英语阅读4
2018考研英语一阅读text4
题目：2018考研英语一阅读text4内容：1. 文章标题为《烹饪变革》，主要讨论了美食产业中厨师角色的变化以及对厨师素质的要求。
2. 文章提到了传统厨师的形象和责任，并且对现代厨师的素质进行了对比。
3. 作者分析了现代美食产业的发展趋势，并就新型厨师应具备的技能和品质提出了自己的见解。
开篇：2018考研英语一阅读text4《烹饪变革》述及了美食产业中厨师角色的变化和现代厨师素质的要求。
在这个快节奏发展的时代，厨师角色的变迁是不可避免的，而对于新型厨师的要求也随之发生了改变。
接下来将对此文进行全面解读。
1. 传统厨师的形象和责任传统的厨师形象往往是在厨房里忙碌的身影，他们擅长烹饪各类传统菜肴，对于食材的选用和处理也有着丰富的经验。
在过去，厨师更多地是扮演着传统烹饪技艺的传承者和实践者，他们所做的菜品更多地是为了满足人们的口腹之欲，而非在意菜品的营养和健康。
2. 现代厨师的素质要求而随着时代的变迁，美食产业也在不断地推陈出新，对于厨师的要求也随之发生了转变。
在这篇文章中，作者提到现代厨师不仅需要具备传统的烹饪技艺，还需要了解营养学、食品安全等知识，进而为顾客提供更加健康、美味的菜肴。
现代厨师还应具备创新精神和团队合作能力，能够根据市场需求不断推陈出新，创造出更具特色的菜品。
3. 现代美食产业的发展趋势随着人们生活水平的提高和消费观念的不断变化，现代餐饮业也在不断地向着多元化和健康化的方向发展。
而这一切都离不开现代厨师的努力和付出。
现代厨师需要不断提升自己的综合素质，才能适应这种发展趋势。
4. 新型厨师应具备的技能和品质在这篇文章中，作者还就新型厨师应具备的技能和品质提出了自己的见解。
他认为，新型厨师不仅需要懂得烹饪技艺，还需要了解食品安全、营养学等相关知识，以及具备创新意识和团队合作精神。
只有具备了这些素质，才能适应现代美食产业的发展需求。
结尾：2018考研英语一阅读text4《烹饪变革》一文对现代厨师的要求进行了全面的阐述，反映了美食产业中厨师角色的转变以及对新型厨师的要求。
艾玛英语阅读四参考答案
艾玛英语阅读四参考答案一、阅读理解1. 问题：What is the main idea of the passage?答案：The main idea of the passage is to introduce thelife and achievements of Emma, highlighting her passion for English literature and her contributions to the field.2. 问题：What does Emma enjoy doing in her free time?答案：Emma enjoys reading English novels and writing book reviews in her free time.3. 问题：How did Emma's interest in English literature begin?答案：Emma's interest in English literature began when she was introduced to classic English novels by her high school English teacher.4. 问题：What is Emma's approach to learning English?答案：Emma's approach to learning English includes reading extensively, practicing writing, and engaging in discussions with others who share her interest.5. 问题：Why did Emma decide to start a book club?答案：Emma decided to start a book club to share her love for English literature with others and to create a community of readers who can discuss and explore the themes and ideasin the books together.二、词汇练习1. 问题：The word "fascination" in the passage refers to:答案：a strong attraction or interest.2. 问题：The term "contribution" in the context of the passage means:答案：something given or provided, in this case, Emma's efforts to the field of English literature.3. 问题：What does "extensive" imply about Emma's reading habits?答案: It implies that Emma reads a large amount or covers a wide range of books.4. 问题：The word "initiative" in the passage suggests:答案：a plan or action taken in order to achieve a particular goal, here referring to Emma's decision to start a book club.5. 问题：What is the meaning of "diverse" in relation to the book club members?答案: It means that the members come from a variety of different backgrounds or have a range of different interests.三、完形填空1. 空格一：Emma's love for English literature was sparked by her high school English teacher, who introduced her to a variety of classic novels. (sparked)2. 空格二：She would often spend hours in the library, completely absorbed in the world of the characters. (absorbed)3. 空格三：Emma's dedication to her studies led her to excelin her English classes, earning her the respect of her peers and teachers alike. (dedication)4. 空格四：With the aim of sharing her passion, Emma decidedto take the initiative and start a book club. (initiative)5. 空格五：The book club has since grown into a community of avid readers who regularly meet to discuss their latest reads. (avid)四、翻译练习1. 句子一：艾玛对英语文学的热爱始于她高中时的英语老师，他向她介绍了各种经典小说。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)含答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）含答案解析六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual.Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment inwhich he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeableexperience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes onsale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
年考研英语(一)试题——阅读4
2013年考研英语（一）试题——阅读4Text 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
中考英语阅读理解专项训练四
中考英语阅读理解专项训练四Passage 1主题语境:人与自然—自然保护Around the world, habitats are being destroyed very quickly, putting many wild animals in danger. Endangered animals are found in many places around the world-you may even find some in your own back yard. There are many things you can do to protect endangered animals. Here's how we can protect endangered animals.Find out what animals living near you are listed on the list of the endangered animals. Spend some time learning about the animals and what their preferred habitats are.Protect nature reserves and other wilderness areas. Habitat protection is one of the best ways to help protect endangered animals. You can give money or devote your time to protecting nature reserves.Buy environmentally friendly goods. Choose non-toxic cleaners and lawn care items that won't pollute streams, rivers or oceans. Avoid any products that are made from endangered animals. Buy foods and goods that are made from materials that do not do harm to endangered animals or their habitats. Create or restore habitats for endangered animals. You can volunteer to help with projects world worldwide signed to reestablish habitats. In your own backyard, plant a butterfly garden and let "wild" areas grow to provide habitats and food.Join a local, national or global conservation organization. come organizations protect one particular endangered animal while others try to protect all endangered animals. You can “adopt” an animal through these organizations.* non-toxic adj.无毒的** lawn/1o:/n.草坪1.Many wild animals are in danger because ( )A. their habitats are being destroyedB. people don't give them food to eatC. some organizations send them to peopleD. many people kill them for their meat”in the2.The underlined word "adopt" means last paragraph.( )A. 收养B. 买卖C. 发现D. 租借3.You can create a habitat for endangered animals by in your own yard.( )A. learning about the animalsB. destroying habitatsC. "adopting" an animalD. planting a butterfly garden4. How many ways to save endangered animals are there in this passage?( )A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.5.What is the best title for the passage?( )A. Create Habitats for Endangered AnimalsB. How to Save Endangered AnimalsC. How to Protect Nature ReservesD. Join a Conservation OrganizationPassage 2主题语境:人与社会—社会交往Once upon a time, a wise lion lived in the jungle. He was always respected for his intelligence kindness. All the animals loved him and said that he was the best king they could ever have. There was an empty cave a few miles away from the jungle. One day.9monster went to the cave and lived there. He was very evil and wanted to eat the animals. He got a bad idea.The monster decided to invite the animals to the cave for a party and later eat them. The monster knew the lion was very wise and would not allow any animal to come to the party, so he did not invite the lion. He also knew how brave and strong the lion was. In fact, the monster was really scared of him.All the animals accepted the monster's invitation. A zebra found out that their king of the jungle wasn't invited, so he went to the lion's home to ask him to go with them.When the zebra told him about the party, the lion immediately understood the monster's plan. The lion told all the animals to wait outside the cave and he went into the cave alone.Seeing the lion, the monster got really scared and X tried to run away, but the lion caught him. The monster asked for forgiveness, but the lion would only forgive him if he left the cave and never came back. So, the monster agreed and left. Alt All the animals thanked the lion for saving them from the monster.1.What does the underlined word “evil” mean in Chinese?( )A. 邪恶的B.慷慨的C. 腼腆的D.勇猛的2.Why did the monster invite the animals to the party?( )A. Because he wanted to make friends with them.B. Because he wanted to share the cave with them.C. Because he wanted to have fun with them.D. Because he wanted to get them to the cave and eat them.3.How did the lion know about the monster's plan?( )A. By listening to the zebra.B. By going to the cave.C. By attending the party.D. By talking with the monster.4.What happened at the end of the story?( )A. The monster was killed by the lion.B. The monster left the cave without eating animals.C. The monster lived in the cave and never came out.D. The monster ate the zebra and ran away.5.Which of the following cannot be used to describe the lion?( )A. Wise.B. Kind.C. Cruel.D. Brave.Passage 3主题语境:人与自然—地理概况If you want a really unusual vacation, you might like to visit Churchill! Churchill, a small town, lies in the far north of Manitoba, a province of Canada. This faraway area is a great place for tourists to do things they could never do anywhere else.Churchill offers an amazing view of the aurora borealis, or Northern Lights, as they are more commonly called. Locals say the best time to see the aurora borealis is during the three months from January to March. Some travel magazines have regarded Churchill as one of the top 3 places in the world to view the aurora borealis. Don't worry about the cold! You can sit inside a nice heated" aurora dome" to get a view of the lights. There are also aurora tours where local guides will help you find the best time and place to see the Northern Lights.Churchill is also a great place to see polar bears. From October to early November, many polar bears arrive near Churchill to wait for the nearby Hudson Bay to freeze over so that they can hunt. There are special buses that tourists can ride to get out of town safely to see the polar bears. Sometimes. polar bears walk into, town and Churchill has built a" polar bear prison where these animals are kept safe until they are set free backinto the wilderness. People in Churchill often do hot lock their car doors so that people can escape polar bears that come into town.1.What kind of place is Churchill?( )A. A big city.B.A Canadian province.C.A small town.D. A fantastic2.When is the best time to see the Northern Lights in Churchill?( )A. From April to June.B. From January to March.C. From July to September.D. From October to December.3.People sit inside an “aurora dome” in order to( ).A. see polar bearsB. get a view of the lightsC. make aurora toursD. keep safe4.According to the article why do polar bears near Churchill?( )A. Because they want to see the aurora borealis.B. Because they can visit the polar bear jail.C. Because they can wait for the water to freeze.D. Because they Want to make friends with other animals.5.People seldom lock their car doors ( )A.to escape polar bearsB.to keep the air in cars freshC. to watch polar bears safelyD.to play with polar bears freely中考英语阅读理解专项训练四（答案）Passage 1 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.CPassage 2 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.APassage 3 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T。
2021考研英语阅读真题 Text 4(英语二)
2021 Text 4（英语⼆）直觉的特殊能⼒We're fairly good at judging people based on first impressions, thin slices of experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to a five-minute interaction, and deliberation can be not only extraneous but intrusive.In one study of the ability, she dubbed “thin-slicing,” the late psychologist Nalini Ambady asked participants to watch silent 10-second video clips of professors and to rate the instructor's overall effectiveness.Their ratings correlated strongly with students' end-of-semester ratings.Another set of participants had to count backward from 1,000 by nines as they watched the clips, occupying their conscious .Their ratings were just as accurate, demonstrating the intuitive nature of the social processing.Critically, another group was asked to spend a minute writing down reasons for their judgment, before giving the rating.Accuracy dropped dramatically.Ambady suspected that deliberation focused them on vivid but misleading cues, such as certain gestures or utterances, rather than letting the complex interplay of subtle signals form a holistic impression.我们⾮常擅⻓根据第⼀印象判断⼈，从⼀瞥照⽚到五分钟互动的单薄体验，并且深思熟虑不仅可以是⽆关紧要的，⽽且可以是侵⼊性的。
2023 12月英语4级阅读原文
文章题目：xxx英语四级阅读原文正文：1. 以下是xxx英语四级阅读原文，原文共计3000字，由4篇短文组成。
2. Passage 1：昨天我们看到了一年一度的全球气候变化大会从卡塔尔多哈落下帷幕。
与会代表各抒己见，但最终未能就减少碳排放达成共识。
作为世界上最大的温室气体排放国之一，我国的立场备受关注。
我国政府一再重申，全球减排的目标需要“公平、合理和有担当”。
不过，美国方面则指责我国对环保问题的不作为，认为我国应当承担更多的责任。
这次会议虽然未能取得实质性的进展，但各国对话的开展本身也是积极的信号。
3. Passage 2：人口老龄化问题日益严峻，已成为世界各国的共同挑战。
据统计，到2050年，全球60岁以上的老年人口将占总人口的三分之一。
这一现象对社会福利和医疗资源提出了前所未有的挑战。
许多国家都在积极采取措施，推动老年人的长期护理和社会融合，但目前还未形成一套全球性的解决方案。
国际社会应当加强合作，共同应对人口老龄化所带来的各种问题。
4. Passage 3：互联网在当今社会中扮演了不可或缺的角色，但其安全问题也日益凸显。
近年来，网络犯罪频频发生，个人隐私被泄露的事例也不在少数。
虚假信息和网络诈骗现象层出不穷，给互联网用户的正常生活和工作带来了极大的困扰。
各国应当共同努力，加强网络安全，维护公民的合法权益。
5. Passage 4：贸易保护主义的抬头给国际贸易带来了巨大的不确定性。
近年来，一些国家采取了一系列贸易限制措施，不断挑起贸易摩擦，导致全球贸易体系遭受重创。
保护主义的兴起不仅损害了各国的经济利益，也对全球经济的增长造成了严重威胁。
各国应当携手合作，反对贸易保护主义，维护自由、开放的国际贸易环境。
结尾：本次阅读原文从全球气候变化、人口老龄化、网络安全和国际贸易保护主义等多个方面展示了当前国际社会面临的重要挑战和问题。
面对这些挑战，各国应当加强合作，共同应对，共同推动全球发展和稳定。
希望通过本次英语四级阅读，同学们可以更深入地了解当今国际社会的现状和问题，为未来的学习和研究提供参考。
2021年考研英语一阅读4
2021年考研英语一阅读4In recent years, more and more students in China have been considering pursuing a master's degree by taking the national postgraduate entrance examination, commonly known as the "gaokao." With the release of the 2021 Postgraduate Entrance Examination Schedule by the Ministry of Education, it is essential for students to be well-prepared, especially in English Reading. This article aims to analyze and provide a comprehensive understanding of English Reading Passage 4 for the 2021 Postgraduate Entrance Examination.The reading passage titled "The Impact of Social Media on Society" explores how social media platforms have influenced various aspects of our lives. It delves into the positive and negative consequences of social media, touches upon privacy concerns, as well as discusses the impact on mental health and social relationships.The passage begins by highlighting the positive aspects of social media. It acknowledges that these platforms have revolutionized communication, making it easier for people to connect and share information globally. The ability to engage with a wide audience has opened up new opportunities for businesses, allowing them to reach a larger customer base. Moreover, social media has played a crucial role in spreading awareness about social causes, enabling individuals to participate in societal issues actively.However, the passage also emphasizes the negative consequences associated with the use of social media. Privacy concerns have become a prevalent issue, with the leakage of personal information and the potential for identity theft becoming increasingly common. Moreover, the addictivenature of social media platforms has raised concerns about their impact on mental health. Many individuals find themselves spending excessive amounts of time scrolling through feeds, leading to feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety. Additionally, constant exposure to carefully curated and filtered content has resulted in negative self-comparisons and unrealistic beauty standards.The passage further discusses the impact of social media on social relationships. On the one hand, it acknowledges that social media has facilitated the maintenance of long-distance relationships and allowed individuals to reconnect with old friends. It has also provided a platform for marginalized groups to voice their opinions and share their experiences, promoting diversity and inclusivity. However, it also points out that social media can lead to a decrease in face-to-face interactions, as people rely more on digital communication. This can result in decreased empathy and weakened social bonds, as online interactions may lack the depth and nuance of offline interactions.In conclusion, the reading passage provides a balanced analysis of the impact of social media on society. It recognizes the positive aspects, such as enhanced communication, business opportunities, and social activism, while also shedding light on the negative consequences, including privacy concerns, mental health issues, and potential effects on social relationships. It is important for individuals to be aware of both the benefits and risks associated with social media usage in order to strike a healthy balance and make informed decisions.Preparation for the English Reading section of the 2021 Postgraduate Entrance Examination should involve thoroughly understanding the passage, identifying key points, and practicing reading comprehension skills. By engaging in extensive reading exercises, students can enhance their ability to comprehend complex texts, while also improving vocabulary and critical thinking skills.In summation, the reading passage "The Impact of Social Media on Society" provides valuable insights into the far-reaching effects of social media on various aspects of our lives. It is crucial for students preparing for the 2021 Postgraduate Entrance Examination to carefully study and analyze these passages to enhance their reading comprehension abilities and succeed in the examination.。
2023英语一阅读理解4逐句译文
尊敬的读者：以下是2023年英语一阅读理解第4篇的逐句译文，希望对您的学习和阅读有所帮助。
1. Quality healthcare is essential to a nation's well-being, yet the cost of healthcare has risen dramatically in recent years.优质的医疗保健对一个国家的福祉至关重要，然而近年来医疗保健的成本却急剧上升。
2. Many factors contribute to the increasing cost of healthcare, including the rising prices of medical treatments and pharmaceuticals, the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, and the aging population.许多因素导致医疗保健成本不断增加，包括医疗治疗和药物价格的上涨，慢性疾病的日益普遍和人口老龄化。
3. To address these challenges, healthcare professionals and policymakers are exploring new models of healthcare delivery and payment that prioritize value over volume and empower patients to make informed decisions about their care.为了应对这些挑战，医护专业人士和决策者正在探索新的医疗保健提供和支付模式，强调价值而非数量，赋予患者对自身护理做出明智决策的能力。
4. One such model is value-based healthcare, which emphasizes achieving the best oues for patients at the lowest cost.这样一种模式就是价值为本位的医疗保健，强调以最低成本实现患者最佳预后。
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)天道酬勤，实践出真知，多次练习是攻克英语四级阅读的最终途径。
下面是2021年6月英语四级阅读练习。
【阅读文章】Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savageis good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generalsand soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled overa large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph2) is that ________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be Remembered参考答案：BDABC。
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Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
1.The passage is mainly discussing.
A. the necessity of social change
B. certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
C. two different societies certain factors that promote social change
D. One of the factors that tend to promote social change is.
2.A. joint interest B. different points of view
C. less emotional people
D. advanced technology
3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D. Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
4. The expression "greater tolerance "(Para. 1) refers to_______.
A. greater willingness to accept social change
B. quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
C. more respect for different beliefs and behavior
D. greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
5. Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because_______.
A. people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B. people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C. people there are easy to please
D. people there are less disputed
答案：1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A。