高考英语复习课件-完形填空解题方法及技巧
四 完形填空的解题思路
总则: 总则:在把握整体的基础上对
句子内部的情况进行分析
跳过空格,通读全文, 跳过空格,通读全文, 把握大意 结合选项,综合考虑, 结合选项,综合考虑,初定答案 瞻前顾后,先易后难, 瞻前顾后,先易后难, 个个击破 再读全文, 再读全文,反复检查
五: 完形填空解题技巧
1.看清上下文,找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有 提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义 词。 例如:1) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very _____. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 根据转折连词but的提示,所填入的词应与shallow 相反,因此答案为A。
5.了解生活常识,确定相关知识 (Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_____hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest 在这样的紧急情况下,人们的第一个反应是到最近的 医院就医,因此答案为D。
2.寻求上下逻辑,从容确定关系 It has been many years since I was last in London____ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as 根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示 转折的连词but.
三,完型填空的能力目标要求
牢固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英 语词汇知识。 英语阅读理解能力,良好的阅读习惯,熟练的 阅读技巧。 分析认识文章结构,理解领会文章各部分、各 层次之间逻辑关系的能力。
逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理 判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理 判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及 比较推理判断等。
4.扎实基础,理清辨异 Soon I heard a_____like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音,但B,C,D 项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音,而sound则 表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。
I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, ___48___ any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said,“Richard, when I was 23, my dad ___49__ me to go into law. And I’ve ___50___ regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, ___51__ I didn’t purse my ___52__. 48. A. and B. as 49. A. helped B. allowed 50. A. always B. never 51. A. rather B. but 52. A. promise B. task C. even if D. as if C. persuaded D. suggested C. seldom D. almost C. for D. therefore C. belief D. dream
词汇题
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
语法结构
高考完形 填空考什么? 填空考什么?
篇章结构
复现
词汇手段
同现
复现
词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、 词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同 义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、 义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词 或其他形式重复出现在语篇中, 或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的 句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。 句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。 词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、 原词复现 词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、同义 词或近义词复现 上下义词复现和 复现、 义词复现和概括词 词或近义词复现、上下义词复现和概括词 复现四类。 复现四类。
I ___39___as a child I said something ___40___ about somebody, and father said,“___41___ time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that I looked for the best ___42___ people, I would get the best ___43___. 39. A. think B. imagine C. remember D. guess 40. A. unnecessary B. unkind C. unimportant D. unusual 41. A. Another B. Some C. Any D. Other 42. A. on B. in C. at D. about 43. A. in case B. by turns C. by chance D. in return
You know what you want. Go fulfill it.” As ___53__ turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a nation ___54__ for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad ___55__ me.
二,固定短语搭配 (44等) 44等 三,上下文逻辑关系(36,37,40,43, 36,37,40,43, 45,47,54,55, 45,47,54,55,等) 四,文化背景及生活常识
二 当前完形填空的特点
1. 突出语篇,语境选择为主, 语法为辅 突出语篇,语境选择为主, 2. 辨析词意,以实词为主 辨析词意, 3. 由选择正确答案转向最佳答案 4. 题材多为叙议结合; 首句不设空, 结合 题材多为叙议结合; 首句不设空, 尾句把握大意. 倾向于描写人物内心活动, 尾句把握大意. 倾向于描写人物内心活动, 己于人渲染感情色彩. 己于人渲染感情色彩.
照应
语法手段
替代
省略
Summary
词汇手段
照应 复现 同现
语法手段 语篇信息
替代 省略 并列关系
顺序关系 因果关系
逻辑手段
分指 关系
解释关系
转折关系
My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling ___36___, but I always knew he was ___37___. He never criticized us, but used ___38___ to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.” 36. A. biologist B. manager 37. A. strict B. honest 38. A. praise B. courage C. lawyer D. gardener C. special D. learned C. power D. warmth
In case: 以防万一 By turns: 轮流,依次 By chance:碰巧 In return:作为….回报
From then on I’ve always tried to ___44___ the principle in my life and later in running my company 44. A. revise B. set C. review D. follow
解题误区
做完形填空时,除了依据所学语言知识和解题技 巧外,还应避免几个误区。 1、单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、 搭配和语法结构,试图用语言知识解决所有问题。很 多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案,不认真分 析通篇文章。表面上解题速度挺快,但是这种见树不 见林的做法只会影响解题的质量的效率。 2、时间安排不当,在几个选项上过分纠缠,追求完 美,导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法 是由易到难,先做会
3.通顺逻辑,寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名 词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选 择正确的短语。 例如: 1) Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_____so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of 表示“自取,随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to …故答案为C
53. A. this B. he C. it D. that 54. A. newspaper B. magazine C. program D. project 55. A. controlled D. comforted C. reminded D. raised
合集下载
高考英语完形填空解题技巧和方法73页PPT
44、卓越的人一大优点是:在不利与艰 难的遭遇里百折不饶。——贝多芬
45、自己的饭量自己知道。——苏联
高考英语完形填空解题技巧和方法
51、没有哪个社会可以制订一部永远 适用的 宪法, 甚至一 条永远 适用的 法律。 ——杰 斐逊 52、法律源于人的自卫本能。——英 格索尔
53、人们通常会发现,法律就是这样 一种的 网,触 犯法律 的人, 小的可 以穿网 而过, 大的可 以破网 而出, 只有中 等的才 会坠入 网中。 ——申 斯通 54、法律就是法律它是一座雄伟的大 夏,庇 护着我 们大家 ;它的 每一块 砖石都 垒在 一块砖 石上。 ——高 尔斯华 绥 55、今天的法律未必明天仍是法律。 ——罗·伯顿
41、学问是异常珍贵的东西,从任何源泉吸 收都不可耻。——阿卜·日·法拉兹
42、只有在人群中间,才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话,只需要教育; 而要挑战别人所说的话,则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
45、自己的饭量自己知道。——苏联
高考英语完形填空解题技巧和方法
51、没有哪个社会可以制订一部永远 适用的 宪法, 甚至一 条永远 适用的 法律。 ——杰 斐逊 52、法律源于人的自卫本能。——英 格索尔
53、人们通常会发现,法律就是这样 一种的 网,触 犯法律 的人, 小的可 以穿网 而过, 大的可 以破网 而出, 只有中 等的才 会坠入 网中。 ——申 斯通 54、法律就是法律它是一座雄伟的大 夏,庇 护着我 们大家 ;它的 每一块 砖石都 垒在 一块砖 石上。 ——高 尔斯华 绥 55、今天的法律未必明天仍是法律。 ——罗·伯顿
41、学问是异常珍贵的东西,从任何源泉吸 收都不可耻。——阿卜·日·法拉兹
42、只有在人群中间,才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话,只需要教育; 而要挑战别人所说的话,则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
高考英语一轮复习完形填空做题技巧复习课课件
C. interesting
D. funny
2、A. experience B. condition C. tradition
D. custom
3、A. sure
B. afraid担心的 C. fond喜欢的
D. tired疲惫的
4、A. designing B. wearing C. washing
Once I left home to California with my friend Penelope. The trip wasn't 1easy, and there were many times I was in danger.(逻辑:解释关系) This 2experience(语法:指代关系)
; (3)语法:固定搭配 play my role扮演我的角色/my set of abilities我的能力/be
sure of 对.....有信心的/like better 更喜欢/
重点句子翻译:
1.There would always be somebody who was better at one of the things I was good at.
in particular kept me grateful to till to be alive. When I returned home, I was different, not
so strongly 3sure of(语法:短语搭配be sure of 对.....有信心的) myself. I noticed that
3.Help them — If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them.9 You should try to put them first, but make sure you don’t do everything they want you to do(否A). Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need。
高三英语完形填空解题技巧及分析PPT课件
第13页/共25页
Eg5:She noticed how nervous he was and
suggested he should stand near the stage
where he could watch and follow the play.
It was a good 1 of getting rid of his
40 A as usual B for a while C in a minute D once again
41 A advised B examined C informed D questioned
第15页/共25页
总结:
应试口诀: 文章首句要重视,全篇理解有启示。 记叙体裁为主体,通读全文明意旨。 填空多是实意词,四个选项巧设计, 词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑, 字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识, 相近词义细辨析,习惯用法靠记忆, 复读反思再核实。
years ago and 38 iinn lloovvee wwiitthh the sport on
the very first day. Riding that first 39 was the
best feeling I had ever experienced.
36. A. tell B. answer C. give
第7页/共25页
1 C 根据下文可知.
9 D根据常识推理可知.
2A 根据前后逻辑可知.
10 C根据习惯搭配可知也
3 B根据fortunately可推断出. 可 根据上文可知
4 A根据具体的语境可推出. 11 B根据上文可知.
5 D 根据词义间的比较.
12 B根据上文可知.
Eg5:She noticed how nervous he was and
suggested he should stand near the stage
where he could watch and follow the play.
It was a good 1 of getting rid of his
40 A as usual B for a while C in a minute D once again
41 A advised B examined C informed D questioned
第15页/共25页
总结:
应试口诀: 文章首句要重视,全篇理解有启示。 记叙体裁为主体,通读全文明意旨。 填空多是实意词,四个选项巧设计, 词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑, 字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识, 相近词义细辨析,习惯用法靠记忆, 复读反思再核实。
years ago and 38 iinn lloovvee wwiitthh the sport on
the very first day. Riding that first 39 was the
best feeling I had ever experienced.
36. A. tell B. answer C. give
第7页/共25页
1 C 根据下文可知.
9 D根据常识推理可知.
2A 根据前后逻辑可知.
10 C根据习惯搭配可知也
3 B根据fortunately可推断出. 可 根据上文可知
4 A根据具体的语境可推出. 11 B根据上文可知.
5 D 根据词义间的比较.
12 B根据上文可知.
高考英语完型填空做题技巧(共24张PPT)
知这只是个假设,是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用 if
引导。
8
3.利用固搭解题 (a)完形填空题中对词汇的考查,主要体现在习惯用法和同 义词、近义词的辨析: 要做好这类题,需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨 析能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。如:
They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never A3 baths. 3.A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered 他们既不会读也不会写。他们不喜欢工作,从不 1 澡。
【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系 ,即and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系,相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必 然和修饰 nitrogen 的6空的词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此,在6空考虑填入 的应是和usually相对应的频度副词,而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly 都表示了部分、量的含义,与频度无关。rarely(很少地,罕有地)虽表示了频度关 系,但其意义与usually相反,不符合一一对应的一致性,因此排除。只有C项 sometimes(不时,有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻辑对应。故选C。
【解析】此题后面的冒号部分有提示:agriculture,diving and mathematics是他们谈话讨论的话题,由此可得出本题的答案为B。
13
7.巧用排除法解题
(a)在有些情况下,如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案,可 以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用,缩小选择的范围,提高正 确率。如: The woman looked carefully at me B8 through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice. 8.A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again
高考英语完形填空解题技巧(共35张PPT)
考点2 词组搭配
• 考查同学们对于单词之间的组合(即词组和习惯搭配)的辨认能力,其难点 在于习惯搭配。因为同学们平时背得最多的是单词和词组,而对于习惯搭配 的记忆和整理比较欠缺,比如“获得知识”中的“获得”,如果按照字面意思来 翻译其实有很多词可以用,比如get、gain、obtain等,但习惯的搭配是 acquire knowledge,这就需要同学们通过不断地精读和分析文章去积累这方 面的知识。
分段首句相当于段落的分论点 中心句解 题方法:1 看文章首段首句 (原理: 分论点必须遵从中心论点) 2 读本段其它内容 最后总结
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费 课件高 考英语 完形填 空解题 技巧( 共35张PPT)
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费 课件高 考英语 完形填 空解题 技巧( 共35张PPT)
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费 课件高 考英语 完形填 空解题 技巧( 共35张PPT)
5. 选材适中
• 近几年来的高考完型填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定 哲理和教育意义,夹叙夹议,以叙为主的议论文。词数在200-300之间。设 空距离为10个词左右。短文内容结构严谨,逻辑性强,层次分明。材料难度 与高三教材相当,所选短文的英语语言符合高三学生的实际水平。
考点3 词义辨析
考查同学们对于单词之间的差异的辨析能力,其难点在于词汇的内涵(即英 文释义)。因为同学们平时背的都是单词和词组的中文注释,用中文注释去 做语法题和阅读理解题是没有问题的,做大部分完形填空题目也没有问题, 但是有些题目就行不通了,这个时候就需要我们通过英文释义去理解词汇的 内涵。
考点4 上下文提示
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费 课件高 考英语 完形填 空解题 技巧( 共35张PPT)
高考英语完形填空解题技巧指导课件(56张PPT)
Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器).
One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 get hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. 45. A. flames B. smoke 同/近义词 C. water D. steam (synonym) One thing is 59 ----- Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle!
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 上下义/总分 57. A.woman B.police (hyponymy) C.man D.driver 上义词 (概括)
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers
高考英语复习课件-完形填空解题方法及技巧 杨敏
2.寻求上下逻辑,从容确定关系 It has been many years since I was last in London____ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as 根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示 转折的连词but.
完形填空解题方法及技巧
新区校区 杨敏
词汇题
语法结构
高考完形 填空考什么?
篇章结构
复现
词汇手段
同现
复现
词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同 义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词 或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的 句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。 词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、同义 词或近义词复现、上下义词复现和概括词 复现四类。
4.扎实基础,理清辨异 Soon I heard a_____like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音,但B,C,D 项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音,而sound则 表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。
注意解题误区
做完形填空时,除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外,还 应避免几个误区。 一、单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、 搭配和语法结构,试图用语言知识解决所有问题。很多考生一 拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案,不认真分析通篇文章。表面 上解题速度挺快,但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的 质量的效率。 二、时间安排不当,在几个选项上过分纠缠,追求完 美,导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正பைடு நூலகம்的做法是由易到 难,先做会。
高考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解ppt课件
2) The rail will expand (膨胀) when it gets ___.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
5.从生活常识着手
It didn't make use of long muscles we
used to throw a baseball, and it wasn't
A. reach B. keep C. take . make
make it 做成某事
3) The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just ____ the best of everything they have.
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择 有提示作用的词或句,结合语境答题。
1)Mrs. Black would ask me for my 2___. She
waபைடு நூலகம்ted to know how I thought we should
_h_a_n_d_l _things. At first I had no idea how
C .turned in ★D .applied for
[示例] (2014 ·浙江高考)
25 .A. Because of
C . Apart from 26 . A. loved
C . pleased 2 7 . A. gradually
C . recently 2 8 . A. selfrespect
scratching my head .
“ Still can’t speak
Chinese?” He 41 me , “You can’t even
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
5.从生活常识着手
It didn't make use of long muscles we
used to throw a baseball, and it wasn't
A. reach B. keep C. take . make
make it 做成某事
3) The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just ____ the best of everything they have.
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择 有提示作用的词或句,结合语境答题。
1)Mrs. Black would ask me for my 2___. She
waபைடு நூலகம்ted to know how I thought we should
_h_a_n_d_l _things. At first I had no idea how
C .turned in ★D .applied for
[示例] (2014 ·浙江高考)
25 .A. Because of
C . Apart from 26 . A. loved
C . pleased 2 7 . A. gradually
C . recently 2 8 . A. selfrespect
scratching my head .
“ Still can’t speak
Chinese?” He 41 me , “You can’t even
高考英语完形填空解题技巧总结ppt课件
2C , a lot of valuable time would be
wasted. 近距离复现
2. A. curious
B. confident
C. anxious D. calm 最新版整理ppt
8
Every summer, hundreds of
thousands of students travel to
干扰选项没那么具体
16. A. food B. flowers C. crops D. plants
最新版整理ppt
13
搭配方面 1. 固定搭配。
最新版整理ppt
14
Around twenty years ago I was living in New York. Though I had a
lot of A1 experience and a
when we grow up.
同词复现
10. A. write B. think C. behave D. learn
11. A. problems
B. mistakes
C. examples
D. things
12. A. defending
B. borrowing
C. learning
D. demanding
最新版整理ppt
12
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will
be more food available. Land for C16 , such as rice,
corn and wheat, feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.
wasted. 近距离复现
2. A. curious
B. confident
C. anxious D. calm 最新版整理ppt
8
Every summer, hundreds of
thousands of students travel to
干扰选项没那么具体
16. A. food B. flowers C. crops D. plants
最新版整理ppt
13
搭配方面 1. 固定搭配。
最新版整理ppt
14
Around twenty years ago I was living in New York. Though I had a
lot of A1 experience and a
when we grow up.
同词复现
10. A. write B. think C. behave D. learn
11. A. problems
B. mistakes
C. examples
D. things
12. A. defending
B. borrowing
C. learning
D. demanding
最新版整理ppt
12
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will
be more food available. Land for C16 , such as rice,
corn and wheat, feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.
高考英语完形填空解题技巧和方法PPT课件
6. 关注语境背景知识, 侧重上下关联, 暗示判断能力。
7.大多富有积极的教育意义,给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣;
对于叙事,描述类文章。短文的首句, 往往点明故事发生的人物(who),时间 (when),地点(where),和事件 (what)等背景情况。例:
It was a busy morning,about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .
A graduation C separation
B movement D vacation
7.The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Holding springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 22 areas like the desert.
的题来不及做。
切记:正确的做法是由易到难,先做会做 的,再考虑较难的。 强烈推荐:如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格, 然后快速地整句 整段地默读, 选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.
四. 解题方法:
总的原则: 先完意,后完形。 十六字方针:上下通气 ,瞻前顾后,
左顾右盼,前后照应 。
A .doing
B. raising
C. putting
D. producing
6.He’d 36 his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living, 37 had his father and grand-father before him. 36.A. cost B. spent
7.大多富有积极的教育意义,给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣;
对于叙事,描述类文章。短文的首句, 往往点明故事发生的人物(who),时间 (when),地点(where),和事件 (what)等背景情况。例:
It was a busy morning,about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .
A graduation C separation
B movement D vacation
7.The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Holding springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 22 areas like the desert.
的题来不及做。
切记:正确的做法是由易到难,先做会做 的,再考虑较难的。 强烈推荐:如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格, 然后快速地整句 整段地默读, 选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.
四. 解题方法:
总的原则: 先完意,后完形。 十六字方针:上下通气 ,瞻前顾后,
左顾右盼,前后照应 。
A .doing
B. raising
C. putting
D. producing
6.He’d 36 his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living, 37 had his father and grand-father before him. 36.A. cost B. spent
