemingway describes three people’s different attitudes of life. The greater the age, the deeper the comprehension to life. Through the old man’s negative behaviors, the older waiter’s deeply thoughts, and young waiter’s ignorance of thetruth of life, Hemingway inspires people to think their own meaning of existence. Therefore, I think this story is a good example of existential literature.Works Cited“Existentialism.” The free encyclopedia: Wikipedia. ed. 2011.Hemingway, Ernest. “A Clean, Well-lighted Place.” Elements of Literature. 2004. Ed.Jin, Li, and Zhang Jian. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching And Research P,2007. 102-106.。
a clean well lighted place课文主旨
a clean well lighted place课文主旨《A Clean, Well-Lighted Place》是美国作家欧内斯特·海明威创作的一篇短篇小说。
这个故事讲述了一个老人在一个干净明亮的咖啡馆里寻找宁静和孤独的故事。
通过这个故事，海明威探讨了人类存在的孤独和虚无感，以及在这个冷漠世界中渴望找到一种避风港的愿望。
整个故事发生在一个深夜的咖啡馆里，描述了三个角色：一个年轻的服务生，一个年长的服务生和一个年老的酒鬼。
年老的酒鬼醉醺醺地坐在吧台前，喝了很多杯酒后变得非常沮丧。
年长的服务生对老人的痛苦感同身受，感到同情，而年轻的服务生则没有感同身受。
年长的服务生向年轻的服务生解释了老人的痛苦和他对清洁，光亮和宁静的渴望。
这表明了年长的服务生对于孤独和虚无感的深刻理解。
最后，年长的服务生关上了咖啡馆的灯光，坐在暗中，站在象征沉默和孤独的黑暗之中。
这个场景强调了孤独和存在的无聊性。
故事的主旨主要包括以下几个方面：1. 孤独和沮丧感：故事中的老人是一个在意识到自己的老去和腐朽之后变得孤独和沮丧的人物。
他试图通过饮酒来逃避这种孤立感，但最终他还是被孤独感所困扰。
这反映了人类存在的一种无可避免的孤独感。
2. 生活的虚无：故事的背景是一个干净明亮的咖啡馆，但这种生活的舒适并不能带来真正的满足和愉悦。
每个人都有自己的孤独感和困惑，每个人都在寻求一种避风港来逃避这种虚无感。
3. 渴望宁静和光明：故事中的老人渴望一种宁静和光明的环境，他在找到这种环境后才能真正放松和平静下来。
对于他来说，这个干净明亮的咖啡馆就是这样一个地方，他可以在其中找到短暂的慰藉和平静。
4. 无法逃避的黑暗：故事的结尾描写了年长的服务生关上了咖啡馆的灯光，陷入黑暗中。
这象征着无法摆脱的黑暗和存在的无聊性。
无论我们对生活有多少期望，最终我们都会面对生活的无常和空虚。
总之，《A Clean, Well-Lighted Place》通过描述一个老人在咖啡馆中追求宁静和孤独的故事，探讨了人类存在中的孤独和虚无感。
a clean, well-lighted place故事观点
《A Clean, Well-Lighted Place》是海明威的一部短篇小说，讲述了一个老人与酒馆中的服务员关于孤独、死亡和存在的对话。
在故事中，海明威通过对话的形式，探讨了人性的孤独、死亡、自由、信仰等多个主题。
首先，在孤独主题上，故事中的老人表现出深深的孤独感，他认为除了自己之外，所有人都是幸福的。
这种孤独感源于老人的生活经历和心态，他失去了家人和朋友的陪伴，感到无助和失落。
海明威通过这个故事表达出对孤独的深刻思考，认为孤独是人生中不可避免的一部分，但人们应该学会接受和面对它。
其次，在死亡主题上，故事中的老人和服务员都有对死亡的恐惧和不安。
老人害怕死亡后的未知，而服务员则担心自己的生命安全。
这种对死亡的恐惧和不安是人类的共性，海明威通过这个故事表达出对死亡的深刻思考，认为人们应该学会接受死亡，珍惜生命中的每一个时刻。
最后，在自由和信仰主题上，故事中的老人和服务员对于自由和信仰有不同的理解和态度。
老人认为自由和信仰是人生的本质，而服务员则认为自由和信仰是空洞的口号。
这种不同的理解和态度反映出人性的多样性和复杂性。
海明威通过这个故事表达出对自由和信仰的深刻思考，认为自由和信仰是人生中不可或缺的部分，但人们应该根据自己的实际情况去理解和追求。
综上所述，《A Clean, Well-Lighted Place》这部小说通过探讨孤独、死亡、自由、信仰等多个主题，深刻地揭示了人性的复杂性和多样性。
同时，海明威通过对话的形式，将这种深刻思考与现实生活紧密相连，使读者能够从中得到启示和感悟。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
The writers considered themselves "lost" because their inherited values, which focused on God, love, and manhood, could not operate in the postwar world and they felt spiritually alienated from a country they considered hopelessly provincial and emotionally barren. They struggled with moral and psychological aimlessness as they searched for the meaning of life in a changed world. This search for meaning and these feelings of emptiness and aimlessness reflect some of the principle ideas behind existentialism.
Hemingway’s Major Works
◆Novels:
◆ The Torrents of Spring (1925, first novel ) ◆ The Sun Also Rises (1926 first literary success & regarded as manifesto for Lost Generation); ◆A Farewell to Arms (1929); ◆ The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1936); ◆To Have and Have Not (1937); ◆For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940); ◆The Old Man and the Sea (1952)
Hemingway‘s hero----code hero 准则英雄
an average man of decidedly masculine tastes, sensitive and intelligent, a man of action, and one of few words. That is an individualist keeping emotions under control, stoic and selfdisciplined in a dreadful place. These people are usually spiritually strong, people of certain skills, and most of them encounter death many times.
The Period of Modernism(1918---1945)
WW1 was regarded as a dividing line between 19th & 20th C. in American literature; Millions of Americans fought in the war, believing it a “war to make the world safe for democracy” as President Wilson called it; The war began as an enthusiastic fighting for democracy and purity but ended with a total disillusionment. The post-war writers acknowledged themselves as a “ Lost Generation”, devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization, and many of them became conscious expatriates. The years between 1920s & 1930s was a time of economic boom & prosperity.
Hemingway’s Life Experience
Born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois; an American writer and journalist; part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris; one of the veterans of World War I; known as a spokesman for the “Lost
Existentialism
a philosophical movement rooted in the work of the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard(克尔恺郭尔), who lived in the mid-1800s. The movement gained popularity in the mid-1900s thanks to the work of the French intellectuals Jean-Paul Sartre(萨特), Simone de Beauvoir(波伏瓦), and Albert Camus(加缪), including Sartre’s Being and Nothingness (1943). According to existentialists, life has no purpose, the universe is indifferent to human beings, and humans must look to their own actions to create meaning, if it is possible to create meaning at all. Existentialists consider questions of personal freedom and responsibility. Although Hemingway was writing years before existentialism became a prominent cultural idea, his questioning of life and his experiences as a searching member of the Lost Generation gave his work existentialist overtones.
The lost generation
It refers to group of U.S.writers and artists living in Paris after World War I, who established their reputations in the 1920s; more broadly, the entire post – World War I American generation.
The term was coined by Gertrude Stein in a remark to Ernest Hemingway, which also embraces F. Scott Fitzgerald, John Dos Passos, E.E. Cummings among others
◆Story Collections: ◆ In Our Time (1925); ◆ Men Without Women (1927); ◆ Winner Take Nothing (1933)
Hemingway’s themes
Grace under pressure;
War and influence of war on people, with scenes connected with hunting, bull fighting which demand stamina and courage, and with the questions: (1) how to live with pain? (2) how human beings live gracefully under pressure?
The Period of Modernism(1918---1945)
American motion picture industry rose into world dominance & jazz music spread throughout the world (the “Jazz Age” or the “Roaring Twenties”) . The crash of the stock market at the end of 1929 marked the beginning of the Great Depression, shattered the public complacency & weakened the confidence of American people in the government. World WarII, the cataclysm that dominated the 1940s, ended the social upheavals of the Great Depression.
Hemingway’s style of writing
There is always simplicity, naturalness, directness & clarity in his writing: a. simple and natural b. direct, clear and fresh c. lean and economical d. simple, conversational, commonly found, fundamental words filled with emotion e. short, uncomplicated but active sentences; f. fewl of pause with action of the story continuing during the silences; g. Iceberg Theory : understatement, implied things;1/8 principle; h. symbolism