广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课样题专业统计学
广外汉硕入学考试初试样题《汉础语基》
广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题专业：汉语国际教育考试科目：汉语基础考生须知1．本试卷共 7 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
4．考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分 150 分。
广东外语外贸大学研究生入学考试汉语国际教育专业《汉语基础》试题壹汉语语言学基础知识（共60分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共25分）1．现代汉语普通话以为语法规范。
2．与印欧语系语言相比，汉语在语法上最大的特点是。
3．现代汉语方言中，赣方言的代表话是。
4．元音与辅音的区别是。
5．普通话声母g、k、h从发音部位上看属于。
6．同一个语音系统中能够区别意义的最小语音类型单位是。
7．现代汉语普通话共有个韵母。
8．现代汉语普通话大约有个音节（包括声调）。
9．汉字是的书写符号系统。
10．《现代汉语常用字表》规定的常用字和次常用字分别是字。
11．汉字在历史上曾经被我们的邻国使用，现在还在使用部分汉字。
12．语言中最小的音义结合体是。
13．单纯词有联绵词、叠音词、、拟声词四种形式。
14．合成词有复合式、附加式、三种形式。
15．词的形态可分为两种：一是构形形态，二是形态。
16．词语的褒义、贬义关注的是词义的。
17．构成词义的最小意义单位是。
18．成语主要来于神话寓言、、口头俗语和历史故事。
19．歇后语“下雨出太阳——假晴”是采用的方式来表达语义。
20．双音节状态形容词的重叠方式是。
21．根据句子结构特点分出来的句子类型叫。
22．基本词汇有三个特点：稳固性、、全民常用性。
23．“省得”在复句中表示的关系。
24．“一A就B”是关系的复句。
25．大多数“被”字句中，“被”引出的是。
二、判断题（每小题1分，共15分）1．音节是交谈时自然感到的最小语音单位。
2．“儿化”指的是一个音节中，元音带上卷舌色彩的一种特殊音变现象。
3．轻声是汉语中的第五种声调。
4．汉字经历了甲骨文、金文、隶书、篆书、楷书、草书、行书等七种正式字体演变的过程。
精编版-2014一2020年广东外语外贸大学经济学考研真题
2014一2020年广东外语外贸大学经济学考研真题2014年广东外语外贸大学经济学考研真题一、名词解释经济租金柯斯定理理性预期二、简答题1、人口增长对经济增长的影响。
2、政府投资的挤出效应，以及其对财政政策的影响。
三、计算题1、关于MRS=Px/py消费者效用最大化的计算2、关于开放条件下四部门经济的均衡，计算投资、贸易余额、汇率四、论述题1、论述自然垄断的优势及特点及对中国政府对垄断价格进行调控有何借鉴意义。
2、论述菲利普斯原理，及国家如何进行宏观调控的启示。
2016年广东外语外贸大学经济学考研真题一、名词解释1、潜在GDP2、外部经济3、平衡预算乘数4、投资I5、帕累托优二、简答1、边际成本与边际产量的关系2、垄断需求曲线向右下倾斜的原因，画图说明3、凯恩斯用什么理论解释有效需求不足的理论，由此引申出什么政策4、投资需求的利率乘数和货币需求的利率系数对货币政策有什么影响?三、计算题1、关于效用大化的，用拉格朗日函数求解很简单2、关于均衡产量求解，书里原题四、论述1、低工资制能完保障劳动者利益吗?请画图说明2、原来我国经济增长以什么为动力源泉?以后将会或应该如何转变发展动力? 2020年广东外语外贸大学经济学考研真题一、名词解释1.边际替代率2.不可能性定理3.奥肯定律4.凯恩斯陷阱5.纳什均衡6.资本的黄金律二、简答题1.为何完全竞争厂商的供给曲线是短期成本曲线？2.影响需求价格弹性的因素3.新古典增长模型中储蓄率对经济的影响4.为什么边际税率越发，自动稳定器的作用越大？三、计算题1.给出共同的市场需求曲线P＝80-20Q，商品的MC＝20。
求出分别在古诺垄断模型，领导者—跟随者模型，卡特尔下的利润，价格，产量。
2.算三部门收入支出模型，以及各支出乘数。
四、论述题1.有些人对环境污染零容忍，认为应该集中全力治理环境。
结合微观经济学，讲下你的看法和建议。
2.我国CPI增长异常，有人觉得出现通胀。
硕士研究生入学考试初试笔试样题
2009年广东外语外贸大学硕士研究生入学考试初试笔试样题科目代码：601科目名称：英语专业水平考试英语专业水平考试试题I.Cloze (30 points, 1 point for each)Read the following passage and choose a proper word from the Word List to fill in each of the blanks in the passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the words you choose for each blank on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way:ExampleI. Cloze1. paper2. continuously3. …Now, do the Cloze.WORD LISTMost of Mark Twain‘s books bubbled out 1 him like water out of a fountain. 2 of his gifts was the capacity to take a scene and fill it 3 every sparkling detail of nature and of human action, to put in every spoken word and accompanying gesture,and to slowly exaggerate the successive moments 4 the whole episode reached a climax of joyous, sidesplitting laughter. 5 he had trouble weaving his incidents into meaningful plot patterns. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,Mark Twain‘s masterpiece, came into __6 slowly. 7 in 1876, immediately after he had dashed off The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he wrote 400 manuscript pages quickly and 8 stalled; in disgust he meditated 9 the work. __10 the winter of 1879-1880 he penned further sections; again the spark of enthusiasm died. __11 taking a journey down the Mississippi River in April, 1882, he quickly completed Lift on the Mississippi (1883) and with unabated zest 12 the novel. The trip had reawakened his boyhood memories and suggested new episodes; the two books became 13 , the weaker travel account serving as scaffolding for the great edifice.__14 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was 15 in 1884, it met a mixed reception. A Brooklyn lady protested 16 it s presence in the children‘s room of the public library; the librarian reshelved the volume in the adult area to 17 Huck‘s and Tom‘s ―mischievous and deceitful practices which made them poor examples for youth.‖ Today the novel is among the world‘s 18 and vies with Nathaniel Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter(1850) for the position of American‘s _19 artistic work of fiction.The reader is reminded at the outset that in 1850 Huck Finn had been a playmate of Tom Sawyer in St. Petersburg, Missouri, the 20 name of Mark Twain‘s native village of Hannibal. For three months Huck had lived with the lady 21 life he had saved, the Widow Douglas, ―fair, smart, and forty‖; her hill mansion was ―the only palace in the town, and the most hospitable and much the most lavish in the matter of festivities‖ that the town could boast. The lad 22 had run away from elegance was again a candidate for the major role in a rags-to-riches tale. Huck wanted it otherwise. Like Tom, whose name turns up throughout the __23 . Huck wanted adventure. For six months Huck endured starched clothes and virtual imprisonment within the mansion. When Pap returned on April 1 and took Huck 24 from the Widow, Huck came to prefer his slovenly island home. 25 against Pap‘s cruelty led Huck to plan his own ―murder‖ and to decamp about two months later. He discovered Jim 26 June 4 and started the rafting trip down the river on June 22. On July 7 he reached the Grangerfords and stayed __27 about a month. On August 10 the Duke and Dauphin came 28 the raft; their shenanigans ended at Pikeville on September 18. The 29 at Aunt Sally‘s lasted twenty-six days, until October 15. Then Huck decided to light out for Indian Territory and forever depart from a ―civilization‖ that he 30 .II. Proofreading and Error Correction (30 points, 2 points for each)The following passage contains fifteen errors. Each indicated line contains amaximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Correct the errors and write the answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way:For a wrong word, write the correct one on Your Answer Sheet.For a missing word, write the missing word with a ―∧‖ sign before it on Your AnswerSheet.For an unnecessary word, write the unnecessary word with a deleting line on it on YourAnswer Sheet.ExampleWhen ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, it 31. _____never buys things in finished form and hangs 32. _____them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. 33. _____Write on your Answer Sheet:II. Proofreading and Error Correction31. ∧an 32. never 33. exhibitNow, do the Proofreading and Error Correction.Scientists claim that air pollution causes a decline in theworld average air temperature. In order to prove that theory, [31] ___ecologists have turned to historical datum in relation to [32] ___especially huge volcanic eruptions. They suspect that volcanoesaffect weather changes that are similar to air pollution. [33]___One source of informations is the effect of the eruption [34]__of Tambora, a volcano in Sumbawa, the Dutch East Indies, inApril 1815. The largest recorded volcano eruption, Tambora [35]___threw 150 million tons of fine ash into the stratosphere. Theash from a volcano spreads around worldwide in a few days [36] ___or remains in the air for years. Its effect is to turn incoming [37] ___solar radiation into the space and thus cool the earth. For [38]___example, records of weather in England shows that between [39] ___April and November 1815, the average temperature had fallen4.5 F. During the next twenty-four months, England sufferedone of the coldest periods of their history. Far mers‘ records [40]___from April 1815 to December 1818 indicate frost throughoutthe spring and summer and sharp decreases at crop and [41]___livestock markets. Since there was a time lag of several yearsbetween cause and effect, by the time the world agriculturalcommodity community had deteriorated, no one realizes the [42]___cause.Ecologists today warn that we face a twofold menace. Theever-present possibility of volcanic eruptions, such as those [43]___of Mt. St. Helens in Washington, adde d man‘s pollution of [44]___the atmosphere with oil, gas, coal, and other pollutingsubstances, may bring us increasingly colder weather. [45]___III. Gap-filling (30points, 2 points for each)Fill in the following banks with the correct words and the correct forms of the words given according the meanings of the sentences. Write the answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way:Example46. prolong, refuse, delay, postpone, lengthenI hope the __________ of the appointment will not cause you much inconvenience.Write on your Answer Sheet:III. Gap-filling46. postponement 47. … 48. …Now, do the Gap-filling.46. affect, influence, effect, impactWe have tried our best to ________ a reconciliation between the two parties.47. attain, acquire, obtain, gain, secure, procureChrysler, including sales of newly ________ American Motors, delivered 1.01 million cars, down 17.7 percent and amounting to 9.6 percent of the market.48. ensure, assure, guaranteeThe Labor Department issued guidelines to_________ equal job opportunities for women on work paid for by federal funds.49. ability, capability, competence, capacity, aptitudeResearchers using the new measuring technique found the skull to have a ________ of only about 515 cubic centimeters (about 31 cubic inches).50. take part in, attend, participate in, enter for, joinTo the amazement of the organizing committee, so many professional singers ________ the singing competition to be held next month.51. insist on, persist in, stick/adhere to, persevere inDue to the bankruptcy of the company, they failed to ________ the original agreement.52. stable, secure, steady, firm, durablePolitical ________ and wars in many sub-Saharan countries have also contributed to poverty. As a result of such factors, the number of people living in extreme poverty in sub-Saharan Africa grew from 217 million in 1987 to more than 300 million in 1998.53. manager, director, headmaster, proprietor, governorAs one of the four ________ of the company, he often had to attend Board meetings.54. permit, allow, approve, accept, consent, endorseEligible paper, as defined in 1951, is a negotiable note, draft, or bill bearing the ________ of the member bank, the proceeds of which have been or are to be used in producing, purchasing, carrying, or marketing goods in one or more steps of the process of production, manufacture, or distribution55. income, wages, dividend, salary, earnings, pensionNow that he has retired, he lived partly on his ________ and partly on the interest on his post office savings account.56. complain, grieve, reclaim, grumbleThe peasants‘ many ________ resulting from ill-treatment by their landlords led finally to rebellion.57. renew, renovate, refresh, recreateHe had been completely exhausted but felt considerably ________ after a meal and a good rest.58. view, scene, scenery, sight, natureSwitzerland is well-known for its impressive mountainous ________.59. nevertheless, accordingly, however, yet, eventuallyHe has impressed his employer considerably and ________ he is soon to be promoted.60. gap, pause, space, interruption, intervalDuring the ________, the audience strolled and chatted in the foyer.IV. Reading Comprehension （60 points, 2 points for each）In this section, there are six reading passages followed by a total of thirty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then write your answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET.ExampleWrite on your Answer Sheet:IV. Reading Comprehension61. A 62. B 63. …Now, do the Reading Comprehension.Text ATommy Albelin, a Devils defenseman, was the team‘s most effective performer the night the Stanley Cup champions played their best game of the young season. Playing left wing instead of defense against the Detroit Red Wings last Thursdaynight, Albelin scored the second goal of the game and made the pass that set up the fourth one.Albelin played so well in the 4-2 victory that Coach Jacques Lemaire said, ―Tommy, you lost your job.‖―I was kind of surprised,‖ Albelin said today. ―When he saw the look on my face, he said very quickly ‗as a defenseman‘ and I knew then he was joking.‖Lemaire had Albelin right back on defense in the next game, last Saturday‘s 4-1 triumph over the Ottawa Senators. Albelin responded just as well, making the pass for the winning goal.With Bria n Rolston leaving today‘s practice because of a foot problem and ready to join Bobby Holik and Bob Carpenter as injured Devils, look for Albelin to return to left wing when New Jersey plays the Vancouver Canucks Wednesday night at the Meadowlands.This season, the 31-year-old Albelin has played left wing three times and defenseman four. In addition, because Albelin is so adept at skating and puck-handling, Lemaire has been using him for penalty killing and the power play.―It‘s a big advantage to have a player like him,‖ Lemaire said after today‘s practice. ―When you don‘t have the necessary player to play against a player, you can use Abbey because he adjusts very well. He listens to all the things I tell the defensemen and all the things I tell the forward s. ―Lemaire‘s decision to shuttle Albelin is not prompted by a desire to find the best position for him. Rather, it is testimony to Albelin‘s versatility.Albelin was used as a left wing for the first time by Herb Brooks, the man whom Lemaire replaced after Brooks resigned three summers ago, but he played only a handful of games in that position.The Devils changed coaches frequently in Albelin‘s early years with the team. As a result, Albelin contemplated returning home to Sweden several times. But he said today he was glad he never did.Albelin came to the Devils from Quebec in 1988 and has been a solid player. Year after year, despite coaching changes, injuries and the presence of marquee names like Scott Stevens, Slava Fetisov, Stephane Ric her and Claude Lemeiux, Albelin‘s dedication and consummate professionalism have made him an integral part of the team.―My philosophy has always been to play where the team needs me,‖ Albelin said. ―I don‘t question the decisions by the coaches. As long as I‘m out there on the ice, I don‘t care what position I play.‖Albelin has performed effectively at wing and on defense despite the different responsibilities. Judging by the way Albelin described them, it is clear he prefers to play defense.―There are a lot of adjustments you have to make as a forward,‖ Albelin said, ―You have to be a little more creative, do more things with the puck. Improvise somewhat, but to a point. As a defenseman, you can get by most of the time by giving the puck to your forwards and support the play.‖Albelin said today that the uncertainty over whether he will play defense or offense on any given night was not much of a concern in terms of preparing himself.―I don‘t mind as long as I know before the warm-ups,‖ he said.61. Tommy Albelin is _______ defenseman.A. Red WingsB. CanucksC. DevilsD. Brooks62. Albelin has played defenseman _______ this season.A. three timesB. four timesC. two timesD. five times63. Coach Lemaire shuttles Albelin because he _______.A. is versatileB. is a solid playerC. is very dedicatedD. is docile64. The Devils changed coaches frequently ________.A. in the late 1980sB. in Albelin‘s years with the teamC. as many of them resignedD. during Albelin‘s stay in the team65. Albelin prefers to play _________.A. forwardB. left wingC. defenseD. offense66. Among the following titles, ________ is suitable for the article.A. The Defenseman Albelin in Red WingsB. The Best Player in DevilsC. The Versatile Albelin in CanucksD. Versatile Albelin Brings Devil VictoriesText BThe effect of any writing on the public mind is mathematically measurable by its depth of thought. How much water does it draw? If it awaken you to think, if it lift you from your feet with the great voice of eloquence, then the effect is to be wide, slow, permanent, over the minds of men; if the pages instruct you not, they will die like flies in the hour. The way to speak and write what shall not go out of fashion is,to speak and write sincerely. The argument which has not power to reach my own practice, I may well doubt, will fail to reach yours. But take Sidney‘s maxim: —―Look in thy heart, and write.‖ He that writes to himself writes to an eternal public. That statement only is fit to be made public, which you have come at in attempting to satisfy your own curiosity. The writer who takes his subject from his ear, and not from his heart, should know that he has lost as much as he seems to have gained, and when the empty book has gathered all its praise, and half the people say, ―What poetry! What genius!‖ it still needs fuel to make fire. That only profits which is profitable. Life alone can impart life; and though we should burst, we can only be valued as we make ourselves valuable. There is no luck in literary reputation. They who make up the final verdict upon every book are not the partial and noisy readers of the hour when it appears; but a court as of angels, a public not to be bribed, not to be entreated, and not to be overawed, decides upon every man‘s title to fame. Only those books come down which deserve to last. Gilt edges, vellum, and morocco, and presentation-copies to all the libraries, will not preserve a book in circulation beyond its intrinsic date. It must go with all Walpole‘s Noble and Royal Authors to its fate. Blackmore, Kotzebue, or Pollok may endure for a night, but Moses and Homer stand forever. There are not in the world at any one time more than a dozen persons who read and understand Plato: —never enough to pay for an edition of his works; yet to every generation these come duly down, for the sake of those few persons, as if God brought them in his hand. ―No book,‖ said Bentley, ―was ever written down by any but it self.‖ The permanence of all books is fixed by no effort friendly or hostile, but by their own specific gravity, or the intrinsic importance of their contents to the constant mind of man. ―Do not trouble yourself too much about the light on your statue,‖ said Michelangelo to the young sculptor; ―the light of the public square will test its value.‖In like manner the effect of every action is measured by the depth of the sentiment from which it proceeds. The great man knew not that he was great. It took a century or two for that fact to appear. What he did, he did because he must; it was the most natural thing in the world, and grew out of the circumstances of the moment. But now, every thing he did, even to the lifting of his finger or the eating of bread, looks large, all-related, and is called an institution.67. T he following statements are wrong EXCEPT _________.A. Only the thing that is profitable profits.B. If the pages do not instruct you, they will not die like flies in the hour.C. Only the statement, which you have come at in attempting to satisfy your reader‘scuriosity, is fit to be made public.D. He that writes by himself writes to an eternal public.68.―How much water does it draw?‖ means__________.A. How much content does it have?B. How much influence does it exert?C. How much value does it have?D. How important is it?69. A writer‘s fame is decided upon by __________.A. partial and noisy readersB. a court of angelsC. an angel-like public not to be bribedD. a public to be bribed70. At any time in the world Plato‘s work are read and understood by__________.A. less than a dozen personsB. more than a dozen personsC. many peopleD. no one71. The permanence of all books is fixed by__________.A. no effortB. friendly effortC. hostile effortD. their own specific gravityText CPsychologists study memory and learning with both animal and human subjects. The two experiments reviewed here show how short-term memory has been studied.Hunter studied short-term memory in rats. He used a special apparatus which had a cage for the rat and three doors. There was a light in each door. First the rat was placed in the closed cage. Next one of the lights was turned on and then off. There was food for the rat only at this door. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage. Then, if it went to the correct door, it was rewarded with the food that was there. Hunters did this experiment many times. He always turned on the lights in a random order. The rat had to wait different intervals before it was released from the cage. Hunter found that if the rat had to wait more than ten seconds, it could not remember the correct door. Hunter‘s results show that rats have a short-term memory of about ten seconds.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 students at the University of California in Los Angeles. They represented all levels of ability inEnglish: beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students.To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Some of them had four unrelated choices. For instance, weather, method, love, result could be used as four unrelated words. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning‘s results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their shot-term memory.72. In hunter‘s ex periment, the rat had to remember_________.A. where the food wasB. how to leave the cageC. how big the cage wasD. which light was turned on73. Hunter found that rats_________.A. can remember only where their food isB. cannot learn to go to the correct doorC. have no short-term memoryD. have a short-term memory of one-sixth a minute74. Henning tested the students‘ memory of _________.A. words copied several timesB. words explainedC. words heardD. words seen75. Henning concluded that beginning and advanced students________.A. have no difficulty holding words in their short-term memoryB. differ in the way they retain wordsC. have much difficulty holding words in their short-term memoryD. hold words in their short-term memory in the same way76. The following statements are wrong EXCEPT_________.A. The rat could find the correct door when the light of the next door was turnedoffB. The rat could find the correct door to get the food whenever it was released fromits cageC. Each of the three doors had a light that was turned onD. The rat could remember where to find the food if it waited for less than tensecondsText DA Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker‘s ―mental age‖, as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the ―intelligence quotient‖, or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact on the way people think about themselves and others.No country embraced the IQ – and the application of IQ testing to restructure society – more thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet‘s original test, the Standford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning, and that is still one of its leading uses.But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence – part science, part sociology – that developed in the late 19th century, before Binet‘s work and entirely separate from it. Championed first by Charles Darwin‘s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of society would benefit.Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great sorting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement –hugely popular in America and Europe am ong the ―better sort‖ before Hitler gave it a bad name – which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927 Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I whenthey persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world‘s first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT (Study Ability Test); the Wechler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Te rman‘s own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).77. According to Terman‘s theory, a twelve-year-old boy‘s mental age is 10, then hisIQ number is about __________.A. 0.8B. 0.9C. 1.0D. 1.278. IQ test is originally used to ___________.A. find out the students who need extra help in learningB. assign young people to different majorsC. select the acceptable recruits for armyD. select the leaders for society79. The viewpoint that intelligence was mostly inherited and people deficient inintelligence should be discouraged from reproducing was held by ___________.A.IQ-testing movementB. Eugenic movementC.HitlerD.both IQ-testing and Eugenic movements80. What does the author probably mean by ―scored a great coup‖ (see Para. 5)?A. FailedB. SucceededC. CriticizedD. AdvocatedText EHistorical developments of the past half century and the invention of modern telecommunication and transportation technologies have created a world economy. Effectively the American economy has died and been replaced by a world economy.In the future, there is no such thing as being an American manager. Even someone who spends an entire management career in Kansas City is in international management. He or she will compete with foreign firms, buy from foreign firms, sell to foreign films, or acquire financing from foreign banks.The globalization of the world‘s capital markets that has occurred in the past10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade. An international perspective has become central to management. Without it managers are operating in ignorance and cannot understand what is happening to them and their firms.Partly because of globalization and partly because of demography, the work forces of the next century are going to be very different from those of the last century. Most firms will be employing more foreign nationals. More likely than not, you and your boss will not be of the same nationality. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will become a small fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance. All of these factors will require changes in the traditional methods of managing the work force.In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of participatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills. Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control; production workers must be able to do just in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a ―don‘t think, do what you are told‖ to a ―think, I am not going to tell you what to do‖ style of management.This shift is occurring not because toda y‘s managers are more enlightened than yesterday‘s managers but because the evidence is rapidly mounting that the second style of management is more productive than the first style of management. But this means that problems of training and motivating the work force both become more central and require different modes of behaviour.In the word of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the firm. They don‘t have to be scientists or engineers inventing new technologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies. If they don‘t understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes that those who do understand what is going on inside the black box make. They will be losers, not winners.Today‘s CEOs are those who solved the central problems facing their companies 20 years ago. Tomorrow‘s CEOs will be those who solve central problems facing their companies today. Sloan hopes to produce a generation of managers who will be solving today‘s and tomorrow‘s problems and because they are successful in doing so they will become tomorrow‘s captains of business.81. The author suggests that a manger should hold a _________ view onmanagement.。
2015年广东外语外贸大学国际贸易学考研真题,考研流程,考研笔记
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌 官方网站：
开设课程：【网络函授班】 【精品小班】 【高端一对一】 【状元集训营】 【定向保录】
① 101 思想政治理论 ② 201 英语一 ③ 303 数学三 ④ 814 经济学
① 925 国际经济学综合 ② 930 面试 ③ 924 中国对外贸易概论(同等学力加试) ④ 927 货币银行学(同等学力加试)
2015 年广东外语外贸大学考研指导
育明教育，创始于 2006 年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、
北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大
学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加
盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。更多详情可联系
5
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【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌 官方网站：
开设课程：【网络函授班】 【精品小班】 【高端一对一】 【状元集训营】 【定向保录】
解正确有( 2006 年多选第 26 题) A、按照平分土地的原则，满足贫雇农的要求 B、团结中农，允许中农保有比他人略多的土地 C、没收地主土地，不再对地主分配土地 D、实行耕者有其田，将土地的所有权分配给农民 (A、B、D) 4. 因果型： 特点：此题型要求考生回答知识之间的因果关系。题干是“果”，题肢是“因”，主要考
复试参考书目 •924 |中国对外贸易概论(同等学力加试) :《中国对外贸易概论》，黄建忠， 2007 年 •925|国际经济学综合:克鲁格曼等，《国际经济学：理论与政策》，中国人民大学出版社，2011 年
•927|货币银行学(同等学力加试):《货币银行学》(第 4 版)，黄达，中国人民大学出版社，2009 年
2015年广东外语外贸大学统计学考研参考书,考研研究方向,考研经验分析
【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.2015年广东外语外贸大学统计学考研参考书研究方向导师初试科目01统计分析与风险决策02宏观经济统计03经济数学模型的分析与应用04心理统计姜灵敏魏章进易行健谌秋辉袁登华①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④828西方经济学考研初试参考书：《西方经济学（微观部分、宏观部分）》(第5版)，高鸿业，中国人民大学出版社，2011年专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧，虽然每个考生的专业不同，但是在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。
以下就是针对考研专业课的一些十分重要的复习方法和技巧。
一、专业课考试的方法论对于报考本专业的考生来说，由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基础和知识储备，相对会比较容易进入状态。
但是，这类考生最容易产生轻敌的心理，因此也需要对该学科能有一个清楚的认识，做到知己知彼。
跨专业考研或者对考研所考科目较为陌生的同学，则应该快速建立起对这一学科的认知构架，第一轮下来能够把握该学科的宏观层面与整体构成，这对接下来具体而丰富地掌握各个部分、各个层面的知识具有全局和方向性的意义。
做到这一点的好处是节约时间，尽快进入一个陌生领域并找到状态。
很多初入陌生学科的同学会经常把注意力放在细枝末节上，往往是浪费了很多时间还未找到该学科的核心，同时缺乏对该学科的整体认识。
其实考研不一定要天天都埋头苦干或者从早到晚一直看书，关键的是复习效率。
要在持之以恒的基础上有张有弛。
具体复习时间则因人而异。
一般来说，考生应该做到平均一周有一天的放松时间。
四门课中，专业课（数学也属于专业课）占了300分，是考生考入名校的关键，这300分最能拉开层次。
2017年对外经济贸易大学432统计学[专业硕士]考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
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2017年对外经济贸易大学432统计学[专业硕士]考研真题及详解一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1．下列适合描述分类型数据的图形是（）。
A．条形图B．线形图C．茎叶图D．直方图【答案】A【解析】分类数据是只能归于某一类别的非数字型数据，它是对事物进行分类的结果，数据表现为类别。
分类数据的图示方法包括条形图、帕累托图、饼图、环形图等。
线形图、茎叶图和直方图适合描述数值型数据。
2．为了调查某校学生的购书费用支出，将全校学生的名单按拼音顺序排列，每隔50名学生抽取一名学生进行调查，这种调查方法属于（）。
A．简单随机抽样B．整群抽样C．系统抽样D．分层抽样【答案】C【解析】系统抽样是将总体中的所有单位（抽样单位）按一定顺序排列，在规定的范围内随机地抽取一个单位作为初始单位，然后按事先规定好的规则确定其他样本单位的方法。
典型的系统抽样是先从数字1～k之间随机抽取一个数字r作为初始单位，以后依次取r＋k，r＋2k，…。
3．某城市为了控制汽车数量，实施申领车牌资格的摇号政策，假设每人每次中签的概率均为p。
现有一家三口，则三人中至少有一人在某次摇号中中签的概率为（）。
A．3pB．p－p2＋p3C．3p－3p2＋p3D．3p－2p2＋3p3【答案】C【解析】用X表示3个人中中签的人数，则X～B（3，p）。
用A表示事件“3人没有一个人中签”，B表示事件“3人至少有一人中签”，则P（A）＝C30p0（1－p）3，P（B）＝1－P（A）＝3p－3p2＋p3。
4．设随机变量X～N（﹣1，2），Y～N（1，4），且X与Y不相关，令U＝aX＋Y，V ＝X＋bY，若U与V也不相关，则有（）。
A．a＋b＝0B．2a＋b＝0C．a－b＝0D．a＋2b＝0【答案】D【解析】根据正态分布的性质可知DX ＝2，DY ＝4。
因为X 、Y 不相关，所以cov （X ，Y ）＝0。
若U 、V 不相关，则有：cov （U ，V ）＝cov （aX ＋Y ，X ＋bY ）＝aDX ＋（ab ＋1）cov （X ，Y ）＋bDY ＝2a ＋4b ＝0，所以a ＋2b ＝0。
汉语国际教育基础考试样题-广东外语外贸大学
广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题专业：汉语国际教育考试科目：汉语国际教育基础考生须知1．本试卷共 8 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
4．考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分 150 分。
广东外语外贸大学研究生入学考试汉语国际教育专业《汉语国际教育基础》试题壹中外文化及跨文化交际基础知识（共70分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共20分）1．中国第一部纪传体通史是《》。
2．秦始皇统一中国后，下令全国通用的汉字标准字体是。
3．中国的四大发明中，出现年代最早的是。
4．中国思想史上，把法、术、势思想有机结合起来，成为法家集大成人物的是。
5．京剧中，表示刚正稳健人物性格的脸谱颜色是。
6．佛教的创始人是。
7．中国古代著名的水利工程都江堰建于时期。
8．与汉族早期长篇史诗不发达的情况不同，中国少数民族中往往流传着反映其早期历史的长诗，《格萨尔》就是族的著名史诗。
9．《》是明代修撰的一部最大的类书，原书22937卷，可惜因历史浩劫，散毁殆尽。
10．中医四诊法是指望、闻、问、。
11．中国书法史上的楷书四大家是指颜真卿、、欧阳询、赵孟頫。
12．耶路撒冷旧城是、伊斯兰教和基督教三大宗教发源地，三教都把耶路撒冷视为圣地。
13．中国戏剧中角色四大基本行包括生、旦、、丑。
14．二十四节气歌谣里，“夏满芒夏暑相连”中的“芒”指的是。
15．王勃《滕王阁序》中，“落霞与孤鹜齐飞”的下一句是。
16．中国的最高立法机关是。
17．美国是一个多种族组成的国家，其中native American所指的族群是。
18．玄学是时期流行的一种哲学思潮。
19．刘禹锡《陋室铭》中有一句话“无丝竹之乱耳”，这里的“丝”相当于西方音乐中的。
20．一个人对另一个人说话时，至少涉及三种意义，即字面意义、说话者意图和。
二、判断题（每小题1分，共10分）21．“万园之园”圆明园在第二次鸦片战争期间被八国联军烧毁。
广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册
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广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册Part I. Phrase Translation (30 points, 1 point for each)Section 1Directions: Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1. CPPCC2. UNESCO3. ASEM4. China-ASEAN Expo5. SWOT analysis6. Global Sourcing7. Information Asymmetry8. Shanghai World Expo9. Innocent Presumption10. The Civil Law System11. The Book of Rites12. Mencius13. Consecutive Interpreting14. The House of Commons15. A Farewell To ArmsSection 2Directions: Translate the following phrases into English:16. 全国人民代表大会17. 外交部18. 会展经济19. 注册会计师20. 次贷危机21. 董事会22. 中国证监会23. 廉政公署24. 暂行规定25. 有罪推定26. 佛经翻译27. 百年老店28. 论语29. 三国演义30. 南方都市报Part II. Passage Translation (120 points)31. Translate the following passage into Chinese: (60 points)Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not only come to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time. Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.The growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically. A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution, be it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, the community, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.Governments and civil society including organisations of older persons, academia, community-based organisations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues. As the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, “A life-course andinter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active”.The gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff. Training programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed. Though the basic issues dealt with might often be the same, the approach differs. It will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and emerging communication technologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes.Every member of society should realize that aging is a process. Consequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.32. Translate the following passage into English: (60 points)韶关市地处粤北山区，与湖南、江西交界，素有“三省通衢”之誉，是古代岭南通往中原的最重要关口，今天更是广东通往内地的交通枢纽——京广铁路、京珠高速公路、国道105线、106线、107线、323线、在建的武广铁路、规划中的韶赣铁路、广乐高速公路和韶赣高速公路均经过韶关。
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广东外语外贸大学
全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课样题
专业：统计学
考试科目：西方经济学
考生须知
1．本试卷共 3 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用篮、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答，用其他笔答题不给分。
4．考试时间为3小时，成绩满分150分。
一、名词解释（30分，每小题5分）
1．均衡价格消
2．吉芬商品（Giffen goods）
3．消费者剩余
4．菲利普斯曲线
5．货币中性自然失业率
6．古典的总供给曲线
二、简答题（40分，每小题10分）
7．消费者行为理论的三个假设公理是什么？
8．对于厂商来说，其产品的需求弹性大于1和小于1对其价格战略（采取降价还是涨价）将产生何种影响？
9．请说明简单凯恩斯模型、IS-LM模型和AS-AD模型这三个模型之间有什么内在联系。
10．简述引起生产率增长的因素
三、计算题（30分，每小题15分）
11．假设产品的边际成本函数是C＝3Q2＋8Q＋100，若生产5单位产品时总成本是595，求:总成本函数、平均成本函数、可变成本函数和平均可变成本函数。
，投资I=50，政府购12．假设某经济的消费函数为C=100＋0.8Y
d
买性支出G=200，政府转移支付TR=62.5（单位均为10亿美元），税率t=0.25。
（1）求均衡收入；
（2）试求：投资乘数、政府支出乘数、税收乘数、转移支付乘数和平衡预算乘数；
（3）假设该社会达到充分就业所需要的国民收入为1200，试问用：①增加政府购买；②或减少税收；③或增加政
府购买和税收同一数额（以便预算平衡）实现充分就业，
各需多少？
（4）若将题中的比例税为定量税T
=250，结果有何不同？
四、论述题（50分,每小题25分）
13．中国人民银行决定，从2004年10月29日起上调金融机构存贷款基准利率，将一年期存款基准利率和贷款基准利率均上调
0.27个百分点，分别由现行的1.98%和5.31%提高到2.25%和
5.58%，以便抑制某些部门投资过热的现象，并进一步发挥经
济手段在资源配置和宏观调控中的作用。
请结合当前我国的实际情况分析上述以利率手段为主的货币政策的政策效力及局限性。
14．结合克鲁格曼提出的“三难悖论”（不可能三角型），分析中国资本市场对外开放和人民币汇率制度改革之间的关系与发展前景。