1978年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语
1978年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学试题含答案
1978年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学（理科考生五，六两题选做一题六两题选做一题，不要求做第七题）一．（下列各题每题4分，五个题共20分） 1．分解因式：x 2-4xy+4y 2-4z 2.解：原式=（x-2y)2-(2z)2=(x-2y-2z)(x-2y+2z)2.已知正方形的边长为a ，求侧面积等于这个正方形的面积，高等于这个正方形边长的直圆柱体的体积解：设底面半径为r ，则底面周长2πr=a则.42,2222πππππa a a a r a r =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=⋅==体积3．求函数)2lg(x y +=的定义域解： ∵lg(2+x)≥0,∴2+x ≥1.故x ≥-1为其定义域4．不查表求cos800cos350+cos100cos550的值解：原式=sin100cos350+cos100sin350=sin(100+350)=sin450=22 5.化简： 二 .（本题满分14分）已知方程kx 2+y 2=4，其中k 为实数对于不同范围的k 值，分别指.254:.)()1.0()4(41 21214323121b b a ab =⋅⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛−−−−原式解出方程所代表图形的内形，并画出显示其数量特征的草图解：1）k>0时，方程的图形是椭圆，中心在坐标原点，此时又可分为：①k>1时,长轴在y 轴上，半长轴=2，半短轴=k2;②k=1时,为半径r=2的圆; ③k<1时,长轴在x 轴上，半长轴=k2，半短轴=22)k=0时，方程为y 2=4图形是两条平行于x 轴的直线2±=y如图 3）k<0时，方程为三．（本题满分14分）（如图）AB 是半圆的直径，C 是半圆上一点，直线MN 切半圆于CY Y YXX y=-214422=+−y k x点，AM ⊥MN 于M 点，BN ⊥MN 于N 点，CD ⊥AB 于D 点， 求证：1)CD=CM=CN. 2)CD 2=AM ·BN 1)证：连CA ，CB ，则∠ACB=900∠ACM=∠ABC ∠ACD=∠ABC ∴∠ACM=∠ACD ∴△AMC ≌△ADC∴CM=CD 同理CN=CD CD=CM=CN2）∵CD ⊥AB ，∠ACD=900∴ CD 2=AD ·DB 由1）知AM=AD ，BN=BD∴CD 2=AM ·BN四．（本题满分12分）18361818181836181818log 9(2),18 5.log 45.:185,log 5.log 59log 5log 9log 45.log 182log 18log 22b b a a b a ba=≠==∴=⋅++===⋅+−已知求解五．（本题满分20分）已知△ABC 的三内角的大小成等差数列，tgAtgC=32+求角A ，B ，C 的大小又已知顶点C 的对边c 上的高等于a ,b,c的长（提示：必要时可验证324)31(2+=+）M C NA B D212:1802.60,1202tgA tgC (1-tgAtgC)tg(A C)3(1)(2)tgA,tgC x (320.:1,2,1,245,A B C B A C B A C tgAtgC x x x A C tgA tgC A C ++=︒=+∴=︒+=︒=++=+==+−+++===+<==∴=︒解又而由可知是的两根解这方程得设则得12045758;cos 45cos 60 4.c a b c AD DB b a =︒−︒=︒∴=====+=︒+︒=又知上的高等于六．（本题满分20分）22222224223sin 2sin 1,:3sin cos 2.33sin 22sin 20,:sin 2sin 23sin cos ..2sin 2cos 9sin cos 9sin 9sin 1.1sin ()3sin(2)sin cos 2cos sin 2sin (3sin )cos (3sin cos ) αβαβαββαααβαααααααβαβαβααααα+==−===∴+=+∴=∴=+=+=+由得由得为锐角22 3sin (sin cos )3sin 1.2ααααπαβ=+==∴+=七．（本题满分20分，文科考生不要求作此题） 已知函数y=x 2+(2m+1)x+m 2-1(m 为实数） 1）m 是什么数值时，y 的极值是0？2）求证：不论m 是什么数值，函数图象（即抛物线）的顶点都在同一条直线L 1上画出m=-1、0、1时抛物线的草图，来检验这个结论3）平行于L 1的直线中，哪些与抛物线相交，哪些不相交？求证：任.22:0,2sin2-3sin2 ,1sin 2sin 3,,:22πβαβαβαβα=+==+求证且为锐角已知一条平行于L 1而与抛物线相交的直线，被各抛物线截出的线段都相等解：用配方法得：2214545.24450,450,421452.(,),242m 11455x -,,22443:..4,,,,m m m y x y m m m m m m y m x y m m +++⎛⎫=+−∴− ⎪⎝⎭+==−++−−++==−−=−=−−−=的极小值为所以当极值为时函数图象抛物线的顶点坐标为即二式相减得此即各抛物线顶点坐标所满足的方程它的图象是一条直线方程中不含因此不论是什么值抛物线的顶点都在这条222.1,0,1,,115193(),(),().424242m x y y x y x y x =−+=−+=++=+直线上当时之间函数关系为图略 3.设L ：x-y=a 为任一条平行于L 1的直线与抛物线y=x 2+(2m+1)x+m 2-1方程联立求解，消去y ，得x 2+2mx+m 2-1+a =0∴（x+m)2=1-a因而当1-a ≥0即a ≤1时，直线L 与抛物线相交，而a ＞1时，直线L 与抛物线不相交而这与m 无关因此直线L 被各抛物线截出的线段都相等一九七八年副题)1(222)]1()1[(45,1.1,1.1,1a a m a m L L a m a m L a m x a −=−−−−−+−∴︒−+−−−−−±−=≤于被抛物线截出的线段等直线它的倾斜角为的斜率为因直线为与抛物线两交点横坐标即直线时当1．（1）分解因式：x 2-2xy+y 2+2x-2y-3 解：原式=(x-y-1)(x-y+3)(2)求的值65cos 4030sin 2ππ−+︒−︒ctgtg 解：原式=3/4（4）已知直圆锥体的底面半径等于1cm ，母线的长等于2cm ，求它的体积解：)(3312131322cm V ππ=−⋅⋅= .)35()9125(30)5001()52(10)5( 2121211的值计算+−+−−解：原式=302．已知两数x 1 ,x 2满足下列条件：1）它们的和是等差数列1，3，…的第20项; 2）它们的积是等比数列2，-6，…的前4项和求根为211,1x x 的方程 略解：x 1 +x 2=39，x 1x 2=-401/x 1+1/x 2=-39/401/x 1·1/x 2=-1/40所求方程为：40x 2+39x-1=0.3.已知：△ABC 的外接圆的切线AD 交BC 的延长线于D 点，求证：为所求之定义域且且解的定义域求函数12.01,0525:.1)525lg()3( −≠<∴≠+>−+−=x x x x y x xCDBDAC AB ACD ABC ==∆∆22的面积的面积证：因为AD 是△ABC 的外接圆的切线，所以 ∠B=∠1∴△ABD ∽△CAD22AC AB ACD ABC =∆∆∴的面积的面积 作AE ⊥BD 于点E ，则.2121CDBDAE CD AEBD ACD ABC =⋅⋅=∆∆的面积的面积4．（如图）CD 是BC 的延长线，AB=BC=CA=CD=a ，DM 与AB ，AC 分别交于M 点和N 点，且∠BDM=α求证：ααααtg atg CN tg atg BM −=+=34,34证：作ME ⊥DC 于E ，由△ABC 是等边三角形，在直角△MBE 中，1,,22,122BE BM ME BM ME tg BM ED a BM α==∴==∴=−类似地，过N 作NF ⊥BC 于F ，在直角△NFC 中，可证：ααtg atg CN −=345．设有f(x)=4x 4-4px 3+4qx 2+2p(m+1)x+(m+1)2.(p ≠0）求证：AB E F D1）如果f(x)的系数满足p 2-4q-4(m+1)=0,那么f(x)恰好是一个二次三项式的平方2）如果f(x)与F(x)=(2x 2+a x+b)2表示同一个多项式，那么 p 2-4q-4(m+1)=0222432222222222222222224:1)1,444()4442()4444 (2x )(4)(2)()4444 (2x )2(2x )()444 (2x ).4()p qm p q p q f x x px qx p x p q p q px p q x px p q p q px px p q px f x −+=−−∴=−++⋅+−−=−−−+⋅+−−=−−−⋅+−=−−∴证等于一个二次三项4322224322222222)4442(1)(1)(2) 44(4)2,44(1)44(2)2(1)2(3)(1)(4)4(1)(2)4,(3x px qx p m m x ax b x ax a b x abx b p a q a b p m abm bq p a p b a b −+++++=++=−++++−=⎧⎪=+⎪∴⎨+=⎪⎪+=⎩−=−=式的平方由可得代入得将的表达式代入2224),2(1)2,4[44(1)]0.0,44(1)0.q p p m p p p q m p p q m −+=−⋅∴−−+=≠∴−−+=得6．已知：a sinx+bcosx =0.………………………………①Asin2x+Bcos2x=C.………………………………②其中a ,b 不同时为0求证：2a bA+(b 2-a 2)B+(a 2+b 2)C=02222cos ,sin :ba a y ba b y +=+−=设证则①可写成cosysinx-sinycosx=0, ∴sin(x-y)=0∴x-y=k π(k 为整数)， ∴x=y+k π又sin2x=sin2(y+k π)=sin2y=2sinycosy= 222b a ab+−cos2x=cos2y=cos 2y-sin 2y=2222ba b a +−代入②，得22222222222(),2()()0.abA a b B C a b a babA b a B a b C −−+=++∴+−++= 7．已知L 为过点P )23,233(−−而倾斜角为300的直线，圆C 为中心在坐标原点而半径等于1的圆，Q 表示顶点在原点而焦点在)0,82(的抛物线设A 为L 和C 在第三象限的交点，B 为C 和Q 在第四象限的交点1）写出直线L 、圆C 和抛物线Q 的方程，并作草图2）写出线段PA 、圆弧AB 和抛物线上OB 一段的函数表达式3）设P ＇、B ＇依次为从P 、B 到x 轴的垂足求由圆弧AB 和直线段BB ＇、B ＇P ＇、P ＇P 、PA 所包含的面积解：1）直线L 、圆C 和抛物线Q的方程为222::1:x 2L y x C x y Q y =+==草图如图Y X2)由2211:(),(y x A x x y PA f x x x ⎧=⎪=⎨⎪+=⎩=≤≤解得点横坐标线段的函数表达式为2222321:():().(03)7.241.471().244y x B x x y AB f x x OB f x x POP OAB BOB ππ⎧=⎪=⎨⎪+=⎩=≤≤=≤≤'∆=='∆==+解得点横坐标圆弧的函数表达式为抛物线上一段的函数表达式为的面积扇形的面积的面积故所求面积图中阴影部分YL P。
高考真题汇编1978年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试(政治)
1978年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
政治
一、解释下列名词（每题4分，共16分)
1．生产力
2．阶级
3．实践
4．矛盾的普遍性
二、问答题（每题4分，共24分)
1．人类社会从低级向高级发展有哪几种社会形态?
2．党的新民主主义革命的总路线是什么?
3．党的社会主义建设总路线是什么？发展国民经济的总方针是什么?
4．按照五届人大批准的十年规划,到1985年我国粮食和钢的产量分别要达到多少？
5．根据毛主席关于三个世界划分的理论，指出第一、二、三世界各包括哪些国家和地区？举例说明。
6．认识运动的总规律是什么？
三、简述题（每题10分，共20分）
1．我国社会主义革命和社会主义建设新时期的总任务是什么？为什么说实现总任务是关系我国前途和命运的大问题？
2．唯物辩证法和形而上学的根本区别是什么？批判“四人帮”宣扬形而上学的一个谬论。
四、论述题（每题20分,共40分）
1．用物质第一性、意识第二性的原理，论述发扬党的从实际出发、实事求是优良作风的重要性.
2．无产阶级专政的国家为什么必须对人民实行民主，对敌人实行专政？批判“四人帮”颠倒敌我关系，对人民实行法西斯专政的反革命罪行.。
我国高考英语改革发展史
1958—1965年的高考英语试卷采用的主要测试形式有: 英译汉；汉译英；阅读测验；回答问题；用所给单词完成句子。
1977年的高考试题由各省、自治区和直辖市自行命制, 各地在英语试卷中采用的主要题型有: 写出单词的变化形式；用英语回答问题；用动词的适当形式填空；补全句子；英译汉(短文)；汉译英；单句填空；阅读短文回答问题；命题作文；语态变化；介词填空；词组造句；句子分析；句型转换；改错；连词成句；英汉单词或词组互译等。
1978年恢复全国统一命制高考试题，当年的高考英语试卷中主要采用了以下测试形式：选择填空；句型转换；汉译英；短文填空；阅读理解；英译汉。
阅读理解试题开始采用提供四个选项的选择题。
1978—1984年期间的高考英语试卷中出现的测试形式有: 选择填空；短文填空；阅读理解(选择、填空、回答问题)；汉译英；英译汉；动词填空；正误辨认；拼写单词；改错；句型转换；连词成句；单词辨音；完成句子；词类转换；单词释义；综合填空。
1984年高考全国卷各大题的排列设计如下：1单词辨音；2词类转换；3单词释义；4完成句子；5选择答案；6动词填空；7综合填空；8阅读理解(附加题) ；9综合填空。
1985年，广东省开始进行MET标准化测试的试验工作；同年，原国家教委批准上海市进行高中毕业会考与会考后高考科目改革的试验，上海开始单独命制高考试题。
1989年，MET标准化测试在全国推，按照标准化测试要求命制的高考英语学科试卷基本成形。
以下为1989年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷的题型结构：1991年，原国家教委在《关于印发< 高中毕业会考后普通高校招生全国统一考试工作方案(试行) > 的通知》中第一次对高考明确定性：“会考后的高考，在考查基础知识的同时，注重考查能力”。
这一要求成为高考各学科命题的指导思想。
同年，原国家教委有关部门对高考各科试卷设计明确提出了以下要求：1、考试时间由120分钟增加为150分钟；2、分值由10分提高到150分；3、试卷难度由0. 55降低为0.65；4、试卷内容要有新意1992年，原国家教委决定英语学科的考试时间由150分钟减为120分钟，全卷分数仍为150分。
1978全国统一考试高考真题英语
1978全国统一考试高考真题英语一、选择法填空（划出各句中所需要的词或词组）：（本题满分为30分，每空1分）例：It is time class.A. toB.inC.for1. There no water in the glass.A. hasB. areC. is2. This pen was given me by my mother. It's.A. myB. mineC. to me3. tractors helpful to the commune members?A. Is thisB. Are theseC.Are theirs4. Which subject do you like,Physics or chemistry?A. the mostB. the bestC. better5. The Yellow River is the secondriver in China.A. longB. longerC. longest6. The boat is passing the bridge.A. underB. throughC. across7. He went to NankingOctober, 1977.A. inB. onC. at8. Taiwan is the east of Fukien.A. inB. atC. to9. His "Selected Poems" first published in 1965.A. wereB. wasC. has been10. Did you to his talk yesterday?A. hearB. heardC.listen11. Who is of you three?A. olderB. oldestC. the oldest12. My aunt to see us. She'll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had come13. Mathematics the language of science.A. isB. are going to beC. are14. people attended the meeting last night.A. A hundred ofB. HundredC. Hundreds of15. What do you usually do?A. in an eveningB. in the eveningC. on the evening16. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun.A. was shiningB. shoneC. has shone17. He is very old, he still works very hard.A. butB. ifC. when18. He has already worked forhour.A. theB. anC. a19. My brother is very goodping-pong.A. inB. forC. at20. The poor peasants all had alife before liberation.A. sufferedB. cruelC. bitter21. I' ve heard himabout you often.A. spokeB. speaksC. speak22. When did youmy letter?A. receiveB. acceptC. got23. I need a day or two.A. to think it overB. to think over itC. of thinking24. We mustthe importance of the four modernizations.A. learn by heartB. keep in mindC. know by heart25. Wea spare-time study group last week.A. set upB. put upC. have established26. My fatherme to become a doctor.A. thinksB. saysC. hopes27. He is thin.A. fairlyB. ratherC. little28. We waitedfor the bus.A. for long timeB. a long timeC. some long time29. In this factory, it' s hard to tell cadresworkers.A. fromB. toC. about30. IHsiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knewB. knowC. have known二、句型转换：（本题满分为10分，每小题2分）A. 就划线部分提问：1. This is my dictionary.2. She often carries water for Granny Wang.B. 改成否定句：3. I think he' ll go there tomorrow.C. 改成被动语态：4. We chose Chang Hua League secretary.5. Our teacher always takes good care of us.三、汉译英：（本题满分为20分，其中1-5句每句3分，第6句5分）1. 他已到了参军年龄。
【英语试题】1978年全国高考英语试题(含答案)
【英语试题】1978年全国高考英语试题（含答案）一、选择法填空（划出各句中所需要的词或词组）：（本题满分为30分，每空1分）例：It is time class.A. toB.inC.for1. There no water in the glass.A. hasB. areC. is2. This pen was given me by my mother. It's .A. myB. mineC. to me3. tractors helpful to the commune members?A. Is thisB. Are theseC.Are theirs4. Which subject do you like ,Physics or chemistry?A. the mostB. the bestC. better5. The Yellow River is the second river in China.A. longB. longerC. longest6. The boat is passing the bridge.A. underB. throughC. across7. He went to Nanking October, 1977.A. inB. onC. at8. Taiwan is the east of Fukien.A. inB. atC. to9. His "Selected Poems" first published in 1965.A. wereB. wasC. has been10. Did you to his talk yesterday?A. hearB. heardC.listen11. Who is of you three?A. olderB. oldestC. the oldest12. My aunt to see us. She'll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had come13. Mathematics the language of science.A. isB. are going to beC. are14. people attended the meeting last night.A. A hundred ofB. HundredC. Hundreds of15. What do you usually do ?A. in an eveningB. in the eveningC. on the evening16. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun .A. was shiningB. shoneC. has shone17. He is very old, he still works very hard.A. butB. ifC. when18. He has already worked for hour.A. theB. anC. a19. My brother is very good ping-pong.A. inB. forC. at20. The poor peasants all had a life before liberation.A. sufferedB. cruelC. bitter21. I' ve heard him about you often.A. spokeB. speaksC. speak22. When did you my letter?A. receiveB. acceptC. got23. I need a day or two .A. to think it overB. to think over itC. of thinking24. We must the importance of the four modernizations.A. learn by heartB. keep in mindC. know by heart25. We a spare-time study group last week.A. set upB. put upC. have established26. My father me to become a doctor.A. thinksB. saysC. hopes27. He is thin.A. fairlyB. ratherC. little28. We waited for the bus.A. for long timeB. a long timeC. some long time29. In this factory, it' s hard to tell cadres workers.A. fromB. toC. about30. I Hsiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knewB. knowC. have known二、句型转换：（本题满分为10分，每小题2分）A. 就划线部分提问：1. This is my dictionary.2. She often carries water for Granny Wang.B. 改成否定句：3. I think he' ll go there tomorrow.C. 改成被动语态：4. We chose Chang Hua League secretary.5. Our teacher always takes good care of us.三、汉译英：（本题满分为20分，其中1-5句每句3分，第6句5分）1. 他已到了参军年龄。
1997年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷及答案
1997年普通高等学校招生全国统一英语考试本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。
第一卷1至13页。
第二卷1至4页。
共150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第一卷（三大题，共95分）注意事项：1.答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试卷上。
3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ.单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
例：have A. gave B. save C. hat D. made 答案是C.1. motor A. opposite B. ocean C. oppress D. object2. theory A. diary B. pioneer C. therefore D. really3. oxygen A. geography B. degree C. recognise D. sugar4. canal A. important B. liberation C. majority D. national5. medicine A. except B. record C. increase D. physicsB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
例：We last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study 答案是C.6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever7. — Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning.—Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere.A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a8. - Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?- ________A. Yes, you may borrowB. Yes, you couldC. Yes, help yourselfD. Yes, go on9. She his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.A. looked upB. looked forC. picked outD. picked up10. I first met Lisa three years ago. She at a radio shop at the time.A. has workedB. was workingC. had been workingD. had worked11. The train leaves at 6:00 pm. So I have to be at the station 5:40 pm at the latest.A.untilB.afterC.byD.around12. I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finisha report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone13. Wait till you are more . It's better to be sure than sorry.A. inspiredB. satisfiedC. calm C. certain14. I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with .A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing15. - I'd like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith.- ________A. Oh, no. Let's notB. I'd rather stay at homeC. I'm very sorry, but I have other plansD. Oh, no. That'll be too much trouble16. - Is this raincoat yours? - No,mine there behind the door.A. is hangingB. has hungC. hangsD. hung17. The Olympic Games, in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing18. If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a .A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. notice19. - Who is Jerry Cooper?- ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Don't you meet him yetB. Hadn't you met him yetC. Didn't you meet him yetD. Haven't you met him yet20. After the war, a new school building was put up there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when21.Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is heB. However he is lateC. However is he lateD. However late he is22. - Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?- I , but I had an unexpected visitor.A. hadB. wouldC. was going toD. did23. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read storiesby writers from countries.A. some; anyB. other; someC. some; otherD. other; other24. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to25. It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. until c. before D. whenⅡ.完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
1978年高考英语试题·附答案
1978年高考英语试题·附答案1978年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷一、选择法填空（划出各句中所需要的词或词组）（本题满分为30分，每空1分）1. There ______ no water in the glass.A. hasB. areC. is2. This pen was given me by my mother. It’s ______.A. myB. mineC. to me3. ______ tractors helpful to the commune members?A. Is thisB. Are theseC. Are theirs4. Which subject do you like ______, Physics or chemistry?A. the mostB. the bestC. better5. The Yellow River is the second ______ river in China.A. longB. longerC. longest6. The boat is passing ______ the bridge.A. underB. throughC. across7. He went to Nanking ______ October, 1977.A. inB. onC. at8. Taiwan is ______ the east of Fukien.A. inB. atC. to9. His “Selected Poems”______ first published in 1965.A. wereB. wasC. has been10. Did you ______ to his talk yesterday?A. hearB. heardC. listen11. Who is ______ of you three?A. olderB. oldestC. the oldest12. My aunt ______ to see us. She’ll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had come13. Mathematics ______ the language of science.A. isB. are going to beC. are14. ______ people attended the meeting last night.A. A hundred ofB. HundredC. Hundreds of15. What do you usually do ______?A. in an eveningB. in the eveningC. on the evening16. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun ______.A. was shiningB. shoneC. has shone17. He is very old, ______ he still works very hard.A. butB. ifC. when18. He has already worked for ______ hour.A. theB. anC. a19. My brother is very good ______ ping-pong.A. inB. forC. at20. The poor peasants all had a ______ life before liberation.A. sufferedB. cruelC. bitter21. I’ve heard him ______ about you often.A. spokeB. speaksC. speak22. When did you ______ my letter?A. receiveB. acceptC. got23. I need a day or two ______.A. to think it overB. to think over itC. of thinking24. We must ______ the importance of the four modernizations.A. learn by heartB. keep in mindC. know by heart25. We ______ a spare-time study group last week.A. set upB. put upC. have established26. My father ______ me to become a doctor.A. thinksB. saysC. hopes27. He is ______ thin.A. fairlyB. ratherC. little28. We waited ______ for the bus.A. for long timeB. a long timeC. some long time29. In this factory, it’s hard to tel l cadres ______ workers.A. fromB. toC. about30. I ______ Hsiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knewB. knowC. have known二、句型转换：（本题满分为10分，每小题2分）A. 就划线部分提问：1. This is my dictionary.2. She often carries water for Granny Wang.B. 改成否定句：3. I think he’ll go there tomorrow.C. 改成被动语态：4. We chose Chang Hua League secretary.5. Our teacher always takes good care of us.三、汉译英：（本题满分为20分，其中1—5句每句3分，第6句5分）1. 他已到了参军年龄。
1978年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文(附答案)
一九七八年全国高等学校统一招生语文试题注意事项：理工科考生做一、二、三、四、五、六，文科考生做一、二、三、四、五、七、八题。
一、给下面三段文字加上标点符号。
（10分）（1）实现机械化要靠人的思想革命化有了革命化才有机械化机械化不是一口气吹出来的要经过一番艰苦奋战才能成功要把揭批四人帮的斗争进行到底要肃清他们的流毒促进人们的思想革命化一个软懒散的领导班子是挑不起这付重担的。
（2）国际形势怎样国内形势怎样涉及政策性的问题该怎么办不该怎么办应该经常给大家讲讲可是从来不讲这岂不让大家失望。
（3）白天战士们坚守住已经占领的阵地夜里战士们向敌人发起新的进攻。
二、在下面的括号里填进最恰当的字，每个括号只能填一个字。
（理工科20分，文科10分）（1）前不久勃列日涅夫写信给北约各国首脑，警告西方不许搞中子弹。
这封恐吓信一披（），马上遭到西方许多军政界人士和报刊的抨（）。
有的人愤怒地斥责苏联这样一个武装到牙齿的大国采取恫（）的手段是“无（）之尤”。
有的人反（）相讥说：“北约应建议苏联拆除它对准西欧的爆炸力为中子弹二千倍的SS 20机动导弹。
”（2）那些外表道貌（）然、内心卑鄙龌（）的神父，尽管装出一（）穷人的救世主的模样，实际上是（）善、（）婪、凶狠、残暴的剥削者和压迫者。
（3）本来，不使用武力和武力威胁，是国与国之间理应（）循的准（），任何（）端都应通过谈判解决。
（4）我在这间屋子里盘（）多时，（）详着床铺桌椅，（）摸着毛主席的遗物，默默（）立，思潮（）湃。
（5）这个时候，什么个人的得失、安危、荣（）、毁（）──一句话，一切有关“自我”的概念，仿佛全不存在了。
三、选择最恰当的关联词语填在下面的横道上。
每一个横道上只能填一个字。
（10分）（1）人们在生理上是有差异的，人脑作为一种器官，是有差别的。
从重量上说，正常成年人的脑重平均在一千四百克左右。
有的人重一些，可达二千克以上，有的人轻一些，只有一千克左右。
这种差别跟聪明、愚笨没有必然的联系。
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1978年试题一、选择法填空（划出各句中所需要的词或词组）：（本题满分为30分，每空1分）例：It is time class.A. toB.inC.for1. There no water in the glass.A. hasB. areC. is2. This pen was given me by my mother. It's .A. myB. mineC. to me3. tractors helpful to the commune members?A. Is thisB. Are theseC.Are theirs4. Which subject do you like ,Physics or chemistry?A. the mostB. the bestC. better5. The Yellow River is the second river in China.A. longB. longerC. longest6. The boat is passing the bridge.A. underB. throughC. across7. He went to Nanking October, 1977.A. inB. onC. at8. Taiwan is the east of Fukien.A. inB. atC. to9. His "Selected Poems" first published in 1965.A. wereB. wasC. has been10. Did you to his talk yesterday?A. hearB. heardC.listen11. Who is of you three?A. olderB. oldestC. the oldest12. My aunt to see us. She'll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had come13. Mathematics the language of science.A. isB. are going to beC. are14. people attended the meeting last night.A. A hundred ofB. HundredC. Hundreds of15. What do you usually do ?A. in an eveningB. in the eveningC. on the evening16. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun .A. was shiningB. shoneC. has shone17. He is very old, he still works very hard.A. butB. ifC. when18. He has already worked for hour.A. theB. anC. a19. My brother is very good ping-pong.A. inB. forC. at20. The poor peasants all had a life before liberation.A. sufferedB. cruelC. bitter21. I' ve heard him about you often.A. spokeB. speaksC. speak22. When did you my letter?A. receiveB. acceptC. got23. I need a day or two .A. to think it overB. to think over itC. of thinking24. We must the importance of the four modernizations.A. learn by heartB. keep in mindC. know by heart25. We a spare-time study group last week.A. set upB. put upC. have established26. My father me to become a doctor.A. thinksB. saysC. hopes27. He is thin.A. fairlyB. ratherC. little28. We waited for the bus.A. for long timeB. a long timeC. some long time29. In this factory, it' s hard to tell cadres workers.A. fromB. toC. about30. I Hsiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knewB. knowC. have known二、句型转换：（本题满分为10分，每小题2分）A. 就划线部分提问：1. This is my dictionary.2. She often carries water for Granny Wang.B. 改成否定句：3. I think he' ll go there tomorrow.C. 改成被动语态：4. We chose Chang Hua League secretary.5. Our teacher always takes good care of us.三、汉译英：（本题满分为20分，其中1-5句每句3分，第6句5分）1. 他已到了参军年龄。
2. 冬天北方比南方冷。
3. 张同志进来时，我正在看报。
4. 文化大革命以来，我们公社里建造了一个水库和一所发电站。
5. 以华主席为首的党中央，正在领导我们进行新的长征。
6. 科学家们受到了全国人民的赞扬，因为他们对科学的发展作出了重要的贡献。
四、在下面短文的每一空格中填入一个在意义上和语法上都正确的词：（本题满分为10分，每空1分）Premier Chou came to my grandmother the first time heTachai. I shouted into Granny' s , "Granny, the Premier' s here.He' s come all the from Peking to see you!""How we are to meet you, Premier Chou!" said Granny. "How did you get here and how are you going to stay?"The Premier said, "I came by , so the journey took me only a few hours.I think I can stay in Tachai very long, because I've got a of work to do in Peking. I be back today."五、阅读下面短文，短文后面每题有A、B、C、D、四个答案供选择, 其中只有一个是正确的。
在你认为是正确的那一个答案下面划一横线：（本题满分为20分，每小题5分）The Gold in the Orchard*There was once a farmer who had a fine orchard. He worked very hard all his life and the orchard always did well. But he knew that his three sons looked down upon farmwork, and were only interested in getting rich quickly.When the farmer was old and knew he was going to die, he called his three sons to him and said, "My sons, there' s a lot of gold hidden in the orchard. Dig for it, if you want to have it. "The sons tried to get him to tell them the exact place where the gold was hidden, but he said nothing more.After the farmer was dead, the sons went to look for the gold. Since they didn' t know where the hiding-place was, they decided to begin digging all over the orchard. They dug and dug, but no gold was found. Finally they had to give up the attempt.The next summer, the fruit crop was the biggest they had ever had. This was because of the thorough digging the orchard had got.When the three sons saw the great amount of money they got after they sold the fruit, they suddenly understood what their wise father had meant when he said. "There's gold hidden in the orchard. Dig for it."*orchard果园1. When the old farmer was living,A. the orchard gave rich crops each year.B. the orchard gave rich crops only when the weather conditions were good.C. the orchard had an average crop.D. the fruit crop was usually poor.2. Say which of the following statements is true:A. The farmer' s sons were lazy and had never worked on the farm.B. The farmer' s sons did a lot of buying and selling in town so as to get rich quickly.C. The farmer' s sons loved farm work, because their father, who was hardworking all his life, had told them to work hard.D. The farmer' s sons considered farm work worthless.3. When the sons asked their father to tell them the exact place where the gold was hidden , he told them nothing, becauseA. he was dying.B. he thought they undertood what he meant.C. he wanted them to dig the orchard all over.D. the gold could easily be found.4. No gold was found becauseA. the farmer' s sons hadn' t dug the orchard deep enough.B. the gold had been stolen.C. the farmer' s sons didn' t know in what part of the orchard the gold was hidden.D. there was no gold hidden ih the orchard.六、英译汉：（本题满分为10分）A few stars are known which are hardly bigger than the earth , but the majority1 are so large that hundreds of thousands of earths could be packed2inside each and leave room to spare;here and there we come upon a giant star large enough to contain millions of millions of earths. And the total number of stars in the universe3is probably something like the total number of grains of sand on all the seashores of the world. Such is the littleness of our home in space when measured up against the total substance of the universe.1. the majority 大多数2. pack 装入3. universe 宇宙1978年答案一、选择法填空1. C. is2. B. mine3. B. Are these4. C. better5. C. longest6. A. under7. A. in8. C. to9. B. was 10. C. listen 11. C. the oldest12.B.is coming 13. A. is 14. C. Hundreds of15. B. in the evening 16. A. was shining17. A. but 18. B. an 19. C. at20. C. bitter 21. C. speak 22. A. receive23. A. to think it over 24. B. keep in mind25. A. set up 26. C. hopes27. B. rather 28. B. a long time29. A. from 30. C. have known二、句型转换1. Whose dictionary is this?2. Who does she often carry water for?(Whom does she often carry water for?)(For whom does she often carry water?)3. I don' t think he' ll go there tomorrow.4. Chang Hua was chosen League secretary.5. We are always taken good care of by our teacher.三、汉译英1. He is old enough to join the army.2. In winter it is colder in the north than in the south.3. When Comrade Chang came in, I was reading a newspaper.I was reading a newspaper when Comrade Chang came in.While I was reading a newspaper , Comrade Chang came in.4. Since the Cultural Revolution, a reservoir and a power station have been built(set up)in our commune. (Since the Cultural Revolution, our commune has built(set up)a reservoir and a power station. )5. The Party Central Committee headed by Chairman Hua is leading us on the (a)new Long March.6. Scientists are praised by the people of the whole country. because they have made important contributions to the development of science.四、短文填空Premier Chou came to see (visit)my grandmother the first time he visited Tachai, I shouted into Granny' s ear, "Granny, the Premier' s here. He' s come all the way from Peking to see you!""How glad (happy)we are to meet you, Premier Chou!" said Granny. "How did you get here and how long are you going to stay?"The Premier said, "I came by plane, so the journey took me only a few hours, I don' t think I can stay in Tachai very long, because I' ve got a lot of work to do in Peking. I must be back today. "五、理解题1. When the old farmer was living,A. the orchard gave rich crops each year.B. the orchard gave rich crops only when the weather conditions were good.C. the orchard had an average crop.D. the fruit crop was usually poor.2. Say which of the following statements is true:A. The farmer' s sons were lazy and had never worked on the farm.B. The farmer' s sons did a lot of buying and selling in town so as to get rich quickly.C. The farmer' s sons loved farm work, because their father, who was hardworking all his life, had tole them to work hard.D. The farmer' s sons considered farm work worthless.3. When the sons asked their father to tell them the exact place where the gold was hidden, he told them nothing, becauseA. he was dying.B. he thought they understood what he meant.C. he wanted them to dig the orchard all over.D. the gold could easily be found.4. No gold was found becauseA. the farmer' s sons hadn' t dug the orchard deep enough.B. the gold had been stolen.C. the farmer' s sons didn' t know in what part of the orchard the gold was hidden.D. there was no gold hidden in the orchard.六、英译汉已知的星球，大小和地球相仿佛的寥寥无几；大多数都是非常大的。