the difference between chinese and western education
The Difference Between Chinese and Western Education
Nowadays, the situation in China is that people are pursuing the diploma madly, they associate the study at school with the work after graduation but do not place emphasis on the practice. We put much priorities on personal outward success, namely the status, the fame and the fortune and other external or visible things. While the westerners encourage the children to gain the real ability and become real excellent even if it is not an assurance that they will earn a lot of fortune in the meanwhile.
By contrast, kids in the west can do whatever they are interested in and they have free options to attend piano class and chess class or some other class they like. They have totally autonomy which contributes to their future fantastic creativity.
Chinese people expect their children or relatives to be number one, they insist that "An old man's saying are seldom untrue" and require the youngers to follow their willings .
中西方的不同 The difference between Chinese and Western
food
3. Chinese families will prepare a lot of dishes when celebrating a festival and it is a lot to entertain guests; but Americans never extravagant when entertain guests or celebrate a festival. 4. Chinese like vegetable oil such as the soya bean oil while cooking; Americans like animal oil such as the butter.
• But the nutritionist thinks that it is more beneficial eat fruit before the meal.
11. Chinese often drink a cup of hot tea after the meal; but Americans like drinking coffee after the meal. Tea can reduce cholesterol, but coffee will improve the fat of blood and stimulate the heart.
5. Chinese often put in more salt while cooking; but the salt that Americans put in is only Chinese half. It may cause all sorts of diseases to take in too much salt.
中西差异 英语作文
中西差异英语作文The Differences Between Chinese and Western Cultures。
As the world becomes more globalized, understanding the differences between Chinese and Western cultures is becoming increasingly important. While there are many similarities between the two, there are also many differences that can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. In this essay, I will explore some of the key differences between Chinese and Western cultures.One of the most significant differences between Chinese and Western cultures is the concept of individualism versus collectivism. In Western cultures, individualism is highly valued, and people are encouraged to pursue their own goals and interests. In contrast, Chinese culture places a greater emphasis on collectivism, which values the group over the individual. This can be seen in the importance placed on family and community, as well as the concept of "face" or reputation.Another key difference between Chinese and Western cultures is the role of hierarchy and authority. In China, respect for authority and hierarchy is deeply ingrained in the culture. This can be seen in the importance placed on age and seniority, as well as the deference shown to those in positions of power. In contrast, Western cultures tend to be more egalitarian, with less emphasis on hierarchy and more emphasis on individual rights and freedoms.Language is also an important factor in understanding the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. Chinese is a tonal language, which means that the meaning of a word can change depending on the tone in which it is spoken. This can be difficult for Westerners to grasp, as their languages are not tonal. Additionally, Chinese is a highly contextual language, with many words and phrases having multiple meanings depending on the context in which they are used. This can lead to misunderstandings when communicating with Westerners, who tend to rely more on direct and explicit language.Finally, attitudes towards time and punctuality differ between Chinese and Western cultures. In China, punctuality is not always a top priority, and it is not uncommon for meetings to start late or for people to arrive after the scheduled start time. In contrast, Western cultures place a high value on punctuality, and being late is considered rude and disrespectful.In conclusion, understanding the differences between Chinese and Western cultures is essential for effective communication and cooperation in today's globalized world. While there are many similarities between the two, there are also many differences that can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. By recognizing and respecting these differences, we can build stronger relationships and work together more effectively.。
中西文化的不同的英语作文小学
中西文化的不同的英语作文小学The differences between Chinese and Western cultures are vast and varied. One major difference is the concept of individualism versus collectivism. In Western cultures, there is a focus on individual success and personal achievement. People are encouraged to express their own opinions and pursue their own goals. On the other hand, Chinese culture values collectivism and harmony within the group. The needs of the group are often prioritized over the needs of the individual, and there is an emphasis on maintaining social harmony.Another difference is the way time is perceived. In Western cultures, time is often viewed as a commodity that can be bought, sold, and wasted. There is a focus on punctuality and efficiency. In contrast, Chinese culture places a greater emphasis on the cyclical nature of time and the importance of patience and perseverance. Time is seen as a natural progression rather than a limited resource.Additionally, communication styles differ between the two cultures. In Western cultures, direct and explicitcommunication is valued. People are encouraged to speak their minds and express their thoughts openly. In Chinese culture, indirect communication and nonverbal cues are often used to convey messages. There is an emphasis on saving face and maintaining harmony, which may lead to more subtle and nuanced communication.Finally, the role of family is another significant difference between Chinese and Western cultures. In Western cultures, there is a greater emphasis on individual independence and autonomy. Children are encouraged to leave the family home and pursue their own lives as adults. In Chinese culture, however, the family is considered the primary unit of society. Family relationships are highly valued, and there is an expectation of filial piety and respect for elders.中西文化的不同之处是广泛而多样的。
中西文化差异比较(英文)
The difference between chinese and western cultureWith the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of ince isolared groups of people. Now these people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other. So all the people are faced with the challenge of understand this world. So when the east meet west, there are many problems. Some problems are listed as follows.First of all, the way of eating. All huaman beings have certain basic needs. Our fundamental needs for things that keep us alive. This is the physioligical need. All individuals must eat in order to survive. But what people eat, when they eat, and the manners in which they eat are all patterned by culture. No society views everything in its environment that is edible and might provide nurishment as food. Americans eat oysters but not snail. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russiand eat beef but not snake. We all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of food are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the food that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. Dislike is not the only reason why some culture will not eat a certain food. In some clture, certain foods are taboo. Sometimes the food taboos may be so strong thrat just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an indivdual to feel ill. We can also find culture difference in way of bring up children treating the early, greeting each other, saying and spending money before other people do in everyday, but in some English-speaking countries, people do not agree with us. We chinese may enjoy something that is not usually consider as edible by the English-speaking people. Generally we perfer to have thing hot and much emphasis on the taste. We eat from one plate when we are eating with others, and we like to seat one by one, and in the shape of a round. On the opposite, some English-speaking contries, most of the people like to seat in two rows, two people face to face. They have their own plate.On the aspect of table manners, there are many differences between chinese and English-speaking people. For example, in some Englishi-speaking countries, Bread plates are to the left of the main plate, beverage glasses are to the right. Salad fork, knife and soup spoon are further from themain plate than the main course knife, fork and spoon. When eating bread rolls, break off a piece before buttering. Use the knife only to butter the bread, not to cut it. They should not start eating before your host does or instructs to do so. At larger meals, it is considered okay to start eating once others have been served. When finished, place the knife and fork together at five o’clock with the fork on the left. It is considered rude to answer the telephone at the table. If need to take an urgent call, excuse self and go outside. Try to eat all the food you are served. But in China, the table manners are different. Chinese traditionally eat rice from a small bowl held in the left hand. The rice bowl is raised to the mouth and the rice pushed into the mouth using the chopsticks. Some Chinese find it offensive to scoop rice from the bowl using a spoon. If rice is served on a plate, as is more common in the West, it is acceptable and more practical to eat it with a fork or spoon. The thumb must always be above the edge of the bowl. The host should always make sure the guests drinks are sufficiently full. One should not pour for ones self, but should offer to pour for a neighbor. When your drink is being poured, you should say "thank you" and tap fingers on the table to show appreciation. When people wish to clink drinks together in the form of a cheer, it is important to observe that younger members should clink the edge of their drink below the edge of an elder to show respect.Secondly, the way of communication. Form birth to death, communication plays an integral part in our life. There are some language problems, including the different styles of using language such as direct, indirect; expansive, succinct; argumentative, conciliatory; instrumental, harmonnizing; and so on. These different styles can lead to wrong interpretations of intent and evaluation of insincerity, aggreeiveness, deviousness, or arrogance, among other. The misinterpretation nonverbal signs and symbols such as gestures, postures, and other body movements. It is a definite communication barrier. But it is possible to learn the meanings of these observable message,usually in informal rather ways. It is more difficult to understand the less obvious unspoken codes of the other cultures. Language, as the carrier of culture, is created during the process of human beings’ productive labor and serves as the tool of communication to convey the message between people. However, it has been endowed with magic and power in particular language acts. As the old saying goes, troubles come out of the tongue. Superstitious people think that the language itself can bring about fortune or misfortune so that taboos to restrict the use of language are created. Anyone who violates them will get punishment, whereas those who faithfully obey the restrictions of language taboo will get protection. Furthermore, linguistic taboos change with the development of society .The paper firstly analyzes the evolution of linguistic taboo. It is indicated in the paper that linguistic taboo exists in almost every aspect of people’s life and is a universal social phenomenon in China and Britain. Both Chinese andbrings shame or pride to the family. The children are trained to rely on their families, to honor elderly people, and to fear foreigners. And many of them think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.The way of family edcation is also the different. We all know the family education is the elementary education for children. Many serious problems have appeared in our education system in recent years. Almost everyone has realized the importance of solving these problems and many people have presented a lot of valuable suggestions. There are many types of family education in the world and each of them shows distinctive features and is closely responsive to its culture. And American family education is the most famous one among them. There are great differences in the concepts of education, methods of education and results of education between East family education and West family education. In some English-speaking countries, parents’aims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to environmental variety and the ability of living independently. Based on this concept, most American parents emphasize more to train their children’s ability of independence once they are born. They generally believe that children’s growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-supporting will and the capacity to live independently since their childhood. And the capacity comes from the training in the early age. The so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper will, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. However, the most fundamental training is the ability of adapting to hard conditions. Through the process of work, children will form the labor sense, learn some work skills and form a habit of labor. Besides, children can learn how to overcome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, rich their knowledge, and form a habit of hard work and thrifty by working in hard conditions. It is just in the unconsciously process that children will obtain the independent survivability and take the responsibilities for the society. Compared with some English-speaking countries, Chinese parents have a very different concept of children’s education. Some parents in China only care about whether the children have a promising future, a good job, a good life or not. Based on these expectations, the majority of parents feel that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible they can so that the children will not worry about anything in the future. Chinese parents would like to provide everything what they can for their children in the process of children’s growth. In short, they would like to sacrifice anything if their children can live better with their help. Therefore, in the process of children’s growth, the most important thing the parents concerning is to developing their children’s intellect, except for caring children’s daily life. In order to make their children have a good performance in study, become outstanding, or even become a famous person in the future, they would not let children do anything exceptstudying. As for the children’s independence, civic awareness and their ability adapting to the society in the future, they consider little or not at all. From these aspects we can find the obvious differences of family education between America and China.When we faced with those difference between West and East, we should give some advice to solve these problems. According to the three big difference that pointed, we should find some way to deal with these problems.We can study other languages and learn to expect in nonvwebal forms and other cultural aspects. We can train ourselves to meet intercultural encounters with more attention to situation details. We can use an investigative approach rather than stereotypes and preconceptions. We can gradually expose ourselves to differences so that they become less threatening. We can even learn to lower our tension level when needed to advoid triggering defensive reactions. The overall goal should be to achieve intercultural communication competence.So the ideal solution to reduce the problems are to share knowledge with others in communication. This is why it is easiest to communicate with other members of the same group. This is why people so often gather together socially with others who are very much like them. Since intercultural communication is communication with members of different cultual groups, and therefore, because we do not share knowledge, assumptions, values, and forms of discourse with them, we must expect there to be problems of interpretation. We must look for these problems, anticipate where they will arise out of our differences, and then plan our aommunications to be as effective as possible.However, we have to remember that, most of the time, the different ways that are the customs of dfferent cultures are neither right nor wrong. It is simply that different people do the same tings in different manners, even though we can not understand ,we should show the respect. I believe this is the best way to make our life become more comfortable and make the world more harmonious.。
中外差异英语作文
中外差异英语作文The Differences Between Chinese and Western English。
English is a universal language and is spoken by people all over the world. However, there are some differences between the English spoken in China and the English spoken in Western countries. These differences can be seen in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.Firstly, the pronunciation of English in China and Western countries is different. Chinese people often have difficulty pronouncing certain sounds in English, such as the "r" sound and the "th" sound. This is because these sounds do not exist in the Chinese language, and so Chinese people often struggle to pronounce them correctly. In contrast, Westerners may have difficulty pronouncing certain Chinese sounds, such as the tones in Mandarin, which can be quite challenging for those who are not familiar with tonal languages.Secondly, there are differences in vocabulary between Chinese and Western English. Chinese people often use different words and phrases to express the same ideas as Westerners. For example, in China, people may say "I go shopping" instead of "I'm going shopping", or "I have a rest" instead of "I'm taking a break". These differences in vocabulary can lead to misunderstandings and confusion when Chinese people communicate with Westerners in English.Finally, there are differences in grammar between Chinese and Western English. Chinese people often struggle with English grammar, particularly with tenses and word order. For example, Chinese people may say "I yesterday go shopping" instead of "I went shopping yesterday", or "He is a doctor" instead of "He is a doctor". These differences in grammar can make it difficult for Chinese people to communicate effectively in English.In conclusion, there are significant differences between Chinese and Western English in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. These differences can make it challenging for Chinese people to communicate with Westerners in English, and viceversa. However, with practice and exposure to Western English, Chinese people can improve their English skills and bridge the gap between Chinese and Western English. Similarly, Westerners can also make an effort to understand and accommodate the differences in Chinese English, in order to facilitate better communication and understanding between the two cultures.。
中西文化不同英语作文
中西文化不同英语作文The Differences Between Chinese and Western Cultures。
Culture is an essential part of our lives, shaping our beliefs, values, and behaviors. Chinese and Westerncultures are two of the most influential and distinct cultures in the world. They have their own unique customs, traditions, and ways of thinking. In this essay, we will explore the differences between Chinese and Westerncultures in terms of language, values, and social customs.Firstly, let's talk about language. Chinese is a logographic language, which means that each character represents a word or a meaningful part of a word. On the other hand, English is an alphabetic language, whereletters represent sounds that form words. This fundamental difference in language structure has a significant impacton the way people think and communicate. In Chinese culture, the use of idioms and proverbs is highly valued and often used in daily conversations to express wisdom andexperience. In Western culture, direct and explicit communication is more common, and people tend to be more assertive in expressing their thoughts and opinions.Secondly, values play a crucial role in shapingcultural differences. In Chinese culture, the emphasis is placed on collectivism, harmony, and respect for authority. Family is considered the most important social unit, and filial piety is a deeply ingrained value. Confucianism, with its emphasis on social hierarchy and moral values, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In contrast, Western culture values individualism, personal freedom, and equality. Independence and self-expression are highly regarded, and people are encouraged to pursue their own goals and aspirations. The Protestant work ethic, which emphasizes hard work, frugality, and individual responsibility, has played a significant role in shaping Western values.Finally, social customs in Chinese and Western cultures differ in many aspects. In Chinese culture, the concept of "face" is crucial, and people are often concerned aboutsaving face and avoiding embarrassment. This leads to indirect communication and the use of subtle gestures and cues to convey messages. In Western culture, direct and straightforward communication is valued, and people are more comfortable expressing their thoughts and feelings openly. Additionally, social etiquette and manners vary between the two cultures. For example, in Chinese culture, it is customary to address people by their titles and use formal greetings, while in Western culture, first-name basis and casual greetings are more common.In conclusion, Chinese and Western cultures aredistinct in their language, values, and social customs. Understanding and appreciating these differences can help foster better cross-cultural communication and cooperation. By recognizing and respecting the unique aspects of each culture, we can bridge the gap between East and West and build a more harmonious and inclusive global community.。
The Differences Between Chinese and Western
The Differences Between Chinese and WesternDiet CulturesIntroductionWestern and Eastern cultures are the two big cultural systems in the world, and the diet culture takes a very important place in both cultures. Therefore in this thesis the author will do a deep study about the world culture by the means of comparing the differences between Chinese and Western diet cultures from the following three aspects, namely, the differences in diet concepts,the differences in banquet etiquette and the differences in the content of diet.Mover, the author is also going to discuss about the developing tendency of the diet culture in Western and Eastern countries in the future, for eating is the basic need of mankind and reflects a country’s economic and cultural standard. Besides, this thesis will find out more information about the diet culture broad and home and the rooted causes in Chinese and Western diet cultures from the perspective of outlook, etiquette and content.With the development of the economy and culture, this study will be advantageous to improve cross-cultural communication and decrease the cultural barriers in the international communication in the world.1. The differences between Chinese and Western diet culturesIt is well known that, China is one of the most ancient nations in the world because it has a glorious history of more than 5000 years. During the long time, it has formed a broad and profound culture. With the passage of time, China’s four major styles of cooking ha ve gradually formed, all of which have their own characteristics, but they also share some features in common, such as the raw material is particular, the manufacture method is complex and the taste is varied.In the West, taking Europe and America as representatives, their cultures are similarly well established as that of China. Tracing back to the Middle Ages, when the European culture was well consummated, the Western diet culture had been already formed. The main characters of it include: the staple foods are very simple, primarily wheat flower, but the raw materials are comparatively various, and the manufacture method compared with China seems relatively simple, moreover, they care less about the taste of the food.1.1 The differences in the concepts of dietUnder the influence of the different social cultural system and customary cultural system, people in different countries hold different concepts of the diet culture.1.1.1 Social needs VS body needsOne of the most famous philosophers in the world named Confucius believed that people couldn’t live without two things: food and love. So diet culture plays a decisive role in people’s daily life in China, and its function can find expression in all aspects of people’s life. For example, the first thing the Chinese will do when they meet an acquaintance is greeting to each other like this: “Have you eaten?” and the first thing that the Chinese need to do is always eating or preparing for eating. They entertain guests on the occasion of birth, a baby’s completion of its first month of life, full year old, marriage and many other things and even of death. It seems that eating can help them communicate and express welcome or reluctance to part. Even the sentimental disturbance often draws support to the food and wine, and one kind of psychological and cultural significance as well as the realization and understanding about things that people owned are all contained in the form of eating. Therefore eating gains more profound social significance, not only remains at the original function of living or communicating, but also has been changed into the function of adjusting the social psychology.But in the Western countries, eating is just used as a means for living and a way for communicating. Thus it can be seen that in the mind of the westerners, eating only plays a role for keeping life.1.2 The differences in banquet etiquetteBanquets are held to celebrate the New Year, the Moon Festival, weddings, and other special occasions. Each event is associated with particular treats, for instance, filled moon cakes for the Moon Festival or New Year's pudding, and there are also many common characteristics and ceremonies involved. But the banquet etiquette seems different between Chinese and Western countries.1.2.1 Chopstick VS knife and forkIn China, people use Chopsticks to eat, while in the west, people use knife and fork instead. The westerners eat almost everything with a fork, and it is seemingly considered as a bad manner to hold a knife in one’s right hand longer than a few seconds, but if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, they will take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly troublesome and ludicrous, but it is considered good manners.1.2.2 South and north in China VS left and right in Western countriesSeats arrangement is a kind of important form used to show the people’s status and relationship among them.At the banquet in China, turning in the direction of south is a seat of honor. The direction of south has gradually changes into a symbol of supremacy, standing for the authority, position and status. Compared with the seat of south, the direction of north indicates a lower power.In the ancient Western society, the most honored guest would sit to the left of the host, because people used to hold the dagger in his right hand. Therefore, it is difficult for the assassin to assassinate the person sitting to the left side of the host. However, with the development of the society, the phenomenon of assassination is nearly disappeared. As a result, when modern people in the western countries arrange the seats at present, the first priority is not to fix eyes upon the safety protection, but upon the need of psychological protection.1.2.3 Going in for ostentation and extravagance VS simple and at willThere are also some rooted differences at diet banquets between Chinese and Westerncountries. In China, people lay stress on the meal itself, and go in for ostentation and extravagance. There are usually more than seven or eight courses at a formal banquet, not including the cold dish, refreshments, sweet and the staple foods (noodle, rice and so on). And the more sumptuous and valuable the cooked food is, the more hospitability is showed by the hosts. And the quantities of the cooked food prepared before hands are much more than the guest can eat, which is according to the traditional orientation of value like “持家有道，待客要丰”. So by the influence of this traditional concept, Chinese pay more attention to ostentation and extravagance, and particular about the quantity and the quality of the cooked food. The most typical example is the “满汉全席” , which is appeared in the Qing Dynasty.Compared with the Chinese, a grand Western banquet usually provides only six courses, and just two of them can be regarded as cooked food, others just serve as a contrast or foil. Consequently, a common banquet is simpler and at will. In America, every people will bring a kind of dish with them when they have a dinner party, they share their dishes with each other. And there also have another kind of party, in which the hosts just only prepare the drinking and a few simple food like cheese, chips, sandwich and so on. However, the host does not supply the meal either, so we can seen from this that westerners just regard eating as the opportunity for gathering, communicating, the chance for reviving the old friendship and associating with new friends. They do not care the eating itself, the host only tries to create a happy and relaxed atmosphere for the guests by every possible means and enable them enjoy themselves.No matter what the goal is, banquets in China all only can have one kind of form that is everybody has to sit in a circle. They must use the round table at the banquet, because they think only by this can create a kind of unity and politeness atmosphere. The delicacy delicacies should put on the center of the round table, for the food is not only the object which people appreciates, tastes, but also a medium for people to exchange their emotions. At the banquet people exchange toasts and urge other people to eat, for they feel only by this action can they manifested the traditional virtue of respect and comity to each other. Although we can find a lot of shortage obviously from the hygiene’s angle, this kind of dietetic me thod is still in keeping with the national psychology of great reunion.For the Westerners, although the food and drinking also seem very important at the banquet, in fact they are just served as a contrast or foil. Making friends with each other is the real core at thebanquet, by communicating with an adjacent seat, they reached the purpose of exchange feelings.1.2.4 “Group dancing” VS “ballroom dancing”If we compare the dietetic method to the dancing, I think we’d better regard the Chinese banquet as group dancing while the Western banquet as the ballroom dancing. From this point of view, we can see that the purpose of communication in both countries is very obvious. Only would the Chinese people like to enjoy together while the Westerners prefer to talk with the people as they like. So the buffet, which is popular in the Western country, showed an obvious difference in the dietetic method with that in China. In the buffet the westerners set out the food prepared before hand, so the guests can take the food on their own please, and the guests do not need to set in a stationary position. This kind of banquet is quite convenient for the Westerners to exchange their emotions in personal for they don’t need to express their own feelings to all the people. I think it is not only advantageous for the emotion exchange between individuals, but also has displayed their respect to other people’s personality and themselves. But as well compared with the Chinese dietetic way it seems to lack some happiness of taking a glass of wine with all people.1.2.5Toasting at banquet in ChinaToasting takes an important place in Chinese banquets. Toasting is necessary and obligatory, and the drinking of spirits start only after the host has made a toast at the beginning of the meal. At first, the host will stand and hold his glass out with both hands and say a few words. Then, when the host says the words “gan bei” which means bottoms up, all the guests should drink up their glasses. After this initial toast, drinking and toasting are open to all. The subsequent toasts can be made from people to people or to the group. No words are needed to make a toast, and there is also necessary to drink up, although drinking up can show more respect to the others. Besides, hard liquor should never be drunk alone. If the guests are thirst, they can sip beer or a soft drink individually. They must be sure to catch the eye of someone at the table if they prefer to drink hard liquor, smiling and raising the glasses, and drinking in unison. Beer or soft drinks can also be used for toasting. Also, it is impolite for one of them to fill his own glass without first filling glasses of all others. And this principle can applies to all drinks and not just to alcohol. If the guests ‘glasses become empty and the host is observant, the host will fill it for the guests immediately. Whenfilling the glass, it is polite to fill it as full as he can without having the liquid spill over the rim. This symbolizes full respect and friendship. It is a matter of courtesy for the host to try to get his guests drunk. If the guests do not intend to drink alcohol, he will make it known at the every beginning of the meal to prevent embarrassment. Even then, the host may good-naturedly try to push him into drinking. One useful way for the guest to eliminate this pressure, is to tell the host what he is allergic to alcohol.But in the Western countries, there is no toasting phenomenon, people just enjoy themselves, drink as they like.1.3 The difference in the content of dietFor some reasons of regional characters, climatic factors and different pursuit of eating, people in China and Western countries choose different raw materials for cooking and eating.1.3.1 The taste VS the nutritionAs for the Chinese cooking technique, the pursuit of delicious food nearly has reached the limit. As the old saying goes: “ Food is the first necessity of the people ”, Chinese people regard diet as the most important part in their daily life. But it is a pity for Chinese, that they have actually neglected the most basic nutritional value of the food when they take the pursuit of delicacy as the first request. Since many kinds of traditional foods in China need to be fried, stewed, simmered, braised or cooked in many other ways, the nutrition in the food have partly been destroyed in the process of cooking. Therefore, in fact it has really touched the biggest weakness in Chinese diet culture when it refers to the nutrition problem of the food. There is another popular saying among the peop le: “ Food is the first necessity of the people, and the food take the taste as the firsst ”. Precisely because of the pursuit of delicacy, the Chinese really have neglected the true significance of the diet.Compared with the Chinese who pay a lot of attention to the taste of food, the Westerners own a reasonable outlook on the diet. No matter what kind of color, fragrance, taste and shape the food is, they often put the attention into the nutrition. They lay particular stress on how much of heat, vitamin, protein and other useful nutrition they have absorbed from the food they eat every day.Even if the taste of the food is stereotyped or not tasty, they are still pleased to eat, simply for its nutrition. For example, the westerners may fastidious about the tableware, the raw material, the services, the matching of the raw material’s color and shape at their banquets, but no matter how luxurious or upscale their banquets are, from Los Angeles to New York, all the beefsteak only has the same flavor, which does not have any artistic value. As the cooked food, the chicken is just the chicken; and the beefsteak is still the beefsteak, even though they have matches that carry on in the plate, like the “French mutton chop ”, first ly, the Western cooks put some mashed potatoes in one plate, then the mutton chop in one side of the potatoes, and another side matches some boiled green beans, At last, several piece of tomatoes are added in the plate then the “French mutton chop ”is finished. From the aspect of color, it certainly contrasts distinctively, but from the taste, each kind of raw material with no relevance or harmony is just simple and bright. In the west, people think the cooked food is just used to satisfy their hunger, therefore they usually like to eat the bulk meat, the entire block chicken and the hard-food. When Westerners introduce their own diet characters, they think they paid more attention to the reasonable collocation of nutrition than Chinese. They have already developed the food industry, such as canned food, fast food and so on, although the taste of their food is stereotyped, but it actually saves the time. Moreover, the nutrition of their food are plentiful, therefore their bodies are generally more vigorous and healthier than the Chinese. They are tall and big and have spacious shoulder and developed muscle.But as a matter of fact, this kind of difference is likely to become more and more obscure along with the science development. Then the differences become not very distinct in the dietetic method between Chinese and Westerners in today’s society. More and more Chinese people no longer only pay great attention to the food’s color, fragrance, taste, but paid more attention to its health and the nutrition. Besides, due to increasingly heavy work, more and more Chinese people thought it is too troublesome to prepare a meal, and it is more convenient for them to choose the fast food instead.1. 3.2 Raw materials of food: diversity of V.S monotonousnessSince China's cooked food pursues taste, Chinese cooks choose the necessary materials enormously as they please. So many kinds of raw materials which Western cooks regard as useless become extremely good in the eyes of the Chinese cooks. The Chinese cooks can handle the thingswhich the Western cooks are unable to deal with perfectly. It serves to show that Chinese cooks choose the raw material at will. According to the investigation by the western plant scholar's, the numbers of vegetables that the Chinese eats are above 600, which is 6 times more than that of the Westerners’. In fact, among the Chinese cooked food, vegetable is the most common food, cuisine food occupies a leading position among the usual diet structure. But when compared with the westerners, the Chinese appear thinner and smaller, the shoulder is narrow and their physiques are weak. According to the difference in diet object between Chinese and Westerners, some learners think Chinese people own the character of plant and the westerners own the character of animal.2. The communication and interaction between two diet culturesWith the development of economy and culture, the communication and interaction on diet culture between Chinese and Western countries will become more and more frequently an deeply.2.1The tendency of fast food in ChinaFast food is the most common form in the Western diet system, which is extremely convenient for the business men who have no time to prepare the meal, and nowadays, Chinese diet system is increasingly being altered by the growing consumption of fast food, that is to say, it is more likely that the Chinese eat more takeout meals more frequently than the westerner counterparts, according to a survey, which polled more than 14000 adults in 28 countries, 41 percent of respondents eat in fast food restaurants at least once a week in mainland China, compared with 35 percent in the United States. Elsewhere, 61 percent of Hong Kong residents say they frequent fast food places at least weekly, underscoring how Asians are more likely to carry their meal in a bag than people in any other region. By contrast, 11 percent of European adults eat take-out meals weekly.2.1.1 McDonald and Kentucky Fried ChickenA dozen years have passed since the first McDonald's outlet was established in Shenzhen. The opening of a western fast food outlet is now an everyday occurrence. McDonald's owns and operates more than 750 stores across 108 Chinese cities, with plans to add more than 100 annuallyin 2006. Another popular fast food restaurant Kentucky Fried Chicken has more than 1200 shops in China, which opened 270 new outlets in 2005 and plans to launch at least 200 in 2006, said a spokesman for Yum Brands Inc, which owns the KFC brand. Therefore fast food has become more and more common and popular in the Chinese diet system. And most of young people prefer to go there. For instance:It is reported that, one day, drained from a morning in the crowded boulevards of this teeming city, a woman named Sui Qing and her husband were inclined to find a sit-down restaurant where they could relax while waiters covered their table with a profusion of dishes -- the experience that has for centuries defined Chinese eating. But their5-year-old son had other ideas. So the couple submitted to what has become a near-universal experience among the world's parents: They agreed to go to McDonald’s.” It’s crowded," Sui said, as her husband navigated six-deep lines at the register, bearing hot chocolate and French fries. " Although this kind of fast food does not have the variety that a Chinese restaurant would have and its taste seem simple. But children like it, so we're here. And the fast food restaurant such as McDonald is a place where is clean and has the music. And there’s the feel of a western experience. Also it saves our time."So recently, fast food merchants are finding some new customers on the strength of aggressive marketing campaigns, often targeted at children and featuring lively colors and cartoon characters. The basketball icon, Yao Ming, is a visible pitchman for McDonald's. They are also capitalizing on a traditional Chinese taste for fried, salty foods, and by providing a clean eating experience in the midst of the some of the most frenetic and hygienically challenged cities in the world.2.1.2 The health problem of fast foodBut health experts fear the concurrent arrival of another sort of western phenomenon -- expanding waistlines. About 200 million Chinese are overweight and 60 million are considered obese, according to state press reports. Public health experts view the growing popularity of fast food as a primary contributor to rising rates of diabetes and high blood pressure. Young people born in the 1970s and after, lifestyles are not as healthy as before.Strangely, the uptake of fast food is happening alongside a modern-day Chinese preoccupation with weight loss. Taxis and buses in seemingly every Chinese city are plastered with ads for slimming potions and appetite suppressants.2.2 The influence of Chinese diet system on Western diet systemWith the culture communication and interaction between the two countries, more and more Westerners know more about Chinese diet culture and accept it. For example, at present most of them are familiar to the Chinese-styled food such as bean curd, dumpling, roast duck and so on.ConclusionWith the development of the economy and culture throughout the world, the cross-cultural communication and interaction will become more and more deeply and frequently, more factors and new varieties in diet cultures will arise through international cultural communication, interaction and imitation,so the diet culture between Chinese and Western will become many-faced.With regard to the Chinese people, they may be interested in the Western diet way and be accustomed to coming in and going out the Western restaurant and be willing to taste the Western-style food or Western-style fast food, nevertheless, Chinese-style food still occupies a very major position in the Chinese people’s daily life, because the concepts and customs of Chinese diet culture greatly differs with that of their westerner counterparts.In brief, it is believed that the diet cultures between Chinese and Western countries may mix together in the future, and both Chinese and Western diet cultures will have a splendid future.References1. Edward T Hall, The Silent Language, NewYork: AnchorBooks, 19902. 南怀瑾, 《论语别裁》, 上海: 复旦大学出版社, 19903. 易中天, 《闲话中国人》, 北京: 华龄出版社, 19964. 杜学增, 《中英文化习俗比较》, 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 19995. 胡文仲, 《跨文化交际学概论》, 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 19996. 顾嘉祖, 《跨文化交际》, 《外国语言文学中的隐蔽文化》, 南京: 南京师范大学出版社, 20007. 刘承华, 《对中西方文化差异的一次比较》, 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社,20028. 毕继万, 《跨文化非语言交际》, 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 19999. 林语堂, 《生活的艺术》, 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 199810. 邱国珍, 《中国传统食俗》, 广西民族出版社, 2002.111. 吴斐, 《英国社会与文化》, 武汉大学出版社, 2003.1112. 徐熊, 《话说美国》, 中国国际广播出版社, 2003.813. 姚伟钧, 方爱平, 谢定源, 《饮食风俗》, 湖北教育出版社, 200111。
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Alex-Bedfordshire-timed writing
The Differences between Chinese and Western Education
As the communication between china and western developed countries is becoming increasingly frequent, the differences between Chinese and western education has caused a heated discussion in the past few years.
For Chinese students, what they have experienced in studying is an organized learning style. Students are required to follow a clear plan and have a set structure to manage their study.They are likely to have easy access to seeking specific facts. In addition, teachers in china are common to include many facts and information in their classes, leaving students with no doubt about the subjects afterwards. What`s more, Chinese classroom tend to be more structured and authoritarian.
Compared with Chinese education,western education is more flexible and imaginative. Students there are encouraged to discuss the subject they want to learn. They are probable to use their own imagination and challenge their own abilities. At the same time, teachers will leave some questions in class to be solved by their students. And they expect students to ask themselves and them many questions. In general, classes in western countries are free, which results in an active atmosphere for students to brainstorm.
To sum up, there is no sense in debating which education is better. Both have their own advantages and are upgraded. Therefore, the two kinds of education can learn from each other and be beneficial to more and more people.。